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Andrew O'Regan - Imaging the Voluntary Actor

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Andrew O'Regan

Imaging the Voluntary Actor

Series: International Civil Society

Volume 2 2009

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Finding and Observations S. 217-226

„… 217Chapter 9 Findings and ObservationsThis final chapter serves to gather the conclusions emanating …” „… ObservationsEmbarking on this dissertation (Chapter 1), I set out my research question as:This question was prompted by …” „… primaryfindings, secondary findings, and observations are organised in the flow in whichthey have developed during …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-6

„… Literature 193Finding and Observations 217Appendices 227References 277Index 297 …”

The Storying of Lives S. 81-104

„… their capacity formaking apparently contradictory actions sensible.• The observation of the expression …” „… members tohave their values reflected in their organisational experience.• The personal observation of …” „… leadership tomake organisational actions meaningful for others.• The personal observation of organisational …”

References S. 277-296

„… , CambridgeUniversity Press, Cambridge.Atkinson, P. and Hammersley, M. (1998) ‘Ethnography and Participant Observation …” „… . (1978) ‘An Evolving Logic of Participant Observation, Educational Ethnography andOther Case Studies’ in …”

In Search of Paradigm, Methodology and Method S. 53-80

„… . observations, documents, audio-visual material andinterviews. Of these, I have chosen interviews as the most …” „… , that is, it has been stimulated by observation and reflection on livedexperiences (Gill & Johnson 1991 …”

Introduction S. 9-14

„… , Chapter Nine, a number of conclusions and observationsarising from the findings of this research are …”

In Search of the Voluntary Actor S. 15-52

„… science methods of observation andexperimentation to the social world. He saw this new science as one that …”

The Construction of Meaning S. 139-172

„… action in society. Consistent with this observation, it may benoted that there is an inter-relatedness in …”

Appendices S. 227-276

„… observation that the quality ofour being and our epistemological capacity are profoundly shaped by …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845219141

Aikaterini Titi - The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law

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Aikaterini Titi

The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law

Series: Studien zum Internationalen Investitionsrecht

Volume 10 2014

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General observations S. 275-276

„… question of an implicitright to regulateGeneral observationsUnder the status quo, substantive IIA …” „… . 831et seq.1509 Above, General observations.XI. Arbitral jurisprudence on the right to regulate276 …” „… legitimate public policy considerations. This observation has ledto the suggestion that, even in the absence …”

General observations S. 76-78

„… Types of regulatory interestsGeneral observationsThe discussion now turns to the types of …” „… intended.’.A. General observations77Essential security interestsGeneral observations on essential security …”

General observations S. 123-125

„… The right to regulate in IIAsGeneral observationsThe present chapter delves into exceptions couched …”

General observations on essential security interests S. 78-82

„… Essential security interestsGeneral observations on essential security interestsMasked under …” „… See above, General observations on essential security interests; also UNCTAD(2009a), op cit., p. 7 et …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-14

„… IntroductionI. 19The right to regulate: general observationsII. 32The right to regulate: what’s in a name…A. 33 …” „… regulatory interestsV. 76General observationsA. 76Essential security interestsB. 78General observations on …” „… Concluding remarksD. 122The right to regulate in IIAsVII. 123General observationsA. 123The right to regulate …”

The right to regulate: what’s in a name… S. 32-35

„… The right to regulate: general observationsThe capacity of a state to regulate is well-entrenched …” „… cit., p. 147.66 See Chapters VI, VII and IX.67 See Chapter VII, especially General observations.68 See …” „… : general observations34cording to the principle of proportionality78. While in principle this approachis …”

The right to regulate and the contingent standards of treatment: most-favoured-nation treatment and national treatment S. 126-143

„… observationsThe contingent standards are closely allied between them645. Whereas national treatment violations …” „… section commences with some general observations on REIO clauses and their significance, having special …” „… Aforecited Article 3(3) German Model BIT, see above, General observations.682 Article 4 specifies: ‘Ce …”

Concluding remarks S. 288-290

„… observations.Concluding remarksIf it is a truism that some of the above awards introduce the concept of regulatory freedom …”

The fair and equitable treatment S. 276-281

„… . (2013a), op cit., p. 831et seq.1509 Above, General observations.XI. Arbitral jurisprudence on the right …”

Expropriation S. 281-288

„… foregoing analyses, the section that ensues will now venturesome concluding observations.Concluding …”

Are explicit treaty exceptions necessary to reserve policy space? S. 293-294

„… freedom. In particular, two observations sound the alarm: first, a doubt is born from thelacuna occasioned …” „… consideration tothese two concerns.The first issue is reflected in an observation made with reference to the2004 …”

Limiting the scope of investment protection S. 35-40

„… . 135.81 Above, The right to regulate: what’s in a name...II. The right to regulate: general observations36 …” „… regulate: general observations38A particular case of narrowing down the definition of protected investment …” „… : general observations40 …”

Exceptions versus reservations S. 50-52

„… .II. The right to regulate: general observations50the significance of exceptions for the right to …” „… Annexes I-VII. See also generally UNCTAD(2006), op cit.II. The right to regulate: general observations52 …”

Deference afforded at tribunal discretion S. 40-42

„… cit., and Chapter XI.II. The right to regulate: general observations40bunal determining the existence …” „… statements contribute to legal certainty.II. The right to regulate: general observations42 …”

Is an explicit treaty-based right to regulate harmful to regulatory freedom? S. 294-296

„… recognition of general regulatory freedom. In particular, two observations sound the alarm: first, a doubt is …” „… observation made with reference to the2004 Canadian Model BIT, that, paradoxically, introducing general …”

Elimination of the umbrella clause S. 48-50

„… added).II. The right to regulate: general observations48and Canadian Model BITs. Canada, in particular …” „… .II. The right to regulate: general observations50 …”

Clarifications and interpretative statements S. 42-45

„… . The right to regulate: general observations42and stave off future interpretations at odds with the …” „… VII, The right to regulate and expropriation.II. The right to regulate: general observations44 …”

Doing away with investor-state dispute settlement S. 45-48

„… School Legal Studies ResearchPaper No. 11/32.II. The right to regulate: general observations46gotiations …” „… observations48 …”

Essential security interests S. 206-211

„… ’, seeChapter V, General observations on essential security interests), Article 7(1) UKModel BIT 2008 (cf. the …” „… highlighttaxation-related exceptions to the contingent standards.B.1144 See Chapter V, General observations on essential …”

Concluding remarks S. 52

„… right to regulate: general observations52 …”

Circumstances of extreme emergency S. 94

„… focus on interpretations of this regulatory interest. Commencing withsome general observations, it will …”

Necessity S. 237-257

„… . See also Chapter VIII, The nexus requirement; andfurther Chapter V, General observations on essential …” „… consideration comes from the observation that the ICJin the Gab?íkovo-Nagymaros Project case ‘affirmed the need …” „… successful invocation.1389 See also Chapter V, General observations on essential security interests.1390 See …”

Essential interests S. 88-90

„… . 12.415 ILC (2001), op cit., Commentary on Article 25, para. 15.416 See above, General observations on …”

Essential security interests, economic crises and economic security S. 82-84

„… ; see alsoSempra Award, op cit., para. 374.360 See above, General observations on essential security …”

Introduction S. 19-31

„… , the bookgenerally relies for its observations on the actual text of the treaties, with afew examples …” „… somegeneral observations, focusing on a definition of the right to regulate anddelineating its outer contours …”

Policy space as a remedy to a systemic imbalance S. 72-75

„… brought to the fore through arbitration. The analysis here buildson these observations, by focusing on the …”

International peace and security S. 90-94

„… . Commencing withsome general observations, it will subsequently address the meaning of public order in …”

Conclusion S. 298-304

„… significance of these observations is felt particularly with referenceto some seminal regulatory interests …”

The right to regulate and the fair and equitable treatment, the minimum standard of treatment and full protection and security S. 143-148

„… no digressions757 Chapter XI, General observations and Chapter XI, Arbitral jurisprudence and …”

The nexus requirement S. 190-195

„… , Necessity and the criteria for its successful invocation; Chapter V,General observations on essential …”

Taxation S. 211-216

„… , General observations on essential security interests.1145 See Wälde, T. W. and Kolo, A. (2008), Coverage …”

Arbitration as a perceived threat to state regulatory freedom S. 67-72

„… brought to the fore through arbitration. The analysis here buildson these observations, by focusing on the …”

Public order (ordre public) S. 94-99

„… focus on interpretations of this regulatory interest. Commencing withsome general observations, it will …”

Cultural exception, exception for cultural policy and the investment law context S. 224-233

„… ‘designed to’ grants hoststates a broad margin of flexibility1230, an observation reiterated by the factthat …”

General regulatory clauses and the public interest (‘General exceptions’ modelled after Article XX GATT or the right to regulate by subject: the public interest) S. 173-188

„… observation that general exceptions modelled after this Article would be mostly relevant in thecase of …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845251783

Sarah Raveling - Self-Representation Before International Criminal Tribunals

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Sarah Raveling

Self-Representation Before International Criminal Tribunals

Series: Schriften zum Internationalen und Europäischen Strafrecht

Volume 11 2014

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Preliminary observations S. 381

„… C. Preliminary observationsThe preceding chapter has demonstrated that the framework for …”

Preliminary observations S. 52-53

„… with international standards of fairness”.189C. Preliminary observationsThis first examination of …”

Preliminary observations S. 276-277

„… . Preliminary observationsThe second chapter of this dissertation has revealed that the right to …”

Influence of national and regional interpretations of the right to self-representation on the international criminal legal system S. 45-52

„… . Preliminary observationsThis first examination of approaches to the exercise of the right to …”

Motivations expressed by self-represented accused S. 269-276

„… the whims of their subjects.F. Preliminary observationsThe second chapter of this dissertation has …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… self-representation on the international criminal legalsystem52C. Preliminary observations54CHAPTER TWO. The right to …” „… . Preliminary observations278CHAPTER THREE. Restrictions on the exercise of the right to selfrepresentation278A …” „… for Rwanda3793. Discussion381C. Preliminary observations382CHAPTER FOUR. Suggestions for future …”

Potential ethical implications for imposed counsel S. 363-381

„… . Preliminary observationsThe preceding chapter has demonstrated that the framework for restrictionsof the right …”

Complexity of proceedings and (lack of) legal knowledge S. 131-149

„… observations and concerns about the impactof the Prosecution’s inadequate approach to its disclosure …” „… probably lifetime jail sentence.”142Given that the above observations on the use of specific rules in …” „… reflect the initially advanced theoretical concepts of the right to self-representation. This observation …”

Regional jurisdictions S. 34-45

„… approach is underscored by the observation that the apparent consensus on a full right to …”

National jurisdictions S. 16-34

„… exercise of a right to defend oneself in person.Of interest for current purposes is the observation that …”

Obstruction of the proceedings S. 278-305

„… Pursuant to Rule 33(B) Regarding the Trial Chamber’s“Ordonnance Relative aux Observations du Greffe du 7 …”

International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia S. 441-465

„… (B) Regarding the TrialChamber’s “Ordonnance Relative aux Observations du Greffe du 7 mai 2009”, 08 …”

Adequate time and facilities for self-represented accused S. 167-245

„… considers that this conclusion, combined with the observations made in the next paragraph, are not …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845250878

Marcello Baldarelli, Peter von Prondzinski - Polizeigesetz Nordrhein-Westfalen

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Marcello Baldarelli, Peter von Prondzinski

Polizeigesetz Nordrhein-Westfalen

2019

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§ 16a Datenerhebung durch Observation S. 83-87

„… Observation(1) Die Polizei kann personenbezogene Daten erheben durch eine durchgehendlänger als 24 Stunden …” „… Beobachtung (längerfristigeObservation)1. über die in den §§ 4 und 5 genannten und unter den Voraussetzungen …” „… Personen angetroffen werden, ohne jedoch§ 16a Datenerhebung durch Observation84enge persönliche …”

§ 17 Datenerhebung durch den verdeckten Einsatz technischer Mittel S. 88-90

„… 88– Kurzfristige Observation:– Observation von Fußballfans, die sich nach dem …” „… Geschäftseinbrecher fährt am Wochenende durchIndustriegebiet– nicht: Observation eines Hauses, das ggf. besetzt werden …”

§ 68 Berichtspflichten gegenüber dem Landtag S. 227-228

„… die Berichtspflicht, wenn dieObservation offen durchgeführt wurde. Abweichend von Satz 1 ist dem …”

§ 67 Entschädigungsansprüche S. 227

„… die Berichtspflicht, wenn dieObservation offen durchgeführt wurde. Abweichend von Satz 1 ist dem …”

§ 22 Datenspeicherung, Prüfungstermine S. 110-112

„… richtetsich nicht nach § 21 (vgl. §§ 9, 12 PolG, § 163b StPO).– Abgrenzung zur Observation (§ 16a): Gezielte …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 3-14

„… . . 78§ 16a Datenerhebung durch Observation . . . . . . . . . 838§ 17 Datenerhebung durch den verdeckten …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783415065918

Sascha G. Wolf - Pharmaceutical Expenditure in Germany

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Sascha G. Wolf

Pharmaceutical Expenditure in Germany

Series: Neue Studien zur Politischen Ökonomie

Volume 6 2009

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Empirical Observations S. 64-66

„… 643.6. Empirical ObservationsUnexpected regularities in the development of pharmaceutical …” „… afterwards it disappeared again in support of a new cost increase.This observation allows three conclusions …” „… increasing pharmaceutical costs. This observation leads us to the presumption that it appears to be …”

Model Specification II: Error Correction Model S. 60-64

„… ObservationsUnexpected regularities in the development of pharmaceutical expenditure can be found (? gure 3.7): During …” „… cost increase.This observation allows three conclusions: ? rstly, government is able to affect drug …” „… afterwards it no longer had any reasons to prevent increasing pharmaceutical costs. This observation leads us …”

Data S. 25-26

„… development of health care expenditure. At the moment, only two observations seem to be established: ? rstly …” „… observation “steeping“ of health care expenditure pro? les. Unless concurrent expenditure for younger people …” „… decreases, this observation speaks in favour of the medicalisation thesis.2.4. Medicalisation and …”

Medicalisation Thesis S. 21-22

„… becomes much steeper. This observation has led to the popular belief that there is a strong relationship …” „… (Fries 1980). This supposition is based on the observation that a high proportion of lifetime health care …” „… ) calls this observation “rectangularization” of the survival curves (see ? gure 2.3). He attributes this …”

Empirical Evidence S. 23-25

„… ageing population on the development of health care expenditure. At the moment, only two observations …” „… . Wasem (1995) called this observation “steeping“ of health care expenditure pro? les. Unless concurrent …” „… expenditure for younger people decreases, this observation speaks in favour of the medicalisation thesis.2.4 …”

Principal Components Analysis S. 26-32

„… 2004. For this reason, it is based on 16,150 observations in each case. All data have been standardised …” „… an active substance is directly measured. It enables the observation of drug consumption broadly …” „… 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.97Sample: 16,150 observations in each case (consumption pro? les 1988 - 2004; 50 …”

Conclusion S. 90-92

„… cycles in expenditure developments with signi? cant amplitudes before federal elections. This observation …” „… industry itself. The econometric ? ndings and the empirical observations clearly suggest that political …”

Compression Thesis S. 22-23

„… age but on distance to death (Fries 1980). This supposition is based on the observation that a high …” „… highest age groups. Fries (1980, p. 131) calls this observation “rectangularization” of the survival …”

Contents S. 11-12

„… . Empirical Observations 643.7. Conclusion 664. Reference Pricing versus Medical Savings Accounts 674.1 …”

Conclusion S. 44

„… be the main cost driver in future.Based on these observations, an outlook on the future development …”

Conclusion S. 66

„… . These econometric results have been con? rmed by empirical observations. …”

Data S. 37-38

„… prognosis. Since disbursements in some age groups have declined during the observation period, it is …”

Introduction S. 45-46

„… empirical observations. Finally, section 3.7 will state the conclusion.3.2. Development of Drug …”

Methodology S. 38-39

„… prognosis. Since disbursements in some age groups have declined during the observation period, it is …”

Introduction S. 15-16

„… . Subsequently, empirical observations will be presented which af? rm our econometric ? ndings. Based on these …”

Results S. 34-37

„… reached three observations: ? rstly, consumption against acute, age-independent disturbances of health has …”

Development of Drug Expenditure S. 46-48

„… 46the attained results correspond with empirical observations. Finally, section 3.7 will state the …”

Political Implications S. 42-44

„… driver in future.Based on these observations, an outlook on the future development of drug expenditure …”

Forecasting Health Care Expenditure – Review of the Literature S. 18-21

„… expenditure pro? le suddenly becomes much steeper. This observation has led to the popular belief that there …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845220055

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