Filter results

Results (1215)

Sort by:

Select all Select all

Page 1

Dirk Ehlers, Henning Glaser, Kittisak Prokati - Constitutionalism and Good Governance

No access

Select

Dirk Ehlers (ed.), Henning Glaser (ed.), Kittisak Prokati (ed.)

Constitutionalism and Good Governance

Series: CPG Series of Comparative Constitutional Law, Politics and Governance

Volume 1 2014

Results in this title

Dirk Ehlers Federalism and Decentralization S. 183-194

„… Federalism and Decentralization Dirk Ehlers Introduction Social systems tend to react to complexity …” „… . GG. 14 Art. 95 I GG. 15 Art. 105 II a, 106 II GG. Federalism and Decentralization 185 does not …” „… ff.); 108, 169 (182); 119, 331 (365). Federalism and Decentralization 187 to education, which is one …”

Henning Glaser Multiple Constitutionalizations – ‘Constitutionalism and Good Governance in European-Asian Perspectives’ S. 11-62

„… concerning efforts of decentralization and devolution of state power – be it with respect to provincial …” „… Regional Governance of Indonesia, the Decentralization Act (1999) and the Law on Administration of Communes …” „… ), combining issues of decentralization and democratization. See for Thailand Nelson, “Thailand,” 2001 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… Mellinghoff 7 Democracy and Majority Rule 163 Ingwer Ebsen Federalism and Decentralization 183 Dirk Ehlers …”

Boonsri Mewongukote Constitutionalism in Thailand: Problems and Perspectives S. 217-242

„… pursue the decentralization of power to localities (Sec. 78). • The state should encourage a free market …” „… the administrative activities of the local government and greater decentralization of powers to local …”

Jörg Menzel Constitutionalism as Development S. 81-104

„… in state organization (federalism, decentralization, local government etc.). However, despite a …”

Claudia Derichs Constitutional Rights in Multiethnic States – The Case of Malaysia S. 255-280

„… ). Indonesia implemented a decentralization scheme since 2001, but it differs from Malaysia in that it has …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845237558

Sebastian Eckardt - Accountability and Decentralized Service Delivery

No access

Select

Sebastian Eckardt

Accountability and Decentralized Service Delivery

2009

Results in this title

Democratic Decentralization S. 51-55

„… .115 Both conditions are rarely met in developing countries. 2.3. Democratic Decentralization Whereas …” „… political accountability in local governance systems and the relationship between decentralization and …” „… decentralization as “a natural and indispensable counterpart to democracy.”116Others have argued that …”

The fiscal impact of decentralization S. 149-164

„… expectancy and literacy rates are relatively high in Alor. 4.3. The fiscal impact of decentralization What …” „… was the fiscal impact of decentralization in the four case districts? What changes occurred with …” „… effects of the decentralization policy in the four case districts. The resulting fiscal conditions will be …”

Policy context: The dynamic of decentralization reforms S. 90-95

„… will outline the broader picture of decentralization in Indonesia. It will give information regarding …” „… the political dynamic that shaped decentralization policies. Moreover, it will review the fiscal …” „… , administrative and political decentralization framework that resulted from these reform efforts. Chapter 3 will …”

Introduction S. 19-21

„… Decentralization—the devolution of political authority, responsibilities, and public resources—to lower levels of …” „… between governance and public sector performance in the context a distinct form of decentralization, which …” „… has aptly been depicted as democratic decentralization. 3 These reforms substantially differ from pure …”

Theoretical Research Context S. 21-23

„… theory and practice of public policy.8 Decentralization—the devolution of political authority …” „… decentralization—more often than not—does not live up to the expected benefits? A number of recent studies suggest that …” „… Shah (2003) point out “Decentralization is common in many developing countries. Local governments are …”

Preference Heterogeneity and External Effects S. 43-48

„… decentralization—explicitly or implicitly—either require informational advantages and inter-jurisdictional 96 See (Oates 1999 …” „… chapters. Chapter 1 will review the existing theoretical and empirical literature on decentralization in …” „… hypotheses that will lead to the empirical part. 2. A Brief Review of the Literature on Decentralization and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… traditional patterns of corruption, inefficiencies and “successful failure”. The pace of decentralization must …” „… have indeed been quite impressive. Within just a few years decentralization transformed Indonesia …” „… the experiences in other developing countries, one would regard decentralization reforms at such speed …”

Empirical Research Context S. 23-25

„… is incomplete, decentralization may in fact create powerful incentives for local elites to capture …” „… those of the broader community. In this case decentralization implies a power shift from central to …” „… accountability as a countervailing power that decentralization is likely to be effective.”20This suggests that …”

Bibliography S. 227-238

„… decentralization-an elusive goal? Fiscal Decentralization in Developing Countries. R. Bird and F. Vaillancourt …” „… Expenditure Decentralization in Developing Countries." Government and Policy 4: 405-418. 228 Bardhan, P. and D …” „… Decentralization. Boston, MA., Institute for Economic Development, Boston University. Bardhan, P. and D. Mookherjee …”

Inter-jurisdictional Competition S. 48-51

„… inefficient ways despite the changes in their institutional environment imposed by decentralization policies …” „… out that much of the literature on decentralization assumes the existence of institutions that are …” „… performance. 2.2. Inter-jurisdictional Competition An equally influential argument is that decentralization …”

Revisiting the hypotheses S. 208-221

„… 208 Section IV: Conclusion 1. The merits and pitfalls of decentralization In September 2004, about …” „… four years after Indonesia’s big bang decentralization, the mayor of the district of Solok in West …” „… questions on the relationship between decentralization reforms, local politics and government performance …”

Discussion S. 58-61

„… approach towards decentralization to developing countries thus falls short in that it takes the political …” „… models incentives of local governments. Proponents of this approach assert that decentralization creates …” „… services at competitive tax prices. In creating exit options for capital and labour decentralization might …”

Local Government Capture S. 55-58

„… actors as determinants of decentralization outcomes is highly relevant to my research interest. In fact …” „… , it is impossible to learn the extent to which meaningful decentralization has taken place.”1432.4 …” „… are net benefits attached to decentralization. Contrary to these arguments, political economy …”

Overview S. 90

„… will outline the broader picture of decentralization in Indonesia. It will give information regarding …” „… the political dynamic that shaped decentralization policies. Moreover, it will review the fiscal …” „… , administrative and political decentralization framework that resulted from these reform efforts. Chapter 3 will …”

Policy Content: The Local Governance Framework S. 95-121

„… Accountability Relationships after DecentralizationSource: World Bank (2003). Let’s look at the institutional …” „… the legal and political framework that resulted from the decentralization laws in 1999 and subsequent …” „… legislation. Broadly speaking, the democratic decentralization reform that were initiated in Indonesia …”

Government Performance S. 164-176

„… than three years had passed since decentralization. While the passage of these three years allowed for …” „… great decree of continuity with pre-decentralization policies. Perhaps the most significant difference …” „… decentralization is the greater local flexibility in the opening of new schools. Before decentralization obtaining …”

Summary S. 121-123

„… reforms were first implemented in 2001. Decentralization exerts influence on a number of factors …” „… democratically elected mayors. At the same time, the most significant risks associated with decentralization were …” „… enhance the positive effects of decentralization in the Indonesian context. First and foremost, the …”

A stylized model of local governance S. 76-89

„… general argument can also be applied to decentralization and local governance reforms. Following Hellman’s …” „… model we need to look for the early winners of decentralization reforms and what incentives they face …” „… with regard to further local governance reforms. Who are the early winners in decentralization reforms …”

Variables and Indicators S. 124-134

„… differences in the satisfaction ratings) at the outset of decentralization and focuses on changes that …” „… occurred since decentralization. Figure 11 Perceived Changes in the Quality of Public Services (Percentage …” „… about changes in the quality of public services since decentralization? In sum, the descriptive …”

Overview S. 43

„… chapters. Chapter 1 will review the existing theoretical and empirical literature on decentralization in …” „… hypotheses that will lead to the empirical part. 2. A Brief Review of the Literature on Decentralization and …” „… Local Governance The ongoing academic debate focussing on the effects of decentralization and the …”

Research Methodology, Problems of Measurement, and Data Sources S. 34-40

„… in Indonesia. The period of examination spans the first four years after decentralization was fully …” „… than long-term effects of decentralization policy. As in many policy analyses, my attention and …” „… important effects of the decentralization policy that might take longer than four years to materialize will …”

Political Accountability S. 176-201

„… decentralization have stalled at the elite level. While political and administrative elites seemed to have realised …” „… perceive decentralization as an opportunity for the local government and the community to manage local …” „… inflated in the wake of decentralization. In fact, after such complaints surfaced in many districts across …”

The Empirical Model S. 123-124

„… performance and accountability of local government since decentralization and raise issues for further …” „… Hofmann (2004).284 Large parts of the data come from the Governance and Decentralization Survey (GDS) that …” „… decentralization in Indonesia. The survey used a multi-stage randomisation process to create the sample of …”

The Selected Districts in Context S. 147-149

„… relatively high in Alor. 4.3. The fiscal impact of decentralization What was the fiscal impact of …” „… decentralization in the four case districts? What changes occurred with regard to both the revenue and the …” „… performance. The following chapter will review the major fiscal effects of the decentralization policy in the …”

Dependent Variable – Defining Government Performance S. 25-28

„… 25My endeavour is supported by the fact that Indonesia’s decentralization policy is extraordinarily …” „… possible. From an academic point of view the process of decentralization in Indonesia thus provides a …” „… decentralization improves local government performance and public service delivery. 4. Research Design The …”

Explaining Performance: Case evidence and hypothesis S. 201-207

„… change in public policies since decentralization. It had strengthened the managerial and financial …” „… decentralization program. Soloks unambiguously high performance rating is a reflection of a unique configuration …” „… opportunities that were created by the decentralization policy. In contrast to Solok, health centres do not …”

Explaining Performance: Empirical Results and Hypotheses S. 134-142

„… improvements in public services since decentralization. Higher attendance rates in planning meetings correlate …” „… citizens perceived services to have improved since decentralization. This result might be attributed to an …” „… inter-jurisdictional redistribution of political and fiscal resources through decentralization that benefited less …”

Independent Variable – Defining Political Accountability S. 28-32

„… ), p. 12. 29democratic decentralization reforms. More generally, it also has become a key concept in …” „… sector reform and public service delivery.41 In the context of Indonesia’s decentralization policy, Hans …” „… significant decentralization on the revenue side, tax efforts and resource mobilisation of local governments …”

Key Hypotheses S. 33-34

„… decentralization was fully implemented across Indonesia from January 2001 to the end of 2004. I thus focus on …” „… initial responses rather than long-term effects of decentralization policy. As in many policy analyses, my …” „… that important effects of the decentralization policy that might take longer than four years to …”

Case selection and research strategy S. 142-147

„… accountability and public service improvement since decentralization, and how these factors might interrelate …” „… fiscal implications of decentralization laws in the four districts. It will evaluate the resulting fiscal …” „… decentralization, initiatives of the local government to improve service delivery, and the institutional setup and …”

Control Variables S. 32-33

„… can 53 (Törnquist 1998), p. 152. 54 In cases of significant decentralization on the revenue side, tax …” „… , however, represents a case of asymmetric decentralization of expenditure responsibilities, e.g. fiscal …”

Making local governments work – Some policy implications S. 221-226

„… an improved insight into why decentralization processes, in reality vastly more complex processes …” „… behavior of local governments. Decentralization will only enhance public sector performance if it leads to …”

Notes S. 17-18

„… 17Notesa) Spelling follows American English, e.g. decentralization instead of decentralisation, etc …”

List of Abbreviations/Glossary S. 15-16

„… GDP Gross Domestic Product GDS Governance and Decentralization Survey GOLKAR Golongan Karya (Political …”

Acknowledgements S. 13-14

„… . I have been an avid consumer of their work on decentralization in Indonesia and elsewhere. I also …”

Agency Theory S. 61-64

„… interrelationships of decentralization, political accountability, and the performance of local governments. The main …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845215334

Harald Eberhard, Konrad Lachmayer, Gerhard Thallinger - Transitional Constitutionalism

No access

Select

Harald Eberhard (ed.), Konrad Lachmayer (ed.), Gerhard Thallinger (ed.)

Transitional Constitutionalism

Series: Schriften zum Internationalen und Vergleichenden Öffentlichen Recht

Volume 1 2007

Results in this title

"Constitutional Engineering" and Decentralization S. 25-48

„… Markus Böckenförde "Constitutional Engineering" and Decentralization – Federal Structures as a …” „… the term "decentralization" and their relation to the federal concept. In addition, different types …” „… . Explanation of terms 1. Decentralization In the legal context, the term "decentralization" is applied in a …”

Chile's Unfinished Transition S. 49-60

„… Politics", in 16 Law and Critique 137 (2005). "Constitutional Engineering" and Decentralization 51 …” „… " and Decentralization 53 …” „… Decentralization 55 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… ........................ 9 Markus Böckenförde "Constitutional Engineering" and Decentralization – Federal Structures as …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748930501

Jonas Frank - Decentralization in Ecuador

No access

Select

Jonas Frank

Decentralization in Ecuador

2007

Results in this title

Partial Decentralization Equilibrium S. 263-266

„… competition, however, is in principle a driving force for decentralization.(iii) Third, the particular …” „… the form of more transfers and were able to block expenditure decentralization.This form of …” „… necessary for the introduction of effi ciency-enhancing decentralization.J_Frank_Layout.indd 266 …”

The “How” of Decentralization S. 104-108

„… logically consistent way demanded by a proper theory. 3.2. The “How” of DecentralizationHow is …” „… , sub-optimal arrangements may persist and constitute an integral part of decentralization.With this framework …” „… of “successful” decentralization.Yet in the framework developed here, actors can extract themselves …”

The “Why” of Decentralization S. 103-104

„… 1033. A New Look at Decentralization“Why” and “how” does decentralization occur? Historians …” „… decentralization. 3.1. The “Why” of DecentralizationIn this framework, I contend that one must look at the real …” „… logically consistent way demanded by a proper theory. 3.2. The “How” of DecentralizationHow is …”

The Congressional Decentralization Committee S. 224-227

„… , long-term effect of the PDM project; it has added to the ineffi ciencies in decentralization.These three …” „… decentralization created legitimate fears among provincial councils to only play a second role. The municipalismo …” „… isolate them from the benefi ts of decentralization; or conversely, as long as AME did not exploit this …”

The “Why” and the “How” of Decentralization S. 27-30

„… 27IntroductionThe “Why” and the “How” of DecentralizationWhy does decentralization occur? Why does …” „… , and to gaining an understanding of the process and sequence of decentralization.As will become clear …” „… a government pursue decentralization at particular moments and fail to do so at others? I call these …”

The “How” of Decentralization: Ineffi ciencies S. 272-279

„… . Collective contract schemes.Obstacle for decentralization.Obstacle for decentralization.J_Frank_Layout.indd …” „… strengthened (oil, state growth).Obstacle for decentralization.Obstacle for decentralization.MilitaryArbitrator …” „… transfers.Municipal strengthening.Veto-player: winner of decentralization.AMECreated 1941.Strengthened as corporate …”

Actors, Incentives and the Sequencing of Decentralization S. 99-103

„… and the Sequencing of DecentralizationThe benefi ts and costs of decentralization are not synchronized …” „… decentralization:“Winners and losers are most clearly identifi ed in the very short term, while considerable uncertainties …” „… following section, I will discuss the relevance of these tactics in decentralization.Expropriation …”

The “Why” of Decentralization: Actors and Incentives S. 269-272

„… 2697. The Path and Sequence of DecentralizationDuring the eighteen decades between 1830 and 2003, a …” „… to explaining the “why” and “how” of decentralization.Firstly, the pressure for decentralization …” „… fi scal decentralization.One of the most interesting aspects is the dominant role played by Congress …”

Actors, Interests, and Decentralization Outcomes 1979-1987 S. 172-184

„… in terms of decentralization? 3.2. Actors, Interests, and Decentralization Outcomes 1979-1987The …” „… localized and discretionary politics. But, surprisingly, decentralization policies differ signifi cantly …” „… leaders, actors remained in equilibrium with regard to decentralization outcomes.Table 7: Actors and …”

Actors, Institutions, and Incentives for Decentralization: Experiencing Real-Life Games S. 31-33

„… points and a favorable sequence of decentralization, none of which can be taken for granted in an …” „… environment of competing incentives. Decentralization implies not only traveling a road with “critical …” „… “why” and “how” decentralization is taking place, it will offer important lessons learned for all …”

B: Decentralization in Ecuador: Actors, Institutions, and Incentives S. 109

„… 109Section B:Decentralization in Ecuador: Actors, Institutions, and IncentivesJ_Frank_Layout.indd …”

The Partial Decentralization Equilibrium (1997-2003): New Incentives for the Winners? S. 288-290

„… 2882.5. The Partial Decentralization Equilibrium (1997-2003): New Incentives for the Winners?The …” „… incentives that maintain stakeholders in a partial decentralization equilibrium (1998-2003) are particularly …” „… expenditures attached.In order to complete decentralization on the expenditure side, it is necessary to deal …”

Collective- Choice Level S. 76-99

„… Rules for DecentralizationEx-ante rules(entry rules)Operational rules(during) decentralization)Ex -post …” „… relevance for decentralization.J_Frank_Layout.indd 76J_Frank_Layout.indd 7 27.06.2007 …” „… equilibrium of centralization, or achieve the move towards decentralization.ENTRY/EXIT RULES:Assumption 1 …”

Summary S. 19-26

„… institutions actors use to make collective choices in support of decentralization.(i) Entry and exit rules …” „… 19SummaryThis book offers a political interpretation to understand why decentralization occurs and …” „… been offered for the study of decentralization; and it presents an alternative explanatory framework …”

Determinism S. 59-63

„… of DecentralizationPolitical Dec.Fiscal Dec.Administrative Dec.Type 1: Venezuela, Peru, EcuadorType 3 …” „… 59It is even more diffi cult to trace decentralization, the dynamic development of the state, back …” „… change can take place as fast as decentralization may occur. It is hard to believe, for example, that in …”

Crisis Theories S. 44-51

„… 441.2. Crisis TheoriesDecentralization as a response to political and economic crisis Crisis …” „… decentralization. According to these theories, Latin American decentralization was a response to a political and …” „… reintroduced, society demanded that democratic government also expanded to local levels. Decentralization has …”

The Explanatory Framework and its Principal Elements S. 65-72

„… decentralization.”POSITION RULES:Assumption 2: “Decentralization becomes more likely when proponents have agenda-setting …” „… that provide opportunities to enact and implement decentralization.I borrow from sociological …” „… 652. The Explanatory Framework: Actors, Institutions and IncentivesWhy does decentralization occur …”

Social and Cultural Theories S. 55-59

„… due to diversity in society.Structure of Society and DecentralizationA widely acclaimed argument is …” „… Diversity and DecentralizationThe other strand of the social theories claims that decentralization is the …” „… 55future. National legislatures, for example, are not considered at all. Decentralization …”

Individual Actor-Level S. 72-76

„… decentralization?Regional governors. The incentives available to regional governors are different depending on whether they …” „… the institutions of collective choice and their relevance for decentralization.J_Frank_Layout.indd …” „… (2.2.2.). In a third step I will discuss the impact these incentives have had on the decentralization …”

The New Role for Guayas Province S. 213-222

„… the incentives for exactly the same actors who also had a potential interest in decentralization.In …” „… other provinces from the benefi ts of decentralization.The veto-powers of Guayaquil leaders were …” „… instance. Their goals to benefi t over-proportionately from decentralization meant that leaders in …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… Jonas FrankDecentralization in EcuadorActors, Institutions, and IncentivesNomos1. Auflage 2007 …” „… course of writing my dissertation. He encouraged me to explore the unknown paths of decentralization. I …” „… into the unknown world of decentralization in Ecuador.I am particularly grateful to the protagonists of …”

Stakeholders in Central Government S. 227-231

„… , the Andean Finance Corporation (CAF) also prepared a loan for decentralization.J_Frank_Layout.indd …” „… ciency-enhancing decentralization.It became clear after 1992 that the gap between revenue and transfers was …” „… cost associated with decentralization.Table 13: Spending and Own Revenue per Level of Government (in …”

The Sub-game and Equilibrium among Municipalities and Provincial Councils S. 237-248

„… 2003: DecentralizationCommission with municipal and provincial government representatives.April 2001 …” „… of “15% Law”.Represent winners of partial decentralization.Veto-power vis-à-vis provincial …” „… and sole authority.Represent winners of partial decentralization.Represented in National …”

Conclusion S. 63-65

„… explain the thrust behind decentralization.Thirdly, actors have been almost systematically denied and …” „… decision-making autonomy; or that they have options “to exit” the decentralization process.Secondly, as in the …” „… crisis theories, determinism regards both centralization and decentralization as antitheses and …”

Public Choice S. 39-44

„… which they compete with parties as traditional stakeholders in decentralization.A fourth criticism is …” „… J_Frank_Layout.indd 3 27.06.2007 18:02:1927.06.2007 18:02:1401. The “Why” of Decentralization: Five Schools of …” „… Thought Why does decentralization occur? Since decentralization as policy reform has appeared throughout …”

Conclusion S. 266-269

„… transfers and were able to block expenditure decentralization.This form of decentralization has created a …” „… ciency-enhancing decentralization.J_Frank_Layout.indd 266J_Frank_Layout.indd 26 27.06.2007 18:02:3827.06.2007 …” „… 18:02:32697. The Path and Sequence of DecentralizationDuring the eighteen decades between 1830 and 2003, a …”

Actors, Interests, and the Collective Choice Arena S. 209-213

„… of a stalled attempt at decentralization.Actors formed equilibrium in their inability to fi nd a new …” „… leaders to implement asymmetric decentralization.The following sections elaborate further on the …” „… that he opposed the Decentralization Law that was due for a second debate in Congress. He asked Peña to …”

Entry and Exit Rules S. 280-283

„… decentralization.Ecuador did not follow these rules. Time after time, resources were transferred to sub-national …” „… may prove decisive in achieving effi ciency-enhancing decentralization.In accordance with my arguments …” „… incentives conducive to decentralization.Arguably, some external actors will still need to overcome formal …”

Conclusion S. 233-237

„… achieving decentralization.J_Frank_Layout.indd 235J_Frank_Layout.indd 23 27.06.2007 18:02:3527.06.2007 …” „… municipalities. This was a milestone for the indigenous movement with regard to decentralization. Indigenous …” „… own cautious and hesitant approach to decentralization, and because other groups in the arena blocked …”

Conclusion S. 206-209

„… move towards expenditure decentralization.Borja also faced potential opposition at local levels. Here …” „… decentralization.Actors formed equilibrium in their inability to fi nd a new, stable arrangement in which each other’s …” „… decentralization.The following sections elaborate further on the incentives stakeholders faced between 1993 and 1997 …”

Conclusion S. 184-187

„… . All this limited the prospects for decentralization.Likewise, the fact that the three presidents in …” „… expenditure decentralization.J_Frank_Layout.indd 186J_Frank_Layout.indd 18 27.06.2007 18:02:3227.06.2007 …” „… , Peru, Argentina, and Brazil, democratization has often led to sweeping decentralization to regional or …”

Indigenous People S. 231-233

„… actors were not willing to bear the cost associated with decentralization.Table 13: Spending and Own …” „… decentralization since the military period. Strong pressure “from below,” combined with the role played by Guayas …” „… reforms that were introduced. The decentralization process, though still ephemeral, signaled to all actors …”

Globalization and Localization S. 51-55

„… in society.Structure of Society and DecentralizationA widely acclaimed argument is that hierarchical …” „… of decentralization; (iii) the international private sector exerts pressure on the state to implement …” „… policies. Taken together, these four incentives shape public sector reform in which decentralization takes …”

Sub-game and Equilibrium between Sub-national and Central Government S. 248-263

„… political constraints explain the current equilibrium of partial decentralization.At local levels. Transfer …” „… decentralization. The sudden shift in emphasis towards the intermediate level of government created fears among …” „… “autonomous” status. While many protested against a lack of decentralization, I contend that the principal …”

Introduction S. 27

„… 27IntroductionThe “Why” and the “How” of DecentralizationWhy does decentralization occur? Why does …” „… a government pursue decentralization at particular moments and fail to do so at others? I call these …” „… questions the “why” of decentralization. The trend towards more decentralization – the strengthening of …”

Defi nitions and Scope of Analysis S. 34

„… 34Defi nitions and Scope of AnalysisOne of the inherent risks in the study of decentralization is …” „… , administrative and fi scal components is it possible to capture the underlying dynamics of decentralization …” „… . Political decentralization entails the transfer of authority to local levels; administrative …”

Emergence of a Decentralized State: 1830-1924 S. 110-125

„… decentralization. I believe that there are at least fi ve reasons why this country is representative of a larger …” „… “how” of decentralization. First, Ecuador is representative of countries where fi scal capacities are …” „… actor analysis.Second, Ecuador is representative of countries where decentralization is heavily focused …”

Bargaining: New Incentives for the Veto-Players? S. 294-296

„… agreements and consensus as the only way of carrying out decentralization.Secondly, demanding bargains drives …” „… 294horizontal competition intensifi es, the trend for asymmetric decentralization is also likely to …” „… most other countries, the decision rule of unanimity plays a central role in decentralization. In a fl …”

Bibliography S. 303-327

„… Fiscal Decentralization, Atlanta: Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University …” „… , www.worldbank.org/decentralization.Banco Central, del Ecuador. 1996. Pensamiento Fiscal Ecuatoriano, 1830-1930, Biblioteca Básica del …” „… decentralization,” in Local government and market decentralization: Experiences in industrialized, developing, and …”

Sub-game between Municipalities and Provincial Councils S. 222-224

„… ; it has added to the ineffi ciencies in decentralization.These three reasons explain why the principal …” „… guard technical coherence in the elaboration of the draft law.The failure of this decentralization law …” „… leaders had suffi cient political power to obstruct other region’s efforts at decentralization; but they …”

The Return to the Previous Regional Equilibrium: 1948-1963 S. 127-135

„… ,57 and today provide a serious obstacle to decentralization.Establishing autonomous agencies was also …” „… regions. To advance decentralization, presidents, technocrats, legislators and local politicians needed to …” „… the decentralization process.The role of the Guayas province in the decentralization process. The …”

“Pugna de Poderes:” Games Played between Presidents and Legislators S. 287-288

„… impact on decentralization: as both branches try to circumvent each other, deals are often struck outside …” „… spending power. Decentralization is often intended to strengthen the Executive as has been best exemplifi …” „… successful in asserting their claims and there is a sustained trend towards fi scal decentralization detached …”

Non-Cooperation and Unilateral Decisions: Threats to Secession? S. 293-294

„… enactment of decentralization also suffered from particular incentive problems. I will focus on all four …” „… as leading voice for decentralization is accepted because smaller provinces can free-ride on the …” „… decentralization is also likely to increase. This may put additional stress on the unitary state, leading to …”

Reform Attempts S. 192-206

„… decentralization?Unintendedly, international friends provided help. When the ID reform coalition enacted the new FODESEC …” „… least one can claim that there was no signifi cant move towards decentralization.J_Frank_Layout.indd …” „… AME.17 Refer to Table B.4.6 for the list on decentralization laws and to fi le [CE-004-90-91] in …”

Highly Asymmetric Fiscal Capacity across Regions S. 283-285

„… redistribution and effi ciency-enhancing decentralization.Increased economic integration may further exacerbate …” „… process of integration that Ecuador has experienced since the 1990s.1 The fact that decentralization has …” „… decentralization, however, external actors have to overcome fi ve particular incentive problems that have led to …”

Structure S. 36-38

„… the winners, and not the losers, provide obstacles for the completion of decentralization.In each case …” „… semistructured interviews with different decentralization actors in Ecuador. This provided rich fi rst-hand …” „… decentralization commissions, offi cials of the Ministry of Economy and Finance as well as mayors and prefects in …”

Institutions in a Newly Democratizing Unitary State S. 161-172

„… found such situations an opportunity to pursue decentralization. Structural adjustments were reforms …” „… decentralization, Hurtado could have “pushed the defi cit down” to local levels and eased the fi scal stress for …” „… lower bus fares and gasoline prices. But decentralization was no solution to the problems of the …”

Volatility and Short-term Incentives S. 297-299

„… implementation of decentralization—between elected politicians who served for a short period of time and the …” „… that are aimed at the implementation of decentralization.5.2. Volatility and Short-term …” „… IncentivesUnlike other reforms, (for example, dollarization introduced in 2000) decentralization is not …”

Conclusion S. 157-161

„… arena, they were able to prohibit proponents of decentralization from participating in collective …” „… implied sustained fi scal decentralization. Military rule was consolidated by the selective and …” „… decentralization? Intergovernmental arrangements suffered from the following ineffi ciencies:• The principle of …”

Assessment and Outlook S. 300-302

„… because decentralization actors are subject to an “accountability failure” as argued above. Enforcing …” „… decentralization is both troubling and puzzling. Their involvement will increase the depth and scope of the …” „… decentralization process. More bargainers, more demanders, and also more veto-players will add complexity and …”

Conclusion S. 135-137

„… accommodation.Congress emerged as the central arena where decentralization policies were debated and enacted. There was a …” „… assumption of the explanatory framework regarding the majority decision rule: in Ecuador decentralization …” „… decentralization that developed.Agricultural exporters and bankers from Guayaquil were the net provider of funds …”

Veto-Players and Implementation S. 296-297

„… Congress in the decentralization process. With a few exceptions, all legislators responded to local …” „… decentralization commissions as they appeared after 1999, or by supranational legislatures such as the Parlamento …” „… enactment of decentralization has little effect unless it is also implemented. Only rarely, however, have …”

Ideological Deadlock: the Symbol of “Autonomía” S. 290-291

„… convinced, nor fully informed, about the benefi ts and costs of decentralization. Donors could provide more …” „… information not only about decentralization itself, but also concerning the ineffi cient use of public funds …” „… them separately.3.1. Ideological Deadlock: the Symbol of “Autonomía”The process of decentralization has …”

Distributional Coalition: Games Played between Mayors, Prefects and Legislators S. 286-287

„… well as the local level: (i) upwards through a decentralization of powers to the Comunidad Andina de …” „… Naciones (CAN) and the Parlamento Andino, and (ii) downwards through a decentralization to provinces and …” „… date. This has had its impact on decentralization: as both branches try to circumvent each other, deals …”

Weak Enforcement of Sanctions S. 300

„… because decentralization actors are subject to an “accountability failure” as argued above. Enforcing …” „… decentralization is both troubling and puzzling. Their involvement will increase the depth and scope of the …” „… decentralization process. More bargainers, more demanders, and also more veto-players will add complexity and …”

Research Methods S. 35

„… decentralization may take. For the focus of my research, it would not make sense to consider all of these possible …” „… options for structuring the relationship of the state and its citizens. I will discuss decentralization in …” „… recognize this as a relevant form of decentralization. (Rondinelli 1981; Rondinelli 1983; Rondinelli 1989 …”

Figures and Tables S. 13-16

„… ................................................................. VIITable B.1.4: Emergence of Political Decentralization: Delegated and Elected Authorities on Sub-national …” „… .............................................................................................. XXVIITable B.3.3: Decentralization Laws adopted in Congress, 1979-1982 ........................ XXVIITable B …” „… B.4.6: Decentralization Laws and Bargaining Attempts in Congress, 1989-1992 …”

Blurred Position Rules across Levels of Government S. 285-286

„… redistribution and decentralization. 2.2. Blurred Position Rules across Levels of GovernmentStakeholders at local …” „… for decentralization, because the process of revising, identifying, and defi ning responsibilities …” „… can benefi t from weak accountability. Implementing decentralization that aims at clearly delineating …”

Weak Budget Constraints and Fiscal Responsibility S. 299-300

„… inability to enforce sanctions for noncompliance. This is largely because decentralization actors are …” „… . Assessment and OutlookThe future role of external actors in decentralization is both troubling and puzzling …” „… . Their involvement will increase the depth and scope of the decentralization process. More bargainers …”

The Reform Coalition and the Collective Choice Arena S. 187-192

„… president was the most optimal to deal with regionally sensitive issues such as decentralization.This …” „… decentralization with such directness would have been an offense to heads of state who depended on the centralist …” „… be part of state modernization or decentralization; that sub-national government reform should not …”

Majority Decisions S. 296

„… Congress in the decentralization process. With a few exceptions, all legislators responded to local …” „… decentralization commissions as they appeared after 1999, or by supranational legislatures such as the Parlamento …” „… enactment of decentralization has little effect unless it is also implemented. Only rarely, however, have …”

Hierarchical Decisions S. 296

„… Congress in the decentralization process. With a few exceptions, all legislators responded to local …” „… decentralization commissions as they appeared after 1999, or by supranational legislatures such as the Parlamento …” „… enactment of decentralization has little effect unless it is also implemented. Only rarely, however, have …”

Consolidation of the Arena of Hierarchy: 1972-1978 S. 142-157

„… , though they rearranged briefl y, remained in equilibrium with regard to decentralization. Whether the …” „… , repeated in many books on decentralization, that because there was so much oil available, the military made …” „… . This was because, in principle, decentralization and privatization were appealing to the military …”

Withholding of Information S. 291-292

„… and verifi able decentralization proposal. This has undermined fl uid communication with other …” „… generate and disseminate information about the real fi scal and administrative impact of decentralization …” „… to decentralization and not negative per se, can then have a practical meaning. By using their …”

Distrust between Actors and the “Tragedy of the Commons:” Excessive Earmarking S. 292-293

„… enactment of decentralization also suffered from particular incentive problems. I will focus on all four …” „… as leading voice for decentralization is accepted because smaller provinces can free-ride on the …”

Non-cooperative Equilibrium: 1925-1948 S. 125-127

„… later, in particular during the 1990’s, be an important player in the decentralization process. Forming …” „… veto-power vis-à-vis the central government and other regions. To advance decentralization, presidents …”

Threat to the Equilibrium: Return to Democratic Rule 1967-1972 S. 141-142

„… equilibrium with regard to decentralization. Whether the later presidents elected in the 1980s – Roldós …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845203904

Ulrich Thießen - The Impact of Fiscal Policy on Economic Growth

No access

Select

Ulrich Thießen

The Impact of Fiscal Policy on Economic Growth

2007

Results in this title

Indicators of Fiscal Decentralization S. 32-40

„… 3. Indicators of Fiscal Decentralization It is weIl recognized that fiscal decentralization has …” „… expenditures is the best known indicator of fiscal decentralization, denoted A in Table 1.1, column 4. It is …” „… , to test for the hypothesis of a nonlinear, hump-shaped relationship between fiscal decentralization …”

Fiscal decentralization and economic growth S. 26-30

„… compared. For unitary countries he finds a positive impact of fiscal decentralization on per capita …” „… analyses on China, one of which finds that the fiscal decentralization efforts since the 1980s did not …” „… highly insignificant effect of fiscal decentralization on economic growth. They argued that the degree of …”

Indicators of Fiscal Decentralization S. 58-60

„… decentralization to contribute to better resource allocation and sustained economic growth, the central government …” „… of fiscal decentralization towards a medium level may be growth promoting. Appendix: Definitions 0 …” „… / variables and data sources A.l Indicators 0/ Fiscal Decentralization Indicators A (the share of subnational …”

Brief review of the empiricalliterature on fiscal decentralization S. 25-26

„… decentralization other than the commonly used share of expenditures of lower government levels in total government …” „… expenditures are tested; secondly, the possibility of a nonlinear relationship between fiscal decentralization …” „… decentralization might affect growth: total investment and total factor productivity (TFP). In addition, this study …”

Introduction S. 24-25

„… Chapter 1 Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth: Tentative Implications for Ukraine derived …” „… degree of fiscal decentralization has converged over the last 30 years towards an intermediate level. The …” „… theoretical arguments for and against fiscal decentralization point to explanations for this tendency, because …”

Concluding remarks and tentative implications for Ukraine S. 54-58

„… evidence points to dis advantages of relatively high fiscal decentralization for TFPG. One admittedly …” „… degree of fiscal decentralization have tended to raise it and countries with a formerly high degree of FD …” „… arguments for and against fiscal decentralization suggest that promoting economic growth through FD may have …”

References S. 62-64

„… . 62 Davoodi, H. and H. Zou (1998), »Fiscal Decentralization and Economic growth: A Cross-Country Study …” „… ,« Journal of Urban Economics 43, pp. 244-257. Ehdaie, J. (1994), »Fiscal Decentralization and the Size of …” „… (2000), International Symposium on Decentralization and Economic Development in Asian Countries 41 (2 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-14

„… Contents Chapter 0 Introduction 15 Chapter 1 Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth: Tentative …” „… References 22 Chapter 1 Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth: Tentative Implications for Ukraine …” „… empiricalliterature on fiscal decentralization 25 111. Fiscal decentralization and economic growth 26 IV. Empirical …”

Analytical Background S. 30-31

„… clusion would be that on a macroeconomic level a medium degree of decentralization promotes growth …” „… decentralization test exclusively for a linear relationship. IV. Empirical analysis: Analytical background, data …” „… , and indicators offiscal decentralization I. Analytical Background Theoretical endogenous growth models …”

Conclusions S. 175

„… several years. Key findings are summarized below: Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth Over the …” „… last 30 years, countries with a formerly low degree of fiscal decentralization have tended to raise it …” „… growth-promoting effect, since the theoretical arguments for and against fiscal decentralization suggest that …”

Fiscal Dezentralization and Economic Growth S. 175

„… several years. Key findings are summarized below: Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth Over the …” „… last 30 years, countries with a formerly low degree of fiscal decentralization have tended to raise it …” „… growth-promoting effect, since the theoretical arguments for and against fiscal decentralization suggest that …”

Results S. 43-48

„… decentralization in the estimated equation, the explained portion almost always rises considerably and the measured …” „… effect of population growth increases. With regard to fiscal decentralization, it is found that …” „… capital accumulation und indicators of tiscal decentralization Indicators of fiscal decentralization …”

Country Sample S. 31-32

„… time series used to calculate the fiscal decentralization indicators. 15 Since fiscal decentralization …” „… from the authorities. 31 3. Indicators of Fiscal Decentralization It is weIl recognized that fiscal …” „… decentralization has many dimensions and thus may differ from country to country. Therefore several indicators …”

Data S. 60-62

„… assumed that the relatively high degree of fiscal decentralization (AR), which prevailed in the second …” „… offiscal decentralization according to indicator A') that attains the value 1 for years during which …” „… indicator A is above 45 per cent. AL: Dummy variable ('low degree of fiscal decentralization according to …”

Structure of the Book S. 19-22

„… of power, such as recently adopted by Russia, or whether it should opt for more decentralization …” „… theoretical reasoning in favor of an 'optimal' degree of fiscal decentralization, which may lie in a medium …” „… range of indicator values of fiscal decentralization. But for fiscal decentralization to contribute to …”

Results S. 52-54

„… annual total factor ????????? growth duri!:!!l1973-1998 1 ??- I ndicators of fiscal decentralization …” „… period considered and a medium degree of fiscal decentralization. Notes: OlS rnethod is used …” „… evidence points to dis advantages of relatively high fiscal decentralization for TFPG. One admittedly …”

Total Factor Productivity Growth S. 60

„… assumed that the relatively high degree of fiscal decentralization (AR), which prevailed in the second …” „… offiscal decentralization according to indicator A') that attains the value 1 for years during which …” „… indicator A is above 45 per cent. AL: Dummy variable ('low degree of fiscal decentralization according to …”

Specification S. 40-43

„… fiscal decentralization. Since this relationship is, however, expected to be nonlinear and hump-shaped …” „… run of the fiscal decentralization indicators A and B, respectively, on the explanatory variables In …” „… then used in a regression of GYP on the respective estimated fiscal decentralization indicator values …”

Fiscal Policies and Shadow Economy S. 176

„… findings be used in an evaluation ofUkraine's particular case? Ukraine's degree offiscal decentralization …” „… find that for fiscal decentralization to contribute to better resource allocation and sustained …” „… continuation of the trend increase of fiscal decentralization towards a medium level may indeed be growth …”

References S. 112-113

„… . 631-649. Bird, R., and C. Wallich (1993), »Fiscal Decentralization and Intergovernmental Relations in …” „… . Freund, and C. Wallich (1994), »Decentralization of Intergovernmental Finance in Transition Countries …” „… Decentralization in Ukraine,« in: Szyrmer, J. M., and K. M. Sultan (eds.), »Ukraine Through Transition.« Kiev, pp …”

Specification S. 48-49

„… As already noted, two channels by which fiscal decentralization may influence economic growth were …” „… (robustness of investment equations). All measures of fiscal decentralization are used, including the splines …”

Results S. 49-51

„… Indicators of fiscal decentralization - I\iJmber cf Equation Constant YlO FßlGDP SDDC GCoIGOP B AL AM AH R …” „… countries with a medium degree of fiscal decentralization, Norway and Ireland. The dummy was, however, not …”

Appendix: Determinants of transfers S. 110-112

„… . 631-649. Bird, R., and C. Wallich (1993), »Fiscal Decentralization and Intergovernmental Relations in …” „… . Freund, and C. Wallich (1994), »Decentralization of Intergovernmental Finance in Transition Countries …”

Specification S. 51-52

„… decentralization, Norway and Ireland. The dummy was, however, not statistically significant. 51 1. Specijication …”

The Issue: How to Conduct Successful Reforms for Economic Growth in a Country With Strong Adverse 'Initial Conditions'? Using Ukraine as an Example S. 15-19

„… , or whether it should opt for more decentralization. Ukraine's pre-transition past was centralized …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845201214

1

2 3 ... 243