Filter results

Results (7170)

Sort by:

Select all Select all

Page 1

Peter Imbusch - Gerechtigkeit - Demokratie - Frieden

No access

Select

Peter Imbusch (ed.)

Gerechtigkeit - Demokratie - Frieden

Series: AFK-Friedensschriften

Volume 33 2007

Results in this title

Michael Haspel Ethics of International Relations and the Legitimate Use of Military Force S. 44-79

„… 44 Ethics of International Relations and the Legitimate Use of Military Force1 Michael Haspel …” „… , Tallinn 1984); my translation from the German edition. Ethics and Legitimate Use of Military Force 45 …” „… international relations? When is the use of force legitimate? Is it legitimate to use force in order to …”

Ted Honderich Violence and Humanity S. 283-306

„… completeness. He can also be asked to make some use of a history of detached thinking about right and wrong …” „… use violence. It is not easily separated from the politics of power, Machtpolitik, relating to other …” „… alternative exists but does not much matter. It marks only a decision as to the use of a word. It remains the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-6

„… Relations and the Legitimate Use of Military Force 44 Michael Haspel Armut als Sanktion – Ein Beitrag …” „… , reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means …” „… reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation …”

Thomas Hoppe Gerechtigkeit – Menschenrechte – Frieden. Zur Geschichte und Aktualität der Idee vom „gerechten Frieden“ S. 23-44

„… Contemporary Warfare, New Haven. 44 Ethics of International Relations and the Legitimate Use of Military …” „… Force1 Michael Haspel A state is only a member of the community of civilized states if and as long as …” „… personelle und materielle Ausstattung sowie adäquate Einsatzgrundsätze (Rules of Engagement) sind nicht nur …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845202785

Ruth Effinowicz - The Use of Armed Forces Abroad

No access

Select

Ruth Effinowicz

The Use of Armed Forces Abroad

Series: Kölner Schriften zum Friedenssicherungsrecht - Cologne Studies on International Peace and Security Law - Études colonaises sur le droit de la paix et de la sécurité internationale

Volume 19 2023

Results in this title

Chapter 2. From a Ius Contra Bellum to a Ius ad Bellum? S. 30-184

„… neither be called a ‘military’ nor are the conditions of their use of force in individual self-defense as …” „… years. For instance, the use of force was long regarded as being permissible only for the purpose of …” „… because Japan would otherwise directly participate in the use of force, Japan has sent SDF troops on PKO …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-16

„… Necessaryiii.72Domestic Understanding of the Use of Force(a)73Minimum Extent Necessary(b) 75Additional …” „… The Use of Armed Forces AbroadRuth EffinowiczThe Legal Framework of JapanKölner Schriften zum …” „… . 54Use of Force by the SDF2. 59Individual Self-Defense and Armed Attacka. 59Condition 1: Armed Attacki …”

Chapter 1. Introduction S. 17-29

„… operations involving the use of force.As for the time frame, this book will study the current system, which …” „… is of particular interest. Today, public international law prohibits the use of force by states …” „… time as categorically precluding any use of armed forces. However, 2019, available at …”

Appendix S. 387-446

„… attack buryoku no kōshi 武力の行使 use of force busshi kyōryoku 物資協力 contribution in kind chitai naku 遅滞なく …” „… ’ ittaika 一体化 ~the process of becoming one, of being integrated with [the use of force] iwayuru furusetto no …” „… force capabilities jitsuryoku kōshi 実力行使 exercise of force capabilities/the use of force B. Glossary of …”

Chapter 4. The Legal Framework: Foreseeability and Accountability S. 216-382

„… minesweeping.Chapter 4. The Legal Framework: Foreseeability and Accountability232further limit the use of force but …” „… deployments as aiming to make use of force and distinguished them from constitutional deployments abroad …” „… , which would not entail the use of force (even though at the time of the statement no legislation would …”

Chapter 3. Relevant Criteria for the Deployment of Armed Forces Abroad S. 185-215

„… , the UN Charter might appear as the natural starting point. Regarding the use of force, the UN Charter …” „… course the framework on the use of force that any UN member state has the obligation to adhere to. It is …” „… sound like excluding substantive rules on the use of force, but arguably, as this is already included in …”

Chapter 5. Conclusion S. 383-386

„… hardly be seen as accurately reflecting Japan’s practice vis-à-vis the use of armed forces today. Still …” „… the Constitution has led to a highly sophisticated legal framework governing the use armed forces …” „… bases for the use of the SDF can only be understood against the backdrop of this struggle. This struggle …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748926542

Benjamin K. Nußberger - Interstate Assistance to the Use of Force

Access

Select

Benjamin K. Nußberger

Interstate Assistance to the Use of Force

Series: Kölner Schriften zum Friedenssicherungsrecht - Cologne Studies on International Peace and Security Law - Études colonaises sur le droit de la paix et de la sécurité internationale

Volume 23 2023

Results in this title

Chapter 1 Interstate Assistance to the Use of Force – The Framework of the Book S. 29-64

„… StateTargeted StateAssisted State(State using force)Interstate assistanceUse of (armed) forceInterference in …” „… internationalrelations without assistance from another State. In view of a use of force,States cooperate. States provide …” „… inenhancing the effectiveness of the cornerstone of international law: theprohibition to use force.This …”

Chapter 7 The Regime Governing Interstate Assistance to the Use of Force – Quo Vadis? S. 839-842

„… , The Use of Forceand International Law (2018); Clauß Kreß, 'On the Principle of Non-Use of Force …” „… assistance to the use of force,too. Whether rules will be concretized or change, remains to be seen …” „… (non)-assisting States face when confron‐ted with a use of force, this is not a surprising finding.The current …”

Chapter 5 The Regulatory Framework Governing Interstate Assistance as Elucidated by International Practice S. 723-788

„… limited manner,and only indirectly with respect to the use of force.Besides, practice indicates that …” „… , the assisting State may provide assistance to assistance, ratherthan to a use of force.Another …” „… assistance in the use of forceThe implication of the act of assistance in the use of force is a key factor …”

Chapter 3 The United Nations Charter and Interstate Assistance S. 109-182

„… assistance to a use of force.In that respect, two features merit special mention.First, in contrast to its …” „… seen above. The prohibition may henceapply to assistance to a use of force.Does this mean that Article …” „… prohibit interstate assistance to a use of force,in a general and comprehensive manner. Instead, its main …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-28

„… forceitself ?B.149Assistance as a ‘use’ of force?C. 153No limitation of Article 2(4) UN Charter to ‘directuse …” „… assistance to the targetedState (when) using force?a)693Sanctions with respect to interstate use of forceb …” „… the prohibition to use of force1) 742Direct use of (own) forcea) 742Indirect use of forceb) 743 …”

Bibliography S. 843-884

„… Contribution of the International Court of Justice to the Law of theUse of Force‘, EJIL:Talk! (18 November 2011 …” „… ), https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-contribution-of-the-international-court-of-justice-and-the-law-of-the-use-of-force/.Akande, Dapo, 'Embedded Troops and the Use of Force in Syria: International andDomestic Law Questions …” „… ), https://www.ejiltalk.org/embedded-troops-and-the-use-of-force-in-syria-international-and-domestic-law-questions/.Akande, Dapo, Gillard, Emanuela-Chiara, The Oxford Guidance on the Law Relatingto Humanitarian Relief …”

Chapter 4 Interstate Assistance in International Practice – Filling the United Nations Charter with Life S. 183-722

„… limited to unlawful use of force.Article 2(5) UNC was not interpreted to require a breach of …” „… interstateassistance to a use of force (II).I. Methodological approachInternational practice is relevant for the …” „… evolution of the prohibition onthe use of force: normative volatility and legislative responsibility', 4(1 …”

Chapter 6 General Rules of International Law and Interstate Assistance S. 789-838

„… . The assisting State’s contribution falls short of force.It hence does not commit a direct use of force …” „… assisted act, i.e. the useof force. The exact definitional boundaries of what constitutes a use of forceare …” „… amounting to an element of the wrongful act, i.e. the use of force.Christian Dominicé argues along similar …”

Chapter 2 Pre-1945 History of Interstate Assistance – Diversity in Transition S. 65-108

„… werethird States legally protected from being a target of a use of force seekingto prevent cooperation with …” „… international legal reality. What im‐plications did this have for assistance to a use of force? The …” „… collective security may be and istypically the principle of non-use of force, albeit it can be defined more …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748939825

Aiden Warren, Joseph M. Siracusa - Understanding Presidential Doctrines

No access

Select

Aiden Warren, Joseph M. Siracusa

Understanding Presidential Doctrines

2022

Results in this title

8 Pragmatic Realism and the Use-of-Force S. 189-210

doi.org/10.5771/9781538155271

Swantje Renfordt - Framing the Use of Force: An International Rule of Law in Media Reporting

No access

Select

Swantje Renfordt

Framing the Use of Force: An International Rule of Law in Media Reporting

2011

Results in this title

Defining the Law Norms Analysed – What are the Legal Rules to Govern the Use of Force? S. 29-36

„… sole legitimate institution to authorise of the use of armed force15, and, (5) the right to …” „… development: 2.2 Defining the Law Norms Analysed -– What are the Legal Rules to Govern the Use of Force …” „… ? 2.2.1 The Prohibition of the Use of Force The general prohibition to use force as a means to “settle …”

– Introduction S. 13-23

„… discourses addressing the use of force which has become a fundamental issue of international security …” „… processes of International Law norms on the use of force in political mass communication from a continuous …” „… and content of Western media discourses addressing law norms on the use of force, this thesis tests …”

Giving the Discourse Theory Empirical Grounding – Media Debates as a Forum for Discourses of Application S. 44-46

„… with a high degree of controversy; in particular because the use of armed force risks the lives of the …” „… , values, and the moral implications of the use of force are assessed. 33 According to Habermas, via …” „… described earlier – “UNSC authority to decide on the use of force”, “human rights protection”, “protection …”

Opinions in International Law Discourse S. 123-129

„… tone or a pacifist stance towards the use of force? To capture varying opinions in the articles …” „… against the use of force (Moscow and Peking – to date, they are against any military action that is not …” „… carried out under the umbrella of the organisation [UN]”87, (2) articles that push for the use of force on …”

Defining Discourse and Norms S. 24-29

„… International Law norms on the use of force, the object of analysis in this study, have an intrinsically global …” „… comply with a number of legal criteria, such as the overarching rule prohibiting the use of force in …” „… international peace and security. In addition, only the UNSC may legally authorise the use of military force as …”

Which International Law Norms Matter in Media Discourse? S. 136-143

„… difference might go back to the perceived level of public controversy over the use of armed force. I used …” „… articles. 1. Prohibition of the use of force Example: “In order to justify a military operation for the …” „… customary International Law, be accepted as an acceptable exception to the prohibition of the use of force …”

International Law in Framing Context S. 118-123

„… as a transnational script in political mass communication addressing the use of armed force. The …” „… masterframe may be used in two ways: either as an argumentative device in favour of the use of force, or as …” „… understanding for interpreting the use of force (see Chapter 5.1.3). For the “law in context” analysis, I …”

Frame Analysis as a Tool to Trace Meaning Structures in Media Debate S. 69-84

„… relations today – the use of armed force. Yet, before turning to the question, whether, when, and where we …” „… because a law framing of the use of armed force may be 47 For a literature overview on framing as …” „… processes on contested security issues, such as the use of force, involve politicians, civil society, and …”

Public Discourses of Application & the Logic of Appropriateness S. 46-50

„… the five legal rules described earlier – “UNSC authority to decide on the use of force”, “human rights …” „… implies that the media diffusion of “law” as one interpretation for debating the use of force has …” „… governing the use of force but also define a civilised, transparent, and comprehensible way to discuss one …”

Evaluation of Empirical Findings S. 202-207

„… - Prohibition to use force Two dimensions of content of media debate: - Procedural framing (multilateral …” „… interpretations centred on identity, interest or universal principles to explain the use of force. Using mean …” „… moral aspects of the (non-) use of force. “Never without the UN” – This media frame was immensely …”

Conceptual Departures – Merging Discourse Theory of Legitimate Law and Approaches from International Relations Theory S. 197-202

„… assumptions on International Law rhetoric in Western media debates addressing the use of armed force. By …” „… addressing the use of force between 1990 and 2005. This question breaks with much of the literature to date …” „… legal framing for the use of force in Western newspaper debate. As to norms, this study adopted a …”

The Assumptions of Global Sociological Institutionalism S. 50-54

„… broader public about socially valid, relevant and acceptable arguments to discuss the use of force. Yet …” „… addressing law norms on the use of force. The development of assumptions that can account for uniform and …” „… analysis of national news discourses addressing law norms on the use of force. It argues that global …”

Formative Moments of Legal Framing in Mass Media S. 129-136

„… earlier, this study concentrates on five fundamental International Law norms governing the use of force …” „… – moral and procedural rules on the use of force – dominate discourse over time and across all countries …” „… interpretation of the use of force, I collected data on all crisis places in all newspaper articles that debate …”

Implications for Political Practice S. 209-211

„… international legal rules ought to govern the use of military force. Another recommendation for politics …” „… follows from the finding that some core norms on the use of force as found in the UN Charter are invisible …” „… rules, which are hardly used to frame the use of force, are (1) the general prohibition of the use of …”

Do Borders Matter for an Overall Law Framing? S. 143-172

„… European newspaper debates between 1990 and 2005. Indeed, a law interpretation of the use of force is even …” „… rights (Chapter 9.2), and a UN authorisation of the use of force, which is the core issue of procedural …” „… national differences hardly matter for a legal interpretation of the use of force, it follows that …”

– Evaluation of Guiding Assumptions S. 189-197

„… international security politics. It did so by analysing mass public argumentations on the use of armed force. I …” „… interpret the “use of force” issue. This step of analysis was alldecisive since the visibility of a law …” „… discourse and for the more specific debate on procedural issue of the use of force, indicating the existence …”

How Visible is International Law in the Media? S. 105-118

„… through national mass media. Issues such as the use of military force dramatise the need for this …” „… norms which are fundamental for governing the use of force (see Chapter 2.2). The coded data allows for …” „… in a particular quarter – all newspaper articles that discuss the use of force as a central issue …”

Do Borders Matter for a Procedural Law Framing? S. 181-189

„… interventions, mainly concerned with a UN authorisation of the use of military force, competes with the moral …” „… framing discussed above. Often, procedural framing of the use of force was accompanied by presumptions of …” „… examples discuss the value of the United Nations as the sole authority to decide on the use of force in …”

Alternative Assumptions S. 54-60

„… specific content of Western media discourse addressing law norms on the use of force. Following …” „… cultural justification of the use of force (Finnemore 1996: 332-3); there is no evident functional need to …” „… draw on individual rights arguments in a mass public justification of the use of force. Because of …”

Law and Discourse – Empirical State of the Art and Research Questions S. 36-38

„… at studies which are concerned with legal rules on the use of force, some scholars take formal …” „… studies that are concerned with public mass communication and fundamental rules on the use of force in …” „… continuous picture of how mass public debate on fundamental rules on the use of force has unfolded over time …”

Generalisability of Findings and Possibilities for Future Research S. 211-212

„… considerations as a justification for the use of force in the UN Charter, and in light of the strong emphasis of …” „… for the use of military force to prevent humanitarian catastrophes. 11.5 Generalisability of Findings …” „… diachronic developments of, for instance, shifts in legal opinions on the use of force and discursive change …”

Do Borders Matter for a Moral Framing? S. 172-181

„… case, are all those articles that debate the use of force as a main issue. According to the …” „… rights in relation to the articles which discuss the use of force as a primary issue. 132 All variables …” „… authorisation of the use of military force, competes with the moral framing discussed above. Often, procedural …”

Table of Contents S. 7-10

„… Norms 26 2.2 Defining the Law Norms Analysed -– What are the Legal Rules to Govern the Use of Force? 29 …” „… 2.2.1 The Prohibition of the Use of Force 29 2.2.2 The Principle of Sovereign Equality 30 2.2.3 The …” „… Protection of Human Rights 31 2.2.4 UN Authorisation of the Use of Military Force 33 2.2.5 Right of …”

Coding the Newspaper Articles and Testing Reliability S. 94-101

„… discussed. If the use of military force in the form of individual strikes fulfills these criteria, they …” „… categories that capture debate along the five fundamental rules governing the use of force was even more …” „… reliable. The Holsti coefficient for the “Security Council’s monopoly to decide on the use of force …”

Literature S. 213-226

„… ., and R. O. Keohane (2004) The Preventive Use of Force: A Cosmopolitan Institutional Proposal. Ethics …” „… (ed) (2001) Public Opinion and the Use of Force. London: Routledge. Fairclough, N. and R. Wodak (1997 …” „… New Left. Berkely: University of California Press. Glennon, M. J. (2006) The Emerging Use-of-Force …”

– Conclusion of Part One S. 66-68

„… understanding of the degree of social validity of fundamental International Law norms on the use of force. My …” „… appropriateness and that debating the use of force through the “lens of law” reflects appropriate action by the …” „… generated, applied, and complied with. While there are some studies addressing rules governing the use of …”

Appendix Two – Excerpt from Codebook S. 234-254

„… : prohibition use of force (ilaw_ban) The primary issue is discussed with regard to the prohibition of the use …” „… of fore in international politics. 1 The prohibition of the use of force is considered important …” „… direction of discussion evident 3 The prohibition of the use of force is not binding, military means are …”

Operationalising an Investigation of ”International Law” as a Script in Media Debate S. 60-66

„… the use of force. Two questions, however, have not been answered yet: First, how do we empirically …” „… know that law norms on the use of force are socially recognised, that they are a “script”, when …” „… studies addressing rules governing the use of military force in formal institutionalised discourses …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-4

„… Swantje RenfordtFraming the Use of Force: An International Rule of Law in Media ReportingA …” „… the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations …” „… Comparative Analysis of Western Media Debates about Military Intervention, ? -??NomosD1. Auflage 2011 …”

– Conclusion of Part Two S. 101-104

„… furthermore include a law framing (n=1,611) This data set assembles all articles which debate the use of force …” „… use of an interpretation is a characteristic of and does not imply a contradiction to the concept of …” „… int. It is representative of the larger set of articles reporting on military interventions. Man …”

Defining and Sampling the Data S. 84-94

„… . Kosovo or Aceh.61 Although this study focuses on International Law norms on the use of force, terms like …” „… , shifting from a “East-West conflict” frame to “new justifications for the use of force in shaping world …” „… 84 Chapter 6 – Some Stylised Facts 6.1 Defining and Sampling the Data This final chapter of Part …”

On Discourse, Law, Morality, and Politics - Core Assumptions of a Discourse Theory on Legitimate Law for the Purpose of this Study S. 38-44

„… rules on the use of force has changed since the demise of the Soviet Union by analysing the role these …” „… whether and if so, to what extent a “rule of law” script has shaped Western news reporting on the use of …” „… force? Can we observe the emergence of a cross-nationally shared “law” script, as would be expected by …”

Contribution of my Findings to the International Relations Literature S. 207-209

„… communication, which focuses on the rule of law as the most appropriate frame for discussing the use of force …” „… institutional side, or, to use Habermas’s terminology, at the facticity dimension of legal norms (see the …” „… 207 11.3 Contribution of my Findings to the International Relations Literature Firstly, my study …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845231433

1

2 3 ... 1434