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Georg Borges - Verträge im elektronischen Geschäftsverkehr

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Georg Borges

Verträge im elektronischen Geschäftsverkehr

Series: Schriften des Rechtszentrums für Europäische und Internationale Zusammenarbeit (R.I.Z.)

Volume 30 2008

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Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act S. 1014-1024

„… . – This title does not –(1) limit, alter, or otherwise affectany requirement imposed by a …” „… ruleof law other than a requirement thatcontracts or other records be written,signed, or in nonelectronic …” „… requirement that such information be in writing if –(A) the consumer has affirmatively consented to such use …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845206196

Marc Bungenberg, August Reinisch - CETA Investment Law

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Marc Bungenberg (ed.), August Reinisch (ed.)

CETA Investment Law

2022

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Marc Bungenberg, Andrés E. Alvarado Garzón Article 8.17 Formal requirements S. 417-433

„… Article 8.17Formal requirementsNotwithstanding Articles 8.6 and 8.7, a Party may require an …” „… Requirements’ – Invest-ment Chapter – EU-Mexico Global Agreement.Bibliography: Padideh Ala’i and Matthew D’Orsi …” „… 2020); AkiraKotera, ‘Regulatory Transparency’ in Peter Muchlinski, Federico Ortino and Christoph …”

Lori Di Pierdomenico Article 8.15 Reservations and exceptions S. 374-394

„… ), Performance requirements(PRs), National treatment (NT), Most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN), and Senior …” „… ); Charles-Emmanuel Côté, ‘From Sea to Sea: Regulatory Space ofFederal and Provincial Governments in Canada under …” „… to providenational policy makers the regulatory flexibility they require to put in place the sortof …”

Marc Bungenberg, August Reinisch An Overview of the CETA – Investment Chapter (Chapter 8) S. 1-42

„… Policy Options Addressing “Regulatory Chill”’ (2001) 4(3) Int’l J. Sustain. Dev., 231; SuzyNikièma …” „… , ‘Performance Requirements in Investment Treaties’, IISD Best Practices Series, December 2014;Stratos Pahis …” „… January 2015; Kyla Tienhaara, ‘Regulatory chill and thethreat of arbitration: A view from political …”

Christina Binder Article 8.5 Performance requirements S. 175-193

„… ofthe following requirements:(a) to achieve a given level or percentage of domestic content;(b) to …” „… latter.2Traditionally, mainly developing economies have used performance requirements.Performance …” „… also known as ‘advantage-conditioning performance requirements’,subject (‘condition’) the access to …”

Irmgard Marboe Article 8.40 Indemnification or other compensation S. 856-875

„… ) 113 AJIL, 33; Mark Kantor, ‘Are You in Good HandsWith Your Insurance Company? Regulatory Expropriation …” „… disturbance: risk of losses due to social unrest.– Other adverse regulatory changes: risk of losses for …” „… or insurers are subjectto distinct jurisdiction requirements than the original investor in the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… . Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law JournalPR Performance requirementsPrel. Rem. Preliminary remarksProf …” „… .......................................................................Article 8.4 159Performance requirements .........................................................Article …” „… Investment and regulatory measures ..............................................Article 8.9 236Treatment of …”

Marc Bungenberg, Angshuman Hazarika, Afolabi Adekemi Article 8.2 Scope S. 114-146

„… RequirementsArticle 8.2.1(c) CETA provides the Investment Chapter applies to a measure adopt-ed or maintained by a …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 774. Measures Relating to Performance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81II …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99b) Interpretation of the Cultural Exclusion Clause Based on LocalRequirements …”

Ursula Kriebaum Article 8.12 Expropriation S. 297-336

„… distinguish the exercise of normal regulatory powers that do notlead to a compensation requirement from …” „… Clough,‘Regulatory Expropriations and Compensation under NAFTA’ (2005) 6 JWIT, 553; Paul Comeaux andStephan Kinsella …” „… and State Regulatory Autonomy: the Role of the LegitimateExpectation Principle in the CMS v. Argentina …”

Patricia Nacimiento Article 8.13 Transfers S. 337-359

„… , is narrow and subject to a number of requirements.The State is allowed to apply certain of its laws …” „… or record keeping of transfers when necessary to assist lawenforcement or financial regulatory …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14II. The Individual Requirements under Article 8.13(1 …”

Armand de Mestral, Lukas Vanhonnaeker Article 8.4 Market access S. 159-174

„… whether in the form of numerical quotas, monopolies, exclusivesuppliers or the requirement of an economic …” „… requirement of an economic needs test;(iii) the total number of operations or the total quantity of output …” „… ex-pressed in terms of designated numerical units in the form of quotasor the requirement of an economic …”

Stefanie Schacherer Article 8.9 Investment and regulatory measures S. 236-255

„… Article 8.9Investment and regulatory measures1. For the purpose of this Chapter, the Parties …” „… and Deference in In-vestor-State Arbitration – Balancing Investment Protection and Regulatory Autonomy …” „… Regulatory Actions in the Public Interest – the Concept of Proportionality’,in Stephan W. Schill (ed …”

Erman Özgür Article 8.3 Relation to other chapters S. 147-158

„… byChapter Thirteen (Financial Services).2. A requirement by a Party that a service supplier of the other …” „… shallprevail to the extent of the inconsistency.2. A requirement by a Party that a service provider of another …” „… to the extent that theyare covered by Chapter 17 (Financial Services).3. A requirement of a Party …”

Panos Koutrakos Article 8.8 Senior management and boards of directors S. 231-235

„… thenon-discrimination requirement on both senior management and board of directors.In fact, it has been viewed as ‘very …” „… ensuingconcern of the EU to protect its and the Member States’ regulatory space.9C. Drafting HistoryThe scope of …” „… either Partyto impose a nationality and residence requirement for a majority of the board ofdirectors …”

Johannes Tropper Article 8.6 National treatment S. 194-215

„… 2006-2009), 1102/1; Jürgen Kurtz, ‘National Treatment, For-eign Investment and Regulatory Autonomy: The …” „… , Non-Discrimination and the Role of Regulatory Purpose in International Trade andInvestment Law (Edward Elgar …” „… 2021):‘3. A Party may meet the requirement of paragraph 1 and 2 by according to establishments andinvestors …”

Marc Bungenberg, Angshuman Hazarika Article 8.1 Definitions S. 43-113

„… provisions of the Chapter, inter alia, Formal requirements(Article 8.17), Transparency of proceedings …” „… investments (market access and performance requirements) andSection C – Non-discriminatory treatment (national …” „… the require-ment.61V. Computer Reservation System ServicesThe definition in the agreement is …”

Lukas Stifter Article 8.44 Committee on Services and Investment S. 945-954

„… after completion of their respective internal requirements and procedures,adopt a code of conduct for …” „… , andafter completion of their respective internal requirements and procedures:(a) recommend to the CETA …” „… requirements and procedures’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312. Consultations …”

Marc Bungenberg, Afolabi Adekemi Article 8.18 CETA (Scope) S. 434-484

„… encapsulates the scope of such Tribunal’sjurisdiction and the requirements that must be satisfied before …” „… jurisdiction can besuccessfully invoked.Just as Article 25 of the ICSID Convention contains requirements …” „… whether the jurisdictional requirements of the ICSID Convention and the BIThave been satisfied, the …”

Index S. 979-994

„… – legal sources 8.31 11 ff.– legal sources, hierarchy 8.31 19 f.– legality requirements 8.2 71 ff …” „… of internal requirements andprocedures 8.44 32 ff.– rules of procedure 8.44 16 f.– transparency …” „… requirement 8.19 3– condition precedent 8.20 50– no amicable settlement 8.20 77Contract 8.14 11, 22, 24 …”

Patrick Dumberry Article 8.10 Treatment of investors and of covered investments S. 256-276

„… Henckels,‘Protection Regulatory Autonomy through Greater Precision in Investment Treaties: The TPP, CETA,and TTIP …” „… non-NAFTA tribunals which have been increasinglywilling to recognize new requirements as components of the …” „… specific existing requirements forissuing that permit,63 for example, when an administrative order is not …”

Marc Bungenberg, Anna Holzer Article 8.41 Enforcement of awards S. 876-916

„… disputing parties. Thechoice of the rules of procedure also affects in part which regulatory regime is …” „… is not based onan exclusive choice of court agreement. However, it remains a requirement here too …” „… includes all awards complying with the requirements mentioned there.Thus, the intention is that all awards …”

Christoph Schreuer Article 8.11 Compensation for losses S. 277-296

„… , 8.6, 8.7 and 8.8 relate to market access, performance requirements,national treatment, MFN treatment …” „… emergency” but, rather, a result of regulatory measures passed by Argentina.In any case, the provision …”

Julian Scheu Article 8.31 Applicable law and interpretation S. 704-737

„… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683. No Practical Implications from the ‘serious concerns’-Requirement . . 694. Rule of law and …” „… very limited, given that the politically relevant requirements such asthe consent of the Contracting …” „… . However, inview of the comprehensive and detailed regulatory regime established by the CETA,the Tribunal …”

Irmgard Marboe Article 8.39 Final award S. 826-855

„… preserve the regulatory space of states, which was one of the keyissues in the development of the EU …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748902133

Ulrich Karpen - Gesetzgebungslehre - neu evaluiert - Legistics - freshly evaluated

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Ulrich Karpen

Gesetzgebungslehre - neu evaluiert - Legistics - freshly evaluated

Series: International Association of Legislation (IAL) / Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesetzgebung (DGG)

Volume 12 2008

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Implementation of Legislative Evaluation in Europe: Current Models and Trends S. 149-179

„… parties support the regulatory review requirements, including the RIA. It has ceased to be the partisan …” „… model evaluation approach. The approach should, however, fulfil a number of essential requirements:Î …” „… TrendsIntroductionRegulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) as a method of assessing the costs and consequences of law as enforced and …”

Legislation, Development and Democracy S. 180-196

„… and Quality of Laws 1854. Quantity of Laws 1855. Quality of Laws 1866. Regulatory Impact Assessment …” „… the law. This sometimes requires enforcement. But acceptance of the law is a dominant requirement for …” „… requirements to change the political system. Is there a »droit d’ingerence« under the assumption, that …”

Bibliographie / Bibliography S. 219-230

„… regulatory requirements for secure e-voting«, in: M. El Hadidi u.a. (Hrsg.), Proc. of the 16th IFIP …” „… and its implications for administrative law: regulatory initiatives in France, Germany, Norway and the …” „… Requirements for a Secure Electronic Voting System«, in: M. El Hadidi u.a. (Hrsg.), Proc. of the 16th IFIP …”

Mannual For Law Drafting S. 197-218

„… seat-belt-fastening-requirement is proven, if use of seat-belts is reducing the number of accidents with legal consequences or …” „… . »Costs« are meant in a broad sense, not 204just financial costs. The requirement of seat-belt-fastening …” „… transparency is not only a democratic requirement, but usually adds to the quality of the project and gives …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845212074

Michael Friedewald, Alexander Roßnagel, Rahild Neuburger, Felix Bieker, Gerrit Hornung - Daten-Fairness in einer globalisierten Welt

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Michael Friedewald (ed.), Alexander Roßnagel (ed.), Rahild Neuburger (ed.), Felix Bieker (ed.), Gerrit Hornung (ed.)

Daten-Fairness in einer globalisierten Welt

Series: Privatheit und Selbstbestimmung in der digitalen Welt | Privacy and Self-Determination in the Digital World

Volume 2 2023

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Sebastian J. Kasper, Timo Hoffmann Targeting Reputation – Publication of Compliance as a Regulatory Concept in Comparative Data Protection Law S. 79-106

„… Targeting Reputation – Publication of Compliance as aRegulatory Concept in Comparative Data …” „… structural elements for a typology to allow for futurecomparative assessments of regulatory concepts that …” „… publicbecome aware that they have violated data protection law6.We aim to identify and categorise regulatory …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748938743

Astrid Wiik - Amicus Curiae before International Courts and Tribunals

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Astrid Wiik

Amicus Curiae before International Courts and Tribunals

Series: Successful Dispute Resolution

Volume 4 2018

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Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-24

„… Comparative analysisVIII. 261Request for leave proceduresC. 266Formal requirementsI. 269Timing1. 269Form and …” „… Institute Luxembourg for International, European and Regulatory Procedural Law, Luxembourgem. Prof. Dr. Dr …” „… themeantime, the Max Planck Institute Luxembourg for European, Interna-tional and Regulatory Procedural Law …”

Chapter § 5 Admission of amicus curiae to the proceedings S. 175-316

„… courts and tribunals reviewed (A.). It then analyzes the vari-ous requirements in the admission processes …” „… require-ments for written amicus curiae submissions in contentious proceedings.66It provides:1. Any person or …” „… the AmericanConvention and the IACtHR Statute is due to some OAS member states’ regula-tory traditions …”

Chapter § 8 Effects on the international dispute settlement system S. 489-568

„… the regulatory density of national legal orders. One of themain issues of contention concerning the …” „… tribunal noted that the par-ties’ consent was not a requirement for amicus curiae participation, and that …” „… , tribunals have taken due note of regulatory effortsboth in the ICSID and in the NAFTA, thereby giving member …”

Chapter § 9 Conclusion S. 569-574

„… advantage of the broad regulatory discretion of international courtsand tribunals in this regard. The …” „… require-ments. In many instances, requests are granted without proper assessmentof the application …” „… requirements whether anamicus curiae is independent from the parties. Apart from this generalcondition, this …”

Chapter § 2 Great expectations? Presumed functions and drawbacks of amicus curiae participation S. 41-72

„… requirements are met. Regarding theeffects of erroneous judicial decisions, see M. Reisman, Nullity and …” „… upon to determine the legality with in-ternational law of domestic regulatory measures on issues of …” „… , supra note 27, pp. 733, 758 (A general contentionis that WTO rules unduly restrict the regulatory …”

Chapter § 6 Amici curiae in the proceedings S. 317-428

„… diverging interests at stake inthe creation of an adequate regulatory framework for the participation …” „… having notified their intention to do so and if this accords with‘the requirements of due process.’34 For …” „… Rules, the consen-suality requirement in Rule 32(2) was transformed to a veto right of eachparty against …”

Chapter § 7 Does content matter? Substantive effectiveness of amicus curiae submissions S. 429-488

„… International and Comparative LawQuarterly (2010), pp. 409-410 (’[A]s a minimum requirement, [tribunals …” „… intense consumer pressureseven months before the enactment of the strict dolphin-safe requirementsin the …”

Chapter § 4 Characteristics, status and function of amicus curiae before international courts S. 123-174

„… [Emphasis in original]. The tribunal stressed that‘the requirement of a different expertise, experience or …” „… have been rather oblivious to these risks,even though they can be managed with disclosure requirements …” „… religious requirements of the applicant’s members. The court per-mitted the Chief Rabbi of France and the …”

Chapter § 3 An international instrument S. 73-122

„… fol-lowing a widening of the requirements for intervention to accommodateintervention in the public interest …” „… this amicus through broad transparency requirements. Id. See also E.Gressman et al., Supreme Court …” „… submission.68 Notable for-mal requirements are that amicus curiae submissions must disclose the au-thorship …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845275925

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