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Petr Kratochvíl, Elsa Tulmets - Constructivism and Rationalism in EU External Relations

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Petr Kratochvíl, Elsa Tulmets

Constructivism and Rationalism in EU External Relations

2010

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The European Parliament S. 127-136

„… European Parliament In the field of the EU´s foreign policy, the role of the European Parliament is limited …” „… have focused on the European Parliament’s resolutions as well as on the three main reports published …” „… between 2003 and 2009 by the European Parliament on the ENP, which comprise opinions from the various EP …”

Documents and press releases S. 178-187

„… European Council and Parliament, Black Sea Synergy – A New Regional Cooperation Initiative, COM (2007) 160 …” „… . European Parliament, Report on 'Wider Europe – Neighbourhood: A New Framework for …” „… . European Parliament, Draft Report on the European Neighbourhood Policy, PE 357.504v01-00, PROV 2004/2166 …”

The European Commission S. 119-127

„… analysis were the Communications to the Council and to the European Parliament as well as the declarations …” „… European Parliament and by some EU member states. The use of rhetorical action and the increased …” „… Parliament In the field of the EU´s foreign policy, the role of the European Parliament is limited by the EU …”

The Council S. 111-119

„… , the Parliament and the ENP Various European institutions participated in the creation of the policy …” „… level, and the European Commission. As usual in the EU´s external policies, the European Parliament has …” „… institutions and only afterwards proceed to the European Parliament. 1.1 The Council The level of the Council …”

Research design S. 47-52

„… . The third institution we included is the European Parliament. While there is no doubt that its …” „… consulted members of parliament who were responsible for European integration. In the case of EU …” „… on the Secretariat of the Council, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the European Parliament and …”

Discourse analysis S. 99-105

„… , Konstantin Zaldastanishvili, identified as the two main contributions of the EU (and the European Parliament …” „… representative of the European Commission: “Mr. Juul informed the Parliamentary Cooperation Committee that the …” „… . Years 1990s-2004 2005-present Main features “European perspective” and “European standards” as the main …”

– The list of interviews S. 174-176

„… Foreign Affairs Committee Parliament Georgia June 2009 17 European Department Ministry of Foreign Affairs …” „… European Parliament Belgium October 2008 30 Cabinet of Commissioner Benita Ferrero-Waldner, Political …” „… 1 Chief Advisor of the Committee for European Integration Verkhovna Rada Ukraine November 2008 2 …”

Speeches S. 187-192

„… European Parliament, on the Middle East and on Georgia”, Speech/274/04, Brussels, 13 October 2004a Solana …” „… , Javier, “Address before the Committee for Foreign Relations of the European Parliament”, Speech/317/04 …” „… Republic of Moldova, in front of the members of the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the European Parliament …”

Conclusion S. 165-173

„… Council European Parliament France Germany …” „… contradict the position of the European Commission. Some findings are truly surprising in this respect. The …” „… between the EU and its neighbours 1990s 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 European Commission …”

Germany S. 136-146

„… 136 The European Parliament: Summarising table Phase 1. 2. 3. Years 2002-2004 2004-2007 2007 …” „… ENP through the three main institutions – the Council, the Commission and the European Parliament …” „… , national positions also started to influence the debates in the European Parliament. However, member states …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-6

„… The European Parliament 127 a) Discourse analysis 127 b) Elite interviews 134 2. Three …” „… European Neighbourhood PolicyNomos1. Edition 2010© Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 2010. Printed in …” „… Relations: The European Neighbourhood Policy)5 Contents List of Abbreviations 7 Introductions 9 Chapter …”

Discourse analysis S. 92-96

„… European Parliament, President Voronin claimed that Moldova is: “a part of Europe and it were only the …” „… Committee on Foreign Affairs of the European Parliament and the members of the Delegation for Cooperation …” „… vocal and ambitious regarding European integration as Ukraine. Next to the long-lasting political …”

List of Abbreviations S. 7-8

„… ENPI European Neighbourhood Policy Instrument EP European Parliament EU European Union EUBAM …” „… 7 List of Abbreviations CFSP Common Foreign and Security Policy COEST Council of the European …” „… General DG RELEX Directorate General External Relations EC European Community EIDHR European Initiative …”

A policy design focused on bilateral relations S. 61-69

„… Communities, Communication to the Council and the Parliament on Strengthening the European Neighbourhood …” „… the EU. The Helsinki European Council in 1999 changed tack in the Eastern enlargement process as it …” „… : The EU Way, Chaillot Paper, 90, Institute for Security Studies of the European Union, 2006 …”

The ENP and EU sub-regional policies S. 69-70

„… . We have so far not mentioned the role of the European Parliament, which also debated the creation of …” „… with the EU’s propositions. 133 Interview at DG Relex, 2008. European Commission, (2006d), op. cit …” „… .. 134 Commission of the European Communities, (2006d) and (2007b), op. cit. 135 Commission of the …”

The difficulties to analyse a policy not implemented yet S. 57-58

„… secretariat, the Commission and the European Parliament. For instance, although the policy was officially …” „… instrument, the European Neighbourhood Policy Instrument (ENPI), which in 2007 replaced both TACIS (for the …” „… Warwick, J., (eds.), (2007), op. cit.. See also the numerous studies issued by the Centre for European …”

The difficulties to bridge geographical expertise S. 53-57

„… – between the Council’s secretariat, the Commission and the European Parliament. For instance, although the …” „… 53 Chapter II The origins of the ENP and its subsequent developments The European Neighbourhood …” „… implemented only recently. Attention paid to the policy has 76 Commission of the European Communities …”

Interviews S. 86-92

„… the European Parliament) and the group of the frequently mentioned “friends of Ukraine”: Poland, the …” „… undemocratic countries like Belarus or non-European partner countries in Northern Africa.171 Others argued …” „… exclusively to the role of the European Commission and the general pressure of the Union and its members, even …”

Introductions S. 9-14

„… European Parliament). It may seem strange that we start with the partner countries and only then move on to …” „… 9 Introduction The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) is a fascinating object of study. Although …” „… interest from scholars dealing with European integration, and, in particular, EU external relations (for a …”

Poland S. 155-164

„… arguments only rarely made connections between the European identity of the partner countries and their …” „… the European choice of this country, which is so important for stability and security in the eastern …” „… part of the continent. It is also in its interest to appreciate gearing longterm European policy …”

Discourse analysis S. 71-86

„… European Union consists of very diverse countries – from great powers like Russia to small and fragile …” „… more concrete recognition of her European aspirations – is probably the most immediate challenge for …” „… express a wish to enter the European Union. The three major consequences of Russia´s absence from the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845226507

Kristina Charrad - Participants or Observers in European Governance?

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Kristina Charrad

Participants or Observers in European Governance?

Series: International Civil Society

Volume 4 2010

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European Parliament S. 67-68

„… 2006). 3.3.2. European Parliament The European Parliament is the second main target institution on the …” „… European level. The majority of the Commission’s proposals is forwarded to the European Parliament within …” „… have no opportunity at all (cf. Guéguen 2006: 121). Within the European Parliament, lobbyists tend to …”

Accreditation and transparency S. 60-65

„… European Parliament was the first European institution to discuss lobbying regulation options, with the …” „… first hearing taking place already in January 1992. In May 1997, the European Parliament introduced the …” „… ’ (Fischer 2005: 58). Toward this end, 18 Article 3 of the Annex IX to the European Parliament’s Rules of …”

Stakeholders and their interests S. 102-107

„… under the co-decision procedure, which gives the European Parliament the power to adopt legislation …” „… before any proposal can become law. The proposal faced strong opposition in the European Parliament …” „… Economic and Social Committee 2005). In its first reading, the European Parliament narrowed the focus of …”

How many lobbyists really work in Brussels? S. 57-60

„… Parliament, member of EESC, adviser and consultant in European public affairs, and lecturer at lobbying …” „… choose to be listed, and the European Parliament’s registry lists all persons allowed entrance to the EP …” „… European Parliament was the first European institution to discuss lobbying regulation options, with the …”

European Commission S. 65-67

„… European Council, or trying to persuade the country’s Members of European Parliament to argue in a …” „… particular way in the European Parliament. Closely working with the respective country’s Permanent …” „… 2006). 3.3.2. European Parliament The European Parliament is the second main target institution on the …”

Interest intermediation systems in the Visegrád countries S. 86-88

„… they provide a source of legitimacy complementary to the parliament and rather weak political parties …” „… . In Poland, lobbyists that are active in Polish Parliament have to register according to the law of 7 …” „… relations or media firms28. To participate in open consultations, according to the Regulation of Parliament …”

The normative perspective: Legitimacy and interest groups S. 27-31

„… European Parliament has less influence5 on the legislative process than any national parliament has; the …” „… parliamentary control is declining with increasing European integration (e.g., Andersen & Burns 1996; Holland …” „… 272. Interest Intermediation and the European Union The increasing significance of the European …”

Council of Ministers S. 68-69

„… success of lobbying efforts are contacts to MEP assistants, civil servants of the European Parliament, and …” „… . Guéguen 2006: 76). The lobbyist’s job is to persuade the Parliament’s rapporteur, the shadow rapporteur or …” „… the rapporteur cohabite, i.e., people who have significant influence in Parliament committees, of the …”

Bibliography S. 174-190

„… Comparative Study of Business Lobbying in the European Parliament, the European Commission and the Council of …” „… European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: The …” „… European Parliament and of the Council on Services in the Internal Market. COM(2004) 2 final/3. Brussels …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-14

„… Commission 66 3.3.2. European Parliament 67 3.3.3. Council of Ministers 68 3.3.4. Advisory Bodies 69 3.4 …” „… Improvement of Living and Working Conditions EP 1 European Parliament, Internal Market Committee …” „… (IMCO) EP 2 European Parliament, Employment Social Affairs Committee EPC European Policy Center …”

The horizontal dimension: Network governance S. 49-52

„… and the Members of European Parliament. However, it would not be wise to invest all efforts on only …” „… voting in the European Parliament by convincing the Members of European Parliament of their positions (cf …” „… European federations in order to influence European policy making. Using a direct supranational strategy …”

The vertical dimension: Multi-level governance S. 45-49

„… influence the respective EU civil servants in the Commission and the Members of European Parliament. However …” „… Commission’s proposals and the voting in the European Parliament by convincing the Members of European …” „… unequally distributed on the European level than on the national level (Kohler-Koch 1997: 3; Nollert 1997 …”

Appendix 1: Questionnaire S. 191-197

„… Economic and Social Committee European Parliament, Employment and Social Affairs Committee …” „… European Parliament, Internal Market Committee 193European Umbrella Organisations and Networks …” „… matters? European Institutions and Bodies Organisation We initiate discussion They initiate discussion …”

A lack of networking in the multilevel system S. 142-147

„… European Parliament. […] But what I did not want is to set up a structure and then not be able to fill it …” „… communicate to the European Commission, the European Parliament and the European federations. A wide range of …” „… . The CEE organisations are passive and still hardly make their mark in policy making on the European …”

Summary: What is a good lobbyist? S. 72-74

„… 2006: 123). One of the most popular communication formats in the European lobbying arena is the …” „… , specialised in European affairs. Well-placed press releases are a very valuable vehicle for channelling a …” „… news alerts and press releases are read daily by the staff of the European institutions (Guéguen 2006 …”

Advisory Bodies S. 69

„… 693.3.4. Advisory Bodies The influence potential of the two advisory bodies, the European Economic …” „… politicians in the Council and their party colleagues in the Parliament (Van Schendelen 2005: 81). 3.4 …” „… . Lobbying strategies and resources The targets of the professional lobbyists are not only the European …”

Outlook: Recommendations for the organisations and future perspectives S. 169-171

„… Affairs Directory, the Registry of European Parliament or the European Commission’s Register of Interest …” „… 169governance levels and, most important, reach the citizens in the whole European Union. The …” „… long-term effect of a marginalised group of actors in European politics having just an observer role might …”

Actors and relations S. 94-95

„… policy. In parallel, the Lobbyist Registry of European Parliament and the European Public Affairs …” „… 94 The first set of organisations was identified in the CONECCS database of the European Commission …” „… Directory (2005) were searched for representatives from Eastern European organisations and organisations …”

Perception of mission and functions S. 136-139

„… European Commission and the European Parliament. Instead they quite often just imagine what would be the …” „… with the European level. 6.2.2. Perception of mission and functions The examination of the theoretical …” „… discussion on interest groups and European governance in Chapter 2 showed that organised civil society …”

Lobbying strategies and resources S. 69-72

„… 693.3.4. Advisory Bodies The influence potential of the two advisory bodies, the European Economic …” „… politicians in the Council and their party colleagues in the Parliament (Van Schendelen 2005: 81). 3.4 …” „… . Lobbying strategies and resources The targets of the professional lobbyists are not only the European …”

Applicability to the EU interest intermediation system S. 39-43

„… interests competing freely in the European arena, the existence of lobbying and open access, as well as many …” „… Schmitter see interest intermediation at the European level as ‘essentially a pluralist one’, but they admit …” „… groups by the European institutions, especially the selective incentives of the European Commission and …”

Setting the scene: Boundary specification and sampling S. 91-94

„… Parliament and the European Public Affairs Directory (2005) were searched for representatives from Eastern …” „… 915. Newcomers on the European level: Participants or observers in European governance? 5.1 …” „… involvement of the organisations from Visegrád countries in the decision-making system on the European level …”

Mapping the communication network S. 110-127

„… Internal Market and Consumer Committee of the European Parliament (EP1) and the Social Platform (SP). Thus …” „… Market Committee of European Parliament (EP1). It is striking that the European Employers’ Association …” „… Visegrád countries have no direct contacts (value 1) with the European Commission; instead, they show the …”

Overview of results S. 159-167

„… 1597. Conclusion The unique European governance model offers opportunities and encourages civil …” „… society organisations to participate in the policy-making process. In the complex scheme of European …” „… governance, elements of representative democracy such as an elected Parliament are complemented by elements …”

Communist heritage S. 75-76

„… confronting the opportunities and difficulties arising with new demands such as the accession to the European …” „… , elections, new governments, and new parliaments), economic (transition to market economy, privatisation …”

New beginnings S. 76-82

„… : political (establishment of new states, elections, new governments, and new parliaments), economic …” „… organisations was observed in Central and Eastern European countries (Dvoráková 2003). Various kinds of …” „… the laws in this area tend to be even more modern and innovative than in Western European countries …”

Slovakia: Lessons learned S. 84-86

„… country’s accession to the EU, and to independently seek links to the European level (Pridham 2005: 208 …” „… arrangements in the CEE is that they provide a source of legitimacy complementary to the parliament and rather …”

Civil society: Normative and analytical dimensions S. 15-19

„… 151. Introduction: Civil Society and European Governance Currently the participation of civil …” „… society in the decision-making process is welcomed by the institutions of the European Union (EU …” „… ), especially the European Commission. Civil society’s participation is seen as an opportunity to legitimate …”

Lobbying: Communication and information exchange S. 19-21

„… ‘mobilisation’ on the European level for two reasons: first, not all interest groups see themselves as social …” „… attempt to influence European public policy. According to the definition of Warleigh and Fairbrass (2002 …” „… is that lobbying has acquired negative connotations; in particular, lobbying at the European level …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845222363

Markus Steinbrecher, Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger - Turnout in Germany

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Markus Steinbrecher, Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger

Turnout in Germany

Series: Studien zur Wahl- und Einstellungsforschung

Volume 1 2007

Results in this title

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher European Parliament Elections S. 305-307

„… Parliament elections. As in the previous chapters, the first section (9.1) will deal with European elections …” „… participation. 9.1 European Parliament Elections For our analysis of turnout in European elections we rely on …” „… back from this ideal design. Separate multivariate models will be calculated for Bundestag and European …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher European Parliament Elections S. 41-46

„… elections, Landtag elections, and elections to the European Parliament may be dependent on the institutional …” „… . 3.1.1 European Parliament Elections The European Parliament (EP) is the only institution of the European …” „… the member countries. Since 1979 elections to the European Parliament are held every five years …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher European Parliament Elections S. 90-99

„… be reported for European elections. 5.2.2 European Parliament Elections Table 5.4 shows that the …” „… regression models that were calculated for all pairs of European Parliament elections for Germany as a whole …” „… first pair of European Parliament elections 1979/1984 cannot be reached for the consecutive elections …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher European Parliament Elections S. 198-199

„… European Parliament, but also for the other electoral levels. The purpose of this section is to test how …” „… Länder level would be constant in most of the cases. 7.3.1 European Parliament Elections In Table 7.24 we …” „… : simultaneous local elections and turnout in the last European election. The other variables are only important …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher European Parliament Elections S. 202-206

„… section. 7.4.1 European Parliament Elections As we have already reported in preceding chapters, turnout in …” „… -.03 -.20 -.20 -.16European election - - - excluded Bundestag election .80 .41 .84 .76Last LTE .42 .17 …” „… European elections is lower than at the two other levels. But are there any differences between men and …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher European Parliament Elections S. 193-195

„… the preceding election (t-1) also includes the effects of the social structure on it. 7.2.1 European …” „… Parliament Elections In both parts of the country the minimum explanatory power of social structure factors …” „… Baden-Wuerttemberg. Table 7.21: European elections – minimum variance explanation potential of social structure …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Development of Turnout in European Parliament Elections S. 69-75

„… European Parliament and the Landtage than for the Bundestag elections. The very obvious decline since 1990 …” „… election types. 5.1.1 Development of Turnout in European Parliament Elections Table 5.1 shows the …” „… 5.1 and 5.2) in European Parliament elections. Some clear patterns can be detected for mean turnout on …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Vote Intention and Recall in European Parliament Elections S. 135-138

„… respondents’ recalled voting behavior as well as their vote intention for European Parliament elections and …” „… Bundestag elections within a time period ranging from the first European Parliament election in 1979 to the …” „… Parliament Elections Our calculations of vote intention and recalled turnout for European Parliament …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Bundestag Elections S. 46-50

„… the European Parliament, the classical antagonism between government and parliament does not exist at …” „… invited by the government to participate in the negotiations. In European matters, the parliaments of all …” „… parliaments that are mainly responsible for the democratic legitimacy of the European Union, as long as the …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher The Second-Order Election Model S. 52-56

„… the first elections to the European Parliament in the then nine member countries of the European …” „… Landtage and to the European Parliament are second-order elections. The model particularly creates a …” „… elections to the European Parliament or in another second-order election to judge the actual performance of …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Reasons for Non-Voting in European Elections S. 293-298

„… in elections to the European Parliament because of a general dissatisfaction with European …” „… Europe-specific message behind abstention in elections to the European Parliament. First, we present a short …” „… European Commission or the European Parliament, opinions towards the integration process and the …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… major results in the European Parliament in Brussels in September 2003, the project partners still are …” „… .....................................................21 3.1.1 European Parliament Elections …” „… Development of Turnout in European Parliament Elections................50 5.1.2 Development of Turnout in …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Landtag Elections S. 50-52

„… Parliament in the then nine member countries of the European Community in 1979. They observed low turnout, a …” „… Bundesregierung, because of its role as actor in the European Council and the Council of Ministers. Turning out in …” „… important conference of the European Council or the Council of Ministers, while there is broad daily …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Development of Europe-Specific Attitudes 1979-2004 S. 298-301

„… . One of them measures the perceived importance of the European Parliament, the other one political …” „… the European Parliament. While the parliament in Brussels and Strasbourg was regarded as important by …” „… effect, the perceived importance of the European Parliament rose by about 30 percentage points since the …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Kreise-Types of Turnout S. 130-135

„… turnout in elections to the European Parliament. The Kreise in the fourth cluster show average turnout …” „… their vote intention for European Parliament elections and Bundestag elections within a time period …” „… ranging from the first European Parliament election in 1979 to the latest one in 2004. During the …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Glossary S. 19-20

„… Glossary Abgeordnetenhaus name of the State Parliament in Berlin Bürgerschaft name of the State …” „… Parliament in Bremen and Hamburg Bund Federation, federal level Bundeskanzler (Federal) Chancellor (head of …” „… Land,Länder)Bundespräsident Federal President Bundesrat Federal Council (upper house of the parliament, representing the …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher References S. 347-362

„… , Richard/Svensson, Palle (1998): People and Parliament in the European Union. Participation, Democracy and …” „… ): The European Parliament. 5th edition. London: Harper Publishing. Crewe, Ivor/Thomson, Katarina (1999 …” „… . Campaigns and results of the 1979/81 first elections to the European Parliament. Aldershot: Gower, 1-36 …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Landtag Elections S. 201-202

„… section. 7.4.1 European Parliament Elections As we have already reported in preceding chapters, turnout in …” „… between .41 and .84, so that parallel elections to the federal parliament are really a turnout booster for …” „… period of the Bundestag. Unfortunately, parallel European elections are excluded from the model for the …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Cross-level Effects on Turnout S. 86-90

„… turnout is compensated by simultaneous elections. The two European Parliament elections in 1994 and 1999 …” „… in turnout in European Parliament elections is explained by time, and all Länder have negative …” „… be reported for European elections. 5.2.2 European Parliament Elections Table 5.4 shows that the …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Declining Turnout in Germany: The Research Problem S. 21-30

„… European Parliament elections is even bigger, with about 24 percentage points on average. The gap between …” „… Europe-specific attitudes for turnout in European Parliament elections. In chapter 9 we will calculate …” „… casting their ballot, turnout in the European election of 2004 reached an all-time low for elections …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Bundestag Elections S. 199-201

„… variables on turnout. Table 7.24: European elections – regression analysis for turnout in West Germany …” „… : European elections – regression analysis for turnout in East Germany (?)1999 2004SSF 1: Urbanization -.05 …” „… .84, so that parallel elections to the federal parliament are really a turnout booster for Landtag …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Comparisons of Different Electoral Levels S. 312-324

„… in European Parliament elections, no government is directly emanating from the election. Many people …” „… elections 3. Voters in Bundestag, Landtag and European Parliament elections 4. Voters in Bundestag elections …” „… multivariate models for Bundestag and European elections show that the explanatory potential of the different …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Correlations of Europe-Specific Attitudes with Turnout S. 301-304

„… perceive the European Parliament to be more important, and who express a greater approval of the European …” „… been changed for some of the variables, e.g., for importance of the European Parliament in 1999, so …” „… 8.4.1 and turnout in European elections, measured by vote intention and recalled behavior. According to …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Development of Turnout in Landtag Elections S. 81-86

„… Bundestag and European Parliament elections, Table 5.3 looks quite confusing and shows a much more complex …” „… most severe in European Parliament elections. In Bundestag elections electoral 5. The Dynamics and …” „… simultaneous elections. The two European Parliament elections in 1994 and 1999, e.g., took place on the same …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Factors of Turnout S. 127-130

„… instability in elections to the 5. The Dynamics and Structure of Turnout 109 European Parliament. Compared to …” „… to the European Parliament. The Kreise in the fourth cluster show average turnout rates as well as …” „… periods in West and East for turnout in European, Bundestag, and Landtag elections make it necessary to …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher The Impact of Issue and Party Differentials on Turnout S. 282-293

„… are less willing to participate in elections to the European Parliament because of a general …” „… really is a hidden Europe-specific message behind abstention in elections to the European Parliament …” „… institutions, e.g., the European Commission or the European Parliament, opinions towards the integration …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Appendix S. 337-346

„… in Germany, European Parliament elections Electoral system and calculating procedure? Personalized …” „… in European, Bundestag, and Landtag elections at the federal level 1946-2004 Year EPE BTE LTE Year …” „… . Thresholds ? Only those parties that win at least five percent of the valid votes get seats in the European …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Landtag Elections S. 196-198

„… elections to the European Parliament, but also for the other electoral levels. The purpose of this section …” „… simultaneous elections on Länder level would be constant in most of the cases. 7.3.1 European Parliament …” „… its best average explanatory power for European elections in all western Länder apart from …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Long-Term Predispositions S. 230-275

„… decline in European Parliament elections cannot be ascribed to the non-identifiers, so the third …” „… European Parliament on the one hand and declining turnout in European elections on the other. As turnout at …” „… in general and include Landtag elections. As with European Parliament elections, the common …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Does the Decline Matter? S. 325-336

„… participate in elections to the European Parliament than those with negative opinions. Unfortunately, this …” „… some Länder even below 60 percent. Turnout in European elections was hit even more strongly by the …” „… European elections, it is justified to call the latter third-order elections. This subjective order does …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Differences Between Electoral Levels S. 118-121

„… Landtag, Bundestag, and European elections. This means that the geographical units have an effect on …” „… look at the interaction between European, Bundestag,and Landtag elections. As we begin, our aim is to …” „… come next, and European elections clearly had the lowest level of turnout. In the following comparison …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Correlations Between Social Structural Factors and Turnout S. 178-190

„… Correlates at All Levels 159 7.1.2.1 European Parliament Elections As with the previous chapters we first …” „… elections to the European Parliament, mean R-square-values are higher in the Western and the Eastern part of …” „… turn to European elections before analyzing the two national election types. There are strong …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Bundestag Elections S. 307-312

„… DFG cross sections in Tables 9.2 and 9.3. For European Parliament elections the R-square of the …” „… European elections 1994 and 1999 Groups of variables 1994 1999Socio-demographicNagelkerke’s R² .07 .07 …” „… refusals were excluded. As for European elections, we decided to use stepwise logistic regression. In …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Development of Turnout in Bundestag Elections S. 75-81

„… elections. Compared to the two tables for Bundestag and European Parliament elections, Table 5.3 looks quite …” „… of the eligible voters taking part in European elections is Eichsfeld in Thuringia. Thuringia …” „… elections than for European elections. If one compares range and standard deviation among the Länderand …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Vote Intention and Recall in Bundestag Elections S. 138-144

„… last years. This confirms the findings for European Parliament elections, where the recall-indicator …” „… European level, at least since the election in 1994. 5.5.2 Vote Intention and Recall in Bundestag Elections …” „… average level of about 88 percent. Compared to vote intention in European elections, the level of …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Effects of Social Structure on Turnout in Selected Areas and Regions S. 190-193

„… , prosperity, services”. According to the effect of this factor, low turnout in European elections can be …” „… the preceding election (t-1) also includes the effects of the social structure on it. 7.2.1 European …” „… Parliament Elections In both parts of the country the minimum explanatory power of social structure factors …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Bundestag Elections S. 99-108

„… elections to the European Parliament are the high-turnout Kreise along the western part of the former …” „… 5. The Dynamics and Structure of Turnout 79Table 5.8: European elections – analysis of variance of …” „… methodological program that we have already used for the analysis of European elections. The starting point is …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher System Orientation and Turnout S. 275-282

„… Bundestagelections in particular. For Landtag and European elections, differences in the interest in politics lead to …” „… of turnout in European elections and satisfaction with democracy 1979-2004 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 …” „… democracy and turnout. First, we look at European elections, but unfortunately datasets like the …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Important Results and Assumptions of Sociological, Social-Psychological, and Rational Choice Approaches about Turnout S. 213-223

„… importance of Europe-specific attitudes for turnout in elections to the European Parliament, trying to find …” „… mainly uses data for Bundestag, and partly for Landtag and European elections. After an overview about …” „… out if level-specific explanations are responsible for the strong decline of turnout in European …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Landtag Elections S. 108-118

„… which heavily boost turnout in the election to the European Parliament. Table 5.17: Landtag elections …” „… European elections we now turn to Landtagelections and start again with the analysis of regional stability …” „… European elections, the explanatory power of the model for West Germany is higher for Landtag elections …”

Sandra Huber, Hans Rattinger, Markus Steinbrecher Bivariate Correlations Between Social Structure and Turnout S. 169-178

„… chapter 6. 7.1.1.1 European Parliament Elections Table 7.1 shows that correlations are quite low overall …” „… For information about correlations between social structure variables and turnout in European …” „… . Negative signs occur only for three elections and for mean turnout in European elections. Gross value added …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845201535

Shira Becker-Alon - The Communitarian Dimension of the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy

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Shira Becker-Alon

The Communitarian Dimension of the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy

Series: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Volume 83 2011

Results in this title

The European Parliament (EP) S. 263-265

„… where necessary (Article 45(2), amended TEU). 5. The European Parliament (EP) The general role set out …” „… -130/10, European Parliament v. Council of the European Union (2010/C 134/40, 22 May 2010). 1140 Which …” „… involvement is limited to cooperation with the HRFASP and the European Defence Agency (EDA), in practical …”

Involvement of the EC in the ESDP S. 156-167

„… Commission should leave the room.671ii. The European Parliament (EP)’s control over the ESDP As the ESDP is …” „… changes on which the European Parliament had insisted in its report on CFSP progress (Barbé 2004, p. 59 …” „… ). 674 European Parliament’s resolution of 27 September 2007 on ESDP operation in Chad and the Central …”

The EP S. 124-126

„… European Parliament on the main aspects and basic choices of CFSP (2005/2134(INI)), the Parliament …” „… treaties” (paragraph 1). The Treaties of Amsterdam and of Nice left the European Parliament’s competences …” „… national parliamentary control over foreign policy, which is increasingly performed by European …”

The role of different institutions and bodies within the EPC framework S. 60-66

„… framework and the involvement of the Commission and the European Parliament in the EPC framework, see …” „… frameworks.221d. The European Parliament The reason behind the involvement of the EP in the framework of the …” „… European Council to the EP and reports addressed to the Parliament by the European Council after each of …”

The budgetary procedure under TEC S. 128-129

„… European Parliament (EP) – will be indirectly involved in CFSP decisions. And, in terms of the …” „… situation as guided by gentlemen’s agreement, according to which the European Parliament and the Council …” „… 128 was to be charged to the budget of the European Communities. The second, CFSP “operational …”

The 1960s sanctions against Rhodesia – the origin of the “Rhodesia doctrine” S. 66-68

„… President of the European Council to the EP and reports addressed to the Parliament by the European Council …” „… , Part II, paragraph VI, where the reference is to the “European Parliamentary Assembly”; and Copenhagen …” „… 66and the addressing of the Chairman of the Council and, later, of the President of the European …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-15

„… Commission of the European Communities 64d. The European Parliament 65IV. Foreign policy action: interaction …” „… the Commission in the ESDP 156ii. The European Parliament (EP)’s control over the ESDP 157b. The …” „… Commission 2605. The European Parliament (EP) 2636. The Court of Justice of the European Union and the …”

The legal basis S. 127-128

„… of the European Community (EC) budget – that is, the Commission and the European Parliament (EP …” „… gentlemen’s agreement, according to which the European Parliament and the Council refrained from intervening …” „… budget of the European Communities. The second, CFSP “operational expenditure”, was to be charged to the …”

Bibliography S. 299-312

„… (2005). The European Parliament. John Harper Publishing. Craig P, De Búrca G (1998). EU Law. Oxford …” „… Ongoing Process of Integration.TMC Asser Press, pp. 53-70. 302 Diedrichs U (2004). The European Parliament …” „… Review, 33, pp. 666–686. Krauss S (2000). The European Parliament in EU External Relation: The Custom …”

Community law aspects of armament and defence cooperation S. 167-174

„… European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on the coordination of procedures for the award of …” „… /EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 on the coordination of procedures …” „… 1-COD (2007) 0280) following a Commission proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of …”

Summary and conclusions S. 283-298

„… allows no intervention of the European Parliament (EP) in relation to the decisionmaking or in …” „… to parliamentary control. 291 7. The cooperation at European level in the area of security and …” „… 283 Summary and conclusions 1. The establishment of the European Political Cooperation (EPC) by the …”

EPC prior to the SEA S. 49-54

„… , pp. 142–143. Aside from this, decisions on direct elections to the European Parliament and the …” „… of the Draft Treaty establishing the European Union151 by the European Parliament (EP), that the idea …” „… Adopted by the European Parliament on 14 February 1984. 152 Report from the ad hoc Committee on …”

Scope of ECJ jurisdiction under the TEU S. 96-103

„… the ECJ by the European Parliament, arguing that Article 95 TEC cannot serve as the appropriate legal …” „… 55–57 of Joined Cases C-317/04 European Parliament v. Council and C-318/04 European Parliament v …” „… jurisdiction (Joined cases C-181/91 and C-248/91, European Parliament v. Council and Commission, [1993] ECR I …”

Scope of EPC S. 54-55

„… by the European Parliament (EP), that the idea of creating a “European Union”, encompassing …” „… raised 151 Adopted by the European Parliament on 14 February 1984. 152 Report from the ad hoc Committee …” „… 54It is only a year later, with the adoption of the Draft Treaty establishing the European Union151 …”

Adoption of restrictive measures by the EU against third countries S. 276-279

„… institutional balance set out in the Treaties in force, according the European Parliament prerogatives that are …” „… the Court of Justice any act or action of the European Parliament or of the Commission performed in …” „… Action brought on 11 March 2010 – Case C-130/10, European Parliament v. Council of the European Union …”

Can the 2006 IIA be considered to be legally binding? S. 142-146

„… European Parliament. The term “Interinstitutional Agreement” first appeared in the 1988 agreement on …” „… non-legally binding have not yet been determined and the European Courts’ jurisprudence in this regard has …” „… the European level.600 Hence, the European institutions can be said to be obligated through Article 10 …”

The 1980 sanction against Iran and the question of using EEC instruments as legal basis for European political cooperation S. 68-70

„… basis for European political cooperation According to the decision made by the Council, which met in May …” „… after the British Parliament did not ratify the measures as they stood, whereas the other Member States …” „… ’ Parliaments did. The inevitable lack of uniformity and effectiveness that ensued as a result of this approach …”

The aftermath of the 1997 and 1999 IIAs S. 140-141

„… Declaration of the European Parliament, Council and Commission on the financing of the common foreign and …” „… 1999 IIA concerning its information rights,585 especially due to the rapid realization of the European …” „… through national contribution.588 In the Council Joint Action establishing the European Defence Agency it …”

The European Commission S. 260-263

„… increase the role of the European Parliament”. 1128 The same shall apply with regard to a Council decision …” „… where necessary (Article 45(2), amended TEU). 5. The European Parliament (EP) The general role set out …” „… Member States (Article 46(2), amended TEU).4. The European Commission The European Commission (“the …”

Evaluation of Common Strategies as a cross-pillar instrument S. 183-187

„… Federation” (see Recommendation of the European Parliament to the Council concerning 185 doubt the actual …” „… partnership (see Recommendation of the European Parliament to the Council concerning the CS towards the …” „… , by having formulated the Common Strategies in this specific manner, the European Council attempted to …”

The 1997 IIA between the Parliament, the Council and the Commission on the financing of the CFSP S. 136-139

„… Parliament, the Council and the Commission on the financing of the CFSP574The conflicts arising from the …” „… expenditure shall be charged to the budget of the European Communities.577 The CFSP expenditure will be …” „… , where the Parliament sought to bring about an expansion in the number of cases on which it would have to …”

List of abbreviations S. 16-18

„… Journal EL Rev European Law Review EP European Parliament EPC European Political Cooperation 17ERA …” „… 16List of abbreviations ACPAETR African, Caribbean and Pacific European Agreement on Road Transport …” „… of First Instance of the European Communities CFSP Common Foreign and Security Policy CIVCOM …”

The 2006 IIA between the Parliament, the Council and the Commission on Budgetary Discipline and Sound Financial Management. S. 141-142

„… , unilateral letters, joint declarations and Council Note or Decisions of the European Parliament. The term …” „… 141 4. The 2006 IIA between the Parliament, the Council and the Commission on Budgetary Discipline …” „… not yet been determined and the European Courts’ jurisprudence in this regard has considered the issue …”

The institutional practice resulting from the inter-pillar financing arrangement S. 129-132

„… , this modified draft shall be eventually forwarded to it. With this act, the Parliament is merely …” „… expenditure is thereby considered as emanating from the Parliament (Articles 272(4), 272(5) and 272(6) TEC …” „… principle of recourse to the EC budget for the financing of CFSP matters and after the Parliament helped to …”

The conclusion of Interinstitutional Agreements (IIAs) in the TFEU and their influence on the role of the EP within the CFSP. S. 275-276

„… the European Parliament prerogatives that are not provided for in the Treaties and limiting the …” „… does not apply to it and that it “will submit to the Court of Justice any act or action of the European …” „… Parliament or of the Commission performed in application of the provisions of the Framework Agreement that …”

The Commission S. 118-124

„… “parliamentary vacuum”.524 The relatively minor (and rather passive) role of the Parliament in the CFSP, with the …” „… traditional reference to the Commission as the “motor” of European integration.488 Its broad involvement in …” „… in charge of External Relations, European Neighbouring Policy and Europe Aid Cooperation office …”

The legal personality of the EC S. 25-26

„… European Parliament (EP), the Council, the Commission, the ECJ and the Court of Auditors (Article 7 TEC …” „… 25Chapter I: The external relations of the European Community (EC) I. Introduction When discussing …” „… the external aspect of the European Community’s (EC) activities, the reference is often to “external …”

The EU single institutional framework S. 105

„… , the European Parliament (EP), the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and the Court of Auditors. Thus …” „… framework is composed of the European Council and the EC institutions, that is, the Council, the Commission …” „… regards it as a provision setting out an explicit link between the European Council and the EU, thereby …”

External aspect of the institutional process S. 104-105

„… , the European Parliament (EP), the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and the Court of Auditors. Thus …” „… institutional process The organizing principle of the European Union (EU) is to secure the representation of …” „… , as well as that of who, in fact, represents and steers European foreign policy.405 This unclear …”

Article 47 of the TEU: keeping the Treaties establishing the European Communities intact S. 94-95

„… European Parliament (EP) (Article 230 TEC) and the Member States (Articles 226 and 227 TEC) conduct their …” „… . Article 47 of the TEU: keeping the Treaties establishing the European Communities intact Article 47 of the …” „… Treaties establishing the European Communities or the subsequent Treaties and Acts modifying or …”

Scope of the European Courts’ jurisdiction under the Treaties establishing the European Communities S. 95-96

„… Council, the Commission, the European Parliament (EP) (Article 230 TEC) and the Member States (Articles …” „… of the European Courts’ jurisdiction under the Treaties establishing the European Communities a …” „… ”) or to the “European Courts”, unless cases brought before the CFI are discussed specifically. 362 See …”

Evaluation of the integrated system S. 236-239

„… Report to the European Parliament and the Council on the application of Regulation (EC) 3381/94 setting …” „… system In accordance with Article 18 of Regulation 3381/94, the Commission submitted to the European …” „… Parliament (EP) and the Council a Report on the application of the same Regulation,1052 presenting for the …”

The 1982 sanctions against the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR): action within the Community after disagreement within the EPC. S. 70-71

„… respective legal dimension, may add weight to European political cooperation as well as ensuring the Member …” „… consensus could not be reached in European political cooperation due to Greece’s dissent. Since the …” „… The fact that the political origin of this Regulation was not mentioned244 led the Danish Parliament …”

The principle of conferred powers S. 26-27

„… , pp. 248–249. 15 The institutions of the EC are: the European Parliament (EP), the Council, the …” „… relations with third parties. In its guiding judgment from the year 1971 in the European Agreement on Road …” „… Transport case (AETR, also known as the “ERTA judgment”), the European Court of Justice (ECJ, or “the Court …”

Union institutions or Community institutions? S. 105-107

„… , the European Parliament (EP), the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and the Court of Auditors. Thus …” „… framework is composed of the European Council and the EC institutions, that is, the Council, the Commission …” „… regards it as a provision setting out an explicit link between the European Council and the EU, thereby …”

The 1999 IIA between the EP, the Council and the Commission on Budgetary Discipline and Improvement of the Budgetary Procedure S. 139-140

„… of the 1997 IIA. 586 Diedrichs 2004, p. 39. 587 See Declaration of the European Parliament …” „… the conditions of Article 28 of the TEU may be charged to the budget of the European Communities – the …” „… rapid realization of the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP), had brought about new tensions …”

The European Council and its President S. 251-254

„… Elsuwege 2010, pp. 994–997. 1097 The Union’s institutions shall be the European Parliament; the European …” „… the original institutions of the EC, together with the European Council, into “the Union’s institution …” „… ”.1097As far as the institutional framework of the CFSP is concerned, the European Council and the …”

Export control of dual-use goods in the international context S. 227-228

„… controls in the European Community (EC) area were regulated by national legislation. At the same time …” „… having a collective restriction of exports of strategic and dual-use goods towards the European and Asian …” „… European Council in June 2003, the Commission has also been invited to participate through the Presidency …”

Legal basis for CFSP financing S. 132-134

„… principle of recourse to the EC budget for the financing of CFSP matters and after the Parliament helped to …” „… European Communities (Articles 28(2) and 28(3) subparagraph 1 TEU). Accordingly, the budgetary procedure …” „… supplemented to the TEU in Nice after the establishment of the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) that …”

Assessment: uniform foreign policy and “one voice” for Europe? S. 279-282

„… Action brought on 11 March 2010 – Case C-130/10, European Parliament v. Council of the European Union …” „… European Union”. 280 in its entirety into a more uniform and harmonized framework had to be abandoned or …” „… European Commission, the HRFASP will in practice supervise most aspects of the EU’s external relations and …”

Financing of the CFSP and the CSDP S. 272-274

„… States (all EU Member States, except Denmark) and the European Commission.1166 Its scope of activities is …” „… European defence technological and industrial base.1168VI. Financing of the CFSP and the CSDP The …” „… institutions shall be charged to the Union budget, rather than to the budget of the European Communities. The …”

EPC legal nature S. 56-60

„… EPC framework and the involvement of the Commission and the European Parliament in the EPC framework …” „… European Communities’ task catalogue. The Commission could only participate in EPC proceedings, with no …” „… European law”. 161 “Resolved to implement this European Union on the basis, firstly, of the Communities …”

Title V of the TEU: the CFSP S. 77-79

„… Commission and the European Parliament (EP), aiming to bring about a convergence of the EU’s foreign policy …” „… paragraph TEU). By establishing the CFSP as the successor to the European Political Cooperation (EPC),268 …” „… this is exactly what was hoped to be achieved in creating a more effective European foreign policy …”

Secretary-General of the Council and the High Representative for the CFSP (SG/HR) S. 115-118

„… European foreign policy, i.e. the focus shift from the national capitals to Brussels (Nuttall 2005, p. 101 …” „… way that could ultimately jeopardize both struts of the institutional system and exclude Parliament …” „… bridging the dualism in European external policies.483 Indeed, the Declaration sets out the establishment …”

Introduction S. 19-24

„… 19Introduction Almost from the very beginning of its establishment, the European Union (EU), in its …” „… primary form as the European Economic Community (EEC) – which, with the extension of its role in the …” „… Treaty of Maastricht later became the European Community (EC)1 – has managed to establish itself as a …”

The Court of Justice of the European Union and the justiciability of the CFSP S. 265-268

„… -130/10, European Parliament v. Council of the European Union (2010/C 134/40, 22 May 2010). 1140 Which …” „… Part VI, Section 4 of this chapter). 6. The Court of Justice of the European Union and the …” „… a general rule the jurisdiction of the Court of Justice of the European Union1140 (“the Court”) from …”

The Treaty of Lisbon: the integration of the pillar structure? S. 246-251

„… Parliament; the European Council; the Council; the European Commission; the Court of Justice of the European …” „… European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) (now renamed the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP …” „… Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. While the Third Pillar of the EU – that is, Title VI of …”

Involvement of the Community in initiating Joint Actions S. 187-189

„… / Schwarze (eds.), EUV/EGV,Article 14 EUV, point 16. 825 From the Declaration of the European Parliament …” „… European Council, the aim was to prevent the Commission from submitting policy initiatives and proposed …”

Evaluation of the Community regime of export controls of dual-use items and technology S. 241-243

„… the European exporters, as some Member States will impose stricter control in issuing the …” „… , Dual-use-Verordnung (VO Nr.1334/2000), EL 16, point 16. 1068 Commission Working Paper Report to Parliament and the …” „… Journal of the European Communities.1070 The Commission shall also act together with the Member States in …”

The Community’s express external competences S. 28-33

„… continuous debate between the Member States, the Council, the Commission and the European Parliament (EP …” „… Community in the Single European Act (SEA) and the different Treaty amendments,26 supplementing the gradual …” „… interaction between them and the European Union (EU)’s Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). Disputes …”

Article 133 of the TEC as a legal basis for export control of dual-use goods: the European Court of Justice (ECJ)’s approach S. 228-230

„… plan adopted by the Thessaloniki European Council in June 2003, the Commission has also been invited to …” „… (Commission Working Paper Report to Parliament and the Council on the Implementation of Council Regulation (EC …” „… legal basis for export control of dual-use goods: the European Court of Justice (ECJ)’s approach When …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845231198

Peter-Christian Müller-Graff, Jürgen Schwarze - XXIV. FIDE-Kongress vom 3. bis 6. November 2010 in Madrid

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Peter-Christian Müller-Graff (ed.), Jürgen Schwarze (ed.)

XXIV. FIDE-Kongress vom 3. bis 6. November 2010 in Madrid

Series: Sonderheft Europarecht

Volume 2011

Results in this title

Miroslaw Wyrzykowski Questionnaire General Topic 1: The European and National Parliaments S. 7-12

„… Parliament in national parliamentary work or in the political parties’ personnel policy concerning European …” „… Questionnaire General Topic 1: The European and National Parliaments General Rapporteur: Prof …” „… relations between the European parliament and the national parliament? 1.2 Did the decisions of the …”

Santiago Martínez Lage, Rafael Allendesalazar Questionnaire General Topic 2: The Judicial Application of European Competition Law S. 67-72

„… effective redress mechanisms. Very recently, the European Parliament adopted a resolution supporting the …” „… enforcement of competition law in your country. 42. The Commission and the European Parliament have been …” „… Questionnaire General Topic 2: The Judicial Application of European Competition Law1 General …”

Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 5-6

„… ............................................................................................... 3 Questionnaire General Topic 1: The European and National Parliaments .......................... 7 …” „… ............ 13 Questionnaire General Topic 2: The Judicial Application of European Competition Law . . . . 67 Dr …” „… . Wolfgang Bosch, Frankfurt/Main The Judicial Application of European Competition Law …”

Wolfgang Bosch The Judicial Application of European Competition Law S. 73-90

„… 3. The Commission and the European Parliament have been pushing for a “European” model of judicial …” „… The Judicial Application of European Competition Law Von Wolfgang Bosch* Private Enforcement in …” „… 548/99); 74 EuR – Beiheft 1 – 2011 Bosch, The Judicial Application of European Competition Law § US …”

Christine Mellein Die Rolle von Bundestag und Bundesrat in der Europäischen Union S. 13-66

doi.org/10.5771/9783845230917

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