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Stefan Stuth

Closing in on Closure

Series: Wirtschaftssoziologie | Economic Sociology

Volume 1 2017

Results in this title

2 Beyond the Norm—Temporary Employment Contracts and Occupations S. 27-54

„… Beyond the Norm—Temporary Employment Contracts and Occupations Modern Western industrial nations …” „… “standard” employment. However, this norm is declining and temporary employment is in the ascent (e.g., Beck …” „… ; Kalleberg 2011; Allmendinger et al. 2013). Temporary employment contracts are defined as contracts that have …”

7 Closing in on Closure—The Association between Occupational Closure and Temporary Employment S. 119-158

„… have done. Occupational Closure and Temporary Employment—Results To check whether the theoretical …” „… , skewness: 0.36, kurtosis: 5.59). 7.1 Occupational Closure and Temporary Employment—Results 121 tively …” „… (11.5). 7.1 Occupational Closure and Temporary Employment—Results 123 Model 4b Model 5 Model 6a Model …”

6 Descriptive Statistics S. 95-118

„… in Temporary Employment in Germany Figure 3 presents the differences between the old and new German …” „… Länder (former West and East Germany respectively) as the percentage of employees in temporary employment …” „… in order to give a first impression of the rate of temporary employment and its association with the …”

3 Case Selection S. 55-60

„… interrelationship between occupational closure and temporary employment. First, Germany is renowned for its …” „… no employees want to have temporary employment contracts. Third, the institutional setting in Germany …” „… to use temporary employment contracts to increase their external, numerical flexibility. Germany …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-20

„… and Temporary Employment 7 119 Occupational Closure and Temporary Employment—Results7.1 121 …” „… temporary employment varies. Focusing on temporary employment, the author extends the scope of closure …” „… professions protect their employees from temporary employment contracts. Closing in on Closure Occupational …”

1 Introduction S. 21-26

„… Introduction Temporary employment contracts have increased in political and economic relevance in …” „… the last few decades. Policy makers have lessened the restrictions on the use of temporary employment …” „… more people into the labor market (Barbieri 2009; Hipp et al. 2015). The price of temporary employment …”

8 Summary S. 159-168

„… to temporary employment—I subsumed the signaling quality closure mechanism under the channeling …” „… Summary Temporary employment is often associated with low wages, poor working conditions, high …” „… the arguments of these theories, the risk of temporary employment is dependent on the amount of …”

9 Conclusions S. 169-170

„… Conclusions Extending closure theory to encompass temporary employment allows us to take a glimpse …” „… , temporary employment, and occupational closure, there is still more to explore. There are more forms of …” „… choices that are too popular and that would increase their risk of holding temporary employment contracts …”

5 Data, Methods, Sample Selection, and Variables S. 71-94

„… statistically significant correlation92. Variables The dependent variable—temporary employment—is based on a …” „… employees of holding temporary employment contracts and the association of this risk with occupational …” „… . The Microcensus provides information about detailed occupations69, temporary employment, and the …”

References S. 171-190

„… . The Determinants of Youth Temporary Employment in the Enlarged Europe. European Societies, 12(3 …” „… . 2002. Temporary Jobs, Employment Protection and Labor Market Performance. Labour Economics, 9(1): 63-91 …” „… , B. 1993. Determinants of Employment Externalization: A Study of Temporary Workers and Independent …”

4 The Theoretical and Methodological Challenges of Operationalizing Closure Measures for Germany S. 61-70

„… licensed tasks are both empirically linked to the occupation members’ risk of holding temporary employment …” „… temporary employment by controlling industries. Additional Distinctive Features of the German Labor Market …” „… impact of the closure sources on temporary employment. Second: The general economic conditions are very …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845280172

Edoardo Ales, Mark Bell, Olaf Deinert, Sophie Robin-Olivier - International and European Labour Law

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Edoardo Ales (ed.), Mark Bell (ed.), Olaf Deinert (ed.), Sophie Robin-Olivier (ed.)

International and European Labour Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2018

Results in this title

Edoardo Ales Directive 91/383/EEC supplementing the measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health at work of workers with a fixed-duration employment relationship or a temporary employment relationship S. 1242-1252

„… relationship or a temporary employment relationship Literature: E Ales, ‘The ‘Risk Approach’ in Occupational …” „… temporary employment relationship (91/383/EEC) (OJ L 206, 29.7.1991, p. 19). 4 Council Directive 92/85/EEC …” „… employment relationships between a temporary employment business which is the employer and the worker, where …”

Jean-Philippe Lhernould Directive 2008/104/EC on temporary agency work S. 894-906

„… or employment relationship with a temporary work agency who are assigned to user undertakings to work …” „… applies to workers with a contract of employment or employment relationship with a temporary work agency …” „… employment relationship with a temporary work agency (Art. 3(2)). The Court of Justice ruled that Directive …”

Sophie Robin-Olivier Non-Standard Work: Introduction S. 868-872

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2. Coordination with other EU employment-related instruments . . . . . . . . . . . 38 I …” „… PART 4 NON-STANDARD WORK Non-Standard Work: Introduction The decline of standard employment …” „… employment relationships increased considerably, and this evolution undermines the rules governing labour …”

Alexia Gardin Directive 1999/70/EC concerning the Framework Agreement on fixed-term work S. 882-894

„… employment relationship or a temporary employment relationship. 2 K Sulpice, S Picard and S Clauwaert …” „… contract of employment or employment relationship with a temporary work agency who are assigned to user …” „… field of “employment conditions” could make gender equality instruments become secondary.30 The Wippel …”

Anna Alaimo Article 102 TFEU S. 107-111

„… the employment market and providing temporary staff for third parties. Its object was to enable …” „… , this is precisely what happened in the Job Centre II and Höfner cases, in which public employment …” „… agencies had a statutory monopoly of employment procurement. According the Court’s case-law, an undertaking …”

Alexandre Defossez Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services S. 643-664

„… temporary employment undertaking or placement agency, hire out a worker to a user undertaking established or …” „… temporary employment undertaking or placement agency and the worker during the period of posting. Article 2 …” „… by temporary employment undertakings; (e) health, safety and hygiene at work; 1. 55 Loi-programme du …”

Ryszard Cholewinski ILO Conventions 97 and 143 Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 97) and Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1975 (No. 143) S. 848-868

„… Temporary work and fixed-term work, 1984. 6 Proposal for a Directive on certain employment relationships …” „… ILO Conventions 97 and 143 Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 97) and Migrant …” „… (Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels 2014) 22-28; Cholewinski, R, ‘Migration for Employment’ in R …”

Maurizio Del Conte, Elena Gramano ILO Convention 88 Employment Service Convention, 1948 (No. 88) S. 375-383

„… ’ [29/2013], IJCLLIR, 7; S Ricca, Private temporary work organizations and public employment services …” „… movements of workers to areas with suitable employment opportunities; by facilitating temporary transfers of …” „… ILO Convention 88 Employment Service Convention, 1948 (No. 88)1 Literature: B Andrees, A Nasri, P …”

David Fennelly Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Articles 1, 2, 3, 4 and 11 (CEDAW) S. 449-455

„… commentary, employment. Part IV then addresses equality before the law and in matters of legal capacity …” „… , General recommendation No. 25 on Article 4, paragraph 1, Temporary special measures (2004) paragraph 5. 2 …” „… domestic legal systems. Article 4 1. Adoption by States Parties of temporary special measures aimed at …”

Elaine Dewhurst Introduction: Labour Rights of Third-Country National Workers in the European Union S. 806-840

„… pairs (given the temporary nature of their employment and now more specific protections being available …” „… hiring-out of workers, in particular the supply of workers by temporary employment un- 150 Directive 2014/66 …” „… ; Catherine Barnard, EU Employment Law (4th ed, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012); Cathryn Costello and …”

Massimo Pallini Article 62 TFEU S. 77-94

„… conditions of hiring-out of workers, in particular the supply of workers by temporary employment undertakings …” „… proposal states that temporary employment agencies that send temporary workers on assignment to Countries …” „… services market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 II. Effects on national employment laws …”

Vania Brino ILO Convention 168 Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment Convention, 1988 (No. 168) S. 427-431

„… authoritative. ILO Convention 168 Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment Convention, 1988 (No …” „… , employment injury, family and child support, maternity, disability, survivors and orphans), Employment …” „… through the promotion of employment”.2 Convention No. 168 adopts the structure of Convention No. 102 by …”

Edoardo Ales Introduction: Occupational Health and Safety S. 1203-1207

„… employment relationship or a temporary employment relationship; (ii) pregnant workers and workers who have re …” „… temporary employment relationship, commented by E. Ales. On the other, on Council Directive 92/85/EEC on the …” „… ) workers working at temporary or mobile constructions sites. All these risks groups have been made object …”

Anna Alaimo Article 106 TFEU S. 111-117

„… employment offices is realized when these offices are manifestly incapable of satisfying demand prevailing on …” „… from the first two because it concerns, specifically, the supply temporary labour. The national court …” „… provision whereby the right to supply temporary labour to other undertakings operating in the port in which …”

Karin Lukas Article 3 RESC The right to safe and healthy working conditions S. 264-272

„… safety and health at work of workers with a fixed-duration employment relationship or a temporary …” „… 2003/88/EC on working time, see Catherine Barnard, EU Employment Law (4th ed, Oxford University Press 2012 …” „… policies (on employment, persons with disabilities, equal opportunities, etc.).11 The implementation of the …”

Alexandre Defossez Directive 2014/67/EU on the enforcement of Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services S. 677-692

„… the activity of temporary employment undertaking to undertakings having their head office in the …” „… posting: what is “temporary”? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 III …” „… conducts: letterbox undertakings, “bogus” self-employment, long term postings are amongst them. The PWD …”

Elaine Dewhurst Article 19 RESC The right of migrant workers and their families to protection and assistance S. 313-316

„… and other employment and working conditions; b membership of trade unions and enjoyment of the …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 II. Equal Treatment in Employment …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. Remuneration and Other Employment and Working Conditions . . . . . . . . 4 2. Membership of …”

Mélanie Schmitt Article 24 RESC The right to protection in cases of termination of employment S. 336-339

„… ] ECR I-4367 Article 24 RESC The right to protection in cases of termination of employment* With a view …” „… employment, the Parties undertake to recognise: a. the right of all workers not to have their employment …” „… whose employment is terminated without a valid reason to adequate compensation or other appropriate …”

Mark Bell Introduction S. 641-643

„… , there is no general principle that permits workers to take up employment in another state. There are …” „… services on a temporary basis. For example, a construction company based in Poland that wins a contract to …” „… temporarily posted there. A related issue is the question of jurisdiction. Where the employment relationship …”

Directive 89/391/EEC on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of workers at work Edoardo Ales S. 1210-1242

„… an employment relationship with the worker and has responsibility for the undertaking and/or …” „… reference to the Directive, one may wonder whether the so-called new forms of employment19 shall fall under …” „… to temporary or mobile working sites, Directive 92/57/EEC provides for relevant obligations with …”

Felix Welti ILO Convention 159 Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1983 (No. 159) S. 635-641

„… Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1983 (No. 159) Literature: Delia Ferri, Anna Lawson, Reasonable …” „… accommodation for disabled people in employment, EC Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (Brussels 2016 …” „… , Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment of disabled persons (Geneva 1998); Wolfhard Kohte, ‘Die Bedeutung …”

Vincenzo Pietrogiovanni ILO Convention 79 Night Work of Young Persons (Non-Industrial Occupations) Convention, 1946 (No. 79) S. 1336-1343

„… be averaged; provisions concerning shift work; permanent, temporary and periodical exceptions; the …” „… households; and b) employment, on work which is not deemed to be harmful, prejudicial, or dangerous to …” „… work as employee, which means performing an activity in the frame of an employment contract; the direct …”

Edoardo Ales ILO Convention 155 Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155) S. 1392-1413

„… workers with a fixed-duration employment relationship or a temporary employment relationship [1991] OJ L …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 a) Temporary agency workers …” „… sickness, disease and injury arising out of his employment (…)”. 2 According to para III(g) “The Conference …”

Article 4 ECHR Prohibition of slavery and forced labour Edoardo Ales S. 1200-1203

„… to EU Law, they are: (i) workers with a fixed-duration employment relationship or a temporary …” „… Employment Relation (Oregon, Oxford and Portland 2013) 143 et seqq.; V Mantouvalou, ‘The Right to …” „… Convention on Human Rights and the Employment Relation (Oregon, Oxford and Portland 2013) 143 et seqq. Art. 4 …”

Maria Teresa Carinci ILO Convention 158 Termination of Employment Convention, 1982 (No. 158) S. 1149-1165

„… , and it will continue to be, of concern because of the increased number of women in paid employment in …” „… Convention on this topic should be on the agenda. ILO Convention 158 Termination of Employment Convention …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 a) Exclusions in light of the nature of the contract of employment . . . . . . . . . 10 b …”

Carla Spinelli ILO Convention 1 Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919 (No. 1) S. 1321-1332

„… regulation of working hours remains a vital issue to the ILO as it lies at the core of the employment …” „… transport by sea and on inland waterways shall be determined by a special conference dealing with employment …” „… be adopted by a special conference dealing with employment in this field of activity. At present …”

Teun Jaspers Article 29 RESC The right to information and consultation in collective redundancy procedures S. 354-361

„… 20 July 1998;3 2. ILO Convention No 158 (1982) on termination of employment at the initiative of the …” „… employment.4 IV. Content In the Appendix to the RESC, the core content of Article 29 is clearly stated: The …” „… ), The European Social Charter and Employment Relations (Hart, Oxford 2016) 470. Chapter III (Revised …”

Ellen Birkhahn, Ulla Gläßer Directive 2008/52/EC on certain aspects of mediation in civil and commercial matters S. 1650-1678

„… , which is the only provision applicable to agreements on jurisdiction in the field of employment …” „… according to Article 25: Section 5 exclusively covers the disputes in the field of employment relationships …” „… . A specific solution to employment relationships should be given. Two approaches may be taken. Either …”

Andreas Bücker Directive 91/533/EEC on an employer’s obligation to inform employees of the conditions applicable to the contract or employment relationship S. 948-958

„… employment relationship; (e) in the case of a temporary contract or employment relationship, the expected …” „… of the conditions applicable to the contract or employment relationship I. Foreword …” „… employment of every worker of the European Community shall be stipulated in laws, a collective agreement or a …”

Elaine Dewhurst Article 18 RESC The right to engage in a gainful occupation in the territory of other Parties S. 310-313

„… liberalise, individually or collectively, regulations governing the employment of foreign workers; and …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. Access to employment …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. Loss of employment …”

Jean-Philippe Lhernould Directive 97/81/EC concerning the Framework Agreement on part-time work S. 872-882

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2. Coordination with other EU employment-related instruments . . . . . . . . . . . 38 I …” „… employment-related instruments The agreement takes account of its environment and, in particular, of the variety of …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2. Existence of an employment relationship …”

Antonio Riefoli ILO Convention 189 Domestic Workers Convention, 2011 (No. 189) S. 916-934

„… employment relationship; in the case of a temporary contract or employment relationship, the expected …” „… households (temporary employment services). In this respect, the disposition requires ratifying Members to: i …” „… further indicates that workers employed by an agency should have a written contract of employment and …”

Edoardo Ales Article 153 TFEU S. 155-165

„… health at work of workers with a fixed-duration employment relationship or a temporary employment …” „… workers where their employment contract is terminated; (e) the information and consultation of workers; (f …” „… , subject to paragraph 5; (g) conditions of employment for third-country nationals legally residing in Union …”

Vania Brino ILO Convention 122 Employment Policy Convention, 1964 (No. 122) S. 383-387

„… employment-related instruments”2. Convention No. 122 was included among the priority ILO Conventions3, identified as …” „… authorities shall take the necessary measures to secure effective co-operation between the public employment …” „… service and private employment agencies not conducted with a view to profit.46 Such duty of cooperation …”

A.C.L. Davies ILO Convention 175 Part-Time Work Convention, 1994 (No. 175) S. 906-909

„… average over a given period of employment; (c) the term comparable full-time worker refers to a full-time …” „… worker who: (i) has the same type of employment relationship; (ii) is engaged in the same or a similar …” „… ) full-time workers affected by partial unemployment, that is by a collective and temporary reduction in their …”

Olaf Deinert Introduction: Working Conditions S. 934-937

„… termination of employment contracts. In this regard, there exists a certain degree of similarity to the EU law …” „… , these have a less visible connection to employment, with the notable exception of article 4 on the …” „… contracts and temporary agency work). Some other selec- 5 ECtHR, Case 425/03, 23 September 2010, Obst; ECtHR …”

Hélène Tissandier Article 25 RESC The right of workers to the protection of their claims in the event of the insolvency of their employer S. 339-343

„… that workers’ claims arising from contracts of employment or employment relationships be guaranteed by …” „… by reason of the special nature of their employment relationship. 2 It is understood that the …” „… guarantee system, prior to the insolvency or to the termination of employment; b. the workers’ claims for …”

Etienne Pataut Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II) S. 674-677

„… , Mr Nikiforidis’s employment contract has been performed in Germany, and the referring court is German …” „… specifically designed to govern employment contracts, but a tortious action might relate to labour issues …” „… action on the employment contracts; (iii) actions on damages caused by the industrial action. Article 9 …”

Hélène Tissandier Directive 2008/94/EC on the protection of employees in the event of the insolvency of their employerOJ 2008 L 283/36-42. S. 1012-1026

„… ) employees with a temporary employment relationship within the meaning of Article 1(2) of Directive 91/383 …” „… ’ has to be defined by national employment law. Therefore, at national level, the scope of the Directive …” „… contracts of employment or employment relationships and existing against employers who are in a state of …”

Orsola Razzolini Directive 2010/41/EU on the application of the principle of equal treatment between men and women S. 586-602

„… self-employment and not only employment.1 More precisely, the Directive aims to fill some of the gaps in gender …” „… equality protection in relation to self-employment and entrepreneurship. With particular regard to gender …” „… self-employment and entrepreneurship springs from the Communication of the EC Commission of 1 March 2006.4 The …”

Adalberto Perulli The Declaration of Philadelphia (DoP) S. 361-375

„… temporary work organizations and public employment services: effects and problems of coexistence [1982], ILR …” „… Institute for Labour Studies (Geneva 1994); Hugh Collins, Employment Law (Oxford University Press, Oxford …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 7. Full employment, minimum wage and social security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 8 …”

Giovanni Orlandini Article 45 TFEU S. 41-66

„… discrimination based on nationality between workers of the Member States as regards employment, remuneration and …” „… other conditions of work and employment. 3. It shall entail the right, subject to limitations justified …” „… on grounds of public policy, public security or public health: (a) to accept offers of employment …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… work of workers with a fixed-duration employment relationship or a temporary employment relationship …” „… 19 RESC 313 The right to equal opportunities and equal treatment in matters of employment and …” „… 330 The right to protection in cases of termination of employment …”

Edoardo Ales Article 29 CFREU Right of access to placement services S. 195-200

„… seek employment, to work, to exercise the right of establishment and to provide services in any Member …” „… .; E Ales, ‘The European Pillar of Social Rights: an ambitious ‘soft-law guide’ to efficient employment …” „… and social outcomes’, in R. Singer and T Bazzani (eds), European Employment Policies: Current …”

Martina Benecke Directive 94/33/EC on the protection of young people at work S. 1268-1285

„… laid down by this Directive, that the minimum working or employment age is not lower than the minimum …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 b) Prohibition of work by children and minimum working or employment age (para 1 …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 c) Prohibition of work and employment (para 2 …”

Sylvaine Laulom Article 30 CFREU Protection in the event of unjustified dismissal S. 942-948

„… . From another perspective, the rules governing the termination of the employment contract can be seen to …” „… impact, in practice, on the whole of employment relations. As a consequence, when dismissal law changes …” „… with termination of employment adopted by the ILO was Recommendation No 119 in 1963 (now replaced by …”

Carla Spinelli ILO Convention 47 Forty-Hour Week Convention, 1935 (No. 47) S. 1332-1336

„… world wars, with the aim of limiting working hours – “in all forms of employment to such extent as is …” „… possible” – mainly for employment purposes. As it is clearly stated in the Considering, the forty-hour week …” „… undertakes to apply this principle to classes of employment in accordance with the detailed provision to be …”

Erika Kovács, Franz Marhold Article 2 RESC The right to just conditions of work S. 255-264

„… beginning date of the employment relationship; the expected duration of a temporary employment; the length …” „… maintaining, if already existing, free of charge employment services for all workers. This is an important …” „… private entities authorized to deliver it within the framework of an employment service system. On the …”

Etienne Pataut Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 on the law applicable to contractual obligations (Rome I) – Articles 8 and 9 S. 664-674

„… Article 8 Individual employment contracts 1. An individual employment contract shall be governed by the …” „… individual employment contract has not been chosen by the parties, the contract shall be governed by the law …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 I. Individual employment contracts (Article 8 …”

Daniel Ulber ILO Convention 94 Labour Clauses (Public Contracts) Convention, 1949 (No. 94) S. 840-848

„… employment of workers by the other party to the contract; (c) that the contract is a contract for– (i) the …” „… , whose conditions of employment are not regulated by national laws or regulations, collective agreement …” „… expenditure of public funds and the employment of workers (Article 1, para 1, b)), and concern construction …”

Daniel Ulber Article 28 CFREU Right of collective bargaining and action S. 1457-1492

„… fundamental rights. It is a response to the economic imbalance in the sphere of employment. In theory, the …” „… to negotiate terms and conditions of employment with employers. In order to get the employer to the …” „… jointly to adopt measures to improve conditions of work and employment.2 This is why the ECJ decided that …”

Sudabeh Kamanabrou, Anne Christin Wietfeld Directive 2010/18/EU implementing the revised Framework Agreement on parental leave concluded by BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME, CEEP and ETUC S. 1026-1049

„… , fixed-term-contract workers or persons with a contract of employment or employment relationship with a temporary …” „… unbezahlten Elternurlaubs durch Mutterschaftsurlaub’, EuZA 2014, 504; Karl Riesenhuber, European Employment …” „… , ‘Gleichbehandlung von Männern und Frauen’, ZESAR 2012, 231; Philippa Watson, EU Social And Employment Law (2nd edn …”

Valérie Michel Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications S. 713-785

„… entitled to take up employment or self-employment there”,6 access to a regulated profession will not be …” „… the purposes of highly qualified employment; OJ L. 155, 18.6.2009, p. 17. Chapter II EU Law for EU …” „… conditions to provide services in a host Member State on a temporary and occasional basis or the recognition …”

Silvia Borelli Article 157 TFEU S. 176-188

„… directly or indirectly, in respect of his employment, from his employer. Equal pay without discrimination …” „… employment and occupation, including the principle of equal pay for equal work or work of equal value. 4 …” „… matters of employment and occupation” (Article 157 (3)); third, it was mentioned that “the principle of …”

Edoardo Ales, Mark Bell, Olaf Deinert, Sophie Robin-Olivier General Introduction

„… (R)ESC or the Declaration of Philadelphia. – Equality Law: • Prohibition of discrimination in employment …” „… international law. – Non-Standard Work: • part-time work; • fixed term work; • temporary agency work; • home …” „… as regards employment, remuneration and other conditions of work and employment was included in the …”

Ségolène Barbou des Places Regulation (EU) 492/2011 on freedom of movement for workers within the Union S. 785-800

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 III. The attempt to construct a European employment market …” „… European Parliament and of the Council of 13 April 2016 on a European network of employment services (EU …” „… with the employment market of the host society. This may be the reason why in February 2016 the United …”

Annick Masselot, Bridgette McLellan Directive 79/7/EEC on the progressive implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women in matters of social security S. 466-481

„… 79/7/EEC does not cover all forms of employment-related social security but only those schemes …” „… unemployment and persons seeking employment – and to retired or invalided workers and self-employed persons. 1 …” „… McLellan 1 2 In spite of its broad definition, Directive 79/7/EEC is strictly related to employment. As …”

Myriam Benlolo Directive 2004/38/EC on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States S. 692-713

„… relevant employment office”.45 If he has been employed for less than a year, he will retain his status for …” „… employment breaks, the gender dynamics of free movement law and curtailed citizenship: Jessy Saint Prix …” „… which a beneficiary of the right of residence encounters are temporary”.47 These two cases have strongly …”

Jule Mulder Directive 2006/54/EC on the implementation of the principle of equal opportunities and equal treatment of men and women in matters of employment and occupation (recast) S. 547-586

„… women in matters of employment and occupation (recast) Literature: Asscher-Vonk, Irene, ‘Instruction to …” „… discriminate’ [2012/1] 1 European Gender Equality Law Review 4-1; Barnard, Catherine, EU Employment Law (4th ed …” „… , ‘Positive Action for Women in Employment: Time to Align with Europe?’ (2006) 33(1) Journal of Law and …”

Martina Benecke Directive 92/85/EEC on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health at work of pregnant workers and workers who have recently given birth or are breastfeeding S. 1252-1268

„… does not perform these functions during her temporary transfer to another job.61 Employment rights …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 c) Employment rights during maternity leave (paras 2, 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 12 …” „… proposal extends the minimum length of maternity leave from 14 to 18 weeks and improves the employment …”

Tzehainesh Teklè ILO Convention 111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111) S. 612-630

„… or social security law which establish that employment-related allowances are given to the head of …” „… ILO Convention 111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111)1 …” „… Rights at Work (ILO, Geneva 2011); ILO, Equality in Employment and Occupation, Special Survey by the …”

Henner Gött Article 6 RESC The right to bargain collectively S. 286-297

„… terms and conditions of employment by means of collective agreements; 3 to promote the establishment and …” „… / Lörcher/Schömann/Clauwaert (eds), The European Social Charter and Employment Relation (2017), 249 (251 et seq.); S Evju, (fn …” „… them to be temporary (e.g. ECSR, Conclusions XX-3: Spain (2014) art 6-2). 56 CoE (fn 19) 54; ECSR …”

Siska Dubbert, Franz Christian Ebert ILO Convention 129 The Labour Inspection Convention (Agriculture), 1969 (No. 129) S. 1106-1120

„… , weekly rest and holidays, safety, health and welfare, the employment of women, children and young persons …” „… exist, labour inspectors in agriculture may assume them on a “temporary” basis, but steps should be …” „… assured of stability of employment and are independent of changes of government and of improper external …”

Giovanni Orlandini Article 21 TFEU S. 26-41

„… Employment Equality Directives (examined elsewhere in this Commentary). Case-law has confirmed that the list …” „… discrimination on grounds of sickness was contrary to the Employment Equality Directive; the Court rejected this …” „… Eulogy’ in H Verschueren (ed) Residence, Employment and Social Rights of Mobile Persons (Intersentia …”

Marta Otto Regulation (EU) 2016/679 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (General Data Protection Regulation – GDPR) S. 958-981

„… amendments of the relevant employment-specific provisions,95 one cannot underestimate its role in setting a …” „… (Oxford University Press, 2007); Marta Otto, ‘The Right to Privacy in Employment. In Search of the …” „… European Model of Protection’ (2015) 6 ELLJ 343; Marta Otto, The Right to Privacy in Employment. A …”

Siska Dubbert, Franz Christian Ebert ILO Convention 150 Labour Administration Convention, 1978 (No.150) S. 403-427

„… observed in its comments on the application of the Convention in recent years, the employment of temporary …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 c) Employment policy …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 d) “Preparation and administration of national employment policy” . . . . . . 30 e) “Coordination …”

Anne Trebilcock ILO Convention 87 Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87), Convention 98 – Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949 (No. 98) and Convention 154 – Collective Bargaining Convention, 1981 (No. 154) S. 1492-1513

„… The Convention applies to employees whose employment is permanent or temporary, full or part time.89 …” „… association and collective bargaining.19 Some, such as the Termination of Employment Convention, 1982 (No. 158 …” „… constitute valid reasons for termination of employment. 21 Declaration concerning the Aims and Purposes of …”

Naj Ghosheh, Martine Humblet, Valerio De Stefano Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 (MLC, 2006) S. 1179-1200

„… incapacity from work due to illness, injury or maternity; temporary shore leave granted under employment …” „… Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105); – the Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention …” „… out in Article VI in order to secure the right of all seafarers to decent employment. 2. Members shall …”

Franz Christian Ebert ILO Convention 182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182) S. 1165-1179

„… for work as a condition for admission to employment.2 The culmination of this development so far can …” „… Recommendation concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment, 1973, which remain fundamental instruments on …” „… Convention No. 138 which prohibits “any type of employment or work which by its nature or the circumstances …”

Iacopo Senatori Directive 2009/38/EC on the establishment of a European Works Council S. 1601-1636

„… Law. A Commentary (Wolters Kluwer, Alphen aan den Rejn 2014) 527; Catherine Barnard, EU Employment Law …” „… ); Karl Riesenhuber, European Employment Law (Intersentia, Cambridge 2012) 677; Jeremy Waddington …” „… employees’ representatives by the legislation and/or practice of the country of employment. They must not be …”

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Franz Marhold, Ulrich Becker, Eberhard Eichenhofer, Gerhard Igl, Giulio Prosperetti - Arbeits- und Sozialrecht für Europa

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Franz Marhold (ed.), Ulrich Becker (ed.), Eberhard Eichenhofer (ed.), Gerhard Igl (ed.), Giulio Prosperetti (ed.)

Arbeits- und Sozialrecht für Europa

2020

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Jan Pichrt Squared flexibility – Agency Employment in the Czech Republic S. 277-286

„… “temporary assignment” in the Czech style and transposition deficit Agency employment is usually classified …” „… temporary solution to their employment situation, especially during the period of seeking a more stable …” „… temporary nature of this type of employment was also directly reflected in the text of the Labour Code …”

Massimiliano Delfino The ‘puzzle’ of workers’ mobility in Italy S. 31-46

„… The ‘puzzle’ of workers’ mobility in Italy Massimiliano Delfino, Naples* Workers’ (temporary and …” „… , the term mobility refers to the worker's repositioning as a result of which the employment …” „… repositioning has to be temporary. Nevertheless, according to the Italian legal order, there is also a type of …”

Gertruda Uścińska Changing Work Patterns’ Impact on Social Security in Europe S. 769-778

„… reference to these issues entitle foreigners to take up temporary employment in Poland without the need to …” „… : Change of Employment Forms Typical employment (e.g. full-time job under an employment contract concluded …” „… agreements and social security law. The basis of typical employment is the permanent relationship between the …”

Elias Felten Incapacity to work: an amorphous social risk under Regulation 883/2004 S. 455-464

„… temporary or permanent the person concerned could claim a temporary pension or a pension for an unlimited …” „… carrier has to assess if the claimant still suffers from temporary invalidity and is therefore still …” „… Arbeitsmarktpolitik-Finanzierungsgesetz/AMPFG [Employment Market Policy and Finance Code]). The pension insurance carrier furthermore decides if …”

José María Miranda Boto Much Ado about Anything? The New Directive (EU) 2019/1152 on Transparent and Predictable Working Conditions in the European Union S. 157-174

„… . First, in the case of fixed-term employment relationships (called “temporary” in the proposal, even with …” „… stating that it seeks to promote employment that offers transparency2 and predictability, while also …” „… employment contract or employment relationship as defined by the law, collective agreements or practice in …”

Rob Cornelissen 60 years of European social security coordination. Achievements, controversies and challenges S. 417-434

„… the state of employment31. Extension of protection to non- EU nationals The rules of the EU …” „… entitled to family benefits from the state of employment (as the primarily or secondarily competent Member …” „… requested a modification of the Coordination Regulations, allowing the Member State of employment to index …”

Antonio Ojeda-Avilés Religious freedom versus company freedom: adjustment techniques S. 229-250

„… do that the temporary employment firms (§ 55). Thus, application of the balance of interests with its …” „… to Strike”, Employment Lawyers Association UK, s / f.; ZAHN R., “The Viking and Laval Cases in the …” „… religious organizations to prioritize the employment of candidates of the same religion, or the so-called …”

António Monteiro Fernandes On Crowdfunding for Strikes S. 175-186

„… commutative nature of the employment contract, is usually invoked in support of that rule. In some legal …” „… solution: the temporary strike fund, designed to provide some economic support to workers involved in a …”

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Markus Steuer - Die Arbeitnehmerüberlassung als Mittel zur Förderung des Arbeitsmarktes in Deutschland

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Die Arbeitnehmerüberlassung als Mittel zur Förderung des Arbeitsmarktes in Deutschland

Series: Augsburger Rechtsstudien

Volume 56 2009

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Kernpunkte der gesetzlichen Regelung der Leiharbeit in Großbritannien S. 294-299

„… , Temporary agency work: national reports United Kingdom, 2002, 4; DGB, ISA 6/2001, 7. 1586 Employment Rights …” „… Act (ERA), 1996, S. 139. 1587 Employment Rights Act (ERA), 1996, S. 94. 1588 Hegewisch, Temporary …” „… Bestand an Leiharbeitnehmern (temporary workers). So waren 1998 bereits 880.000 Leiharbeitnehmer …”

Tarifvertragliche Regelungen in der britischen Leiharbeitsbranche S. 299-300

„… 299Die Aufsicht über die Verleiher führen dabei drei Employment Agency Standards Offices.1594 Die …” „… , Einl. Rn. 532. 1596 DGB, ISA 6/2001, 7; Hegewisch, Temporary agency work: national reports United …” „… Kingdom, 2002, 21, 23. 1597 Hegewisch, Temporary agency work: national reports United Kingdom, 2002, 1 …”

Bewertung des deutschen Rechts im Lichte der französischen Regelung S. 293-294

„… Bestand an Leiharbeitnehmern (temporary workers). So waren 1998 bereits 880.000 Leiharbeitnehmer …” „… , dass es keine gesetzliche Definition von temporary agency work oder agency worker gibt. Somit werden …” „… sowohl entsandte Arbeitnehmer, die einen Arbeitsvertrag mit dem Überlassungsunternehmen (temporary work …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845216645

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europa ethnica

Browse Volumes: europa ethnica

europa ethnica Volume 78 (2021) Issue 3-4 ISSN Online: 0014-2492

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Alfiya Lyapina Contemporary Refugee Policy in Russia in 2012–2021: Contradiction between Refuge Legislation and its Implementation in Practice S. 145-154

„… Employment of the Russian Federation. The FMS had been defending the interests of refugees until it was …” „… temporary asylum permits issued in Russia increased, mainly due to the inflows of refugees from Ukraine …” „… , there were 2,822 people with temporary asylum in Russia, majority being from Afghanistan. But by the …”

doi.org/10.24989/0014-2492-2021-34

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