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Thomas Burri - The Greatest Possible Freedom

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Thomas Burri

The Greatest Possible Freedom

2015

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III Coordination S. 554-555

„… seemingly innocent broad notion. Coordination In contrast to the frequent, manifold, and relatively complex …” „… occurrences of broad and restrictive interpretation, interpretation on the basis of ‘mere coordination’ is …” „… national law within the free movement of persons and services, ‘mere coordination’ is employed as an …”

II ‘Coordinated’ S. 489-524

„… coordination’-passage in Keller, 1971 and Mancuso, 1973 had served to explain why a cumulation of benefits in favour of …” „… into practice by Keller, 1971 by means of the ‘simple coordination’-passage. The case concerned the …” „… coordination’-passage functioned as an ex post justification underpinning the Court's conclusion. We conclude that only …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-16

„… justifying advantages: 491 – The complexity of coordination: 491 – The shift of Regulation 1408/71: 492 …” „… ’ ...............2 494 Occurrence of ‘coordinated’ – ‘simple coordination’ under Regulation 1408/71 …” „… ..................................................... a) 494 Coordination to the disadvantage of migrant workers: 495 – ‘Separate claims’: 495 – Inversing …”

II Breadth S. 553-554

„… the Court sorts a seemingly innocent broad notion. Coordination In contrast to the frequent, manifold …” „… basis of ‘mere coordination’ is quite straightforward. Again, the details of the formula and its ‘spin …” „… coordination’ is employed as an interpretive formula, as an argument with a certain impact in decisions, only …”

IV A text-based approach S. 21-22

„… important beyond the law of the Union; the formula of coordination, which comes next, illuminates a possibly …” „… IV A text-based approach 21 gagement with formulas of coordination sheds light on the structural …” „… Country Nationals (Bruxelles: La Charte, 1998). 5 Vicki Paskalia, ‘Co-ordination of Social Security in the …”

III Why is the first part on ‘the case-law’ necessary? Why not cover more interpretive formulas? S. 20-21

„… . Coordination of legal systems is – at least in this terminology and as far as can be judged – unique to the law …” „… potentially important beyond the law of the Union; the formula of coordination, which comes next, illuminates …”

V Why is this book useful and novel? S. 22-25

„… gagement with formulas of coordination sheds light on the structural nature of the Court’s case-law …” „… (Bruxelles: La Charte, 1998). 5 Vicki Paskalia, ‘Co-ordination of Social Security in the European Union: An …” „… contain a section on the coordination of social security, although the Court by the time the book was …”

II The structure of the book S. 19-20

„… specific for the law of the Union and the case-law of the Court. Coordination of legal systems is – at …”

I Free movement of persons and services: 1400 decisions S. 17-19

„… freedom of establishment, the coordination of social security, the recognition of diplomas, and the …”

I Spin and emptiness S. 551-553

„… of ‘coordination’, or an interpretation relying on concepts that are fundamental. Further evidence …”

F Bibliography S. 601-605

„… , ‘Co-ordination of Social Security in the European Union: An Overview of Recent Case Law’, (2009) 46 Common Market …”

I ‘Broad’ S. 417-489

„… on the ideas of coordination and on a notion being fundamental.26 The chapters on ‘broad’ and …” „… restrictively in article 48(3) (para. 4). In the coordination of social security, in contrast, the narrow …” „… coordination of social security. Conversely, the third branch involving the greatest possible freedom, with all …”

IV Fundamentality S. 555-601

„… shows no sign of such a spectacular turn. What is furthermore interesting with ‘mere coordination …” „… ‘mere coordination’ in certain decisions was quite clear, but the Court in the mid-1980s detached it …” „… was applied. Apart from that it is worth noting that this abstraction of ‘mere coordination’ occurred …”

III ‘Fundamental’ S. 524-551

„… , para. 8: the ‘fundamental principle that the rules of coordination must guarantee to migrant workers …” „… aggregation of periods as one of the ‘basic principles’ of social security coordination in Moscato, 1995, para …”

V The 2000s S. 188-337

„… citizens contributed more than 150 judgments. The coordination of social security remained rather stable …”

VI The 2010s S. 337-417

IV The 1990s S. 98-188

doi.org/10.5771/9783845265490

Burkhard Hess, Paul Oberhammer, Thomas Pfeiffer - European Insolvency Law

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Burkhard Hess (ed.), Paul Oberhammer (ed.), Thomas Pfeiffer (ed.)

European Insolvency Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2014

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Coordination of Proceedings S. 219-252

„… 11:41:56 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 7. Coordination of Proceedings 7.1 General 857In the …” „… first place, many lawyers automatically associate “coordination” with the rules on the coordination …” „… between main and secondary proceedings, i. e. Art 31 et seq EIR. Coordination, however, is a much broader …”

Index S. 273-284

„… of 43, 282 – coordination with Art 1 EIR 43 – definition of insolvency 38, 110, 118, 275–276, 281–282 …” „… – territorial proceedings 438 – third states – recognition, coordination 231 Avoidance – actions 526–528 …” „… – recognition, coordination 232–233 Bona fide purchaser 680 Brussels Convention of 1968 54, 481 Brussels I …”

Groups of Companies S. 153-167

„… issues was heavily criticised by a number of authors.3 As a matter of fact, the coordination of group …” „… organisational framework of company law provides for the coordination of the group by ensuring the dominant …” „… the coordination of different insolvencies is always a difficult task. Therefore, the group of …”

The Recognition of Decisions on Insolvency Proceedings under the European Insolvency Regulation S. 264-272

„… proceedings is an important tool for the coordination of insolvency proceedings under the Regulation.2 …” „… insolvency proceedings6, the recognition of the opening of main proceedings as a tool for the coordination of …” „… for the coordination of liquidation and recovery efforts8 and the aspect of improving information on …”

Executive Summary S. 7-23

„… as a successful instrument for the coordination of the insolvency proceedings of the EU-Member States …” „… Recognition of Insolvency Proceedings Opened outside the EU or the Coordination between Proceedings inside and …” „… insolvency proceedings opened outside the EU or regarding the coordination between proceedings inside and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXXII

„… .................................................................................................................... 17 2.8 Coordination of Proceedings …” „… ........................................................................................................................ 153 5.2 Ways to Improve Coordination …” „… 08:34:32 3B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 7 Coordination of Proceedings …”

Scope of the Regulation S. 24-68

„… instrument for the coordination of national procedures, the EIR is only one of several EU instruments aimed …” „… respect to the jurisdictional rules and the rules on the recognition and coordination of main and …” „… outside the EU or the Coordination between Proceedings inside and outside the EU 127Most of the national …”

Annex – Systematic Summary of National Reports S. 285-724

„… outside the EU or the coordination between proceedings inside and outside the EU? & Yes. If so, should the …” „… solely carries out services? 2. Coordination of Main and Secondary Proceedings Q32 Has it proven …” „… beneficial in your experience for the efficient and proper coordination of actions relating to a debtor’s …”

Introduction S. 1-6

„… coordination of insolvency proceedings and the insolvency of groups of companies. Dr Christian Koller and …”

Annex – Systematic Compilation of Case-Law S. 725-1034

„… ..................................................................................... 948 5.2 Coordination of Proceedings …” „… ..................................................................................... 973 6 Coordination of Proceedings …” „… ................................................................................................... 978 6.1 Coordination of (two or more) Main Proceedings …”

Applicable Law S. 168-218

Jurisdiction S. 69-152

„… cross-border insolvency, which is characterized by coordination, not by harmonization of the national systems …” „… . Accordingly, the coordination of the national systems requires closer cooperation than the one …” „… – insufficiently – provided for in Articles 27 et seqq. EIR. In addition, the coordination of the national systems …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845258959

Nina Gillmann - Interagency Coordination During Disaster

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Nina Gillmann

Interagency Coordination During Disaster

Series: The United Nations and Global Change

Volume 4 2010

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UN Coordination Revisited S. 172-175

„… coordination.UN Coordination RevisitedAs already mentioned in Chapter 3, in early 2005 then Emergency Relief …” „… approach to coordination.Chapter 3 demonstrated that the HRA has spurred some encouraging developments with …” „… CoordinationAs shown in the review of evaluations of past crises in Chapter 2, the humanitarianrelief system …”

Donor Preferences and Coordination S. 320-321

„… appear to complete the quest for theory-based navigational aid to coordination.Donor Preferences and …” „… CoordinationWhile the argument that all responsibility for coordination or lack thereof rests withdonors was …” „… identification of the optimal levers for improving coordination.Second, it would be interesting to see how donor …”

Preferred vs. Actual Coordination Types S. 276-286

„… Khartoum over time with regard to intersectoral coordination.State-Level Intersectoral CoordinationPerhaps …” „… CoordinationIn the previous analysis of the relevant contextual dimensions, the network concerned with …” „… catalysts of coordination?NGONGOHC/RCUNLNGOCapacitySource: Own illustrationHow does the theoretical optimum …”

The Relevant Context of Coordination S. 179-189

„… CoordinationAs argued above, coordination needs to take into account the relevant context ofhumanitarian aid. To …” „… normative link between thecontextual outcome of a network and a preferred type of coordination.Network …” „… coordination:Proposition 3: At the system level, network formation and the coordination acrossdifferent actors requires a …”

The Role of Donors in Coordination S. 316

„… The Role of Donors in CoordinationAnother criticism that can be raised against this dissertation is …” „… multiple donors prescribe different and irreconcilable ways of coordination.Research Method and ScopeA …” „… argument that donors are the main culprits for insufficient coordination goesas follows: Because donors …”

A New Quadripartite Typology of Interagency Coordination S. 189-195

„… coordination.Grandori's Approach to Interfirm CoordinationFollowing a normative organization design approach, Grandori …” „… relationships will affect future collaboration.A New Quadripartite Typology of Interagency CoordinationAfter …” „… structural alternatives for interorganizational coordination, in order to achieve better coordination.Before …”

Coordination in Organization Theory – A Brief Introduction S. 153-156

„… forcoordination.Interagency Coordination in Organization TheoryDespite the wide interest in the subject of coordination – and …” „… humanitariancoordination issues.631 Thus, although many of the coordination shortcomingsidentified by the UN's Humanitarian …” „… knowledge about these issues. As a result, many contributions to theliterature on coordination are limited …”

Towards a Coordination Spectrum and Alternative Design Criteria S. 318-319

„… for interorganizational coordination in this dissertation would undoubtedly benefit from an …” „… coordination, would surely yield another setof interesting insights into the dynamic of coordination, and would …” „… briefly outlined below.Towards a Coordination Spectrum and Alternative Design CriteriaAs already alluded …”

Applicability of International Relations Theories to the Coordination of Humanitarian Relief S. 152-153

„… Applicability of International Relations Theories to the Coordination ofHumanitarian ReliefWith the …” „… (or institutional) setupof interagency coordination in terms of its governance structure and …” „… different organizational designs forcoordination.Interagency Coordination in Organization TheoryDespite the …”

Donini Revisited S. 175-179

„… section attempts to do precisely that.A New Framework for CoordinationAs shown in the review of …” „… . The second example of coordination"by command" – though not as obvious – are private interfirm …” „… contextual outcomes as well as on actorlevel criteria.The Relevant Context of CoordinationAs argued above …”

Summary of Findings S. 289-295

„… dynamics exert a huge influence on thesuccess of a particular setup of coordination.Finally, as a result of …” „… interorganizational coordination.Theory development in this dissertation essentially took place in three steps:First …” „… coordination(Lead Partnership); in the case of the OCHA-led intersectoral coordination inSouth-Darfur (Orchestrated …”

Purpose of the Study S. 21-30

„… effectively and efficientlyImprove interorganizational coordinationIncrease interorganizational collaboration …” „… coordination-friendlycultures via institutional learning processes over a sustained period.41 Hence, theirvision is to make the …” „… . Chapter 2 reviews the existing literature on coordination.Firstly, this includes a critical appraisal of a …”

First Generation Studies – the 1990s S. 51-61

„… followingheadings: a) obstacles to coordination; b) prerequisites for successful coordination;or c) organizing …” „… , in tributeto the adhocracy of the system, even cursory inspection of the UN's [coordination]models …” „… strategic coordination, which they actually denominated a "glaringfailure."100 Part of this failure, the …”

Improving Humanitarian Practices – Tentative Suggestions S. 304-314

„… coordination.Improving the Role of the UN Humanitarian AgenciesThe currently envisioned role for UN agencies as cluster …” „… crucial prerequisite for effective coordination.Thus, it may be beneficial that UN agencies invest more in …” „… coordination.As far as OCHA's perceived legitimacy in coordination is concerned, OCHAshould arguably be even more …”

Synthesis S. 195-201

„… CollegialModeratelyNoo n eres s converging? networkAre there catalysts of coordination?Fragmented collectiveNo4No5 …” „… Network there is again at least one critical driver of coordination.However, as opposed to the Asymmetric …” „… alternatives of coordination,namely an Orchestrated Alliance and a Lead Partnership.(4-5) In the fourth and …”

Summary and Concluding Remarks S. 201-204

„… coordination resources tied up in driving interagency consensus to a level that would sustain a less ad-hoc …” „… approach to coordination. The fifthnetwork outcome is linked to the same preferred coordination model due …” „… not satisfy the first condition, whichstates that coordination requires a network catalyst. In this …”

Research Assumptions S. 31-34

„… regarding its structure, processes, et cetera, lead to better coordination.Better coordination leads to a …” „… wasteful d li tieasures o mprove coordinationCoordination humanitarian system ea ers p mo e …” „… topic of coordination is framed in International Relations theory, Organization theory, and Network …”

First Forays into Applying Lessons from Organization Science to Humanitarian Relief S. 71-77

„… by Reindorp and Wiles (2001) in their review of UN coordination models (see thischapter, 2.2.2).249 …” „… notion of coordination in itself, but the fact thatits implementation is deemed advantageous regardless …” „… for coordination – much in the style ofBrunsson's "organized hypocrisy."251 In the former case …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… Erlangen-NürnbergBand ?Interagency Coordination During DisasterStrategic Choices for the UN, NGOs, and other …” „… Purpose of the Study1.1 23Proceedings of the Study1.2 30Research Method1.3 31Coordination and Humanitarian …” „… Interorganizational Coordination as a Subject of Concern in theLiterature on Humanitarian Relief2.248Main Shortcomings …”

General Normative Implications S. 295-298

„… Exhibit 39: Predicted adjustment process of coordination HighMismatchegitimacyActual capacity and …” „… characteristics which influence the feasibility and optimality ofalternative coordination mechanisms …” „… centralization relates to a reduction of governance costs, in analogy to Donini's coordination by command or …”

Generic Actor-Specific Implications S. 298-300

„… coordination,the actor's best contribution to coordination is to participate in concerted actionwhenever possible …” „… coordinationperspective. That way, the members of an existing network could advance to a moredemanding coordination design …” „… coordination.When any of these variables are improved or strengthened – as indicated in Exhibit42 by the four …”

Internal Capacity and External Legitimacy of the Most Critical Actor(s) S. 267-276

„… actors.Country-Level Intersectoral CoordinationFor the first case example, i.e., intersectoral coordination on Khartoum …” „… Crescent SocietySource: Own illustrationState-Level Intersectoral CoordinationAs already mentioned above …” „… 2007.274Food Sector CoordinationWhen describing those actors most critical for network coordination, the …”

Generic Network-Specific Implications S. 300-304

„… coordinationperspective. That way, the members of an existing network could advance to a moredemanding coordination design …” „… coordination.When any of these variables are improved or strengthened – as indicated in Exhibit42 by the four …” „… coordination.Rendering the structure of interests among actors more convergent (illustratedin Exhibit 42 by the third …”

List of Exhibits and Tables S. 17-20

„… coordination 199Exhibit 24: Overview coordination layers and respective coordinationtask responsibilities 217 …” „… . actualcoordination types 283Exhibit 38: Food sector coordination: Preferred vs. actual coordinationtypes 285Exhibit …” „… coordination functions 26Exhibit 3: Cause and effects of coordination in humanitarianemergencies 32Exhibit 4 …”

Network Catalysts S. 241-250

„… dimensions) in more detail.Catalysts of Intersectoral CoordinationThe following two sections examine two …” „… framework developed in Chapter 4.Country-Level Intersectoral CoordinationThe following examination refers to …” „… below.State-Level Intersectoral CoordinationThe following analysis refers to the humanitarian response between mid …”

Summary and Concluding Remarks S. 77-80

„… coordination as a choice between coordinationby command and ad-hoc or consensus-driven mechanisms. What is more …” „… (2006) paper stands out as one that explicitly mentions the potential pitfallsof too much coordination …” „… up and how coordination within it could function. As such, the value added byreferring to Network …”

The Structure of Interests among Humanitarian Actors S. 254-265

„… regard to the presence ofnetwork catalysts.Country-Level Intersectoral CoordinationAs already stated …” „… thatinteragency relations come under any additional strain.State-Level Intersectoral CoordinationAs already …” „… CoordinationThe final two sections examine the relational aspects of the structure of interestsamong the members …”

Summary and Concluding Remarks S. 286-288

„… believe that the improved structure of interests was sufficientto support a more hierarchical coordination …” „… RemarksThis chapter has evaluated the coordination of the international humanitarian response in Darfur in …” „… light of the theoretical framework developed in the previouschapter. More specifically, the coordination …”

Theory Development S. 39-42

„… coordinationProposition of normative link (3) performance gap Organization design approach Scholarly literature, policy …” „… beneficiaries,but also because coordination itself is set up as a multilayered system that corresponds to the …” „… one layer of coordination, adds another concern to the application of a multiple-case design, namely a …”

Initial Set-up and Structure of the International Humanitarian Response S. 215-225

„… the Country Level of CoordinationThe main governmental body that is involved in the humanitarian …” „… CoordinationAt the state level, federal authorities (Khartoum-appointed governors, or Walis)and the government …” „… ). The following overview briefly describes the basic structure of the delivery and coordination of the …”

Overview of Major Strands in the Literature S. 43-48

„… interorganizational coordination,namely the fact that it is difficult to hold an organization accountable for an …” „… Coordination and Humanitarian Relief – Current State of LiteratureThere are six strands of …” „… literature that are potentially relevant for the subject ofinterorganizational coordination during …”

Practical Limitations S. 314-316

„… largeportion of it has been shown to depend on the general attitude towards coordination,which is determined …” „… laissezfaire approach to coordination.6.3.1315The Role of Donors in CoordinationAnother criticism that can be …” „… ways of coordination.Research Method and ScopeA final criticism against this dissertation concerns its …”

Research Method and Scope S. 316-318

„… The Role of Donors in CoordinationAnother criticism that can be raised against this dissertation is …” „… multiple donors prescribe different and irreconcilable ways of coordination.Research Method and ScopeA …” „… argument that donors are the main culprits for insufficient coordination goesas follows: Because donors …”

Shortcomings of Network Approach and Consequences for Theory Development S. 169-172

„… "outcomes," see 4.4.4.1) to context-sensitive and effective typesof interorganizational coordination.The …” „… framework of coordination.UN Coordination RevisitedAs already mentioned in Chapter 3, in early 2005 then …” „… the UN's current approach to coordination.Chapter 3 demonstrated that the HRA has spurred some …”

Individual and Group Performance Reviews S. 48-51

„… interorganizational coordination.A notable exception is the evaluation of UNHCR's response to the Kosovo refugeecrisis …” „… relevance from the perspective of coordination. Thedirect consequence is a lack of cross-fertilization …” „… humanitarian crises.80 It is this research gap concerning interorganizational coordination that substantiates …”

Governmental and Military Actors S. 137-143

„… discussed below when looking more closely at civil-military coordination.The other concerns the military …” „… invent its own interpretation and mode of CIMIC coordination.Summary and Concluding RemarksThis chapter …” „… , including the military. The focus is going to be on typical issuesregarding the coordination of this very …”

Second Generation Studies – The New Millennium and Humanitarian Reform S. 61-69

„… .176 Their second option calls for a change in the funding of humanitarian coordination and an increase …” „… coordination,"178 which "at a minimum, all agenciesmust expect and instill […] through conventional management …” „… HRR's main recommendations with regard to coordination. However, before looking at OCHA's interagency …”

Proceedings of the Study S. 30-31

„… . Chapter 2 reviews the existing literature on coordination.Firstly, this includes a critical appraisal of a …” „… which proposes ideal-type solutions for coordination that are sensitive to the context of a given …” „… humanitarians in the field – interagency coordination and its prerequisites are first explored in an abstract …”

Main Shortcomings of Studies on Humanitarian Relief to Date S. 70-71

„… state of the debate on coordination. In fact,since the approval of the HRA by the IASC Principals …” „… literature suffer fromthe self-limiting view of effective coordination being necessarily top-down …” „… anddirective, much as it was characterized by Donini's "coordination by command."The implicit assumption that …”

Network Outcomes S. 265-267

„… Coordination as Loose Alliance, Orchestrated Alliance, Lead Partnership, orLead AgencyThe following …” „… delineated in Chapter 4 (4422).1098 Third, each network is linked to a theoretically preferred coordination …” „… coordination scenario (target) is compared with the initial actual positioning of those incharge of …”

Preliminary Remarks S. 69-70

„… gramming; second, it seems to have fostered stronger and more predictable coordination leadership …” „… Finally, with regard to sectoral coordination, the study concludesthat, where a cluster performed poorly …” „… capacity of the leadagency and/or weak coordination skills among personnel placed in coordinatingroles."245 …”

Power S. 250-254

„… the practical relevance of power for the setup of coordination,the following analysis examines in …” „… using this stick mechanism as a means to improve coordination,so that the balance of powers among the …” „… coordination model depends on the contingency of a "symmetric" (i.e., all actors aremore or less independent …”

The Humanitarian UN Agencies S. 114-122

„… weaknesses, particularly with regard to coordination.3.5456 A different view is presented by Roberts who …” „… coordination of theUN's humanitarian response, policy development, and humanitarian advocacy.465Table 2 …” „… theCoordination ofHumanitarianAffairs(1991/98)468OCHA's mission is to mobilize and coordinatehumanitarian action …”

Achievements and Disappointments S. 225-237

„… Coordination(UNDAC) team – usually the first step in the response to any humanitarian emergency – was not deployed …” „… less, most NGOs also accredited some value to the coordination activities at statelevel …” „… , particularly with regard to camp coordination. For example, by the end of 2004, international NGOs and the ICRC …”

Case Study Approach S. 34-39

„… humanitarian priorities.44 Hence, as with the assessment ofgood coordination, a certain leap of faith in the …” „… coordination have neglected the context of interagency coordination, a case study approach seems indeed …” „… questions ofthe study are "how" and "why" questions: How was interagency coordination setup in the past? Why …”

International Relations Theories and the Role of International Non-State Actors S. 147-152

„… Coordination of Humanitarian Relief: A Theory-Guided ApproachAs discussed in the previous two …” „… chapters, coordination between different humanitarian actors, i.e., United Nations agencies, NGOs, and the …” „… have not yet yieldedthe desired result of achieving a dramatically improved coordination in the …”

The Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement S. 129-137

„… interagency coordination are value-adding endeavors. The effects of this growing consensus may not yet be felt …” „… programs."545 Before goinginto detail about how the Seville Agreement on intra-Movement coordination …” „… to the coordination and544 See Seville Agreement (1997), Part II, Article 5, 5.3.1-5.3.3; note that a …”

From Structural Design to Process S. 319-320

„… coordination.Donor Preferences and CoordinationWhile the argument that all responsibility for coordination or lack …” „… to lead toan even better identification of the optimal levers for improving coordination.Second, it …” „… , and participants, et cetera – so that these processes lead to optimal coordination outcomes,research …”

Bibliography S. 337-352

„… Governance, UN System ChiefExecutives Board for Coordination.Holland, Christopher P./Lockett, Geoff (1997 …” „… Nations General Assembly.A/RES/46/182 of 17 December 1991: Strengthening of the coordination of …” „… March 2006: Strengthening of the coordination of emergency humanitarianassistance of the United Nations …”

Summary and Concluding Remarks S. 143-146

„… interpretation and mode of CIMIC coordination.Summary and Concluding RemarksThis chapter has sought to …” „… the military and humanitarianspose to the task of CIMIC coordination, and despite the growing demand …” „… conflict resolution. The respective discussions of the influence of these trends oninteragency coordination …”

The Humanitarian Coordinator System S. 92-98

„… adhocracy of thesystem, even cursory inspection of the [three above mentioned] UN's [coordination]models …” „… . Thesecond pillar, the so-called Cluster Approach, addresses sectoral coordination andleadership at all …” „… UN models of country-wide coordination leadershipare still distinguishable in practice today. In the …”

Key Terms and Definitions S. 323-336

„… http://ochaonline.un.org/cerf/WhatistheCERF/tabid/3534/language/en-US/Default.aspx; last accessed 15 December 2008.323Civil-Military Coordination …” „… . Basic CIMIC strategies rangefrom coexistence to cooperation. Coordination is a shared responsibility …” „… used as a coordination tool.1208Contingency Planning: A management tool used to ensure that adequate …”

Markets, Hierarchies, and Networks as Basic Organization Forms S. 156-160

„… coordination and network effectiveness, one is forced to put forward hypotheses about causal relationships …” „… , firms were regarded as "islands of planned coordination in a sea of market relations."647 For decades …” „… this dichotomous view – i.e., coordination by completecentralization of decision making in firms vs …”

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) S. 122-129

„… are of particular relevance from a coordination perspective. Perhaps the most influential aspect …” „… interagency coordination is their culturally embeddedaction-orientedness and notorious aversion to authorities …” „… the time spent in coordination meetings. As a result,NGOs often see coordination merely as an …”

Development of Network Characteristics S. 237-241

„… coordination perspective.Development of Network CharacteristicsHumanitarian organizations usually arrive at the …” „… positive attitude among humanitarianorganizations towards interagency coordination and collaboration. While …” „… response. This includes the segmentation of the response into sectorsor clusters, basic coordination …”

The Network as a Suitable Analytical Model for Humanitarian Relief S. 163-169

„… suitable analyticalmodel when looking at the coordination of humanitarian relief, due to reasons that …” „… of simple exchange of information, for example, at coordination meetings, orexchange of resources …” „… website of the ChiefExecutives Board for Coordination of the United Nations System at …”

List of Abbreviations S. 13-16

„… Assistance and Relief EverywhereCCCM Camp Coordination and Camp ManagementCDERA Caribbean Disaster Emergency …” „… organizationNRC Norwegian Refugee CouncilOAS Organization of American StatesOCHA Organization for Coordination of …” „… Assistance Mission for RwandaUNCT United Nations Country TeamUNDAC UN Disaster and Assessment Coordination …”

Donor Concentration S. 84-86

„… thatthe coordination of a relatively small number of donors with respect to norms ofgood donorship and aid …” „… ' preferences and hidden agendas. In addition, coordination among only a few large donors– as is the case in the …” „… increasing donor role in the coordination of humanitarian action.See Macrae et al. (2002), p. 3. The latter …”

The History of Darfur up until 2003 S. 205-209

„… Case Study: The Humanitarian Crisis in DarfurIn the following, interorganizational coordination …” „… relief. The coordination of humanitarian relief is then checked along the propositions laid out in …” „… assessed in terms of catalysts, power, and structure ofinterests. Third, the coordination among …”

The Cluster Approach S. 98-103

„… clusterand the Camp Coordination and Camp Management cluster the IFRC and the IOM, respectively are in charge …” „… of overall coordination, however only in natural disasters.98manitarian actors, it is now their …” „… ., IDP Protection, Early Recovery, and Camp Coordination and CampManagement) and designated cluster leads …”

Bilateralization of Humanitarian Aid S. 86-92

„… coordination of humanitarian action.See Macrae et al. (2002), p. 3. The latter two aspects are part of the …” „… discussion of the roleof donors in coordination (see Chapter 3, 3.5.4.2).308 Other important donors such as …” „… ' application procedures, ECHO's in particular, also tend to be less adapted to servicessuch as coordination …”

The Changing Role of the Humanitarian UN Agencies S. 103-106

„… , facilitation, and coordination.396 This has resulted in a growing mutual dependence between the UN agenciesand …” „… humanitarian coordination, including real-time evaluations of the ClusterApproach, it was found that an agency …”

Humanitarian vs. Development Aid S. 81-84

„… strengths and weaknesses, particularly withrespect to coordination (3.5).Trends in Financing Humanitarian …”

Determinants of Network Formation S. 160-163

„… suitable analyticalmodel when looking at the coordination of humanitarian relief, due to reasons that …”

Politicization of Humanitarian Aid S. 110-114

„… , as well as their respective strengths and weaknesses, particularly with regard to coordination.3.5456 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845226019

Christina Altides - Making EU Politics Public

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Christina Altides

Making EU Politics Public

Series: Regieren in Europa | Governance in Europe

Volume 16 2009

Results in this title

Coordination structures S. 155-161

„… coordinationRepresentationsA2:CommunicationplanningTools., directions, coordination vs. monitoring reportsB1: Coordination of …” „… coordinationSpokespersonDirections,consultation Directions, MonitoringCommissionerand his/her Cabinet159ground as the coordination efforts of …” „… reactions that could not be anticipated beforehand (EC IN13, 56). 6.1.3 Coordination structures Finally, the …”

Limits of coordination structures and procedures S. 172-178

„… most prominent features (see Table 6).6.2.3 Limits of coordination structures and proceduresWhere …” „… coordination practices are related to the EP’s external offices, the limits are very likely to be those …” „… display a rather reserved attitude towards Brussels’ coordination efforts when stressing that subsidiarity …”

Organisational constraints: the Services Directive and REACH S. 178-182

„… 178of the Commission President and the Commissioner for Communication. Coordination structures …” „… from their formal authorities. All in all, the results show that the coordination of EP and Commission …” „… monitoring, the formal structures and procedures both institutionshave put into place to enhance coordination …”

The European Commission S. 193-197

„… coordinated horizontally. Thecross-sectoral coordination efforts by DG COMM, for example, are seriously …” „… not to know what its functions and competences (of which coordination is obviously one) are:“They have …” „… increase the other DGs’ staff incentives to participate in communication coordination measures. The …”

Shifting from structural to actor-centred explanations S. 47-52

„… be a lack of coordination of institutional communication activities, thus giving “further impetus to …” „… is said on the coordination of institutional communicationefforts. An early study on the EP’s …” „… mentioned with regard to issues of internal coordination refers to the external offices. On the one hand …”

The European Parliament S. 188-193

„… hierarchies in communication planning, monitoring and coordination processes. DG Info may be structured as …” „… regarding the existence of too many coordination committees (EP IN5b, 96), the interviews have drawn a …” „… coordination, but also have also shown how an ideal balance between the two is highly dependent on trust …”

The institutional communication development process S. 203-206

„… is dependent on the cooperation and coordination of a variety of institutional communication entities …” „… involved in it.Hence, the organisational (monitoring, planning and coordination) structures and practices …” „… consideration of communication concerns and formalising the communication planning process and coordination …”

Explaining EU institutional communication efforts S. 78-80

„… 78matter of valuing and accepting the steering and coordination entities in the communication …” „… (potentially different) communication aims and their implementation. This internal coordination and …” „… coordination of communication activities; and b) by the social restrictions, i.e. formal powers and the …”

Figures and tables S. 12

„… 141Figure 3a: Coordination processes when developing EP institutional press material 156Figure 3b …” „… : Coordination processes when developing Commission institutional press material 158Table 1: Normative and …”

Monitoring structures S. 153-155

„… public reactions that could not be anticipated beforehand (EC IN13, 56). 6.1.3 Coordination structures …” „… . In fact, coordination structures aimed at the coherence of policy communication activities seem …” „… coordination of the external offices (only put into place in 2006, see EP IN3, 4) is not only engaged in …”

Planning structures S. 150-153

„… ), monitoring (6.1.2), and coordination activities (6.1.3) related to public communication. In 6.2, I will then …” „… coordination in communications as identified in 2.3.2 – was used as an organising principle for the …” „… communication plans to the cabinets and the Secretariat General responsible for policy coordination. Such …”

The European Commission S. 185-188

„… coordination processes. DG Info may be structured as hierarchical as any other administrative entity in the EP …” „… IN1, 32, EP IN9, 47). So despite a little critique regarding the existence of too many coordination …” „… party perceives the given trade-off between autonomy and coordination, but also have also shown how an …”

Limits to monitoring structures and procedures S. 169-172

„… most prominent features (see Table 6).6.2.3 Limits of coordination structures and proceduresWhere …” „… coordination practices are related to the EP’s external offices, the limits are very likely to be those …” „… display a rather reserved attitude towards Brussels’ coordination efforts when stressing that subsidiarity …”

Explaining the EU institutions’ communication deficit S. 52-53

„… their competences (Mak 2004, p.183f.; Gramberger 1997, p.306; Peterson 1999, p.49). “Coordination across …” „… Commissioners should take part, coordination difficulties are even more pronounced (Kurpas et al 2004, p.3 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-11

„… 1506.1.1 Planning structures 1516.1.2 Monitoring structures 1536.1.3 Coordination structures 1556.2 Limits …” „… procedures 1626.2.2 Limits to monitoring structures and procedures 1696.2.3 Limits of coordination structures …”

The many communicators in the EP and the Commission S. 57-61

„… : Publishingand DistributionA1: Coordination UnitA2: Distribution UnitA3: Europarl website UnitA4: Official …” „… monitoringDirectorate BRepresentations andNetworksB1: Coordination of representationsB2: Communication relays …”

Organisational constraints: procedures and structures S. 73-76

„… structures, namely the planning and coordination of institutional communication activities (see Zerfaß 1996 …” „… , special coordination procedures and informal measures are often being installed to bridge the gap between …” „… ; Sprengelmeier 1976, p.75). The latter would also enhance the institution’s internal coordinationcapacities …”

Relating the development process to the institutional press release features S. 206-207

„… coordination structures and procedures). They may, however, also be thwarted by the latter, when the formal …”

Limits of planning structures and procedures S. 161-169

„… the Commission. In this process, planning, monitoring and coordination have been determined as …” „… seen to be beneficial for reasons of effective coordination turns out to be problematic for adequate …”

The characteristics of EU institutional press communication S. 201-203

„… is dependent on the cooperation and coordination of a variety of institutional communication entities …”

Social constraints: political power and social profile S. 76-78

„… , p.45). 78matter of valuing and accepting the steering and coordination entities in the communication …”

The European Parliament S. 183-185

„… , 64ff.);The Bureau is not very involved in communication planning, monitoring and coordination, but is …”

Corporate institutional actors – beyond unitary conceptions S. 54-57

„… communication, namely the lack of determination,problems with coordination, and internal rivalries. How can …”

Social restrictions – the Services Directive and REACH S. 197-200

„… planning and coordination capacities. Compared to DG COMM, the Spokespersons enjoy the luxury of political …”

Actor patterns of intentional differences S. 139-144

„… activities depend on certain organisation and coordination activities performed by the general EP …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845220123

Cornelius Adebahr - Learning and Change in European Foreign Policy

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Cornelius Adebahr

Learning and Change in European Foreign Policy

Series: DGAP-Schriften zur Internationalen Politik

Volume 2009

Results in this title

EU political coordination S. 183-185

„… coordinationThe EU has learned to use EUSRs for intergovernmental coordination of its various actors, in …” „… ); they have thus become “hubs for coordination” (Grevi 2007, 46). Change resulting from this is seen in a …” „… that paves the way for common and coherent external action. Coordination can, of course, be obstructed …”

EU political coordination S. 144-146

„… (Interviewee #35; cf. Grevi 2007, 108).5.3 EU political coordinationOver the years, EUSRs have learned to fill …” „… the intergovernmental coordination role bestowed upon them. This includes the habit of regularly …” „… , for example when the EUSRs have been established as the focal point of EU coordination in the field …”

Basis of operations of EUSRs S. 182-183

„… under one (i. e. the Commission) hat (cf. section 6.17). 6.12 EU political coordinationThe EU has …” „… learned to use EUSRs for intergovernmental coordination of its various actors, in particular of member …” „… become “hubs for coordination” (Grevi 2007, 46). Change resulting from this is seen in a steady flow of …”

ESDP chain of command S. 146-149

„… coordination among EU actors as well as among member states grew with the number of ESDP operations …” „… Solana and the PSC is needed for internal coordination (Interviewee #31). Also within an ESDP mission …” „… of mission and ensure overall coordination. However, this rule was fundamentally changed in 2007 …”

Basis of operations of EUSRs S. 142-144

„… Southern Sudan (Interviewee #35; cf. Grevi 2007, 108).5.3 EU political coordinationOver the years, EUSRs …” „… permanent presence on the ground should the complex EU coordination work well (Grevi 2007, 116).For all …” „… have learned to fill the intergovernmental coordination role bestowed upon them. This includes the …”

ESDP chain of command S. 185-187

„… EU coordination becomes difficult again—as was the case in the early days. 6.13 ESDP chain of …” „… , where centralized coordination does not make national posts superfluous.2008_EU_Learn_Diss_Adebahr.indb …” „… political and diplomatic roles of representation, reporting and coordination” (Grevi 2007, 39) is less …”

Tasks S. 137-142

„… )CoordinationOverall coherence Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina (2004), Central Asia, Great Lakes (2007), Macedonia …” „… given.289 The remaining six roles (analysis, proposals, and coordination on the internal side, and …” „… multilateral conferences and other foraAfghanistan, Central Asia, Great Lakes, Macedonia (overall coordination …”

External cooperation S. 149-151

„… processes, such internal streamlining and coordination should also be seen as a precondition for successful …” „… reference to international coordination in the different mandates demonstrates:– The EUSR for Afghanistan …” „… Secretary-General” and, jointly with the Commission, “actively participate in the Joint Coordination and Monitoring …”

External cooperation S. 187-189

„… arrangement may not substantially reduce the workload of an EUSR. Given the latter’s political coordination …” „… of international coordination brought about increased participation of the EU in international fora …” „… Afghanistan (the Joint Coordination and Monitoring Board), for the South Caucasus (the ‘Group of Friends of …”

Double-hatting S. 155-158

„… hitherto poor EU coordination in Macedonia as well as the aim to scale down EUSR involvement in particular …” „… sense that reporting lines and coordination mechanisms are entirely new; it is operational in the way …” „… CARDS programme, resulted in poor coordination of EU policies in the field (Interviewees #8, 10, 16 …”

Current or former staff from the EUSRs, the Council Secretariat (including the Policy Unit), member states’ permanent missions or foreign ministries S. 239-241

„… the Great Lakes (June–September 2007).Cesira D’Aniello, Head of Coordination Unit, Council …” „… Correspondent, German Foreign Office, BerlinClara Ganslandt, Coordination Unit, Council SecretariatJulie Godin …” „… ProcessRainer Uher, Coordination Unit, Council SecretariatClemens von Goetze, PSC Ambassador, Permanent Mission …”

Summary and outlook S. 232-236

„… coordination and external cooperation with partners, the EUSRs’ important input for policy, the calculated use …” „… SeminarsTasks; Basis of Operation; EU Political Coordination; ESDP Chain of Command; External CooperationPolicy …” „… and external as well as presence and actorness): obligation, analysis, proposals, and coordination …”

Different roles of special envoys S. 80-82

„… CoordinationExternal– Towards conflict parties– Towards third parties Visibility Dissemination Activity CooperationJust …” „… managers, lynchpins of coordination, networkers, and agents of multilateralism. Despite the fact that …” „… example, the EUSR for the South Caucasus or for Central Asia.– Internal coordination is of major …”

Establishing EUSR structures S. 169-171

„… coordination post was created within the Secretariat. One major barrier to more change—based on the little …” „… matter). It was only in 2007 that, within the Coordination Unit of DG E in the Coun-2008 …” „… ), where staff experienced fairly successful EU coordination rather than rivalry (Interviewee #46). EUSRs …”

Internal consolidation S. 49-51

„… ). Besides, the guidelines reinforced the role of EUSRs in promoting political coordination in the field …” „… , they set up a Coordination Unit within the Directorate-General (DG) E of the Council Secretariat and …” „… central political and diplomatic roles of representation, reporting and coordination” (Grevi 2007, 39).In …”

Double-hatting S. 195-200

„… much closer coordination” (Grevi 2007, 95). The UK’s Lordships confirm this view by concluding that …” „… #8). Ironically, even the EUSR’s mandate in its standard language about coordination (Article 9 …” „… Policy Change based on Organizational Learning197and downstream in Macedonia—the serious coordination …”

The EU’s strategic role S. 158-162

„… coordination as well as international cooperation. As mentioned previously (cf. subsections 1.3.2 and 5.3.1 …” „… those who favoured close coordination, including with Commissions activities, prevailed with the idea …” „… “to provide maximum coordination between the peace process and the EU police mission, as well as the …”

Staff from European-policy think tanks S. 241-242

„… Advisor, EUSR for the Middle East Peace ProcessRainer Uher, Coordination Unit, Council SecretariatClemens …” „… Coordination CentreCFSP Common Foreign and Security PolicyCICA Conference on Interaction and …”

Mandates continued S. 51-54

„… central political and diplomatic roles of representation, reporting and coordination” (Grevi 2007, 39).In …” „… Afghanistan, duties in both international monitoring and ESDP coordination increased. The period started with …” „… Representatives54Compact, a Joint Coordination and Monitoring Board (JCMB) was created, on which the EUSR, jointly …”

List of Abbreviations S. 242-244

„… ProgramCARICC Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination CentreCFSP Common Foreign and Security …” „… Coordination and Monitoring Board [for Afghanistan]JHA Justice and Home AffairsMEP Member of the European …”

Cooperation with the Commission and the Parliament S. 172-176

„… to improve coordination in Brussels as well (Grevi 2007, 138). Still, the building of bridges …” „… through coordination and cooperation, important as they are, cannot be a “substitute for genuine …” „… inter-pillar cooperation in the region, following “the rather constructive experience of coordination between …”

Lessons-learned seminars S. 179-180

„… these seminars (cf. section 4.9) has enhanced intra-EUSR coordination in some aspects. However, it has …” „… wake of the 2005 meeting, regional coordination was enhanced (e. g. between the ‘Eastern European …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… political coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1445.4 ESDP chain …” „… EU political coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1836.13 …”

Selection of EUSRs S. 177-179

„… . What the EU learned about these seminars (cf. section 4.9) has enhanced intra-EUSR coordination in some …” „… wish. Moreover, in the wake of the 2005 meeting, regional coordination was enhanced (e. g. between the …”

New and different tasks S. 54-56

„… , a Joint Coordination and Monitoring Board (JCMB) was created, on which the EUSR, jointly with the …” „… . passing guidelines on EU coordination in the field, including the ESDP chain of command) phases.The next …”

Deliberate use of envoys S. 153-155

„… coherence in general, and the awareness of hitherto poor EU coordination in Macedonia as well as the aim to …” „… divide; it is procedural in the sense that reporting lines and coordination mechanisms are entirely new …”

Implications for the EU foreign service S. 230-232

„… enhanced coordination in and joint reporting from the field. This scarcity of official reference to the …” „… ) Their existing and reasonably successful coordination mechanisms with the Commission should be …”

Operationalization S. 110-113

„… . g. common positions or strategies) are changed or new ones established, or coordination with member …” „… basis of operation;– Political coordination of EU actors in the field;– Changes to the ESDP chain of …”

Envoys as boundary spanners S. 227-230

„… enhanced coordination in and joint reporting from the field. This scarcity of official reference to the …” „… ) Their existing and reasonably successful coordination mechanisms with the Commission should be …”

Integration into CFSP structures S. 121-124

„… as primary point of contact with the Council, [for] regular reporting and coordination as well as …” „… the Middle East task force with the respective mandate, while for the Balkans, coordination takes …”

Integration into CFSP structures S. 166-169

„… only visible adjustment is that a single coordination post was created within the Secretariat. One …” „… Coordination Unit of DG E in the Coun-2008_EU_Learn_Diss_Adebahr.indb 169 11.05.2009 15:42:43 Uhr …”

The EU Special Representatives S. 57-62

„… Brussels policy-making process. Another important role is that of internal coordination, given that the …” „… among Coreper, establishing a ‘we-feeling’ and a ‘coordination reflex’ (cf. Juncos/Reynolds 2007 …”

Secondary sources S. 251-267

„… international policy coordination, in: International Organization, 46, 1 (Winter 1992) ‘Knowledge, Power, and …” „… International Policy Coordination’, 1–35.Haine, Jean-Yves (2004) An historical perspective. In: Gnesotto, Nicole …” „… , 137–61.Lautze, Sue, Bruce D. Jones and Mark Duffield (1998) Strategic Humanitarian Coordination in the …”

Staff from the European Commission and Members of the European Parliament S. 241

„… Advisor, EUSR for the Middle East Peace ProcessRainer Uher, Coordination Unit, Council SecretariatClemens …”

Current or former EU Special Representatives S. 237-239

„… Advisor, EUSR for the Great Lakes (June–September 2007).Cesira D’Aniello, Head of Coordination Unit …”

Analytical inferences from antecedent envoys S. 74-80

„… degree of internal (e. g. inter-ministerial or inter-agency) coordination that rests upon the special …” „… state.An interesting research question stemming from this fact concerns internal coordination, i. e …”

Introduction and Main Argument S. 13-20

„… budgetary issues; as well as cooperation and coordination with the Commission and with member states …” „… expansion of EUSR tasks, their basis of operation, coordination of ESDP missions, cooperation with third …”

Former Yugoslavia S. 29-31

„… close coordination with the EU Special Representative for the FRY.”2008_EU_Learn_Diss_Adebahr.indb 29 …”

Case selection: Why study the EUSRs? S. 82-84

„… .– Internal coordination is of major importance in any theatre, given the presence of different actors like …”

Summary of instances of organizational change (phase 2) S. 207-209

„… such as the coordination of the EU’s political activities in a given region. Such close liaisons, in …”

Standardization of general mandate provisions S. 131-133

„… were to focus on substantive issues such as policy input and internal EU coordination (Grevi 2007, 25 …”

Scope conditions, or: When and how learning and change occur S. 209-212

„… achieve greater coherence and to speak with one voice, be it in the coordination of member states in the …”

The Middle East Peace Process S. 26-29

„… close coordination with the EU Special Representative for the FRY.”2008_EU_Learn_Diss_Adebahr.indb 29 …”

Budgetary issues S. 125-128

„… liaison in the field, the current set of guidelines stipulates close coordination, including regular …”

Cooperation with the Commission and the Parliament S. 128-131

„… stipulates close coordination, including regular briefings and mutual support (Council of the European Union …”

The UN Special Representatives S. 62-68

„… paper, the envoy’s real authority comes from the actual coordination effort he or she fulfills.192 …”

The U. S. Special Envoys S. 68-74

„… coordination is also made by Wriston, interestingly in a language that resembles talk of the EU’s lack of …”

New missions, new mandates S. 38-46

„… to ensure coordination and consistency of Union’s [sic!] external actions in the region” (Council of …”

Implications for explanations of European foreign policy S. 218-227

„… common instructions to them, the EUSRs advance a ‘habit of coordination.’ This was first noticed with …”

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