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Katharina Steinbrück - Changing Consumer Law in the United Kingdom after Brexit?

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Katharina Steinbrück

Changing Consumer Law in the United Kingdom after Brexit?

2021

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Part II: Consumer Credit Status Quo S. 129-216

„… Part II: Consumer Credit Status Quo European Legislation on Consumer Credit This section first …” „… introduces the European approach to consumer protection regulation and then focusses on the European …” „… Directives concerning consumer credit (together hereinafter the “Consumer Credit Directives”), namely Council …”

Annex 2 Statistics relating to Consumer Credit S. 371-380

„… Statistics relating to Consumer Credit Outstanding Consumer Loans and Total Outstanding Loans to …” „… private individuals per 31 December (millions) and proportion of Outstanding Consumer Loans in relation to …” „… ) Total Consumers % (ca.) Total1597 Consumers1598 % (ca.) 2019 1,678,653 225,373 13.42 1,288,420 238,009 …”

Part III: Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Status Quo S. 217-350

„… Part III: Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Status Quo European Legislation on Unfair Terms in …” „… Consumer Contracts The Unfair Contract Terms Directive was introduced in 1993 as one of the first and still …” „… most notable and legislative consumer protection mechanisms. Although, the Unfair Contract Terms …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-22

„… Consumer Contracts II. 231 ‘A New Deal for Consumers’III. 233 Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts in the …” „… Changing Consumer Law in the United Kingdom after Brexit? Katharina Steinbrück A Study in Laws …” „… governing Consumer Credit and Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts in the United Kingdom, Germany, Norway …”

Part IV: Conclusions – New found Freedom for the UK? S. 351-366

„… English law have revealed that the European Directives on consumer credit and unfair terms in consumer …” „… several opportunities of influence. Thus, for example consumer credit legislation has been influenced …” „… heavily by prior British legislative efforts. While in the beginning the implementation of the consumer …”

Part I: Basis of the Research S. 23-128

„… , European consumer law shall serve as a sample for such an analysis. Consumer law is an area which has been …” „… consumer law an important feature of achieving internal market integration. This approach shows that …” „… consumer legislation can now be considered an important internal market feature. Stricter consumer …”

Bibliography S. 381-428

„… ) Kelly-Louw, Michelle; Nehf, James P.; Rott, Peter The Future of Consumer Credit Regulation: Creative …” „… publishers 2010) Leczykiewicz, Dorota; Weatherill, Stephen The Images of the Consumer in EU Law: Legislation …” „… Consumer Credit in Global Perspective: Business, Regulation and Culture (Palgrave Macmillan 2012 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748926559

Bettina Heiderhoff, Reiner Schulze - Verbraucherrecht und Verbraucherverhalten

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Bettina Heiderhoff (ed.), Reiner Schulze (ed.)

Verbraucherrecht und Verbraucherverhalten

Series: Europäisches Privatrecht

Volume 44 2016

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Peter Møgelvang-Hansen Consumer Law and Consumer Behaviour: Some Illustrations S. 33-44

„… Consumer Law and Consumer Behaviour: Some Illustrations Peter Møgelvang-Hansen 1. The following …” „… remarks deal with some aspects of the relation between actual consumer behaviour and consumer protection …” „… illustrate how and to what extent consumer law can benefit from empirically based knowledge of consumer …”

Geraint Howells Consumer Credit and Behavioural Economics S. 59-82

„… Teil II: Materielles Recht Consumer Credit and Behavioural Economics Geraint Howells* Behavioural …” „… consumer regulation. The EU has had three major conferences on the theme1 and the British Cabinet Office …” „… has set up a Behavioural Insights Team that has engaged with consumer affairs.2 Some people may feel …”

Christian Twigg-Flesner Does the Codification of Consumer Law Improve the Ability of Consumers to Enforce Their Rights? – A UK-Perspective S. 211-230

„… Does the Codification of Consumer Law Improve the Ability of Consumers to Enforce Their Rights? – A …” „… how consumer law and policy could be re-shaped to reflect more accurately the way consumers really …” „… behave, rather than how they ought to behave on the basis of the economic model of the rational consumer …”

Raffaele Caterina Beyond Error Psychology’s (Not-So-Easy) Lesson for Consumer Law S. 45-58

„… Beyond Error Psychology’s (Not-So-Easy) Lesson for Consumer Law Raffaele Caterina Introduction For …” „… themselves is seen as the fundament of contractual freedom. If human beings in general, and consumers in …” „… may be realistically neutral from the point of view of the consumer’s interests: the problem is the …”

Elena Grasso, Cristina Poncibò Nutrition Labelling Chaos: How Far Shall We Go in Nudging Consumers? S. 119-148

„… Nutrition Labelling Chaos: How Far Shall We Go in Nudging Consumers?* Elena Grasso/Cristina Poncibò …” „… Introduction The role that the EU may or should play to ensure that the food we consume keeps us healthy and …” „… fit is not very clear: does EU Food Law protect consumers’ health, in addition to consumers’ safety …”

Joasia Luzak Empirical Evidence in Consumer Law Cases: What Are ‘Up To’ Claims Up To? S. 231-260

„… Empirical Evidence in Consumer Law Cases: What Are ‘Up To’ Claims Up To? Joasia Luzak Introduction …” „… would seem that in consumer law cases empirical evidence should play a major role in the decision-making …” „… case. For example, it could illustrate whether a certain consumer good performs conforming the …”

Fernando Gómez, Karolina Lyczkowska Preliminary References on Consumer Law from Spanish Courts: A Law and Economics Perspective S. 149-186

„… Teil III: Rechtsdurchsetzung Preliminary References on Consumer Law from Spanish Courts: A Law and …” „… Economics Perspective* Fernando Gómez/Karolina Lyczkowska Introduction: consumer cases, European law, and …” „… the European Union (CJEU) over the years, it is fair to say that some of the landmark consumer …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Verbraucherrecht und Verbraucherverhalten Bettina Heiderhoff/Reiner Schulze (Hrsg.) Consumer Law …” „… and Consumer Behaviour Europäisches Privatrecht 44 Nomos Europäisches Privatrecht Sektion B …” „… .) Verbraucherrecht und Verbraucherverhalten Consumer Law and Consumer Behaviour Nomos BUT_Heiderhoff_2722-3.indd …”

Franziska Weber Ökonomische Analyse verschiedener Rechtsdurchsetzungmechanismen im Verbraucherrecht S. 187-210

„… for Damages in Consumer Law’ (2008) 1 Erasmus Law Review 5; Fabrizio Cafaggi & Hans-Werner Micklitz …” „… , New Frontiers of Consumer Protection – The Interplay Between Private and Public Enforcement …” „… Consumer Law – A Comparative Analysis of Package Travel and Misleading Advertising (Ashgate 2014). 187 …”

Bettina Heiderhoff, Reiner Schulze Verbraucherrecht und Verbraucherverhalten – Einführung S. 9-32

„… European Consumer Law and Policy’ in Hans-Wolfgang Micklitz (Hrsg), Rechtseinheit oder Rechtsvielfalt in …” „… –144/99 Kommission v Niederlande [2001] ECR I–3541. 20 Study on Consumer Detriment in the area of Dynamic …” „… Packages consumers/archive/rights/docs/study_consumer_detriment_dyna_packages_en. pdf …”

Piotr Tereszkiewicz Fremdwährungskredite als Frage des Verbraucherschutzes Eine Zwischenbilanz S. 83-118

„… Rechtsprodukt, (Mohr Siebeck 1991). 2 Zu Grundlagen dieser Aufteilung: Philip Nelson, ‘Information and Consumer …” „… , Economics and Psychology in Consumer Markets (OUP 2012) 130ff. Piotr Tereszkiewicz 86 zu substantiierende …” „… Consumer Finance SA v Ingrid Bakkaus u.a. [2014] ECR I–nyr, wonach die Beweislast für die Erfüllung der …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845270678

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Thomas Roethe

Der Verbraucher

Series: Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Europäisches Wirtschafts- und Verbraucherrecht e.V.

Volume 35 2014

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The Serbian Consumer S. 113-194

„… 113 The Serbian Consumer1 aus: Karanikic/Micklitz/Reich, Modernising Consumer Law – The Experience …” „… only lead to autonomy, and a startling autonomy at that. In the first round of interviews, consumer …” „… within the landscape of consumer organisations in Serbia. In fact, one of our first findings uncovered …”

The Albanian Consumer S. 61-84

„… 61 The Albanian Consumer Bislang unveröffentlicht The following short study is supposed to give an …” „… impression what is it about in Albania with consumer law and consumer protection, how is it done. For this …” „… . a consumer 5. representatives of the consumer association ACA 6. a representative of the consumer …”

Der Verbraucher – ein transitorisches Wesen S. 29-60

„… gesellschaftliche Realität bewahrt. Seine Frage, „...will the existence of an European consumer pre-date the …” „… construction of an European consumer law or is it European consumer law which will create an European consumer …” „… ?“, bedient sich derselben Überlegung. Vgl. St. Weatherill, The Evolution of European Consumer Law and Policy …”

Der chinesische Verbraucher S. 85-112

„… and Offices for Telecommunication; square4 Consumer reviews; square4 The label system itself could …” „… , die sich bisweilen finden, genügen beileibe nicht dem Anspruch auf “consumer friendliness“, der in …” „… Provinzen die Konsumentenbeschwerden eine ansteigende Tendenz zeigen. “While consumer complaints about …”

Vorwort S. 5-10

„… Wesen 29 The Albanian Consumer 61 Der chinesische Verbraucher 85 The Serbian Consumer 113 Der …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845251240

Simone Kuhlmann, Fabrizio De Gregorio, Martin Fertmann, Hannah Ofterdinger, Anton Sefkow - Transparency or Opacity

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Simone Kuhlmann (ed.), Fabrizio De Gregorio (ed.), Martin Fertmann (ed.), Hannah Ofterdinger (ed.), Anton Sefkow (ed.)

Transparency or Opacity

Series: Junges Digitales Recht | Young Digital Law

Volume 1 2023

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Elena Freisinger, Juliane Mendelsohn Algorithm-friendly consumers – Consumer-friendly algorithms? S. 71-94

„… Algorithmically enhanced consumersConsumers’ choice and actions interactions can be altered and enhanced by …” „… autonomy.Assisted consumersSeveral search and rank algorithms, as well as algorithms based on previously determined …” „… suboptimal.Algorithmic consumersA new generation of algorithms takes such assistance one step further, making and …”

Kostina Prifti, Joris Krijger, Tamara Thuis, Evert Stamhuis From Bilateral to Ecosystemic Transparency: Aligning GDPR’s Transparency Obligations with the European Digital Ecosystem of Trust S. 115-140

„… requirements are made available to consumers.Output-based oversight becomes necessary considering that, due to …” „… relation between organizations and individuals. Similar to consumer protection laws, the GDPR puts the …” „… . Sartor, Algorithmic transparency and explainability for EU consumer protection: unwrapping the regulatory …”

Alessandro Parenti, Marco Billi Building Trust in Smart Legal Contracts S. 95-114

„… contract is concluded.24 The EU Directive of Unfair Contract Terms states that the consumer should have a …” „… conditions are accessible through hyperlinks. The EU directive on consumer rights takes one more step by also …” „… providing that, in order for the consumer to be bound by a contract falling under the scope of the directive …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… Freisinger and Jun.-Prof. Dr. Juliane Mendelsohn explore the interplay between algorithms and consumer …” „… Informationspflichten 49Gordian Konstantin EbnerII. Algorithms and AutomationAlgorithm-friendly consumers …” „… – Consumer-friendly algorithms? 71Elena Freisinger and Juliane MendelsohnBuilding Trust in Smart Legal Contracts 95 …”

Gordian Konstantin Ebner Weniger ist Mehr! Impulse für eine Neuregulierung der datenschutzrechtlichen Informationspflichten S. 49-68

„… Ooijen/H. Vrabec, Does the GDPR Enhance Consumers’ Control over Personal Data? An Analysis from a …” „… Behavioural Perspective, Journal of Consumer Policy 2019, 91 (94 f.).17 T. Gerpott, Datenschutzerklärungen …” „… ähnliche Regelungssystematik findet sich im California Consumer Privacy Rights Act in Sec. 1798.100 …”

Paul Nolan Too Much Transparency Is Not Always a Good Thing? S. 167-184

„… clinical workflow; enable high quality direct-to-consumer services,8 such as wearable monitoring devices9 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748936060

Hubert Heinelt, Michèle Knodt - Policies within the EU Multi-Level System

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Hubert Heinelt (ed.), Michèle Knodt (ed.)

Policies within the EU Multi-Level System

2011

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Martin Große Hüttmann Consumer Policy S. 189-204

„… 189 Consumer Policy Martin Große Hüttmann 1. Introduction The field of consumer policy features …” „… . Furthermore, the field of consumer policy belongs to those areas in which the European Commission attempts to …” „… states in its EU Consumer Policy Strategy for the period from 2007 to 2013 that ‘consumer policy is …”

Peter Kotzian Health Policy S. 261-282

„… health policy was established at the EU level by setting up a directorate for health and consumer …” „… approved by the national health system of the consumer. All costs were to be reimbursed at the rates of …” „… ). The most recent action programme in the domain of health and consumer protection runs for seven years …”

Peter H. Feindt Agricultural Policy S. 205-230

„… ; d) to ensure the availability of supplies; e) to ensure that supplies reach consumers at reasonable …” „… policy development. The reasonable consumer prices goal does not require a ‘cheap food policy’ as was …” „… (1986). But in the milk sector the burden of the levy was widely shifted to consumers so that it failed …”

Hubert Heinelt, Michèle Knodt Conclusion S. 385-408

„… policy fields of consumer protection, agriculture, health and traffic as well as labour and employment …” „… systems structural funds foreign and security policy consumer protection development policy …” „… as consumer protection (Große Hüttman in this volume). Since the 1990s, Greenpeace’s media campaign …”

Michael Blauberger, Annette Elisabeth Töller Competition Policy S. 123-152

„… market prices and with well-informed consumers able to compare prices and product quality. Consumer …” „… the detriment of the consumers, or if markets are collectively dominated by a few big firms. Unlike …” „… to be advantageous to the EU as a whole, (ii) it had to benefit consumers, (iii) it had to be …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-6

„… Consumer Policy Martin Große Hüttmann 189 Agricultural Policy Peter H. Feindt 205 6 Labour and …”

Christoph Knill, Jale Tosun Environmental Policy S. 171-188

„… Environmental and Consumer Protection and Nuclear Safety. Subsequently, the Community’s first action programme …” „… European Environmental Policy and Consumer Protection, in: Smismans, Stijn (ed.): Civil Society and …” „… , Andrew/Wurzel, Rüdiger K. W./Zito, Anthony/Brückner, Lars, 2004: Consumer responsibility-taking and …”

Hubert Heinelt, Michèle Knodt Introduction: EU Policies in the European Multi-level System S. 7-20

„… from consumer protection and environment policy. 8 For the role of environmental groups as …” „… : Comparing Civil Society Participation in European Environmental Policy and Consumer Protection, in …”

Michèle Knodt Common Commercial Policy S. 59-80

„… and consumer organisations were represented as well as economic actors. This was the first …”

Dieter Wolf Monetary Policy S. 101-122

„… offered cheaper refinancing of consumer and investment credits and, hence, signalled the intention of the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845228266

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