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Hinrich Schröder - Die völkerrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit im Zusammenhang mit failed und failing States

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Hinrich Schröder

Die völkerrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit im Zusammenhang mit failed und failing States

Reihe: Völkerrecht und Außenpolitik

Band 77 2007

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Zusammenfassung: Die Verantwortlichkeit der Vereinten Nationen gegenüber failed und failing States S. 255

„… StatesDer Sicherheitsrat hat damit im Falle eines failed oder failing State regelmäßig einRecht, jedoch …” „… 2554. Zusammenfassung: Die Verantwortlichkeit der Vereinten Nationen gegenüberfailed und failing …” „… völkerrechtlichverantwortlich sein wird. Im Übrigen richtet sich die völkerrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit der Vereinten Nationen …”

Literaturverzeichnis S. 261-274

„… Intervention durch den Sicherheitsrat der Vereinten Nationen im„Failed State“ – Das Beispiel Somalia, Frankfurt …” „… - System of the Law of Nations 1 – State Responsiblilty, Oxford 1983- Principles of Public International …” „… Staatslehre, 2. Aufl., Stuttgart u.a. 1966Kühne, Winrich: The United Nations, Fragmenting States, and the Need …”

Somalia (seit 1988) S. 23-34

„… (Laitin/Samatar,Somalia: Nation in Search of a State, S. 5).32 Alle Somalier sprechen Somali (vgl. Krech, Der Bürgerkrieg …” „… UnitedNations and senior officials of the league of Arab States, the Organiszation of African Unityand the …” „… durch die Vereinten Nationen: Statement by the Presidentof the Security Council vom 11. Januar 2001 …”

Einleitung S. 17-22

„… ” (Cooper, Gibt es eine neue Welt-Ordnung?, S. 508) und „FragmentingState” (Kühne, The United Nations …” „… allerdings zunächst ohne die Autorisierung der Vereinten Nationen16. Im Falle von failed und failing States …” „… failing States Wirkung entfalten (Abschnitt D/I). Die Verantwortlichkeit der Vereinten Nationen im …”

Anwendbares Völkerrecht S. 181-189

„… StatesBei der Beurteilung der völkerrechtlichen Verantwortlichkeit von Staaten und internationalen …” „… mercenaries, for incursion into the territory ofanother State.Every State has the duty to refrain from …” „… frontiers of States.Every State likewise has the duty to refrain from the threat or use of force to …”

Failed States als Friedensbedrohung im Sinne des Art. 39 UN-Charta S. 225-251

„… 225zum Schutz der Bevölkerung von failed und failing States als auch für humanitäreInterventionen …” „… Beseitigung einer Gefahrenquelle auf dem Territorium einesfailed State erlaubt. II. Verantwortlichkeit der …” „… Vereinten Nationen durch Missachtung der Grenzen desVII. Kapitels der UN-ChartaDie Vereinten Nationen können …”

Rechtfertigungsgründe S. 189-224

„… a. Einwilligungaa. Einwilligung durch einen failed State?Eine rechtfertigende Einwilligung in das …” „… einwilligen. bb. Einwilligung durch einen failing StateFailing States verfügen zwar noch über ein …” „… States,S. 321 ff.; Doswald-Beck, Intervention by Invitation, S. 190.893 Schindler, Die Grenzen des …”

Staatsqualität aufgrund der Bedürfnisse der internationalen Gemeinschaft S. 72-79

„… , The Charter of the United Nations.338 Murswiek, Diskussionsbeitrag zu „The failed State“, S. 150.339 …” „… in: Simma, The Charter of the United Nations.347 Murswiek, Diskussionsbeitrag zu „The failed State …” „… rechtlichen Fortbestand des failed State.bb. Friedensfunktion des VölkerrechtsAuch die Friedensfunktion des …”

Zusammenfassung S. 224-225

„… einesfailed State erlaubt. II. Verantwortlichkeit der Vereinten Nationen durch Missachtung der Grenzen desVII …” „… 2243. ZusammenfassungFailed und failing States sind in gleichem Maße wie uneingeschränkt …” „… failing States vollumfänglich das Völkerrecht zu beachten. Diesgilt insbesondere für das Gewalt- und das …”

Das Verhalten internationaler Organisationen S. 82-83

„… Staatsqualität von failing StatesDer Haupteinwand gegen die Staatsqualität des failed States ist der Mangel an …” „… international nochals Staat behandelt wurde, zeigt sich vor allem darin, dass Somalia bei den Vereinten Nationen …” „… Bedeutsamkeit des Nichtausschlusses einesStaates aus den Vereinten Nationen ergibt sich aus den Regeln über das …”

Maßnahmen im Sinne des VII. Kapitels der UN-Charta im Spannungsfeld zwischen Friedenssicherung und Selbstbestimmungsrecht der Völker S. 251-254

„… an die gewaltsame Befriedung eines nichtinternationalen Konflikts eine1238 Geiß, „Failed States“, S …” „… der Mitglieder der VereintenNationen, S. 87 ff.1240 Malanczuk, Humanitarian Intervention, S. 25.252 …” „… Rechtsgrundlage für UN-Verwaltungen in failed und failing States kommt regelmäßig allein das VII. Kapitel der …”

Handlungspflicht des Sicherheitsrats? S. 254-255

„… gegenüberfailed und failing StatesDer Sicherheitsrat hat damit im Falle eines failed oder failing State regelmäßig …” „… Damit stellt die Hochrangige Kommission auch auf die Situation in failed undfailing States ab.Soweit …” „… herausgebildet. 1256 Kelsen, The Law of the United Nations, S. 270; Menk, Gewalt für den Frieden, S. 63;Schilling …”

Verzeichnis der verwerteten Judikate S. 275-278

„… the Admission of a State to the United Nations, Gutachten vom 3. März 1950, ICJ Rep. 1950, S. 3 ff …” „… , Georges W. Hopkins (USA) v. United Mexican States,RIAA IV, S. 41 ff. (Hopkins-Fall)General Claims …” „… United States-Venzuela, Dix Case, RIAA IX, S. 119 ff. (Dix-Fall)Mixed Claims Commission United …”

Anwendbare Tatbestände S. 143-170

„… für die Anwendbarkeit des Völkerstrafrechts auf failed State-Situationen auch insofern von Bedeutung …” „… völkerrechtlich anerkannten Verbrechenstatbestände im Rahmen einer failed State-Situation verstoßen, individuell …” „… : „International humanitarian law has, to a large extent, grown beyond its state-centredbeginnings (...) The …”

Afghanistan (seit 1989) S. 54-56

„… : EPIL IV, S. 603).239 So auch van Eijk, The United Nations and the Reconstruction of Collapsed States in …” „… demnach um einen failed State,während die Situation in den übrigen Ländern unter dem Terminus failing …” „… 54Daraufhin verhängte der Sicherheitsrat der Vereinten Nationen im September 1993ein Waffen- und …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… Nationen durch Missachtung der Grenzen des VII. Kapitels der UN-Charta 225121. Failed States als …” „… failed und failing StatesNomos1. Auflage 2007© Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 2007. Printed in …” „… anderer Staaten gegenüber Somalia 27d. Die Reaktion der Vereinten Nationen 1992-1995 28e. Die Entwicklung …”

Merkmale, in denen sich failed und failing States voneinander unterscheiden S. 61-64

„… Begriffe failed State und failing StateFailed States sind demnach ehemals der Drei-Elementen-Lehre …” „… 612. Merkmale, in denen sich failed und failing States voneinander unterscheidena. Ausmaß des …” „… einer Regierung in failing States erscheint vor dem Hintergrund des Effektivitätsprinzips zunächst …”

Anwendbares Völkerrecht S. 107-138

„… völkerrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit von failing StatesIm Unterschied zu failed States ist im Falle von failing …” „… den Genfer Abkommen (nur in failing States)Weitere auf nichtinternationale Konflikte anwendbare Regeln …” „… States die Zurechnung derNichterfüllung von Verhinderungs- und Unterlassungspflichten nicht von …”

Gemeinsame Merkmale von failed und failing States S. 56-61

„… (Doehring, State, in: EPIL IV, S. 603).239 So auch van Eijk, The United Nations and the Reconstruction of …” „… , From Nation State to Failed State: International Protection from Human RightsAbuses by Non-State Agents …” „… handelt es sich demnach um einen failed State,während die Situation in den übrigen Ländern unter dem …”

Verantwortlichkeit von failed States S. 84-103

„… ) angelegt (Brownlie, System of the Law of Nations – StateResponsiblilty, S. 162; Herdegen, Völkerrecht, § 58 …” „… Nations – State Responsibility, S. 159; Gusy VölkerrechtlicheVerantwortlichkeit der Staaten für Handlungen …” „… und failing StatesDie völkerrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit von failed und failing States ist im …”

Kontinuität durch Erhalt der Unabhängigkeit S. 66-72

„… , The United Nations and the Reconstruction of Collapsed States in Africa, S. 582.279 Der Terminus Staat …” „… 66B. Staatsqualität von failed und failing StatesZur Bestimmung der Staatsqualität eines sozialen …” „… Staatsqualität von failed und failing States zu verneinen. Einbevölkertes Territorium ohne eine effektive …”

Das Verhalten der Staaten S. 81-82

„… , wenn sich auf dem Territorium des failed State mehrere neue Staaten gebildet haben oder in dem eher …” „… Praxis im Hinblick auf die Staatsqualitätvon failed States beschränkt sich auf den bislang einzigen Fall …” „… ostafrikanischen Landes geschlossen werden könnte. 358 Marek, Identity and Continuity of States, S. 188; Doehring …”

Abkürzungsverzeichnis S. 13-16

„… ASEAN Association of South-East Asian NationsAufl. AuflageAYIL African Yearbook of International Law …” „… GroupECOWAS Economic Community of West African States ELN Ejército de Liberación NacionalEMRK Konvention zum …” „… Opération des Nations Unies au Congo15ONUSAL United Nations Observer Mission in El SalvadorOVG …”

Kambodscha (1982-1993) S. 48-53

„… Generalversammlung die Aufnahme Kambodschas in dieVereinten Nationen (GA Res. 995 (X) vom 14. Dezember 1955). Vgl …” „… Kambodscha, S. 38.198 Dazu: The United Nations and Cambodia, S. 63. Das Regime der Roten Khmer unter Pol …” „… Cambodia.202 The United Nations and Cambodia, S. 5.50b. Der Verlauf des BürgerkriegsZwischen den Fraktionen …”

Zurechenbares Verhalten S. 138-140

„… ofstate liability for acts affecting other states“625. Im Namibia-Gutachten setzte sichder IGH zwar mit …” „… Non-State Entities, S. 333 ff.628 Hailbronner in: Vitzthum, Völkerrecht, 3. Abschn. Rn. 2.629 Kritik an der …” „… staatszentristischen Sicht der ILC übt unter anderem Allott, State Responsibilityand the Unmaking of International Law …”

Durchsetzung der Verantwortlichkeit S. 141-143

„… failed und failing States und wird deshalb imfolgenden Abschnitt behandelt645. Bewaffneten …” „… Konflikten infailed und failing States zur Durchsetzung völkerrechtlicher Normen wohl kaum vonpraktischer …” „… Staatenverantwortlichkeit.651 United Nation Commission on Human Rights, Resolution 1989/67 vom 8. März 1989,para. 11.652 …”

Ruanda (1990-1994) S. 34-41

„… der Unabhängigkeit zum Staatszerfall, S. 1.106 Macqueen, United Nations Peacekeeping in Africa since …” „… Macqueen, United Nations Peacekeeping in Africa since 1960, S. 62.109 Macqueen, United Nations Peacekeeping …” „… Ruandas und Ugandas die Vereinten Nationen, eine Beobachtermissionentlang ihrer gemeinsamen Grenze zu …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845201245

Annette Schnabel, Melanie Reddig, Heidemarie Winkel - Religion im Kontext | Religion in Context

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Annette Schnabel (Hrsg.), Melanie Reddig (Hrsg.), Heidemarie Winkel (Hrsg.)

Religion im Kontext | Religion in Context

2018

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Jere Kyyrö Fluctuations between Folk Church, Nation-State and Citizenship: Contextualizing Civil Religion in Finland S. 193-208

„… Fluctuations between Folk Church, Nation-State and Citizenship: Contextualizing Civil Religion in …” „… ; Lüchau 2009: 373.) Fluctuations between Folk Church, Nation-State and Citizenship 195 men, which …” „… protected by the criminal code’s section crimi- Fluctuations between Folk Church, Nation-State and …”

Felipe Gaytán Alcalá Laicity in Latin America: A Distinct and Distant Concept of Europe S. 173-192

„… for consolidated nation-states: before the 19th century, the region was under the domination of the …” „… prevented the nation-state from having control of its citizens and their lives. Throughout the 19th century …” „… approved by liberals who fought to legitimize a nation-state against clerical power since they were the …”

Marc Breuer Religious Milieus and their Striving towards Segmented Differentiation S. 269-286

„… therefore showed solidarity towards one another. As the particular nation-states were predominantly …” „… nation-state. After the foundation of the German Empire, the struggle between the Church and State escalated …” „… . Therefore, the relationship between Catholic milieus and the nation-state makes it clear that religion and …”

Daniel Witte Between Embeddedness and Conflict: Legal Contexts of Religion S. 223-238

„… , with the nation-state, the constitutional order of society and positive law filling spaces previously …” „… customary law (e.g. in South Asia or Egypt). After the breakthrough of the nation-state often limited …” „… nation-states and with regard to at least two different, even though somewhat related, levels of reference …”

Elisabeth Scherer Between Everyday Practice and Globalized Faith: The Spectrum of ‘Religion’ in Contemporary Japan S. 209-222

„… industrialization, and the development of a modern nation-state. Religion played a very central role in this process …” „… expansionist purposes. The creation of a modern nation-state in Japan began in 1868 with the so-called Meiji …” „… between the emperor and the people while giving the new nation-state a ritual framework. At the core of …”

Melanie Reddig, Annette Schnabel, Heidemarie Winkel Introduction: Why a handbook on religion in context? S. 15-20

„… dominant nation-state oriented contextualization of religion and religiosity in previous debates, and to …” „… of institutional contexts we refer to state, statehood and transnationality. Of primary interest are …” „… . Following Alfred Schütz (2013 [1932]), we might even state that the structure of meaning of the social world …”

Gert Pickel Religion in der Modernisierungsfalle? Die Entwicklung von Religiosität als Folge von Makrokontexten S. 339-354

„… von ihm konzipierten State-Religion-Datenset erfasst, verwenden. Allerdings bezieht sich funktionale …” „… kontextueller Faktoren mit Dimensionen des Religiösen in einzelnen Kulturen und Nationen, kann aber ebenfalls …” „… Rahmen Sichbarer, wenn auch nicht sicher universeller Effekt Verbindung Nation und Religion auf der …”

Olayinka Akanle, Gbenga S. Adejare Contextualizing Pentecostal Gatherings in Southwestern Nigeria: Social Drivers and Significance S. 145-158

„… ” (IDI/Male/Camper from Delta state/LFC, Sango Ota, November, 2014). It is evident at this juncture that while …” „… , while others explain it as a result of political instability in the post-colonial, multi-ethnic state of …” „… Nigerian economy, which is in a state of coma (Idyorough 2002), so that the people are subject to all forms …”

Annette Schnabel Religion und Nation – Same, same but different? S. 287-304

„… preservation of the nation or the state as a citadel of religious values“ (Fox 2004: 718). Betroffen sind …” „… Religion und Nation – Same, same but different?1 Annette Schnabel Einleitung Religion und Nation …” „… Ordnungskategorien im Sozialen. Trotz ihrer funktionalen Ähnlichkeiten weisen Nation und Religion jedoch bedeutsame …”

Tilo Beckers The Existential Dimension of Religion: Core and Context S. 103-116

„… different nation states where the existential answers provided by religion and the material support systems …” „… state (community and solidarity model) and nation (identity and community). Thereby, one may gain a …” „… nations“ (Norris and Inglehart 2004: 106). Thus, the level of societal socio-economic well-being alone …”

Vladimir Kmec Religion in the Context of Migration and Youth in Europe S. 253-268

„… Europe Vladimir Kmec Migration has significantly contributed to religious diversity in nations throughout …” „… public spheres. According to the United Nations, migrants are persons who stay outside their regular …” „… country of residence for at least one year (United Nations 2011). In 2015, the estimated number of …”

Heidemarie Winkel Religion, Orientalism and the Colonial Body of Gender Knowledge S. 71-84

„… , namely as a challenge of the cultural order, if not as a threat; for example when states are treating …” „… Christian ideas, but were already well-established notions before Christianity became the Roman state …” „… Knauss (2014: 34) states, “denominational differences are minimal in contemporary theological …”

Heiko Beyer Religion als Menschenrecht: Zur paradoxen Struktur des Rechts auf Religionsfreiheit S. 239-252

„… Publishing. Meyer, J. W., Boli, J., Thomas, G. M. & Ramirez, F. O.(1997). World Society and the Nation‐State …” „… United States of America und die Déclaration des Droits de l’Homme et du Citoyen von 1789 angesehen …” „… anderen durch die 2007 verabschiedete United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples …”

Emily McKendry-Smith “New Congregationalism” in Nepal: The Brahma Kumaris and the Rationalization of Nepali Hindu Religious Practices S. 323-338

„… . Meyer, J. W., Boli, J. Thomas, G. M. & Ramirez, F.O.(1997). World Society and the Nation State. American …” „… ”. However, while the adaptation of a congregational form in the United States may be de facto for immigrant …” „… models by immigrant religions in the United States. Warner (2000) terms this movement by immigrant …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-13

„… , Nation-State and Citizenship: Contextualizing Civil Religion in Finland …” „… ..................................................................................... 269 Marc Breuer Religion und Nation – Same, same but different …” „… Beiträgen von Daniel Witte und Heiko Beyer) wie Migration und Nation (Vladimir Kmec, Marc Breuer und Annette …”

Christel Gärtner Change in Religious Ways of Life in the Dynamics of Generational Transfer S. 355-369

„… , whereby the state of the specific historico-political community to which a person belongs is the point of …” „… denominations in very different ways. As the majority religion, Protestantism was closely associated with state …” „… . Protestantism: the triad of throne – altar – nation In the situation of upheaval in around 1900, the …”

Register S. 373-378

„… Muslime/Muslims 72, 198, 216, 225, 255, 259, 263–265, 277, 279, 295, 296, 346, 365 Nation 10, 17, 111–113, 155 …” „… , 154, 188, 258, 263, 308, 309 Staat/state 11, 17–19, 74, 93, 112, 113, 131, 133–136, 145, 148, 168 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845276649

Eltion Meka, Stefano Bianchini - The Challenges of Democratization and Reconciliation in the Post-Yugoslav Space

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Eltion Meka (Hrsg.), Stefano Bianchini (Hrsg.)

The Challenges of Democratization and Reconciliation in the Post-Yugoslav Space

Reihe: Southeast European Integration Perspectives

Band 13 2020

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Davor Pauković, Višeslav Raos Chapter 1: The Search for Meaning and Identity: Nation- and State-Building in the Western Balkans S. 35-58

„… nation and state. Competing statehood conceptions and narratives about nationhood created deep societal …” „… . Key Terms: nation-building, state-building, Yugoslavia, post-conflict society, peace-building 37 …” „… Introduction This chapter deals with the processes of nation-building and state-building in the Western Balkans …”

Ilir Kalemaj, Sokol Lleshi Chapter 6: Sources and Continuities of Ethno-religious Nationalism in the Western Balkans S. 151-168

„… state-formation and political community as the end result of nation-building. Paradoxically, modernizing liberal …” „… the formation of the Balkan nation-states in the nineteenth century. This chapter provides an overview …” „… . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. The path to the establishment of a nation-state through a process of …”

Gazela Pudar Draško, Aleksandar Pavlović Chapter 9: Intellectuals between radicalization and reconciliation in the Western Balkans S. 207-224

„… nationalism. This attitude is in the line with historical testimony that nation states, such as Germany, Italy …” „… developed in nations that did not have their own “nation state”. She also emphasizes the importance of …” „… points out that the emergence of a nationalist movement in a nation without a state requires the …”

Stefano Bianchini Chapter 5: Imported Democracy And Its Fragility Without Reconciliation S. 127-150

„… for further potential developments, far beyond the nation-state theory and practice. Box 5.6 …” „… . Nation-State: this is a very controversial term, which basically refers to a form of State based on nation …” „… , encompassing all the inhabitants of a State. By contrast, the “ethnic nation” reflects on an exclusive notion …”

Index S. 285-295

„… nation, 136, 154 – and its theory and practice, 56, 135 Nation-state, 24, 28, 38, 64, 72, 103, 135, 142 …” „… Kingdom, 143, 175 United Nations, 43, 48, 169, 172, 198, 233, 267 United States or USA, 16, 96, 100, 104 …” „… Stabilitocracy, 117-8, 123 Stalin, 150 State, 60-64, 67, 68, 70, 72-75, 77 – State borders, 192 – State-building …”

Eltion Meka, Stefano Bianchini Introduction S. 9-34

„… the analysis of nation-building, Pauković and Raos illustrate how modern nations and nation-states are …” „… reinterpretations of the past. In their analysis of seven Western Balkans states, the authors show how nation- and …” „… external actors in the process of nation-state building. This, however, poses difficulties for the process …”

Maja Pulić Chapter 8: Borders and Boundaries as Obstacles to Reconciliation S. 189-206

„… of nation-state (Brunet-Jailly, 2012, p. 635). In fact, it specified the principles of inviolability …” „… in the literature as Westphalian sovereignty. With the formation of modern nation states the notion …” „… state-related borders are the most common borders that exist. These are geographic boundaries of political …”

Goran Patrick Filic Chapter 3: The Role of Deliberative and Participatory Democracy in Promoting Reconciliation S. 81-102

„… think of many contemporary examples of successful democratic states containing more than one nation …” „… led not just to proliferation of newly independent states, but also to a resurgence of ethnicity and …” „… more destructive consequences. In particular, many of the states that had made up the Yugoslav …”

Marco Zoppi Chapter 11: Variety and effects of human mobility: “intra”, “extra”, and “crossing” flows in the region and the democratization process S. 247-268

„… , which she named “state-endorsing”, “state-challenging”, and “party-building”. The classifications are in …” „… From Ottoman Territory to Globalized Nation States. Cham: Springer. World Bank. (2019a). Western …” „… promote the transformation of state-civil society relations in ways that are less plausible at home. In …”

Simona Mameli, Sanja Kajinić Chapter 10: Minorities and reconciliation in the Western Balkans S. 225-246

„… ). Retrieved: US Department of State: https:// 2009-2017.state.gov/p/eur/rls/or/dayton/index.htm The paradox of …” „… relations in Kosovo. JEMIE, 13 (4), 85-110. Bianchini S. (2005). Etno-politica e State-Building: il problema …” „… obstruction to it. Historically, the question of the loyalty of minorities to the new state would arise with …”

Pero Maldini Chapter 2: Understanding Democracy S. 59-80

„… revolutions were marked by processes of creation of modern nations and nation-states, but also by social …” „… existence of a nation-state as a political community of its citizens. A state means territorial integrity …” „… right of a human and a citizen, that the government (state) must safeguard and guarantee equally to all …”

Eltion Meka, Maja Savić-Bojanić Chapter 4: The role of European integration in the Western Balkans S. 103-126

„… nation-states, ethnic conflict, ethnic cleansing, wars of independence, a NATO intervention, and an interna- 1 …” „… Croatia— are now member states of the European Union (EU), while the rest are waiting in the membership …” „… queue. Nevertheless, despite the progress made by some states, the rest of the region is stagnating …”

Stefano Bianchini, Eltion Meka Afterword S. 269-278

„… , European integration and the nation-state, the potential and the limits of dialogue, and the cultural …” „… behind the original pretended homogeneity of the Nation-state. Therefore, can reconciliation occur under …” „… nation-state and the subsequent dynamics that have marked its implementation from the 19th century to nowadays …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Search for Meaning and Identity: Nation- and State- Building in the Western Balkans 37 Davor Pauković and …” „… Nation’s High Commissioner for Refugees UNMIK United Nations Mission in Kosovo US United States JNA …” „… , Transsexual LGBTIQ Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Intersexual Queer MAKStat State Statistical Office of the …”

List of authors S. 279-284

„… the Nation and Collective Identities: Political Rituals and Cultural Memory of the Twentieth-Century …” „… minorities, identities and religion in fragmented states, and minority political participation. Ilir …” „… , and sociology of intellectuals. His most recent publications have appeared in State of Affairs: Social …”

Johan J du Toit Chapter 7: Justice and Reconciliation: Some Experiences from the ICTY and South Africa S. 169-188

„… do not reflect the views of the ICTY/United Nations. 169 an law, but it was the first attempt to set …” „… committed and the International Community, through the United Nations (UN) Security Council, decided to …” „… before witnesses will risk their lives to come forward and testify. As already stated, we did not have …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748921516

Bernd Kuzmits - Borders and Orders in Central Asia

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Bernd Kuzmits

Borders and Orders in Central Asia

Reihe: Weltregionen im Wandel

Band 15 2013

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

State and Nation Building in Tajikistan S. 140-146

„… state and nation building in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. 4.4.3. State and Nation Building in Tajikistan …” „… discrimination of korenizatsiia proceeded. All major groups accept the concept of a Tajik nation state, however …” „… create distinct identities along ‘us’ and ‘them’ lines on the local ground. 4.4.4. State and Nation …”

State and Nation Building in Afghanistan S. 130-136

„… returned home or has been resettled to third countries.125 4.4. The State of State and Nation Building …” „… under consideration and the borderland region, I will next look at the development of state and nation …” „… building in the three countries since 2001 and their current state. 4.4.1. State and Nation Building in …”

State and Nation Building in Uzbekistan S. 146-153

„… the local ground. 4.4.4. State and Nation Building in Uzbekistan In neighbouring Uzbekistan, the …” „… , business beyond state-controlled enterprises has become even less profitable. 158 Conversation with …” „… sides from one other. The three countries differ in their state–border narrative as discussed in …”

State and Nation Building in Central Asia S. 136-140

„… surrounding villages. 4.4.2. State and Nation Building in Central Asia The discussion of the state of state …” „… nationalising regimes, aspiring to become states of and for a particular core nation (Brubaker 1996). As such …” „… nation states to the ancient history of their people’s residence on their states’ territory. Rulers in …”

Bibliography S. 347-388

„… .). Post-Conflict Reconstruction: Nation- and/or State-Building. Berlin: 65–93. Poggi, Gianfranco. 1978. The …” „… Ray Taras (eds.). New States, New Politics: Building the Post-Soviet Nations: 602–27. Atzili, Boaz …” „… : State Failure and the Crisis of Governance. Tokyo: United Nations UP: 1–9. Christophe, Barbara. 2005 …”

Borders, Orders and States S. 38-56

„… ultimately led to the nation state. In the treaties, one primary function of borders was to define and …” „… role of industrial capitalism in the rise of nation states (Giddens 1985: 122–197). Mercantile policies …” „… authoritative resources involved in the formation of the nation state. He calls this process ‘internal …”

Summary: Drivers of and Constraints on Cross-Border Interactions S. 338-346

„… Opportunity State/Nation Building Internal Sovereignty State Interdep. Sov. Border Management Tajikistan …” „… as a nation-building and state-building objective. In Uzbekistan, this strategy is compounded by a …” „… . Both are latecomers as nation states, which might explain the priority of reducing vul-341 nerability …”

Summary: The Production of States and Borders S. 153-158

„… sides from one other. The three countries differ in their state–border narrative as discussed in …” „… . Furthermore, the worsened security situation beyond Kabul makes state-building endeavours even more …” „… challenging. To summarise a first impression on the current state of borderland integration (state–periphery …”

Summary: The State of Regionalism in Greater Central Asia S. 311-318

„… terms of security cooperation, Tajikistan and Afghanistan corroborate the state-weakness theory on …” „… transnational strategic state–business groups. These groups are not yet as well developed between Afghanistan …” „… , geographical position and post-conflict state-building have compelled the regime to seek international and …”

Regional Interdependence and Regional Cooperation S. 330-333

„… the scope of their power. The state- and nation-building aspect, however, is more valid for explaining …” „… 330 Despite differences in their state–border relationships, there is one commonality in the region …” „… and Afghanistan corroborate the state-weakness theory on cooperation. Endowed with less control …”

Why Study Borders? S. 15-21

„… nation building. The history of the state can be told on the basis of the same given narratives of …” „… . Yet to date, there has been no comprehensive study that links the state of state and nation building …” „… state-formation process and from below in the daily practice of borderland people living close to a border. This …”

Study Outline S. 21-24

„… of borders, the interrelationship between cross-border interactions, state building and nation …” „… . In the discussion of the current state of state and nation building (chapter 4), I reason that there …” „… infrastructure, which are treated, most prominently by Uzbekistan, as functions of state and nation building. At …”

Effects on Border Management S. 82-88

„… orientation; manifest social belonging (to nation state) national symbols, reiterated images in media …” „… sketches the state of state and nation building in Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, which will allow …” „… state-building policies high boundary regime unilateral (non-cooperative) policing low ad hoc policing …”

The Relevance of Borderlands… S. 56-67

„… political and societal relevance of borderlands and borders to state and nation building with the economic …” „… it serves the agenda of the nation state. Here, Martinez overlooked two constraining aspects that are …” „… borderlands, transcending the state-centred view that understands borderland as the region of a state that is …”

Hypotheses on Drivers for Cross-Border Transactions S. 26-28

„… security discourse that is directed towards neighbours (current nation-building processes). ? ... state …” „… sovereignty and of borders as markers of sovereignty do not collide (state-building strategies). ? ... state …” „… ... ? ... borderlands are peripheral to the state centre, i.e., communication and infrastructure links to the hinterland …”

The Degree of Regionalisation: Higher in the Mountains S. 333-338

„… transnational strategic state–business groups, which continue to be more developed within the post-Soviet realm …” „… nation-building, regionalism and geopolitical inclination compete with each other, while cycles of polarizing …” „… Central Asia. Nation-building processes are designed in dissociation from previous empires, e.g., Tsarist …”

State Building and the Fostering of the Soviet–Afghan Border S. 98-103

„… military intelligence service in Tashkent and executed. Due to diverging patterns of state and nation …” „… ’ vigorous state and nation building was new in this region that had hardly known any national consciousness …” „… Afghan civil war, Soviet state-run agencies seized the opportunity of penetrating the northern Afghan …”

Borders as Markers of Identity S. 328-330

„… nation-state, whereas the Tajik regime lacks the control capacity to credibly make state borders defining lines …” „… them reluctant to self-constrain the scope of their power. The state- and nation-building aspect …” „… state–border narratives. In Uzbekistan, borders are clear defining lines for the project of building a late …”

… between Tajikistan and Afghanistan S. 309-311

„… level, Uzbek–Afghan relations have lost steam. With the slow process of state-building and the …” „… assessments on the quality of border control by the Russian Federal Border Service, see chapter 4.4.3 State …” „… and Nation in Tajikistan. 401 Conversations by Dr. Conrad Schetter, manager of the research project …”

Borders as Markers of Sovereignty – the Power-related Narrative S. 319-326

„… 3). I then outlined the various roles of borders in state and nation building in the three countries …” „… operating at borders. From the state- and nation-building perspective of the Tajik regime, the boundary with …” „… state-building endeavours to the north of the river that included fortification measures. Translocal exchange …”

Producing and Reproducing Borders S. 30-38

„… crucial to peaceful state and nation building, i.e., the creation and maintenance of functioning state …” „… system. Borderlands can be margins if one takes a state-centred perspective. But, as this work will show …” „… state-oriented stances but move in different normative directions. Realists focus on the production of borders …”

Empires Reloaded: the ‘Great Game’ and the River as Border S. 95-97

„… policy of state-making by means of organised crime and war-making (Tilly 1985, 1990; see chapter 2 …” „… borderland region between the Emirate of Bukhara, a Tsarist vassal, and the buffer state of Afghanistan …” „… , such ‘frontier states’ are a ‘geopolitical area at the edge of politically and militarily controlled …”

Regional Players S. 247-257

„… . Apart from the global players of the United States, Russia and China, but partly instrumentalised by …” „… (Maleki 2007: 176). As the nation with the largest Shia Muslim group, Iran aimed in the past at protecting …” „… for shipments to the Gulf States and Africa and Gwadar as the main port leading to India and Southeast …”

Summary S. 222-238

„… Uzbekistan is a function of state and nation building and is non-cooperative. Freedom of movement is not part …” „… of agencies operating at borders. From the state and nation-building perspective of the Tajik regime …” „… through Turkmenistan can be seen as part of a state-building project to avoid dependency on difficult …”

The Bigger Players – USA, Russia and China S. 239-247

„… in Afghanistan. While state-builders welcome massive investments as part of efforts to stabilise …” „… seen as free-riding on NATO-led state-building efforts (Norling 2008). In any case, relations between …” „… continues to follow the argumentation of the economic narrative of nation-building when maintaining that ‘it …”

Summary S. 110-112

„… became a dividing line between two diverging state-building trajectories with borderlands that were …” „… party leader of the Kyrgyz SSR, Askar Akayev, was the only one to clearly state his opposition to the …” „… inflexibility.96 In the following chapters, I will complete this rough picture of state building and the …”

Research Objectives S. 25-26

„… and stability of inter-state and state–societal relations, especially in conflict-prone and landlocked …” „… these border sections not only as a function of state formation but also from the perspective of the …” „… gauges the quality of state sovereignty in these borderlands on the one hand and the potential for …”

Boundary, Border or Frontier? S. 28-30

„… system. Borderlands can be margins if one takes a state-centred perspective. But, as this work will show …” „… state-oriented stances but move in different normative directions. Realists focus on the production of borders …” „… 28 interactions (internal sovereignty as an aspect of the degree of state building …”

Cross-Border Interactions between Cooperation and Control S. 67-82

„… , this study will go beyond the state-centred concept of security only by adding societal security. It …” „… ., regular interactions across borders with at least one actor a non-state agent or not operating on behalf …” „… 1962). On the comparative macro-level, the assumption is that states that share borders tend to have a …”

Empires in a Zone of Transition S. 91-93

„… borderland. But let’s take a step back and look at the history of the region first. 3.2. History of States …” „… , established a strong local state, but although it pledged its allegiance to the distant Abbasid caliphate in …” „… Samanids when seeking historic inspiration for the non-Turkic legitimacy of their contemporary state …”

Between Tajikistan and Afghanistan S. 181-204

„… conducted by Tajikistan’s State Statistics Committee together with the World Bank, the United Nations …” „… Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 218 Conversation with the engineer Qadriddin …” „… transfer of goods. 220 All population data from the State Statistical Committee of Tajikistan, Dushanbe …”

Economic Initiatives with Central Asian Roots S. 270-272

„… . Moreover, it has done so on a non-discriminatory (most-favoured nation) basis rather than within a regional …” „… Council of the Heads of Member States in 2002 defined its goals, principles and structure in a charter. In …” „… other states to share observer status, such as Mongolia (since 2004), India, Iran and Pakistan (all …”

New States and New Borders S. 116-120

„… towards the east, where the Tajik share increases. But now let us look at the state of state and nation …” „… states, which posed some additional political challenges for the pending state-building processes. The …” „… states confronted with the challenges of maintaining statehood, vulnerable to instability and facing …”

Impediments to Enhanced Regional Trade? S. 290-305

„… them managers of state-owned firms or joint-stock companies. Almost immediately, Uzbek construction and …” „… ideological competition’ (Mihalka 2007: 21). In this sense, the United States aims to exert influence on the …” „… concen-291 tration on trade between the Soviet successor states has greatly diminished. At the same time …”

Between Uzbekistan and Afghanistan S. 159-164

„… socioeconomic situation and take a look at the existence of special policies as indicators of state–borderland …” „… that shares a border with Afghanistan gives it a significance that influences the state–periphery …” „… of state building and border production in the Amu Darya region, this chapter focuses on the …”

Failed States and War Economies S. 120-125

„… state-building processes. The border between the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China (PRC), based on …” „… for control shifted to new states confronted with the challenges of maintaining statehood, vulnerable …” „… the newly independent states, which posed some additional political challenges for the pending …”

Arrangements in the post-Soviet Realm S. 259-264

„… past, Dushanbe has also cultivated closer relations with the PRC, the United States, the EU and major …” „… of Uzbekistan’s President Karimov as oscillating mainly between Russia and the United States.332 But …” „… be accomplished in cooperation with the United States, the EU, Pakistan, India, Turkey or Iran …”

Acknowledgements S. 5-10

„… 110 4 State and Nation Building since 1991 113 4.1. ‘Who Are We – And If So, How Many?’ The Ethnic …” „… Interventions 125 4.3.3. Migration 128 4.4. The State of State and Nation Building 130 4.4.1. State and …” „… Nation Building in Afghanistan 130 4.4.2. State and Nation Building in Central Asia 136 9 4.4.2.1 …”

‘Who Are We – And If So, How Many?’ The Ethnic Ascriptions of the Population S. 113-116

„… 113 4 State and Nation Building since 1991 When thinking about state and nation building, one first …” „… the state of state and nation building in the three countries under consideration. 4.2. New States …” „… three states since the early 1990s. 4.1. ‘Who Are We – And If So, How Many?’ The Ethnic Ascriptions of …”

Migration S. 128-130

„… third countries.125 4.4. The State of State and Nation Building Now that I have finished describing …” „… borderland region, I will next look at the development of state and nation building in the three countries …” „… since 2001 and their current state. 4.4.1. State and Nation Building in Afghanistan The military …”

Abbreviations and Acronyms S. 11-14

„… Cross-Border Transactions CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CNR Commission for National Reconciliation …” „… to support local governance) KOGG Tajik Committee for the Protection of State Borders (Komitet …” „… International – Corruption Perception Index UAE United Arab Emirates UNAMA United Nations Assistance Mission …”

Externally Induced Regional Initiatives S. 276-281

„… (EnvSec), launched by UNDP, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the OSCE in 2002. The …” „… Nations organisations also figure prominently in the horde of interregional Eurasian initiatives. With the …” „… Nations Development Programme (UNDP) unveiled this initiative in 2005 as a follow-up to an earlier …”

Weak Political Orders – Strong Translocal Ties S. 93-95

„… state of war with one another. Closely knit economic and societal relations persisted across the river …” „… structure of the Afghan state, see Noelle (1998), Gregorian (1969) and Saikal (2004). On the Central Asian …” „… borderland region between the Emirate of Bukhara, a Tsarist vassal, and the buffer state of Afghanistan …”

Regional Organisations Exceeding the post-Soviet Space S. 272-276

„… . Moreover, it has done so on a non-discriminatory (most-favoured nation) basis rather than within a regional …” „… Council of the Heads of Member States in 2002 defined its goals, principles and structure in a charter. In …” „… other states to share observer status, such as Mongolia (since 2004), India, Iran and Pakistan (all …”

Borders as Membranes – the Economic Narrative S. 326-328

„… ill-coordinated agencies operating at borders. From the state- and nation-building perspective of the Tajik regime …” „… necessarily in the state’s interests to substantially tamper with current enforcement practices and alienate …” „… depend on the exchange of information between bordering states; therefore, reinforcing border-control …”

Geographical Context S. 89-91

„… independent. State and nation building since then will be covered in chapter 4. 3.1. Geographical Context …” „… borderlands – with the exception of Tajikistan’s Khatlon province – are cut off from their respective state’s …” „… look at the history of the region first. 3.2. History of States, Borders and Interactions on the Amu …”

Withdrawal from Afghanistan and Upheaval in Soviet Central Asia S. 107-110

„… the Geneva process of negotiations with Pakistan, the United States and the Afghan regime to reach a …” „… regime, citing the friendship treaties of 1921 and 1978. Nor did the United States stop its military …” „… Afghanistan, adopted a new constitution that provided for basic civil rights and announced Islam as the state …”

Between Uzbekistan (Surkhondaryo) and Tajikistan (RRS and Dushanbe) S. 165-176

„… Afghan–Russian state enterprises, in which the Afghan side held 51% of the shares. The Afghan government has the …” „… each entry. One trader states that he paid a lump sum of USD 2,250 for a one-year multi-entry visa.172 …” „… states perfectly clearly that it is valid until the beginning of December. In the course of our …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845245362

Andreas Fischer-Lescano, Hans-Peter Gasser, Thilo Marauhn, Natalino Ronzitti - Frieden in Freiheit - Peace in liberty - Paix en liberté

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Auswählen

Andreas Fischer-Lescano (Hrsg.), Hans-Peter Gasser (Hrsg.), Thilo Marauhn (Hrsg.), Natalino Ronzitti (Hrsg.)

Frieden in Freiheit - Peace in liberty - Paix en liberté

2008

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Gerhard Hafner The ECHR torn between the United Nations and the States: The Behrami and Saramati Case S. 115-134

„… The ECHR torn between the United Nations and the States: The Behrami and Saramati case Gerhard …” „… established by “Member States and relevant international institutions” (the troop contributing nations “TCN …” „… engagement of the United Nations in peace-keeping activities have already prompted the question of the …”

Wolfgang Münch The Revision of the System of Administration of Justice in the United Nations Secretariat – The Current State of Affairs in the Light of the Recommendations of the Secretary-General’s Redesign Panel S. 217-226

„… of common sense among the Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN) and the Member States that the …” „… Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, World Health Organization). Member States …” „… The Revision of the System of Administration of Justice in the United Nations Secretariat - The …”

Anthony Carty The Irish Government’s Neutrality, the Nuremberg Trials and After S. 375-386

„… neutrality in conflicts between other states.” Pius refers to the natural law and the law of nations to …” „… small nation, even as a member state of the UN, has a legal right, in the terms of Just War theory, to …” „… Nations until 1955. This neutrality was a source of great controversy at the time and continues to engage …”

Hanspeter Neuhold The International Community and „Rogue States“ S. 227-248

„… through the Security Council of the United Nations, after the Cold War to rein in so-called “rogue states …” „… negative consequences beyond the framework of the United Nations. Regional organisations, groups of states …” „… United Nations. The fatal temptation for the authoritarian regimes of “rogue states” may be to …”

Mary Ellen O’Connell Defending the Law against Preemptive Force S. 249-260

„… . Since its adoption no state has succeeded in conquering a member of the United Nations.10 The 6 THE …” „… conquest of other nation-states was once tolerated but no longer, we must move away from accepting force …” „… Kirkpatrick, stated that the United States, too, understood Israel had violated the Charter, in particular …”

Rüdiger Wolfrum The Protection of the Environment through International Courts and Tribunals S. 819-830

„… arbitration under the Permanent Court of Arbitration, the United Nations Compensation Commission and …” „… right of the United States of America to intervene on the high seas against vessels under the flag of …” „… responsibility of a State for carrying out hazardous activities which result in transboundary harm. The ruling …”

Elzbieta Mikos-Skuza The International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission: An Awakening Beauty? S. 493-504

„… also been involved, since its creation, into a regular dialogue with the United Nations – both states …” „… having made a declaration under Article 90, not even a state–party to Protocol I. Within this framework …” „… ), “United Nations Treaty Series”, Vol. 1125, pp. 3 – 55. 2 Commonly known as the Four Geneva Conventions …”

Laurence Boisson de Chazournes, Danio Campanelli The United Nations Compensation Commission: Time for an Assessment? S. 13-30

„… demarcation of the boundary between the two States (paras. 3 and 4), the creation of a United Nations …” „… I. Frieden – Peace – Paix The United Nations Compensation Commission …” „… which had characterized the Cold War period. The United Nations Security Council was therefore able to …”

Rainer Hofmann International Protection of Human Rights and International Territorial Administration: A Legal Black Hole S. 135-154

„… Direct Administration of Territories by the United Nations and its Member States in the Post Cold War …” „… , United Nations Trusteeship or Sovereign State ? Reflections on the Current and Future Legal Status of …” „… peaceful occupation by international organisations, in particular the United Nations (UN).3 Incidences of …”

Sabine von Schorlemer “Women in Progress?” The Relevance of Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) S. 1155-1170

„… culture of militarization and state-centered security interests intact.49 Also, the legal nature of SC …” „… history of the United Nations, the Security Council, formerly characterized as a “gender blind …” „… Perspectives on Peacekeeping and the Brahimi Report, 1 March, United Nations …”

Christian Tomuschat Pacta sunt servanda S. 1059-1078

„… law of nations. In emphatic terms, he states: “Les Nations & leurs Conducteurs doivent donc garder …” „… trivial, even dull proposition.1 Some authors have gone so far as to state that pss is substantially …” „… with the basic principle of State sovereignty. In fact, if the sovereign State constitutes the primary …”

Daniel-Erasmus Khan At the Edge of an „Inadvertent War“ – The 2007 British-Iranian Incident in the Shatt-al-Arab Annotated S. 155-168

„… "the inexorable integration of markets, nation-states and technologies to a degree never witnessed …” „… before - in a way that is enabling individuals, corporations and nation-states to reach around the world …” „… European Union and its Member States, the United Nations and large parts of the international community …”

Sabine Schlemmer-Schulte Sovereign Debt: The Argentine Bonds Case S. 985-1030

„… state-to-state issues, if, at all, extending to inter-governmental organizations, or, 62 The lower court had …” „… borrowing was war related. While jointly at war, allied nations have often granted each of their mutual …” „… credits.15 Invariably, the nations losing the war were up to the 20th century held liable to compensate …”

Dieter Fleck Law Enforcement and the Conduct of Hostilities: Two Supplementing or Mutually Excluding Legal Paradigms? S. 403-420

„… Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, United Nations, International Law …” „… non-international armed conflicts. It is a truism, although not always taken seriously enough, that States and …” „… non-state actors have obligations also in peacetime to implement and ensure respect for its rules. But what …”

Theodor Schweisfurth The United Nation's Peacebuilding Commission's First Year S. 309-344

„… The United Nation's Peacebuilding Commission's First Year Theodor Schweisfurth A. A …” „… (SC) and the General Assembly (GA) of the United Nations, acting concurrently on 20 December 2005 by …” „… the Member States of the UN. 1 In this report (paragraphs 224, 225) we find the reasons formulated …”

Heike Spieker The Conduct of Hostilities and the Protection of the Environment S. 753-780

„… Nations General Assembly in 1993.64 In 1994, the General Assembly invited all Member States to …” „… the United States stated in response to an ICRC memorandum on the applicability of IHL in the Gulf …” „… binding force of these provisions, both in state practice as in academia, the international community’s …”

Ruth Lapidoth The legal effect of Security Council Resolution 1701 (2006) on cessation of hostilities in Lebanon S. 199-204

„… delivery of their arms to state authorities. Lapidoth 189 lier Security Council …” „… provisions on UNIFIL are implemented, and member-states were asked to make "appropriate contributions" to …” „… further that all States shall take the necessary measures to prevent, by their nationals or from their …”

Natalino Ronzitti The Proliferation Security Initiative and International Law S. 281-296

„… , Portugal, Spain, U.K. and United States) met in Paris on 4 September 2003 and adopted the “Statement of …” „… States should abide. Even though the Statement of Interdiction Principles is not legally obligatory …” „… materials. The Statement does not contain a list of proliferators, be they States or non-state entities …”

Georges Abi-Saab Whatever happened to Article 19? S. 831-850

„… of a draft article, in the work of the International Law Commission on State responsibility, that …” „… framework of each system. A. Historical background The rules of State responsibility as we know them …” „… the international law on the responsibility of States for injuries to aliens is thus an aspect of the …”

David P. Forsythe The United States and International Humanitarian Law S. 421-428

„… The United States and International Humanitarian Law David P. Forsythe States profess …” „… formal commitment to international humanitarian law (IHL) is universal, all extant states having …” „… adhered to) by about two-thirds of the UN’s 192 member states, while the 2005 protocol (APIII on neutral …”

Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann In Search for Justice: International Trade Law and Human Rights S. 659-666

„… Westphalian system of “international law among states” into a cosmopolitan “international integration law …” „… ” and the human rights obligations of all 192 UN member states, many national and international courts …” „… treaties among states. In his Theory of Justice, Rawls used the idea of reasonableness for justifying …”

Knut Ipsen Humanitäres Völkerrecht und asymmetrische Konfliktparteien – Ein Ausschlussbefund? S. 457-476

„… neuestens Gregor Wettberg, The International Legality of Self-Defence against Non- State-Actors, State …” „… werden weder die historischen Leistungen der Rot- Kreuz-Bewegung noch der Vereinten Nationen ausgeblendet …” „… Grundsätze der Vereinten Nationen, dass die Organisation auf dem Prinzip der Gleichheit aller ihrer …”

Bernd Martenczuk The External Representation of the European Union: From Fragmentation to a Single European Voice? S. 953-968

„… and its Member States in the context of mixed agreements.4 II. EU External Representation: the …” „… Community Article 281 of the EC Treaty explicitly states that the European Community has legal personality …” „… capacity of the Community in the legal order of the EU Member States. 3 The present contribution …”

Yoram Dinstein Comments on the UK Manual of the Law of Armed Conflict S. 387-402

„… of Armed Conflict 413 n. 16 (2004). 3 As the Preface to the Manual openly states (ibid., ix): "The …” „… the law of armed conflict. Whenever there is an unbridgeable chasm between what States say and what …” „… unstated but legitimate goal of impacting upon other States' practice, with a view to shaping future …”

Marco Sassòli Human Shields and International Humanitarian Law S. 579-590

„… : PUF, 2000) at 429-486, and, very restrictively, Ian Brownlie, System of the Law of Nations, State …” „… on Responsibility of States for internationally wrongful acts, United Nations, International Law …” „… IHL rules is not (only) the State but (also) the war victim. In the preparatory works of Article 51(7 …”

Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg Manoeuvring in Rough Waters: The UK Manual of the Law of Armed Conflict and the Law of Naval Warfare S. 439-456

„… United Nations Charter a State such as Iran, actively engaged in an armed conflict, is entitled in …” „… upon the UN Security Council. Therefore, statements by neutral States on the legality of measures …” „… Statement by the Minister of State, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, January 28, 1986, House of Commons …”

Henri Smets Rights and duties associated with the right to water S. 723-734

„… ” by the General Assembly of the United Nations (A/RES/54/175) and was described in General Comment Nr …” „… addition many compo- 1 Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the scope and …” „… (Japan, United States) with no abstention. In this instance the decision was to translate the reports on …”

Jost Delbrück Protecting National Security against Terrorism in Open Societies – A Political, Constitutional and Ethical Dilemma S. 53-62

„… state-centered, localized on state territory, and motivated by potentially realizable political goals, e.g. the …” „… Tomuschat’s statement that „the people within the present day rule-of law state are not prepared to pay every …” „… side-effects in terms of potentially or actually disproportionate counter-measures undertaken by states …”

Stefan Oeter Das militärische Vorgehen gegenüber bewaffneten Widerstandskämpfern in besetzten Gebieten und internen Konflikten – „Direct participation in hostilities“ und der Schutz der Zivilbevölkerung S. 515-534

„… . ferner Michael N. Schmitt, State-Sponsored Assassination in International and Domestic Law, Yale J. of …” „… . Guillory, Civilianizing the Force: Is the United States Crossing the Rubicon?, Air Force L. Rev. 51 (2001 …” „… . Oeter 516 durch Wahlen legitimierten nationalen Regierung, die von den Vereinten Nationen wie von …”

Andreas Zimmermann Durchsetzung des Völkerrechts zwischen Fragmentierung, Multilateralisierung und Individualisierung S. 1089-1100

„… Weltfriedens, Vereinte Nationen (2004), 71 ff. 6 James Crawford, The creation of states in international law …” „… Völkerrechtlers Louis Henkin aus dem Jahre 1968, wonach “almost all nations observe almost all principles of …” „… : Bernhardt (Hrsg.), EPIL II (1995), 1278 ff. 2 Louis Henkin, How Nations Behave: Law and Foreign Policy …”

Alain Pellet Le recours à la force, le droit et la légitimité – Notes sur les problèmes posés par le principe de l’interdiction du recours à la force armée en cas de carence du Conseil de sécurité S. 261-280

„… , de la Charte des Nations Unies5. Nonobstant les mystères de la formulation contournée de cette …” „… contrairement à la Charte des Nations Unies demeure interdit et il y a là l’un des principes fondateurs non …” „… of War: Self-Defense, Inherence, and Incoherence in Article 51 of the United Nations Charter …”

Volker Epping Ius post bellum – Völkerrechtliche Grauzone und Flickenteppich S. 77-92

„… (1999) vom 25.10.1999. Siehe hierzu M. Benzing, Midwifing a New State: The United Nations in East Timor …” „… , 2002, S. 217-242 (mit T. Marauhn); The United Nations in Kosovo and East Timor – Problems of a …” „… die Vereinten Nationen mit der Sicherheitsrats-Resolution 1244 (1999)8 sprichwörtlich das „Heft in die …”

Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 7-12

„… ECHR torn between the United Nations and the States: The Behrami and Saramati Case 103 Rainer …” „… Administration of Justice in the United Nations Secretariat – The Current State of Affairs in the Light of the …” „… . Frieden – Peace – Paix Laurence Boisson de Chazournes und Danio Campanelli The United Nations …”

Bibliographie Michael Bothe S. 1265-1290

„… Bibliographie Michael Bothe* 1. Monographien • Le droit de la guerre et les Nations Unies. A …” „… Ideas on State and Government, American Journal of Comparative Law 17 (1969), S. 268-291 • Das …” „… Nationen über die Definition der Agression, Jahrbuch für Inter- nationales Recht 18 (1975), S. 121-145 …”

Stelios Perrakis De la réparation des victimes des violations du droit international humanitaire et l'affaire des „réparations de guerre allemandes“ en Grèce – Essai de synthèse et quelques considérations S. 535-562

„… . 417-439. 3 H. Fox, State responsibility and tort proceedings against a foreign state in municipal courts …” „… Law Review, 2006. 203-279; R.P. Mazzeschi, Reparation claims by individuals for state breaches of …” „… . Jorgensen, The responsibility of states for international crimes, Oxford, 2001; W. Kaleck, M. Ratner, T …”

Friedhelm Krüger-Sprengel Das rechtliche Fundament Nicht-Letaler Waffen (NLW) S. 477-492

„… Nationen ein Waffenspektrum zur Verfügung zu stellen, das zwar einerseits gegen bewaffnete Gruppen und …” „… NLW gab der zuständige Ausschuß der Vereinten Nationen mit einer Prinzipienerklärung von 1990. Der …” „… verbessern.19 Die Vereinten Nationen, ihre Mitgliedsstaaten, die NATO, die Europäische Union und andere …”

Andreas Fischer-Lescano Bundeswehr als globaler Sicherheitsdienstleister? Grenzen der Zustimmungsfähigkeit von bewaffneten Streitkräfteeinsätzen S. 93-114

„… Nationen Militärpersonal zum Dienst im Rahmen von UNO- SOM II zur Verfügung zu stellen. UNOSOM wurde von …” „… der Resolution Nr. 794 vom 3. Dezember 1992 ermächtigte der Sicherheitsrat der Vereinten Nationen …” „… Rahmen von Resolutionen des Sicherheitsrates der Vereinten Nationen sowie anderer Systeme gegenseitiger …”

Peter H. Sand Japans „Forschungswalfang“ und das Washingtoner Artenschutzabkommen (CITES) S. 693-722

„… About Whales”, Tokyo Journal (Spring 2007); E. Lapointe, “United States Proposed Research Whaling to …” „… Walfangkonvention in Washington/DC am 20. November 1946 (IWC-Doc. 1/11, S. 1): “Whales … belong to no single nation …” „… nor to any group of nations but rather they are the wards of the entire world”. 22 Übereinkommen …”

Pierre-Marie Dupuy Existe-t-il une conception européenne du droit international? S. 885-894

„… conflit mondial parti d’Europe, les « nations civilisées », toujours très majoritairement européennes …” „… construction de l’institution du mandat dans le cadre de la Société des Nations. La première tentait sans …” „… européenne avec l’absence d’une vision partagée du droit destiné à s’appliquer entre les nations. Pour …”

Lothar Brock Von der „humanitären Intervention“ zur „Responsibility to Protect“ – Kriegserfahrung und Völkerrechtsentwicklung seit dem Ende des Ost-West-Konflikts S. 31-44

„… Kollabierens von Staaten („state failure“), ein Phänomen, das ebenfalls als typisch für die Entwicklung nach …” „… Handlungsfähigkeit der Vereinten Nationen aus (Agenda for Peace) und entwickelte die Praxis, die systematische …” „… States of America, Washting, D.C. 2002. Brock 24 Die enge Interpretation des Gewalt- und …”

Stefan Kadelbach Entwicklungsvölkerrecht S. 637-648

„… Vereinten Nationen erklärt (Art. 1 Ziff. 3, 55, 73, 75 UNC), und in der Ausrichtung der Weltbankgruppe …” „… (Hrsg.), United Nations: Law and Practice, Bd. I, 1995, 366 ff.; ders., Environment, Development …” „… Duties of States v. 12. 12. 1974, Res. 3281 (XXIX), YUN 28 (1974), 402; Schlussresolution der Siebten …”

Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedov The End of Contractual Disarmament? S. 345-350

„… remains an effective law, and even had to be reinterpreted by Canada and the United States in 2003 to …” „… . It has not been signed by several core states that have, or are reasonably suspected of having …” „… , exploded nuclear devices or even weapons. China and the United States are among signatories that have yet …”

Autoren der Festschrift S. 1291-1298

„… Völkerrechtskommission der Vereinten Nationen.; (1101-1119) Campanelli, Danio; Research and Teaching Assistant …” „… Freien Hansestadt Bremen seit 1995, Mitglied des Menschenrechtsausschusses der Vereinten Nationen von …” „… , Wolfgang; Dr. jur., 1996 - 2005 Member of the Joint Inspection Unit of the United Nations System as of …”

Thilo Marauhn The Silent Thread: Explosive Remnants of War S. 205-216

„… environment, neither general international law nor the law of armed conflict is effective in deterring States …” „… /). Marauhn 195 signed at The Hague on 18 October 19078. In force since 26 January 1910, there are 29 States …” „… remnants both under the jurisdiction or control of a State party as well as those deployed by a State …”

Daniel Thürer CONVIVENZA – Über ein nicht spektakuläres, aber innovatives kleines Projekt des internationalen Minderheitenschutzes S. 1211-1224

„… gegen Frevel“. Graubünden war im Dreissigjährigen Krieg ein „Failed State“, und der „Held“ jenes …” „… needed: an “ethos of diversity” Most States have a multiethnic character. We regard pluralism in an …” „… affirmative sense rather than as a threat to state unity. It is a source of richness, exchange and creativity …”

Astrid Epiney Zur Rechtsfigur des de facto-Organs im Recht der Staatenverantwortlichkeit S. 895-908

„… 2001, 93 ff.; André J. de Hoogh, Articles 4 and 8 of the 2001 ILC Articles on State Responsibility …” „… classiques et nouvelles tendances, RdC 1984 VI, 96 ff.: Gregory Townsend, State Responsibility for Acts of …” „… .; Griebel, de facto-Organe (Fn. 1), 47 ff.; Rüdiger Wolfrum, State Responsibility for Private Actors: an …”

Rudolf Bernhardt Zur Rechtsvergleichung im Verfassungsrecht S. 851-858

„… der Universellen Erklärung der Vereinten Nationen von 1948, ist aber auch nationalen …” „… great majority of the member States of the Council of Europe has evolved and is continuing to evolve …” „… consensus within the Member States of the Council of Europe, either as to the relative importance of the …”

Armin von Bogdandy, Sergio Dellavalle Ad hostes docere – Zu den Ursprüngen und zur Präsenz partikularistisch-holistischen Denkens S. 859-876

„… , 1997; Ernest Gellner, Nations and Nationalism, 1983; John Breuilly, Nationalism and the State, 1982 …” „… politisch überaus erfolgreichen Begriff der Nation gefunden, der mehr als hundert Jahre lang die tragende …” „… Welt“ schon des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts wird die Beschränkung auf die Nation jedoch als Hindernis …”

Rudolf Dolzer Neuverhandlungsklauseln im aktuellen Recht der Auslandsinvestitionen S. 607-620

„… Vereinten Nationen in der berühmten Resolution 1803 (1962) noch fest, dass „…foreign investments entered …” „… on State Responsibility (2002). 9 Hierzu auch M. Bonell, An International Restatement of Contract …” „… Klauseln: „Duty of Good Faith: Ethical Obligations of Transnational Corporations Draft United Nations …”

Hans-Peter Gasser Recht der kriegerischen Besetzung und Menschenrechte: Leitlinien für die Konfliktlösung? S. 429-438

„… eines im Rahmen der Vereinten Nationen beschlossenen Aktion zur Friedenssicherung oder zur Sicherung …” „… der Menschenrechte in einem „failed State“ durchgeführt werden, soll hier nicht eingegangen werden …” „… Wege eines im Rahmen der Vereinten Nationen gefallenen Beschlusses. Nur auf diese Weise ist eine …”

Manfred Zuleeg, Timo Tohidipur Strukturmerkmale des Europarechts zwischen Integration und Sanktion S. 1101-1110

„… Legislation in Federal Systems, The European Union and the United States of America Compared, 1996, S. 57-60 …” „… Nation und die Nationalökonomie sehen sich im Sog eines globalen Zeitalters Herausforderungen und …”

Ulrich Beyerlin Gedanken zur ethischen Fundierung internationaler Umweltschutznormen am Beispiel des Konzepts „nachhaltige Entwicklung“ S. 591-606

„… , Environmental Policy in the United States, in: D. Helm (ed.), Economic Policy Towards the Environment (1992), S …” „… imperialism whereby Western values not shared or willfully accepted by other nations are unconsciously …”

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