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Julia Berdin

Biobank-Governance

Series: Schriften zum Bio-, Gesundheits- und Medizinrecht

Volume 29 2017

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Literaturverzeichnis S. 383-422

„… /2011/08/03/u_s_review_of_human _subjects_rules_could_ease_restrictions_on_researchers (zuletzt abgerufen am …” „… , Burlington, 2009, S. 117-133 Calabresi, Guido / Melamed, A. Douglas: Property Rules, Liability Rules, and …” „… ) Cook-Deegan, Robert Mullan: Privacy, Families, and Human Subject Protections: Some Lessons from Pedigree …”

Zweites Kapitel: „Communal turn“ und neue Governance-Ansätze S. 159-276

„… veröffentlichten sogenannten „Belmont Report“871 der US National Commision for the Protection of Humans Subjects of …”

Erstes Kapitel: Rechtlicher Regelungsrahmen für Biobanken S. 27-158

doi.org/10.5771/9783845282640

Julia Iliopoulos-Strangas, Stanislaw Biernat, Michael Potacs - Verantwortung, Haftung und Kontrolle des Verfassungsstaates und der Europäischen Union im Wandel der Zeit - Responsibility, Accountability and Control of the Constitutional State and the European Union in Changing Times - Responsabilités et Contrôle de l' État constituionnel et de l'Union européenne au fil du temps

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Julia Iliopoulos-Strangas (ed.), Stanislaw Biernat (ed.), Michael Potacs (ed.)

Verantwortung, Haftung und Kontrolle des Verfassungsstaates und der Europäischen Union im Wandel der Zeit - Responsibility, Accountability and Control of the Constitutional State and the European Union in Changing Times - Responsabilités et Contrôle de l' État constituionnel et de l'Union européenne au fil du temps

Series: Societas Iuris Publici Europaei (SIPE)

Volume 9 2014

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Antonio Lazari State Liability in Comparative and European Union Law S. 123-144

„… subject to CommonLaw civil liability. The ratio legis was simple: the Crown was defined as an …” „… State Liability in Comparative and European Union LawAntonio Lazari*ProemIn the following chapter …” „… , I will present a concise comparative analysis of threemunicipal models of State liability and their …”

Monika Kawczy?ska Concurrent Liability of the European Union and the Member States S. 73-92

„… subject to solidary liability, the victim may claim full compensation from any one or more of …” „… Concurrent Liability of the European Union and the Member StatesMonika …” „… Kawczy?ska*IntroductionConcurrent liability of the European Union and its Member States is the most difficult problem in the field …”

Nina Pó?torak State Liability in EU Law – Have the Member States Learnt anything in 20 Years after “Francovich”? S. 181-194

„… State Liability in EU Law – Have the Member States Learnt anythingin 20 Years after …” „… Pêcheur of 1996), that the State’s liability is based on the common conditionsand the individuals have the …” „… the breach andthe loss or damage2. The next milestone in the States’ liability rulings was theKöbler …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-20

„… Übersetzung, vorbehalten. Gedruckt auf alterungsbeständigem Papier.This work is subject to copyright. All …” „… Responsibility, Liability und Accountability während in der französischenRechtsordnung von Responsabilités im …” „… to the influence of EU law. The state liability for legislative acts or forlawful acts, for instance …”

Ji?í Zemánek Reinforced Responsibility and Accountability in a Democracy-Based EMU-Governance S. 167-170

„… benefits of European integration, but alsowhy these benefits are subject to some duties towards others …” „… crises.States´ liability would be limited, since the EU own resources will be linked toeconomic activities that …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845259314

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Peter Mankowski (ed.)

Commercial Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2018

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Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 18 Damage to Cargo S. 1206-1212

„… carrier’s liability is subject to the law that governs the relevant mode of transport.11 V. Exoneration The …” „… , last sentence, which means that the carrier is therefore subject to the rules of liability under …” „… - not subject to any sanctions and even retains the advantage of the unbreakable liability limits of …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 29 Basis of Claims S. 1225-1226

„… liability and may be offset against future damage awards that the carrier may have to pay.2 Article 28 is a …” „… Convention or in contract or in tort or otherwise, can only be brought subject to the conditions and such …” „… limits of liability as are set out in this Convention without prejudice to the question as to who are the …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Introduction S. 1179-1183

„… liability for claims beyond that figure subject to invocation of the no-fault defense in respect of the …” „… (MONTREAL CONVENTION) Bibliography: Paul Dempsey and Michael Milde, International Air Carrier Liability: The …” „… burden of proof the carrier can rely on certain ceilings limiting the extent of its liability. The limit …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 3 Passengers and Baggage S. 1188-1189

„… stopping place(s) is no longer subject to the sanction of unlimited liability. The document to be delivered …” „… waybill.11 Domestic carriage is thus not subject to the Montreal Convention unless the domestic leg is …” „… Regulation (EC) No. 889/2002, thereby applying a uniform liability regime for all carriage performed by …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 10 Responsibility for Particulars of Documentation S. 1193

„… , nonetheless, be subject to the rules of this Convention including those relating to limitation of liability …” „… extent of the carrier’s or consignor’s liability is not subject to the provisions of the Montreal …” „… sanction of unlimited liability (as was the case under the Warsaw Convention). Article 10 Responsibility …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 9 Non-compliance with Documentary Requirements S. 1193

„… , nonetheless, be subject to the rules of this Convention including those relating to limitation of liability …” „… extent of the carrier’s or consignor’s liability is not subject to the provisions of the Montreal …” „… sanction of unlimited liability (as was the case under the Warsaw Convention). Article 10 Responsibility …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 41 Mutual Liability S. 1238

„… carrier, only between the contracting and the actual carrier.1 Article 40 Respective Liability of …” „… carrier and the actual carrier shall, except as otherwise provided in this Chapter, be subject to the …” „… liability also extends to the segment(s) performed by the actual carrier. The passenger or consignor may …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 40 Respective Liability of Contracting and Actual Carriers S. 1238

„… carrier, only between the contracting and the actual carrier.1 Article 40 Respective Liability of …” „… carrier and the actual carrier shall, except as otherwise provided in this Chapter, be subject to the …” „… liability also extends to the segment(s) performed by the actual carrier. The passenger or consignor may …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 6 Contract of carriage S. 1090

„… An extension of liability referred to in Article 5 of the CIV UR refers not only to the limits of …” „… liability, but also additional liability, e.g. non-application of the grounds for relief from liability or …” „… are subject to a special agreement within the context of the contract of carriage. Contract of …”

Klaus Ramming Article 5 Delivery time S. 1009

„… The shipper’s and the consignee’s claims, respectively, against the actual carrier are subject to …” „… carrier and not vis-à-vis the contractual carrier. Since the actual carrier’s liability corresponds with …” „… extending his liability vis- à-vis the shipper and the consignee in principle would also apply against the …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 49 Conversion and interest S. 1117

„… the vehicle subject to carriage, the carrier shall be liable only if the damage was caused by his …” „… fault. Article 47 Applicable law Subject to the provisions of this Section, the provisions of Section 2 …” „… relating to liability for luggage shall apply to vehicles. According to Article 47 of the CIV UR, → Art …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 48 Loss of right to invoke the limits of liability S. 1117

„… the vehicle subject to carriage, the carrier shall be liable only if the damage was caused by his …” „… fault. Article 47 Applicable law Subject to the provisions of this Section, the provisions of Section 2 …” „… relating to liability for luggage shall apply to vehicles. According to Article 47 of the CIV UR, → Art …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 23 Basis of liability S. 1155-1156

„… non-saleable goods. Title III Liability Article 23 Basis of liability The carrier shall be liable for loss or …” „… carrier’s liability during the period between taking over the goods and delivering the goods. The maximum …” „… limit of this causal (strict) liability of the carrier with respect to the customer in the event of …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 1 Scope S. 1084-1086

„… carriage of passengers by rail subject to a number of exemptions (see Article 2 of the Rail PRR). The …” „… : https://ec.eu 1084 1 2 3 4 When international carriage being the subject of a single contract includes carriage …” „… leg are covered by a single contract of carriage. Application of the CIV UR in this case is subject to …”

Klaus Ramming Article 25 Nullity of contractual stipulations S. 1061-1063

„… contractual stipulation intended to exclude or to limit or, subject to the provisions of article 20, paragraph …” „… 4, to increase the liability, within the meaning of this Convention, of the carrier, the actual …” „… application of liability provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 II …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 5.1.4 (Duty to achieve a specific result. Duty of best efforts) S. 575-576

„… (contractual option) The liability regime in chapter 7 section 4 is strict and, subject to an excuse under the …” „… liability as principally accepted excuses under the Principles (→ Art. 7.1.6 no. 2-3). Subject to the …” „… that its liability for nonperformance will be excluded under Art. 7.1.2, if such ‘prior performance of …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 4 Cargo S. 1190

„… subject to the liability regime of the Convention, which may limit the carrier’s liability for passenger …” „… available to the passenger – or even failure to deliver a ticket – is no longer subject to the sanction of …” „… loss of the protection of limited liability. Thus, unlike the situation under the Warsaw Convention …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 17 Death and Injury of Passengers – Damage to Baggage S. 1198-1205

„… objections to the carriage of the cargo. The consignor is subject to unlimited liability for damages caused …” „… subject to a different liability regime. Under Article 17 paragraph 2, the carrier is strictly liable for …” „… documents furnished by the consignor. Chapter III Liability of the Carrier and Extent of Compensation for …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 22 Limits of Liability in Relation to Delay, Baggage and Cargo S. 1217-1220

„… prevented from limiting its liability under the amount of 113,100 SDR (see paragraph 1) or excluding it …” „… Liability in Relation to Delay, Baggage and Cargo 1. In the case of damage caused by delay as specified in …” „… Article 19 in the carriage of persons, the liability of the carrier for each passenger is limited to 4,150 …”

Klaus Ramming Article 24 Limitation of actions S. 1056-1060

„… to the goods which is not apparent and was not subject of the inspection, Article 23.4 applies to the …” „… 23.1, 23.3 and 23.4), but instead the carrier’s liability for the delay is completely excluded. The …” „… applicable to the contract of carriage. The filing of a claim in proceedings to apportion limited liability …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 6 Contract of carriage S. 1134-1138

„… assume a liability greater and obligations more burdensome than those provided for in these Uniform Rules …” „… . Under CIM UR the carrier may assume a greater liability and more burdensome obligations in favour of the …” „… clients (consignor), i.e. there is a possibility of extending liability not being limited to maximum …”

Peter Csoklich Article 17 S. 938-942

„… ), second sentence, CMR). Chapter IV Liability of the carrier Article 17 (1) The carrier shall be liable for …” „… however be relieved of liability if the loss, damage or delay was caused by the wrongful act or neglect of …” „… shall not be relieved of liability by reason of the defective condition of the vehicle used by him in …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 19 Delay S. 1213-1214

„… calculated to prevent the subject loss.7 If the carrier is unable to exonerate itself, its liability is …” „… the Montreal Convention; such cases are instead subject to national law.4 III. Exoneration of the …” „… carrier The carrier can avoid liability if it can prove that it and its servants and agents5 took all …”

Klaus Ramming Article 20 Maximum limits of liability S. 1047-1051

„… . Article 20 Maximum limits of liability 1. Subject to article 21 and paragraph 4 of the present article …” „… to wastage during carriage. The provision clarifies that the carrier’s liability is limited for that …” „… at the place of destination. The exclusion of liability applies irrespective of the length of the …”

Klaus Ramming Article 7 Dangerous and polluting goods S. 1013-1015

„… neither subject the national law otherwise applicable to the contract of carriage. As a result, only …” „… with the concepts of CMNI to assume that the carrier’s liability for loss of and damage to the goods …” „… all goods which are subject to ADN and all relevant national laws on dangerous goods applicable to the …”

Tobias Eckardt Article 27 S. 958-959

„… Whereas Art. 24 CMR may be used to increase the liability for loss of or damage to the goods, Art …” „… . 26 CMR enables the parties to agree on the carrier’s liability even for those losses which are not …” „… the applicable national law;3 whether immaterial losses are covered by Art. 26 is subject to dispute.4 …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 16 Consignment of registered luggage S. 1098

„… administrative requirements, the carrier bears no liability for this. Chapter II Hand Luggage and Animals Article …” „… such loss or damage were caused by carrier’s fault. Note, that passenger’s liability is dealt with in …” „… luggage is an ancillary service to the carriage of passengers and not the subject-matter of a separate …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 15 Supervision S. 1098

„… administrative requirements, the carrier bears no liability for this. Chapter II Hand Luggage and Animals Article …” „… such loss or damage were caused by carrier’s fault. Note, that passenger’s liability is dealt with in …” „… luggage is an ancillary service to the carriage of passengers and not the subject-matter of a separate …”

Stefan Kröll Article 13 Bank-to-Bank Reimbursement Arrangements S. 1449-1450

„… in the liability of the nominated bank towards the issuing bank. That requires, however, that the …” „… the presentation, no liability of the nominated bank to honour or negotiate arises. Neither do these …” „… another party (reimbursing bank), the credit must state if the reimbursement is subject to the ICC rules …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 25 Stipulation on Limits S. 1223

„… subject to higher limits of liability than those provided for in this Convention or to no limits of …” „… shall notify States Parties of a revision of the limits of liability. Any such revision shall become …” „… paragraph. In order to take account of the erosion of liability limits by inflation, Article 24 provides for …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 53 Special principles of liability S. 1119

„… of liability, on whatever grounds, may be brought against the carrier only subject to the conditions …” „… in respect of liability, whether based on contract of carriage or not, only according to the …” „… conditions set by the CIV UR. Title V Liability of the Passenger Article 53 Special principles of liability …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 52 Other actions S. 1119

„… of liability, on whatever grounds, may be brought against the carrier only subject to the conditions …” „… in respect of liability, whether based on contract of carriage or not, only according to the …” „… conditions set by the CIV UR. Title V Liability of the Passenger Article 53 Special principles of liability …”

Klaus Ramming Article 1 Definitions S. 993-999

„… in Article 1 No. 1 and thus not subject to CMNI. It is submitted that this also applies to freight …” „… then treated like a carrier and subject to the law on contracts of carriage. It is further submitted …” „… involved. The definition of inland waterways is subject to the domestic law otherwise applicable on the …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 11.1.4 (Availability of defences and rights of set-off) S. 791-793

„… limb) each obligor facing a claim from an obligee for joint and several liability may assert all common …” „… Pursuant to Art. 11.1.4 an obligor facing a claim of an obligee for joint and several liability may assert …” „… different understanding in common law and in a number of civil law jurisdictions; for example, subject to …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 25 Applicable law S. 1104

„… Article 25 Applicable law Subject to the provisions of this Chapter, the provisions of Chapter III …” „… Liability of the Carrier Chapter I Liability in case of Death of, or Personal Injury to, Passengers Article …” „… 26 Basis of liability The carrier shall be liable for the loss or damage resulting from the death of …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 5 Mandatory law S. 1134

„… assume a liability greater and obligations more burdensome than those provided for in these Uniform Rules …” „… . Under CIM UR the carrier may assume a greater liability and more burdensome obligations in favour of the …” „… clients (consignor), i.e. there is a possibility of extending liability not being limited to maximum …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 26 Basis of liability S. 1104-1105

„… Article 25 Applicable law Subject to the provisions of this Chapter, the provisions of Chapter III …” „… Liability of the Carrier Chapter I Liability in case of Death of, or Personal Injury to, Passengers Article …” „… 26 Basis of liability The carrier shall be liable for the loss or damage resulting from the death of …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 38 Liability in respect of rail-sea traffic S. 1168

„… the minimum lump sum was omitted. Article 38 Liability in respect of rail-sea traffic In rail-sea …” „… the following grounds for exemption from liability in their entirety to those provided for in Article …” „… accordance with Article 24 § 1 of the Convention, the liability regime applicable to that route must be the …”

Christoph Oertel IV. INCOTERMS® 2010 S. 828-897

„… buyer in case of failure to give proper notices. The buyer is further subject to a strict liability for …” „… obligations and exemptions from liability in case of unexpected or unforeseeable events and the consequences …” „… organization they are not law.29 Incoterms® are neither subject to an international treaty. The idea of …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 32 Liability in case of cancellation, late running of trains or missed connections S. 1108-1109

„… passengers by air). Thus, even where a single contract of carriage of passengers was concluded subject to the …” „… CIV UR, the liability rules applicable to the supplementary carriage by a different mode shall apply …” „… relating to liability in case of death of, or personal injury to, passengers shall apply to loss or damage …”

Klaus Ramming Article 19 Calculation of compensation S. 1045-1046

„… regulations or practices. Introduction Once the carrier’s liability for loss of or damage to the goods has …” „… 1 and 19.2 serves as a limitation of liability insofar, as the carrier’s liability is only for the …” „… the carrier’s liability. Article 19.5 confirms that the carrier’s freight claim in principle remains …”

Peter Csoklich Article 11 S. 924-925

„… negligently;5 the liability of the sender is not subject to any limitation as to the amount,6 and includes …” „… some wrongful act or neglect on the part of the carrier. (3) The liability of the carrier for the …” „… . 11 CMR deals with the documents necessary to perform the agreed carriage, the liability of the sender …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 42 Ascertainment of partial loss or damage S. 1170

„… liability, on whatever grounds, may be brought against the carrier only subject to the conditions and …” „… dealt with under the CIM UR and is subject to the respective contracts as well as national law. Article …” „… protect the liability regime in Article 23 CIM UR in a general manner in cases in which unlimited …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 41 Other actions S. 1170

„… liability, on whatever grounds, may be brought against the carrier only subject to the conditions and …” „… dealt with under the CIM UR and is subject to the respective contracts as well as national law. Article …” „… protect the liability regime in Article 23 CIM UR in a general manner in cases in which unlimited …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 53 Signature, Ratification and Entry into Force S. 1243

„… application of limited liability, Article 34 had a justification. Under the Montreal Convention …” „… , however, the junctim between documentary requirements and limits of liability has been abolished, and …” „… . Calculating time limits is a procedural matter subject to the law of the court seized. If German law is …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 52 Definition of Days S. 1243

„… application of limited liability, Article 34 had a justification. Under the Montreal Convention …” „… , however, the junctim between documentary requirements and limits of liability has been abolished, and …” „… . Calculating time limits is a procedural matter subject to the law of the court seized. If German law is …”

Article 29 Additional national provisions S. 1065-1067

„… plant or a authorized party is liable, the carrier is fully exempted from liability under Article 27.2 …” „… liability conventions and is internationally recognized as a unit to calculate limitation amounts. The …” „… actual carrier’s liability. This is either the date of the judgement or any day agreed upon by the …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 37 Right of Recourse against Third Parties S. 1235

„… , save in the case where, by express agreement, the first carrier has assumed liability for the whole …” „… . Each carrier involved in the contract of successive carriage is subject to the Montreal Convention …” „… within the meaning of Article 1. Liability for passenger death or injury or delay can only be claimed …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 24 Review of Limits S. 1222

„… this Convention and subject to paragraph 2 below, the limits of liability prescribed in Articles 21, 22 …” „… at any time thereafter, declare that the limit of liability of the carrier prescribed in Article 21 …” „… Protocol the Poincaré franc was the unit of measurement for expressing liability limits, this unit was …”

Article 36 S. 979

„… in respect of liability for loss, damage or delay may only be brought against the first carrier, the …” „… limits (in a procedural sense) the joint and several liability created through the successive carriage.2 …” „… , subject to the following provisions: (a) The carrier responsible for the loss or damage shall be solely …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 36 Successive Carriage S. 1234

„… year or, in case of grave fault, three years and subject to extension) or of Article 35 of the …” „… with the liability of the carrier, irrespective of who commences the action against the carrier. A …” „… out in paragraph 3 of Article 1, each carrier which accepts passengers, baggage or cargo is subject to …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 28 Advance Payments S. 1224

„… relieve the carrier of liability or to fix a lower limit than that which is laid down in this Convention …” „… contract, which shall remain subject to the provisions of this Convention. Article 26 renders null and void …” „… any provision that tends to relieve the carrier of liability or to fix a limit lower than that …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 27 Freedom to Contract S. 1224

„… relieve the carrier of liability or to fix a lower limit than that which is laid down in this Convention …” „… contract, which shall remain subject to the provisions of this Convention. Article 26 renders null and void …” „… any provision that tends to relieve the carrier of liability or to fix a limit lower than that …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 26 Invalidity of Contractual Provisions S. 1224

„… relieve the carrier of liability or to fix a lower limit than that which is laid down in this Convention …” „… contract, which shall remain subject to the provisions of this Convention. Article 26 renders null and void …” „… any provision that tends to relieve the carrier of liability or to fix a limit lower than that …”

Stefan Kröll Article 35 Disclaimer on Transmission and Translation S. 1494-1495

„… subject to eventually existing restrictions concerning the exclusion of liability. Even if it …” „… should be classified as a limitation of liability clause, that should not lead to its invalidity.3 In …” „… liability in Article 34 should be considered to be fair. The primary addressee of Article 34 is the …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 10.1 (Scope of the Chapter) S. 761-764

„… provisions of the Member States concerning liability for detective products Official Journal [1985] L 210 p …” „… . 29, Art. 11; Council of Europe: Convention on civil liability for damage from resulting activities …” „… liability does not always come to mind to lawyers drafting contracts, e.g. because in common law countries …”

Tobias Eckardt Article 37 S. 979-980

„… in respect of liability for loss, damage or delay may only be brought against the first carrier, the …” „… limits (in a procedural sense) the joint and several liability created through the successive carriage.2 …” „… , subject to the following provisions: (a) The carrier responsible for the loss or damage shall be solely …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 34 Arbitration S. 1232

„… that nation has one of the enumerated connections to the parties.9 Article 34 Arbitration 1. Subject to …” „… any dispute relating to the liability of the carrier under this Convention shall be settled by …” „… cargo, the parties may stipulate that any dispute relating to liability under the Convention shall be …”

Tobias Eckardt Article 41 S. 984-986

„… themselves Art. 40 CMR allows for flexibility here.1 The agreement between the carriers is subject to the …” „… 41 (1) Subject to the provisions of article 40, any stipulation which would directly or indirectly …” „… to a contract subject to Italian law as per Art. 5 para. 1 2nd sentence Rome I-Regulation, the …”

Tobias Eckardt Article 35 S. 978

„… of the statutory liability are set out in the consignment note and are subject to the regulations of …” „… Effect of Art. 34 CMR Through the operation of Art. 34 CMR the contractual liability of the successive …” „… carrier towards its preceding carrier is extended to a statutory liability towards the sender.25 The terms …”

Section 2 Registered luggage S. 1111-1115

„… Article 35 Exclusion of liability The carrier shall not be liable to the passenger for loss or …” „… liability The carrier shall be liable for loss or damage resulting from the total or partial loss of, or …” „… covers damages arising from delay in delivery. This provision largely corresponds to the strict liability …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 50 Insurance S. 1241

„… stipulated under Article 26: Carriers are prohibited from contractually imposing lower liability limits on …” „… maintain adequate insurance covering their liability under this Convention. A carrier may be required by …” „… covering its liability under this Convention. Under Article 50, an insurance coverage requirement was …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 49 Mandatory Application S. 1241

„… stipulated under Article 26: Carriers are prohibited from contractually imposing lower liability limits on …” „… maintain adequate insurance covering their liability under this Convention. A carrier may be required by …” „… covering its liability under this Convention. Under Article 50, an insurance coverage requirement was …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 48 Mutual Relations of Contracting and Actual Carriers S. 1241

„… stipulated under Article 26: Carriers are prohibited from contractually imposing lower liability limits on …” „… maintain adequate insurance covering their liability under this Convention. A carrier may be required by …” „… covering its liability under this Convention. Under Article 50, an insurance coverage requirement was …”

Klaus Ramming Introduction S. 990-992

„… international carriage by rail are today subject to the CIM 1999. Previous conventions on international railway …” „… (CMN) failed, as ultimately no agreement could be reached on the carrier’s liability for error in …” „… Préparatiores into consideration.4 CMNI’s focus is on liability issues (see Chapters II, V and VII). In line …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… , Baden-Baden 2019. Printed in Germany. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Article 2.2.5 529 Liability of agent acting without or exceeding its authority …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935 Chapter IV Liability of the carrier Article 17 …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 32 Compensation for damage S. 1164

„… of or damage to his goods. Article 31 Liability for wastage in transit In respect of goods which, by …” „… reason of their nature, are generally subject to wastage in transit by the sole fact of carriage, the …” „… ; b) one per cent of the mass for dry goods. The limitation of liability provided for in § 1 may not …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 31 Liability for wastage in transit S. 1164

„… of or damage to his goods. Article 31 Liability for wastage in transit In respect of goods which, by …” „… reason of their nature, are generally subject to wastage in transit by the sole fact of carriage, the …” „… ; b) one per cent of the mass for dry goods. The limitation of liability provided for in § 1 may not …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 16 Formalities of Customs, Police or Other Public Authorities S. 1198

„… objections to the carriage of the cargo. The consignor is subject to unlimited liability for damages caused …” „… documents furnished by the consignor. Chapter III Liability of the Carrier and Extent of Compensation for …” „… Convention Chapter III Liability of the Carrier 1198 Wolf Müller-Rostin 2 1 …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 31 Other modes of transport S. 1107

„… transport Subject to § 2, the provisions relating to the liability of the carrier in case of death of, or …” „… clarifies the applicability of the liability rules in the CIV UR to carriage of passengers, which was …” „… Passengers and their Luggage by Sea, 1974 and the Protocol of 2002 to the Convention. Chapter I Liability …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 30 Form and amount of damages in case of death and personal injury S. 1107

„… transport Subject to § 2, the provisions relating to the liability of the carrier in case of death of, or …” „… clarifies the applicability of the liability rules in the CIV UR to carriage of passengers, which was …” „… Passengers and their Luggage by Sea, 1974 and the Protocol of 2002 to the Convention. Chapter I Liability …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 29 Compensation for other bodily harm S. 1107

„… transport Subject to § 2, the provisions relating to the liability of the carrier in case of death of, or …” „… clarifies the applicability of the liability rules in the CIV UR to carriage of passengers, which was …” „… Passengers and their Luggage by Sea, 1974 and the Protocol of 2002 to the Convention. Chapter I Liability …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 55 Claims S. 1120

„… . Assertion of non-contractual claims is not subject to the procedural rules of the CIV UR and may lead to …” „… the person entitled. Article 55 Claims Claims relating to the liability of the carrier in case of …” „… deals with all claims towards carriers, based on their liability in case of death of or injury to …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 54 Ascertainment of partial loss or damage S. 1120

„… . Assertion of non-contractual claims is not subject to the procedural rules of the CIV UR and may lead to …” „… the person entitled. Article 55 Claims Claims relating to the liability of the carrier in case of …” „… deals with all claims towards carriers, based on their liability in case of death of or injury to …”

Gilles Cuniberti Article 29 Priority of competing interests S. 1389-1390

„… guarantee covering the liability referred to in this Article to the extent determined by the Supervisory …” „… Authority, in accordance with the Protocol. Specific Bibliography: Bollweg/Schnell, ‘Liability of the …” „… it: (a) subject to an interest registered at the time of its acquisition of that interest; and (b …”

Klaus Ramming Article 16 Liability for loss S. 1035-1039

„… CMNI liability regime by ordering that liability for shore damage is subject to the law of the state …” „… document must be signed by or on behalf of the carrier (see Article 11.2). II. Liability for costs Article …” „… given. III. Liability for freight Finally, Article 15 (d) clarifies that in case the goods are …”

Article 28 Unit of account S. 1065

„… plant or a authorized party is liable, the carrier is fully exempted from liability under Article 27.2 …” „… liability conventions and is internationally recognized as a unit to calculate limitation amounts. The …” „… actual carrier’s liability. This is either the date of the judgement or any day agreed upon by the …”

Peter Csoklich Article 7 S. 916-917

„… to expressly mention that the carriage is subject to the CMR (“paramount clause”). The principal …” „… value of the goods and/or of the special interest in delivery lead to the increase of the liability of …” „… validity or existence of the contract of carriage (see → Art. 4 CMR). II. Liability of the sender With the …”

Stefan Kröll Article 19 Transport Document Covering at Least Two Different Modes of Transport S. 1469-1473

„… reason for that exclusion is that charterers are subject to a different liability regime which is not …” „… examined. vi. contain no indication that it is subject to a charter party. b. For the purpose of this …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 f) Not subject to a charter party …”

Tobias Eckardt Article 24 S. 955

„… liability may not be increased.7 It is subject of dispute, whether the agreement on the payment of the …” „… limits of liability for losses, covered by Art. 23 para. 3 CMR, to be determined by agreement1 reached …” „… the cargo has no consequence for the liability under Art. 23 para. 4 and 5 CMR.5 The value must be …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 7.1.6 (Exemption clauses) S. 637-640

„… (e.g. under Arts. 7.4.1 et seq.) with respect to the failure to perform which is subject to the notice …” „… which limits or excludes one party’s liability for non-performance or which permits one party to render …” „… way to excuse non-performance under Art. 7.4.1 and thereby to avoid a liability for damages under a …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 1 Scope of Application S. 1184-1187

„… Regulations and IATA Intercarrier Agreements all lifting the liability ceilings established under the Warsaw …” „… Warsaw Convention was drawn up in the early days of commercial aviation, when high liability awards would …” „… compensation based on the principle of restitution”. To this end the Convention features an absolute liability …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 28 Presumption of loss or damage in case of reconsignment S. 1161

„… with Article 40 of the CIM UR, in respect of the entire route, subject to his recourse against the …” „… Rules has been reconsigned subject to these same Rules and partial loss or damage has been ascertained …” „… contract of carriage prior to the reconsignment was not subject to these Uniform Rules, if these Rules …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 11 Cancellation and late running of trains. Missed connections S. 1095

„… , and are subject to the national law. Article 10 Completion of administrative formalities The passenger …” „… with respect to objects and animals being carried along with the passenger. The passenger’s liability …” „… against the carrier in due manner. For carrier’s liability in the case of cancellation or delay of a train …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 10 Completion of administrative formalities S. 1095

„… , and are subject to the national law. Article 10 Completion of administrative formalities The passenger …” „… with respect to objects and animals being carried along with the passenger. The passenger’s liability …” „… against the carrier in due manner. For carrier’s liability in the case of cancellation or delay of a train …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 17 Luggage registration voucher S. 1099

„… the validity of the agreement on carriage of registered luggage. Subject to evidence to the contrary …” „… carriers; b) a statement that the carriage is subject, notwithstanding any clause to the contrary, to these …” „… registration voucher. Indication of the carriers is important for the issue of liability and in light of …”

Klaus Ramming Article 3 Taking over, carriage and delivery of the goods S. 1003-1006

„… remain subject to maritime law. However, whether the relevant document is a maritime Bill of Lading …” „… issue whether the underlying carriage subject to the Bill of Lading is on inland waterways or maritime …” „… sentence 1 is excluded. That right is further subject to Article 3.4. The parties may agree, that the …”

Tobias Eckardt Article 25 S. 955-956

„… liability may not be increased.7 It is subject of dispute, whether the agreement on the payment of the …” „… limits of liability for losses, covered by Art. 23 para. 3 CMR, to be determined by agreement1 reached …” „… the cargo has no consequence for the liability under Art. 23 para. 4 and 5 CMR.5 The value must be …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 47 Invalidity of Contractual Provisions S. 1240

„… this provision does not make much sense, since liability is in most cases unlimited anyway. Article 45 …” „… the actual carrier of liability under this Chapter or to fix a lower limit than that which is …” „… involve the nullity of the whole contract, which shall remain subject to the provisions of this Chapter. 1 …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 46 Additional Jurisdiction S. 1240

„… this provision does not make much sense, since liability is in most cases unlimited anyway. Article 45 …” „… the actual carrier of liability under this Chapter or to fix a lower limit than that which is …” „… involve the nullity of the whole contract, which shall remain subject to the provisions of this Chapter. 1 …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 45 Addressee of Claims S. 1240

„… this provision does not make much sense, since liability is in most cases unlimited anyway. Article 45 …” „… the actual carrier of liability under this Chapter or to fix a lower limit than that which is …” „… involve the nullity of the whole contract, which shall remain subject to the provisions of this Chapter. 1 …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 2 Carriage Performed by State and Carriage of Postal Items S. 1188

„… waybill.11 Domestic carriage is thus not subject to the Montreal Convention unless the domestic leg is …” „… Regulation (EC) No. 889/2002, thereby applying a uniform liability regime for all carriage performed by …” „… carriage (see → Art. 57). The Convention does not apply to carriage of postal items. Liability of the …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 3.1.2 (Validity of mere agreement) S. 536

„… ‘mere agreement’ of the parties suffices to conclude a contract3 (subject to proper ‘formation’, Arts …” „… provide e.g. for direct liability odf the putative shareholder (e.g. of a joint venture ‘company’) or for …” „… indirect liability. 5 Vogenauer/Huber Art. 3.1.1. no. 6. 1 Morán Bovio/Herrera Art. 3.2, no. 1, p. 176. 2 …”

Peter Csoklich Article 4 S. 911

„… III. Scope of employment Art. 3 CMR restricts the vicarious liability of the carrier for all …” „… 14 or migrants.15 Courts rarely deny the liability of the carrier, such as it was done with respect …” „… carriage which shall remain subject to the provisions of this Convention. I. Background → Art. 4-9 CMR …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 35 Limitation of Actions S. 1233

„… considered to be an exclusion (condition precedent) period and not a limitation period and not subject to …” „… carrier’s servants and agents are also subject to the two-year time limitation because Article 30 stipulates …” „… that the same conditions and limits of liability applying in respect of the carrier itself shall apply …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 11.1.10 (Extent of contributory claim) S. 803-805

„… performing to the obligee in kind (e.g. by delivering goods or construction work), subject to contract (Arts …” „… under Art. 11.1.10 are subject to its own independent limitation period which commences when the obligor …” „… Options The co-obligors are free to adapt their system of joint and several liability in their internal …”

Christoph Brunner, Michael Schifferli Article 41 CISG S. 214-219

„… third party, unless the buyer agreed to take the goods subject to that right or claim. However, if such …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 II. Requirements for liability …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 III. Exclusion of liability …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 10.3 (Modification of limitation periods by the parties) S. 768-770

„… liability of the other party can be obtained by extending warranties (guarantees)14 to future performance …” „… time limits. For not allowing this, para. 2 has been subject to severe criticism,19 especially (i) lit …” „… business maximum liability periods of two years are frequent practice except for tax-related warranty …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 2.1.15 (Negotiations in bad faith) S. 515-516

„… negotiations.1 One extreme is found in England (where there is virtually no pre-contractual liability),2 the …” „… systems do not have a pre-contractual liability until a contract is made, see Farnsworth, E Allan …” „… , Precontractual Liability and Preliminary Agreements: Fair Dealing and Failed Negotiations, 87 Columbia Law …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 4 Derogations S. 1133

„… substitute carriers in the sense of → Art. 27 of the CIM UR. This would lead to their independent liability …” „… Channel Tunnel is not subject to the CIM UR 1980. Registration of lines will not be required. Consequently …” „… cross the territory of another State except in transit are not subject to the CIM UR in accordance with …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 5 Mandatory law S. 1089

„… notified to the OTIF General Secretariat. Subject to other provisions of public international law, two or …” „… more Member States may set between themselves conditions under which carriers are subject to the …” „… assume a liability greater and obligations more burdensome than those provided for in these Uniform Rules …”

Peter Mankowski Article 5 S. 431-432

„… Art. 5 LPC Peter Mankowski 431 9 10 11 12 1 subject to specific rules, and it would not necessarily be …” „… periods of extinction of actions as contained in Art. VI Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear …” „… upon judgement or awards made in legal proceedings are subject to their own time limits under national …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 56 Carriers against whom an action may be brought S. 1121

„… entitled to submit claims – this is subject to national law. The active legitimation differ in the case of …” „… whom an action may be brought An action based on the liability of the carrier in case of death of, or …” „… provisions of → Art. 45 § 6 of the CIM UR. Subject to § 4 other actions brought by passengers based on the …”

Klaus Ramming Article 6 Obligations of the shipper S. 1010-1012

„… generally recognized in inland navigation. 4. Subject to the obligations to be borne by the carrier, the …” „… kilogram limitation would be inapplicable and the respective cap of the carrier’s liability is determined …” „… carriage of dangerous or polluting goods. As to the shipper’s liability for missing, inaccurate or …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 7.1.7 (Force majeure) S. 641-645

„… and subject to contract (Art. 1.5),2 para. 1 provides for a general exclusion of liability (Art …” „… consequences also of gross negligence. In the example of a law firm limiting its liability it is common …” „… practice in many parts of the world to negotiate in exchange a higher cap of liability which is covered by …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 2.2.7 (Conflict of interests) S. 531

„… vides for a regime of strict liability of the agent owing full compensation3 (Art. 7.4.1) to the …” „… knew or ought to have known, the principal may avoid the contract. The right to avoid is subject to …” „… , multiple agency)2 and need to be made transparent3 (Art. 1.7). Subject to possibly applicable mandatory law …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 2.2.5 (Agent acting without or exceeding its authority) S. 529

„… . A. Principle: No Direct Legal Consequence for the Principal Subject to possibly applicable …” „… inconsistent behaviour (Art. 1.8),5 para. 2 states an exception. The exemption of the principal from liability …” „… . Vogenauer/Krebs Art. 2.2.2 no. 9. 8 Subject to claims of the principal against the agent which are beyond the …”

Peter Mankowski Article 6 CISG S. 33-36

„… that in particular the producer’s product liability for defective goods relates to the same case as the …” „… seller’s liability. Unifying tort law was beyond the CISG’s political plan. The differences between the two …” „… moral or Schmerzensgeld. Second, Art. 6 CISG permits to derogate liability without establishing a …”

Lisa Spagnolo Article 23 CISG S. 114-115

„… techniques. Moreover, the issue is so closely related to the CISG’s subject matter that such an approach …” „… subject to conditions precedent or conditions subsequent.13 Parties have autonomy to agree upon the moment …” „… effective upon occurrence of the event that is the subject of the condition subsequent. These scenarios …”

Peter Csoklich Article 12 S. 926-928

„… Thus follows that the maximum amount of the liability of the carrier corresponds to the liability …” „… exercise of the right of disposal shall be subject to the following conditions: (a) That the sender or, in …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 III. Liability of the carrier …”

Petra Butler Introduction to Articles 45–65 CISG S. 232-237

„… on anticipatory breach (Articles 71-73), interest (Article 78),7 exemption of liability (Articles …” „… Kiralfy, ‘Absolute Liability in Contract’ 1 (1980) The Journal of Legal History, 1. 16 How embedded ‘fault …” „… this presumption if it wants to avoid liability. The threshold the party has to meet is high, albeit …”

Lisa Spagnolo Article 14 CISG S. 58-69

„… obligation’, or ‘subject to contract’.46 Documents such as letters of intent, memoranda of understanding, and …” „… obligation to enter a contract, binding agreements imposing liability for breaking negotiations, or a binding …” „… under the CISG, given the majority position that it does not deal with pre-contractual liability.47 36 …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 17 Delivery S. 1148-1149

„… therefore one of the decisive factors regarding liability for delay in the event that the transit period is …” „… customs or octroi authorities at their premises or warehouses, when these are not subject to the carrier’s …” „… contract of carriage and, consequently, to the accepted liability for the goods. The consignment note …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 6.2.1 (Contract to be observed) S. 620-621

„… . 7.1.7(1).9 If the obligor did not take all required measures with the due care (→ Art. 6.1.15(1); subject to …” „… , that party is nevertheless bound to perform its obligations subject to the following provisions on …” „… , para. 2) an innovative4 general (default) concept (which may be subject to more specific contractual …”

Christoph Brunner, Michael Schifferli Article 40 CISG S. 212-213

„… originally packed goods is subject to debate. Where an intermediary resells originally packaged goods, his …” „… event, even if the buyer negligently misjudges the defect and liability in principle would be exempt …” „… defect to the buyer before the contract was signed, liability is excluded under Art. 35(1) (implied …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 6.1.7 (Payment by cheque or other instrument) S. 606-607

„… discussion about ‘damages’ under Art. 7.4.1). The same applies in case of assignment which (subject to …” „… card-issuing company’s payment obligation in place of the obligor’s liability),4 the obligor (Art. 1.11) may …” „… );8 with due regard to usages (Art. 1.9(2))9 and subject to Art. 1.7 (e.g. no payment by means which …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Introduction S. 1076-1083

„… Commission, Leaflet on COTIF/CIV-PRR – SMPS liability regimes (Bern, 2014); Malcom A. Clark, Transport by …” „… 3 4 5 roads (in domestic carriage) are subject to the Uniform Railway Law of COTIF 1999 agreed upon …” „… domestic policies and subject such policies to the minimum standards established on the international level …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 2.1.19 (Contracting under standard terms) S. 520-521

„… parties use standard terms in concluding a contract, the general rules on formation apply, subject to …” „… certain extreme case scenarios may step in, e.g. on exemption clauses such as a limitiation of liability …” „… limitation of liability) and thereby to reach an ‘individual agreement’ should be understood in a broad sense …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 33 Jurisdiction S. 1230-1231

„… 1983, 167. 1 Dempsey/Milde, 217. Art. 33 Montreal Convention Chapter III Liability of the Carrier …” „… scholars argue that claims based on Article 10 or Article 12 should not be subject to Article 33 because …” „… contract of carriage and as such are subject to Article 33. Since the wording of Article 33 contains no …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Introduction to the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (“PICC”) S. 462-476

„… , Pre-contractual liability, The Brussels Jurisdiction Convention and... the UNIDROIT Principles (Case 334/00 …” „… Allan, Precontractual Liability and Preliminary Agreements: Fair Dealing and Failed Negotiations, 87 …” „… obligor (Art. 11.1.4) or a default rule regarding possible limitation of liability towards third party …”

Raimond Emde Article 15 S. 1284-1285

„… subject to a written form requirement (for example in German law, the so-called del credere liability, cf …” „… indefinite period, subject to the proviso that the earlier fixed period must be taken into account in the …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Introduction S. 625-626

„… , subject to two exceptions: (i) force majeure (Art. 7.1.7), i.e. a concept of exoneration in certain …” „… . 1.7-1.8). Art. 7.2.5 provides an explicit example.7 The remedies are subject to limitation periods …” „… minimising clauses such as full exemption clauses or limitation of liability clauses (which, in the language …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 6.1.1 (Time of performance) S. 596-597

„… helpful to have such joint default rules based on international compromise. The rules are all subject to …” „… from the contract’.19 These determinations of time are subject to (i) the application of Art. 1.12, (ii …” „… manoeuvre to zero; between the risk of rejection under Art. 6.1.5 in case of early performance and liability …”

Klaus Ramming Article 2 Scope of application S. 1000-1002

„… liability regime would exclude such scenarios. Therefore, CMNI would remain applicable. Packed goods The …” „… etc. are part of the goods may become relevant, inter alia, when it comes to determine the liability …” „… regular mail. IX. “Applicable law” (Article 1 No. 9) If a contract of carriage is, in principle, subject …”

Peter Mankowski Article 4 CISG S. 28-30

„… that the 2nd sentence is not exhaustive and conclusive. The second sentence is made subject to the …” „… to escape liability incurred under the CISG by avoiding the contract or claiming the contract to be …” „… acquisition or the assumption of joint liability, either.16 But this 2. 10 See only OGH ZfRV 1996, 248, 251 …”

Peter Csoklich Article 16 S. 935-937

„… , entrust them to a third party, and in that case he shall not be under any liability except for the …” „… his liability for loss and damage of the goods, is governed by the applicable national law.10 If the …” „… subject to the applicable law and contractual arrangements between the parties concerned.14 From Art. 16 …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 22 Consequences of circumstances preventing carriage and delivery S. 1154

„… Article 21 of the CIM is subject to general liability provisions in Article 23 et seqq. of the CIM UR.1 …”

Tim W. Dornis Article 79 CISG S. 367-376

„… the whole or a part of the contract, that party is exempt from liability only if: (a) he is exempt …” „… ) Liability for third persons …” „… )) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3. No liability for damages (Article 79(5 …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 8 Documentation for Multiple Packages S. 1192

„… consignor and at the same time stresses that it does not create any duty, obligation or liability for the …” „… deemed, subject to proof to the contrary, to have done so on behalf of the consignor. The air waybill, if …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 7 Description of Air Waybill S. 1192

„… consignor and at the same time stresses that it does not create any duty, obligation or liability for the …” „… deemed, subject to proof to the contrary, to have done so on behalf of the consignor. The air waybill, if …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 60 Limitation of actions S. 1124

„… actions The period of limitation of actions for damages based on the liability of the carrier in case of …” „… the death of the passenger, subject to a maximum of five years from the day after the accident. Art …”

Erik Evtimov, Tetyana Payosova Article 59 Extinction of right of action arising from carriage of luggage S. 1124

„… actions The period of limitation of actions for damages based on the liability of the carrier in case of …” „… the death of the passenger, subject to a maximum of five years from the day after the accident. Art …”

Stefan Kröll Article 38 Transferable Credits S. 1499-1503

„… charges incurred are the liability of another part, such as the beneficiary or the applicant. Thus, if the …” „… the liability for transfer charges (c), permit partial but not successive transfers and regulate …” „… mean that they have agreed to a transfer. Consent may also be made subject to conditions,6 in …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 38 Combined Carriage S. 1236

„… . However, since the Montreal Convention stipulates an objective liability of the carrier with the result …” „… partly by any other mode of carriage, the provisions of this Convention shall, subject to paragraph 4 of …”

Wolf Müller-Rostin Article 12 Right of Disposition of Cargo S. 1195

„… , in other documents or correspondence. Article 12 Right of Disposition of Cargo 1. Subject to its …” „… liability to carry out all its obligations under the contract of carriage, the consignor has the right to …”

Raimond Emde Article 14 S. 1284

„… subject to a written form requirement (for example in German law, the so-called del credere liability, cf …”

Erik Evtimov, Tatyana Payosova Article 11 Examination S. 1142

„… subject to conditions have not been complied with, the result of the examination must be entered in the …” „… against the goods, if they have not been paid immediately. In light of potential liability of the carrier …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 9.2.6 (Third party performance) S. 747

„… damages) for its obligations.3 By accepting this consequence (and subject to the limits discussed below at …” „… obligee (which, under Arts. 9.2.5(2) and (3), may also lead to an ongoing liability towards the obligee …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 9.3.4 (Advance consent of the other party) S. 755

„… entire contract is subject to a ‘choice of UNIDROIT Principles-clause’ or because solely the clause of …” „… the investor (i.e. the obligee of the services) to a German limited liability company of its choice to …”

Petra Butler Article 46 CISG S. 239-242

„… avoidance (Article 81(2)) leads to liability under Article 74.6 Importantly, Article 45(2) states that …” „… 39.4 Even though examination of the goods is subject to domestic law,5 a German Court has decided it is …” „… reasonable time thereafter. Fundamental breach referred to in Article 46(2) is subject to the requirements …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 11.1.8 (Effect of judgment) S. 800-801

„… judgment) (1) A decision by a court as to the liability to the obligee of one joint and several obligor …” „… on such law suit,10 subject to a possible defence under para. 2 in case of a law suit against the …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 10.4 (New limitation period by acknowledgement) S. 771-772

„… construed as a waiver to assert the limitation of liability as a defence6 pursuant to Art. 10.9(2 …” „… acknowledgements.9 B. Form of Acknowledgement The acknowledgement is free of any form (Art. 1.2),10 subject to …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 3.2.2 (Relevant mistake) S. 540-541

„… , quality and quantity of the goods, place and time of delivery, extent of one party's liability are usually …” „… the circumstances. C. Legal Consequences Subject to passing the other tests of the test scheme set …”

Stefan Kröll Article 1 Application of UCP S. 1420-1421

„… the banks liability (→ Art. 34-37) and rules on the transfer of credits (→ Art. 38) and the assignment …” „… ) when the text of the credit expressly indicates that it is subject to these rules. They are binding on …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 11.2.2 (Effects of joint and several claims) S. 818-819

„… liability as the default rule in case of doubt). 57 Vogenauer/Meier Art. 11.2.1 no. 1; see further no. 6 …” „… the claiming obligee, Art. 11.2.2 focuses on the performing obligor and suggests thereby, subject to …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 11.1.7 (Effect of expiration or suspension of limitation period) S. 798-799

„… , which is consistent both with the security function of joint and several liability6 and with Art. 10:110 …” „… subject to its own independent limitation period (→ Art. 11.1.10 no. 6 at B.5). The scenario covered by …”

Article 25 CISG S. 130-142

„… Liability in the CISG’ (2007) 21(2) Temple International & Comparative Law Journal 309; Schroeter, Art. 14 …” „… virtue of Art. 7(1) CISG, the concept of “fundamental breach” is subject to an autonomous interpretation …” „… duties are also subject to the CISG regime due to an implied agreement of the parties. This is usually …”

Christoph Brunner, Michael Schifferli Article 43 CISG S. 226-228

„… delivered, there is no absolute time limit to bring liability claims against the seller under Arts 42 or …” „… goods that may be encumbered and subsequently be subject to third party claims), it is conceivable that …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 7.4.2 (Full compensation) S. 676-678

„… principles relating to the time before contract conclusion:7 (i) pre-contractual liability pursuant to Art …” „… ;13 but, subject to proof,14 it may include harm on honour or reputation15 which can embrace …”

Marco Torsello Article 32 CISG S. 175-180

„… The appropriate means and effects of the notice of consignment are subject to Article 27 CISG, to the …” „… international sale of goods subject to D-clauses in accordance with the ICC Incoterms, where the costs and risk …” „… the freight costs and carrier’s liability. Finally, the seller must make contracts for carriage to the …”

Tobias Eckardt Article 31 S. 968-971

„… also applies in cases of unlimited liability as per Art. 29 CMR.48 As the loss of right follows de jure …” „… Arbitral awards are, however, excluded since their recognition and enforcement is subject to the more …”

Raimond Emde Introduction S. 1247-1264

„… configuration of the Directive, also leading to the adoption, alongside the Directive, of the Product Liability …” „… claims, the place of jurisdiction and the del credere liability of the commercial agent,21 which is …” „… which may well be subject to changes over time in respect of the political, economic and ecological …”

Lisa Spagnolo Article 19 CISG S. 93-101

„… and quantity of the goods, place and time of delivery, extent of one party’s liability to the other or …” „… place of delivery,25 price, or method or substance of payment,26 limitations or exclusions of liability …” „… effectively subject to a condition that no objection ensues.65 The burden of proof to demonstrate an objection …”

Peter Mankowski Article 1 CISG S. 11-19

„… modify, alter or avoid the original sales contracts are subject to the CISG as → Art. 29 CISG clearly …” „… preferred stating whether the goods at stake in their majority are goods or not.25 A successor’s liability …” „… subjects an arbitral instance to the PIL of the State where it has its seat, including (1) (b). It conforms …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Preamble (Purpose of the Principles) S. 477-483

„… ) general contractual matters like form, contractual liability or good faith.34 The most prominent example …” „… subject that might enlighten the Court on the suitable orientation of the case law in a civil law system …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845276564

Norbert Pelzer - Bausteine eines globalen Atomrechtsregimes

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Norbert Pelzer (ed.)

Bausteine eines globalen Atomrechtsregimes

2007

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Danielle Degueuse New French Legislation: Liability, Safety, Information S. 145-161

„… million euros). – Subject to the provisions of article 9.2, the maximum amount of the operator’s liability …” „… Legislation: Liability, Safety, Information Introduction The new law n° 2006-686 of the 13 June 2006 on …” „… radioactive substances legal regime and at last, the modification of the law on third party liability. Of …”

Alexander Matveev Nuclear Liability Law in the Russian Federation S. 161-185

„… . Generally, as nothing more than a stock holder it would not be subject to liability for damage caused by …” „… Office and other International Organisations in Geneva Nuclear Liability Law in the Russian Federation …” „… economic activity. As far as civil liability for nuclear damage is concerned, retrospectively it is …”

Takahiro Yamazaki Japan’s Position Regarding Adherence to the International Nuclear Liability Conventions S. 185-209

„… ).Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc. Conference Report on Subjects Concerning the Nuclear Liability System …” „… Main Subjects Concerning the Nuclear Liability System in Japan, 103 JELI (2005). Japan Law Institute …” „… Adherence to the International Nuclear Liability Conventions 1. Introduction 1.1 Foreword Nowadays, with …”

Patrick Reyners Fifty Years Striving for a Global Nuclear Law Regime – What Did We Gain? S. 43-55

„… reading the subject of the presentation assigned to me for this Session on International Law and the Use …” „… nuclear liability.8 7 For further details on this period, see: The Regulation of Nuclear Trade …” „… nuclear law dealing with safety and liability; the other reason being the new concern for nuclear …”

Sebastiaan Reitsma Revised Nuclear Liability – A Challenge for Insurers S. 217-225

„… 217 Sebastiaan M.S. Reitsma Swiss Nuclear Insurance Pool, Zürich Revised Nuclear Liability: A …” „… nuclear installation is the main objective of international nuclear liability conventions. As from the …” „… introduction of the Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy in 1960 and the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-8

„… Wiedergabe und der Übersetzung, vorbehalten. Gedruckt auf alterungsbeständigem Papier. This work is subject …” „… für nukleare Schäden Comparative Aspects of Nuclear Liability Law Vorsitz/Chair: Julia Schwartz …” „… Sekretär/Secretary: Simon Oehlmann Status and Prospects of the Canadian Nuclear Liability Law David McCauley/Jacques …”

Li Wallén New and Proven Concepts of the Swedish Nuclear Liability Law S. 209-217

„… Concepts of the Swedish Nuclear Liability Law 1. The Starting Point for a Revised Swedish Nuclear …” „… Liability Legislation This presentation is based upon a review of the regulations given in Swedish law on …” „… liability for damage caused by radiological accidents which has been conducted by a special expert …”

Marc Beyens Grußansprache des Präsidenten der AIDN/INLA S. 31-35

„… visible: While traditional subjects such as nuclear safety, radiation protection, liability or waste …” „… management are adequately covered by our Association, there are emerging or increasingly important subjects …” „… subject of a debate at the time of the General Assembly of October 2007. Finally, I thank the organisers …”

Claire Harvey The UK Regime of the Final Disposal of Radioactive Waste S. 107-129

„… • Current and predicted (subject to assessment) long lived low level waste and Intermediate Level Waste …” „… thresholds below which such wastes need not be subject to specific regulatory controls. This provision is …” „… between the NDA and the nuclear regulators. The NDA now has liability for the Historic Wastes. • The NDA …”

Alexander Spinczyk-Rauch Grußansprache für das Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit S. 25-31

„… visible: While traditional subjects such as nuclear safety, radiation protection, liability or waste …” „… management are adequately covered by our Association, there are emerging or increasingly important subjects …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845205243

Hans-W. Micklitz, Thomas Roethe - Produktsicherheit und Marktüberwachung im Ostseeraum

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Hans-W. Micklitz, Thomas Roethe

Produktsicherheit und Marktüberwachung im Ostseeraum

Series: Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Europäisches Wirtschafts- und Verbraucherrecht e.V.

Volume 26 2008

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Schweden S. 191-209

„… liability. The information shall be provided by an authority. When a private subject forwards authority …” „… ? ................... 200 IV. State liability …” „… .................................................................................................................. 201 1. Liability in case of an illegal warning …”

Norwegen S. 149-171

„… .......................................................... 158 III. State liability …” „… .................................................................................................................. 160 1. Liability in case of an illegal warning (a warning which after its issuance turned out to be …” „… ........................................................................................ 165 e) Limitations on liability …”

Dänemark S. 65-79

„… rule subject to the same tort liability as private individuals, companies and organisations. The basis …” „… with respect to State liability has been subject to many discussions in Danish legal theory and is …” „… interest/right for the injured citizen or company. If not, the public authority will not be subject to liability …”

Finnland S. 93-115

„… entrepreneur subject to the application of product safety measures has a liability towards the consumers in …” „… .................................... 107 III. State liability …” „… ................................................................................................................ 107 1. Liability in case of illegal warning …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845206943

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