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Shira Becker-Alon - The Communitarian Dimension of the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy

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Shira Becker-Alon

The Communitarian Dimension of the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy

Series: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Volume 83 2011

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Chemical weapons control: recourse back to national measures. S. 71

„… 714. Chemical weapons control: recourse back to national measures. This example of action within …” „… Community instruments. Following the UN report confirming the use of chemical weapons in the Iran–Iraq war …” „… chemicals and their close connection with weapons explain the unwillingness of the Member States to act …”

Export controls of dual-use goods in the European Political Cooperation (EPC)–EEC framework S. 233-234

„… Cooperation (EPC)–EEC framework Pursuant to the 1989 international conference on chemical weapons, held in …” „… chemical weapons. Subsequently, while taking into consideration that the interests of the Member States and …” „… production of chemical weapons) will be regulated by means of urgent, effective measures and that these …”

Provisions in Community law, authorizing Member States’ unilateral actions regarding export control of dual-use goods S. 231-233

„… conference on chemical weapons, held in Paris, discussions in the context of the EPC led to a consensus that …” „… could be used for the production of chemical weapons. Subsequently, while taking into consideration that …” „… products (that could be used for the production of chemical weapons) will be regulated by means of urgent …”

The 1982 sanctions against the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR): action within the Community after disagreement within the EPC. S. 70-71

„… ) 877/82 of 16 April 1982, OJ L 102/1, 16 April 1982). 714. Chemical weapons control: recourse back to …” „… the use of chemical weapons in the Iran–Iraq war, it was decided within the EPC to compare national …” „… States. The sensitive nature of these chemicals and their close connection with weapons explain the …”

Restrictive measures against the Apartheid regime in South Africa: combination of different legal bases. S. 71-72

„… 714. Chemical weapons control: recourse back to national measures. This example of action within …” „… Community instruments. Following the UN report confirming the use of chemical weapons in the Iran–Iraq war …” „… chemicals and their close connection with weapons explain the unwillingness of the Member States to act …”

Export control of dual-use goods in the international context S. 227-228

„… discretion.1003 Besides the WA, the Treaty on the Non Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the Chemical …” „… chemical and biological weapon proliferation),1004 the Zangger Committee, the Nuclear Supplier Group and …” „… Weapons Convention and the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention are further international agreements that …”

Article 133 of the TEC as a legal basis for export control of dual-use goods: the European Court of Justice (ECJ)’s approach S. 228-230

„… Nuclear Weapons and the Chemical Weapons Convention and the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention are further …” „… the risk of assisting chemical and biological weapon proliferation),1004 the Zangger Committee, the …” „… weapons for mass destruction, such as “the Australian Group” (an informal arrangement aiming to minimize …”

The establishment of a cross-pillar system S. 234-236

„… for the development or production of chemical weapons or that there was a risk of them being delivered …” „… to certain chemical products, that was to be issued by the competent authorities in the Member States …” „… ). The Annex to the Regulation listed the chemical products with regard to which the authorization was …”

Export authorizations: division of competences under the Community system S. 240-241

„… assisting in any way in the manufacture of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices” (Article 2(a …” „… the items in question may be intended for use in connection with chemical, biological or nuclear …” „… weapons (Article 4(1)), or when the purchasing country or country of destination is subject to an arms …”

Evaluation of the Community regime of export controls of dual-use items and technology S. 241-243

„… intended for use in connection with chemical, biological or nuclear weapons (Article 4(1)), or when the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-15

„… Republics (USSR): action within the Community after disagreement within the EPC. 704. Chemical weapons …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845231198

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Jon Mitchell

Poisoning the Pacific

2020

doi.org/10.5771/9781538130346

Paolo Foradori - Still the Century of Overkill?

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Paolo Foradori (ed.)

Still the Century of Overkill?

Series: Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Studies

Volume 1 2014

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Stefano Borgiani The role of the international community in addressig the threat of chemical weapons in war-torn societies: The Syrian case S. 185-204

„… weapons.Chemical weapons delivery means and disseminationChemical warfare does not depend upon explosive force to …” „… , directly or indirectly, chemical weapons to anyone;(b) To use chemical weapons;(c) To engage in any …” „… military preparations to use chemical weapons;(d) To assist, encourage or induce, in any way, anyone to …”

Giulio M. Mancini Biological weapons and biowarfare: Historical perspectives and challenges for the 21st century S. 119-140

„… biological and chemical weapons(CW): biochemical threats range from classical chemical weapons to genetically …” „… WeaponsResearch, Development and Use from the Middle Ages to 1945, SIPRI Chemical &Biological Warfare Studies No …” „… to extensivecultures. Third, while nuclear and chemical weapons technologies havehardly changed …”

Carlo Trezza The use and threat of use of nuclear weapons: Humanitarian implications S. 107-118

„… Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons(OPCW), based in The Hague. The use of chemical weapons …” „… particularly to chemical and biological weapons. The key puzzlethat this chapter then focuses on is the logic …” „… destruction and the humanitarian principleThe casualties caused by chemical weapons during World War I were …”

Paolo Foradori Introduction S. 13-24

„… the very differentcategories of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear weapons(CBRN) which are …” „… whereby, WMD are‘atomic explosive weapons, radioactive material weapons, lethal chemical and biological …” „… measures of protection against their use. For example,chemical weapons are relatively easy to manufacture …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-12

„… ConventionBW Biological WeaponsCBRN Chemical, Biological, Radiological and NuclearCBMs Confidence-building …” „… MeasuresCBN Chemical, Biological and NuclearCBW Chemical and Biological WeaponsCCP Chinese Communist PartyCD …” „… Protection of NuclearMaterialCTBT Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban TreatyCW Chemical WeaponsCWC Chemical …”

Nico Frandi EU nonproliferation and disarmament policies: Towards a united and global role S. 205-224

„… , Organization for the Prohibition ofChemical Weapons-OPCW, etc.).If this multilateral activity has at its core …” „… Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), and have a …” „… and use by terrorists of nuclear, biological,and chemical weapons and materials. To this end, around …”

Enrico Fiorentini Nuclear security in the 21st century: The role of UNSCR 1540 and its shortcomings S. 65-86

„… ‘proliferation of nuclear, chemical andbiological weapons and their delivery means constitutes a threat to …” „… ofdelivering nuclear, chemical or biological weapons’; ‘related materials’ are ‘materials,equipment and …” „… chemical, biological and nuclear weapons as well as theirdelivery systems constitutes a threat to …”

Paolo Foradori A WMD-free zone in the Middle East: Challenges and opportunities S. 163-184

„… able to produce chemical weapons(Blair 2012). This gloomy picture becomes even worse as many …” „… the threat posed by the presenceof chemical and biological weapons in the region (UN Conference on …” „… Disarmament 1990). Linking bans on chemical and biological weapons with aban on nuclear weapons was also …”

Mirco Elena Nuclear proliferation: Shadows, lights and reflections S. 87-106

„… nuclear weapon. […] reactor grade Pu is weaponsusable...’ (US Department of Energy 1997).Nuclear …” „… 2: Properties of Plutonium Isotopes, Relevant to Nuclear WeaponsProductionIsotope Critical …” „… chemical reaction, we can easily understandwhy nuclear energy is so powerful and its effects so great.As we …”

Giorgio Franceschini Three roads to nuclear zero. Perspectives for nuclear disarmament in the 21st century S. 25-44

„… weapons of terror – like biologicaland chemical weapons – which no longer have any legitimacy in …” „… .Atwood, D. and Munro, E.J. (eds) (2013) Security in A World without Nuclear Weapons:Visions and …” „… ) ‘Nuclear Fusion Power for WeaponsPurposes’, The Nonproliferation Review, 20, 3: 525-44.19 This imbalance is …”

Paolo Rosa China and nuclear weapons. Between modernization and nonproliferation S. 141-162

„… Treaty 1991Non-proliferation Treaty 1992Chemical Weapons Convention 1993Convention on Nuclear Safety 1994 …” „… weapons:The PLA Second Artillery Force (PLASAF) is a core force for China’s strategicdeterrence. It is mainly …” „… threemajor goals set forth in the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons(NPT): preventing the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845253510

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S&F Sicherheit und Frieden

Browse Volumes: S&F Sicherheit und Frieden

S+F Volume 36 (2018) Issue 3 ISSN Online: 0175-274x

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Mirko Himmel Das Bio- und Chemiewaffenübereinkommen: zwei Rüstungskontrollverträge in der Krise? S. 146-158

„… . for Not Doing So. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/27/world/ europe/russia putin chemical weapons.html …” „… Chemical Weapons Conversations: Two Arms Control Treaties in Crisis? Abstract: Chemical and biological …” „… norms. For instance, the continuous use of chemical weapons during the Syrian civil war exposes the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… undergoing critical developments: the Biological and Chemical Weapons Conventions. The repeated and …” „… controversial use of chemical weapons in the Syrian war has illustrated the weaknesses of the system. Himmel …” „… Biological and Chemical Weapons Agreements should be understood as modern tools, which need to be further …”

Max M. Mutschler Rüstungsexportkontrolle durch den internationalen Waffenhandelsvertrag S. 121-125

„… , Norms and Deterrence: The Nuclear and Chemical Weapons Taboos, in: Peter J. Katzenstein (Hg.), The Cul …”

Tobias Burgers, David Ryland Scott Robinson Keep Dreaming: Cyber Arms Control is Not a Viable Policy Option S. 140-145

„… of irrational motivations? We see none. Unlike chemical weapons in Europe post World War I, nuclear …” „… nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons. But even if a nation or polity were capable of controlling …” „… Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) and Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) arms control …”

Anne Dienelt The Shadowy Existence of the Weapons Review and Its Impact on Disarmament* S. 126-132

„… with arms, such as biological and chemical weapons, incendiary weapons and landmines, among others …” „… of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction …” „… disarmament law, such as the NPT Regime or the Chemical Weapons Conventions and its mechanisms, might also …”

doi.org/10.5771/0175-274X-2018-3

Rainer Oestmann - Multinationale Befehlsausgabe

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Rainer Oestmann

Multinationale Befehlsausgabe

2012

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G Vokabelverzeichnis Deutsch - Englisch S. 231-322

„… – releasing commander Truppenführer (nuclear weapons)(A-Waffen)– Freischärler – guerrilla– Fremdstrom …” „… ~ (atomar, biologisch, (chemical, biological, chemisch) radiological, nuclear)• Abtriftmeldung • drift …” „… substances• Kampfmittel • munitions, weapons• Kampfmittel, • employment ofEinsatz von ~ CBRN weapons• Lage …”

B Einsatz S. 15-104

„… fireFeuerschwerpunkt main fire effortFlachfeuerwaffen direct-fire weapons(direktes feuer)Flankenbedrohung threat of …” „… weapons(indirektes Feuer)Täuschmaßnahmen deception operations Täuschung deceptionTäuschungsangriff feint …” „… ordonance(UXO)blocking position (reserve)combat air support (air force)assembly area (reserve)weapons …”

F Abkürzungen S. 203-230

„… Departure Abfahrzeit ATGW Anti-Tank Guided Weapon gelenkte Pz Abw Waffe ATk Anti-Tank Pz Abwehr atk …” „… Deutsch Abk BCW Bacteriological and Chemical Bakteriologische und Warfare chemische Kampfführung bde …” „… Civil Defense Zivile Verteidigung CDM Chemical Downwind Message BC-Abdriftmeldung cdo commando …”

H Vokabelverzeichnis Englisch - Deutsch S. 323-411

„… – Flugabwehrkampfinstruction anweisung• defense – Flugabwehraufklärung reconnaissance• defense weapons – Feuerregelung …” „… Streitkräfte Europe Europa Nord• Tactical Air Force – Alliierte Taktische Luftflotte– all-weather weapon …” „… stimmungsgerät– antiaircraft – Flugabwehr– antiaircraft weapons – Fliegerabwehrwaffen– antidazzle protection …”

D Führungsunterstützung S. 151-182

„… , chemical capabilitiesb) friendly forces (additional resources) 2. mission 3. executiona) concept of …” „… – air defense artillery controlled supply ratee) chemical support– special control arrangements– troop …” „… , group/squadron, wingbrigadedivisioncorpsarmy, field~army groupheadquarterscommand postequipment,weapon …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783802926808

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