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Stefan Giesen - Private Military Companies im Völkerrecht

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Stefan Giesen

Private Military Companies im Völkerrecht

Series: Düsseldorfer Schriften zu Internationaler Politik und Völkerrecht

Volume 12 2013

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Literaturverzeichnis S. 375-400

„… Governance ofPrivate Military and Security Companies, Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control ofArmed Forces …” „… the Use of Force,Naval War College, Newport, 2006, S. 99-112ders.: War, Aggression and Self-Defence, 4 …” „… forces to shut down Fallujah, Cnn.com vom 6.4.2004, verfügbar unter

Anwendbarkeit des Art. 47 ZP I auf Angestellte von Private Military Companies S. 159-184

„… PMCsAnwendbarkeit des Art. 47 ZP I auf Angestellte von Private Military CompaniesNoch in der Haager …” „… . 73 ), 269; Todd Milliard, Overcoming Post-ColonialMyopia, Military Law Review 176 (2003), 1-95, 33 …” „… , 30; vgl. auch Foreign and Commonwealth Office (Hg.),Private Military Companies, 2002, S. 17 Tz. 44 f …”

Unmittelbare Teilnahme an Feindseligkeiten S. 145-159

„… units or task forces.Activities at this level focus on the ordered arrangement and maneuver of combat …” „… War, Air Force Law Review 32 (1990),1-225, 118; Yoram Dinstein, The ICRC Customary International …” „… Humanitarian Law Study,in: Anthony Helm (Hg.), The Law of War in the 21st Century: Weaponry and the Use ofForce …”

Praktische Relevanz S. 321-324

„… aggressor attacks, he is attacking several states’ military forces.If he just thinks he is attacking a bunch …” „… fromthe military forces of states and not simply a force of international mercenaries is thatwhen the …” „… forces that otherwise might be usefuleven under article 51. More importantly, it would also be less …”

Abkürzungsverzeichnis S. 13-20

„… CrossISAF International Security Assistance ForceISGH Internationaler SeegerichtshofISOA International …” „… Regulations16IWF Internationaler Währungsfondslit. Buchstabem.w.N. mit weiteren NachweisenMEJA Military …” „… Military Professional Resources, Inc.NJW Neue Juristische WochenschriftNov. NovemberOAU Organisation of …”

Definitions- und Typisierungsversuche für PM?Cs S. 81-83

„… MilitaryCompanies and the Legitimate Use of Force, 2006, 55, ist sie aber von diesem Ansatz abgerücktund folgt der …” „… von Ortiz vorgeschlagen1:Private Military Companies can be defined as legally established …” „… multinational commercial enterprises offering services that involve the potential to exercise force in …”

PM?Cs in Peacekeeping-Einsätzen S. 307-316

„… daher zu dem Schluss:In one sense the United Nations already employs some mercenary forces. It is …” „… . Forces supplied are often of poor quality and badly equipped; butsince the UN is dealing with a sovereign …” „… state and since it has great difficulties inrecruiting forces for peacekeeping operations in the first …”

Streitkräfte S. 97-139

„… Meeting on Private Military Contractors, 2005, 12, im Internet abrufbar unter …” „… Aktivitätenteilnimmt:In order to attribute the acts of a military or paramilitary group to a State, it must beproved that …” „… , the Party to the conflict) has a role in organising,coordinating or planning the military actions of …”

Regulierungsvorschläge in der Literatur S. 336-339

„… (International Convention toPrevent the Unlawful Transfer of Military Services to Foreign Armed Forces …” „… 2.0?, HarvardInternational Law Journal 49 (2008), 221-248, 241; Ellen Frye, Private Military Firms in …” „… , Privatising Security: Law, Practice and Governance of Private Military and SecurityCompanies, Geneva Centre …”

Konsequenzen aus dem Verlust des Schutzes als Zivilist S. 194-198

„… Matheson (Fn. 204), 426, die Gewährung von Kombattanten- und Kriegsgefangenenstatus nach dem U.S. Air Force …” „… mission statements do not authorize the performance of any inherently Governmental military functions …” „… . Armed Forces lose their law of war protectionsfrom direct attack if and for such time as they take a …”

Anwendung auf PM?Cs S. 202-204

„… civilian personnel authorized to accompany the military forces in areas of combat.[…]E3. ENCLOSURE 3 …” „… all DoD Components […] and cover allmembers of the United States Armed Forces on active duty and …” „… Military-Civilian Grade Relationship for Geneva Conventions Identification Purposes[…]E3.1.4. Advisors, observers …”

Der Rückgang des Staates S. 54-59

„… gemacht. Vgl. dazu van Creveld (Fn. 6 ), 394.10 Elke Krahmann, Controlling Private Military Companies in …” „… challenge of transnational corporations, communications and politics, the era of the trans-national military …” „… Interes-29 David Shearer, Private Armies and Military Intervention, 1998, 32 f.; Mandel (Fn. 18), 58 …”

Antike S. 26-28

„… Historische EntwicklungSöldnerunternehmen, die historischen Private Military CompaniesDie …” „… Geschichte der Private Military Companies scheint auf den ersten Blick sehrjung zu sein1. Die bekanntesten …” „… : Robert Mandel, Armies without States, 2002, 30 f.6 Kevin O’Brien, Private Military Companies, 2002, 8.26 …”

Besonders relevante Primärnormen S. 247-278

„… and supplying the contra forces or otherwise encouraging, supporting and aiding military …” „… forces or armed bands, including mercenaries, for incursioninto the territory of another State.[Neunter …” „… paragraph involve a threat or useof force.[21. Absatz] […] no State shall organize, assist, foment, finance …”

Regulierung auf nationaler Ebene S. 328-330

„… zur Regulierung und Kontrolle von PMCs geprüft20.Im südafrikanischen Foreign Military Assistance Act …” „… Regimes for PSMCs and their Activities, in: ThomasJäger/Gerhard Kümmel (Hg.), Private Military and …” „… , Controlling Private Military Companies in the UK and Germany, European Security14 (2005), 277-295, 290.20 …”

Der Mehrwert der Definition und Typisierung von Private Military Companies für das Völkerrecht S. 334-335

„… Der Mehrwert der Definition und Typisierung von PrivateMilitary Companies für das VölkerrechtOben …” „… Überschneidungskreis bei der Gruppe Military Operations. Wie aber bei den Ausführungen zur unmittelbaren Teilnahme an …” „… im Ergebnis auch: Luise Doswald-Beck, Private Military Companies under InternationalHumanitarian Law …”

Die ostindischen Kompanien S. 38-40

„… State Authority? Private Military Companiesand the Legitimate Use of Force, 2006, 38; Kramer, in …” „… (1998), 34; vgl. auch Carlos Ortiz, The Private Military Company, in:Thomas Jäger/Gerhard Kümmel (Hg …” „… .), Private Military and Security, 2007, 55-68, 16 f.;Daniel Kramer, Does History Repeat Itself?, in: Thomas …”

Militärische Operationen S. 84-87

„… aus früheren Mitgliedern der South African Defense Forces und südafrikanischer Polizeieinheiten …” „… MilitaryIntervention, 1998, 41; Juan Carlos Zarate, The Emergence of a New Dog of War, StanfordJournal on International …” „… O’Brien,Military-Advisory Groups and African Security, International Peacekeeping 5 (1998),78-105, 89. Vgl. grundsätzlich …”

Vergleich mit privaten Rüstungsexporten S. 325-328

„… geprüft20.Im südafrikanischen Foreign Military Assistance Act von 1998 sind Söldneraktivitäten verboten …” „… Activities, in: ThomasJäger/Gerhard Kümmel (Hg.), Private Military and Security, 2007, 407-418, 407 ff.18 …” „… Military Companies in the UK and Germany, European Security14 (2005), 277-295, 290.20 Antrag der Fraktionen …”

Kommerzialisierung des Konfliktes S. 76-79

„… Perspective on Mercenaries, Military Companies, and the Privatisation of Force, CambridgeReview of …” „… ofPrivate Military Entities, in: Thomas Jäger/Gerhard Kümmel (Hg.), Private Military andSecurity, 2007 …” „… , Liaisons Dangereuses, in: Thomas Jäger/Gerhard Kümmel (Hg.), Private Military andSecurity, 2007, 259-272.79 …”

Outsourcing als Antwort auf Spezialisierungsbedürfnisse S. 61-65

„… ; Jürgen Brauer, An Economic Perspective onMercenaries, Military Companies, and the Privatisation of Force …” „… Turner/Lynn Norton, Civilians at the Tip of theSpear, Air Force Law Review 51 (2001), 1-110, 8.Dieses Problem …” „… .Lindsay Cameron, Private Military Companies, International Review of the Red Cross 88(2006), 573-598, 582 …”

Gewaltverbot S. 291-295

„… ), 1-22, 2; DavisBrown, Use of Force against Terrorism after September 11th, Cardozo Journal of …” „… . Siehe dazu Anthony Clark Arend/ Rober J. Beck, International Law & The Use of Force, 1993, 146.50 So …” „… geben nur die operative Kontrolle ab. Siehe dazu Blaise Cathcart,Command and Control in Military …”

Privatisierung S. 59-61

„… ; Jürgen Brauer, An Economic Perspective onMercenaries, Military Companies, and the Privatisation of Force …” „… task forces. Der verstärkte Rückgriff auf PMCs in diesenKonflikten stellt also aus historischer …” „… Turner/Lynn Norton, Civilians at the Tip of theSpear, Air Force Law Review 51 (2001), 1-110, 8.Dieses Problem …”

Der moderne Staat S. 52-54

„… State Authority? Private MilitaryCompanies and the Legitimate Use of Force, 2006, 39 f.53Das Vereinigte …” „… gemacht. Vgl. dazu van Creveld (Fn. 6 ), 394.10 Elke Krahmann, Controlling Private Military Companies in …”

Nichtstaatliche Konfliktparteien S. 71-76

„… es dannauch, das mit dem Foreign Military Assistance Act von 1998 das Ende von Executive Outcomes …” „… Münkler (Fn. 30 ), 9; Ähnlich Karl Zemanek, The Prohibition to Use Force after Sixty Yearsof Abuse, in …” „… and Private Military Companies, in: Thomas Jäger/GerhardKümmel (Hg.), Private Military and Security …”

Humanitäres Völkerrecht S. 339-342

„… Anwendung des Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials und der Basic Principles on the Use of Force and …” „… dazu Kapitel F. II. 1. „Anwendbarkeit des Art.?47 ZP I auf Angestellte von PrivateMilitary Companies …” „… PrivateMilitary Companies”, oben S. 159 ff.342 …”

Schwache Staaten S. 67-71

„… Private Military Companies“,oben S. 26 ff. Siehe auch von Trotha (Fn. 16), 263 ff., der darauf hinweist …” „… es dannauch, das mit dem Foreign Military Assistance Act von 1998 das Ende von Executive Outcomes …” „… Münkler (Fn. 30 ), 9; Ähnlich Karl Zemanek, The Prohibition to Use Force after Sixty Yearsof Abuse, in …”

Einsatz von Söldnern als Teil des Selbstverteidigungsrechts S. 304-306

„… Guerilla Forces under the Laws of War, AJIL 40(1946), 563-583, 565 f.; Luise Doswald-Beck, Private Military …”

Gewohnheitsrechtliche Entziehung von Kombattanten- und Kriegsgefangenenstatus S. 188-194

„… auf das U.S.Air Force Commander’s Handbook verwiesen wird, wenngleich die USA die ge-453 Cassese (Fn …” „… Gewährung von Kombattanten- und Kriegsgefangenenstatus nach dem U.S. Air Force Commander’s Handbook, siehe …” „… authorize the performance of any inherently Governmental military functions, such as preemptive attacks, or …”

zum Montreux Document on Pertinent International Legal Obligations and Good Practices For States Related to Operations of Private Military and Security Companies during Armed Conflict vom 17.?September 2008 S. 367-374

„… Military andSecurity Companies during Armed Conflict vom 17. September 2008PräambelDie Hohen …” „… Force and Firearms byLaw Enforcement Officials berücksichtigen, soweit ihre Regelungen aufStreitkräfte …”

PM?Cs in nicht-internationalen Konflikten S. 206-212

„… ist.554 Siehe dazu auch Chia Lehnardt, Individual Liability of Private Military Personnel …” „… for transit,transport or other operations of the above mentioned forces.3. Any person, natural or …”

Die Verantwortlichkeit der Konfliktpartei für Verstöße von PM?Cs als Teile ihrer Streitkräfte S. 213-222

„… theArmed Forces, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 40 (1991), 827-858, 842; einesolche …” „… Statesrelated to operations of private military and security companies during armed conflict vom17.9.2008, Brief …”

Zurechnungs- und Beteiligungsformen S. 222-247

„… derives from the fact of such control whether it be exercised directly, through itsarmed forces, or …” „… Regelung der Verantwortlichkeit von PMCs imMilitary Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act127. Die Befragung von …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845244891

Roman Schmidt-Radefeldt, Christine Meissler - Automatisierung und Digitalisierung des Krieges

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Roman Schmidt-Radefeldt (ed.), Christine Meissler (ed.)

Automatisierung und Digitalisierung des Krieges

Series: Forum Innere Führung

Volume 35 2012

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Charles Williamson A Perspective on the United States’ View of International Law in Cyber-Conflict S. 175-200

„… Handbook],http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/pdf/operational-law-handbook_2011.pdf, and AirForce Operations and the Law, The Judge Advocate General’s School, Maxwell Air …” „… , death, damage, anddestruction to the military forces, citizens, and property of the other …” „… force,but the U.S. intent is to conduct cyber-conflict with uniformed armed forces.bb)64 AF Ops and Law, p …”

Peter W. Singer War of the Machines: What Is The Real Story of Robotic Weaponry? S. 22-33

„… the charge into combat. Today, the U.S. Air Force,Army, and Navy lure young teenage recruits through …” „… amount of time. Formed in 1972 bya few U.S. Air Force officers and contractors in Dayton, Ohio, who had …” „… particular,that of military systems? That is, what should the field be telling its own members,and, even more …”

Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg Cyberspace – Ein völkerrechtliches Niemandsland? S. 159-175

„… ForceInvoking the Right of Self-Defense, 38 Stan.J.Int’l.L (2002), 207-241; M.N. Schmitt, CyberOperations in …” „… Use of Force, Falls Church 1999; M.N. Schmitt, Computer NetworkAttack and the Use of Force in …” „… vorstehenden Nachweisen: D.B. Silver, Computer Network Attack as a Useof Force under Article 2(4) of the United …”

Niklas Schörnig Die Automatisierung des Krieges: Eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme S. 33-60

„… westli-chen Revolution in Military Affairs, in: Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte 50/2010, S. 16-23.1 Peter …” „… /wikileaks-reveals-everybodys-christmas-list-the-world-wants-drones/, 2010, letzter Zugriff: 29.11.2010.4 J. Altmann, Military Nanotechnology. Potential applications …” „… , Our ‘All-Seeing Eye’ Sees Just Fine, Air Force Institute,http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/01 …”

Thilo Marauhn Der Einsatz von Kampfdrohnen aus völkerrechtlicher Perspektive S. 60-72

„… : Examining the Political, Moral and Social Implications,Thesis, Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base AL …” „… „revolution in military affairs“35 führen nicht nur dazu, dass derüber diese Mittel verfügende Staat einen …” „… (2005), S. 445-466.35 Statt aller T. Marauhn, The Debate About a Revolution in Military Affairs. A …”

Thomas Petermann Unbemannte Systeme als Herausforderung für Sicherheits- und Rüstungskontrollpolitik – Ergebnisse eines Projekts des Büros für Technikfolgen-Abschätzung beim Deutschen Bundestag S. 72-86

„… to Support Warfighter Needs.Report to the Subcommittee on Air and Land Forces, Committee on Armed …” „… significant pressure to mobilize their own forces, and increases the chancethat war will occur in error”.14 …” „… INF-Vertrag (Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces) und imNew START-Vertrag zwischen Russland und den Vereinigten …”

Olaf Theiler Cyber-Defence als Herausforderung für die NATO: Angemessene Bedrohungsabwehr oder Umgang mit einem ‚Scheinriesen‘? S. 130-159

„… Vergleich wohl amweitesten fortgeschrittenen IT-System deutlich: „the military’s global communi-cation …” „… potent capabilities”. National Mi-litary Strategy of the United States of America 2011, Redefining …” „… America’s Military Lead-ership. Washington D.C., 08. February 2011, S. 3.Olaf Theiler134security challenges …”

Sandro Gaycken Die vielen Plagen des Cyberwar S. 87-117

„… , September/October 2010.8 Noah Shachtman, “Under Worm Assault, Military Bans Disks, USB Drives”, in: Wired –Danger …” „… jüngsten „Technology Horizons“-Bericht der US Air Force als nicht län-ger realistisch vorgeführt – und …” „… hier nichts zu proben. Man wird nichts bemerken.10 Vgl. US Air Force “Technology Horizons …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845238227

Andreas Fischer-Lescano, Hans-Peter Gasser, Thilo Marauhn, Natalino Ronzitti - Frieden in Freiheit - Peace in liberty - Paix en liberté

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Andreas Fischer-Lescano (ed.), Hans-Peter Gasser (ed.), Thilo Marauhn (ed.), Natalino Ronzitti (ed.)

Frieden in Freiheit - Peace in liberty - Paix en liberté

2008

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Marco Sassòli Human Shields and International Humanitarian Law S. 579-590

„… its military forces and objectives,17 or simply of a lack of care for the civilian population.18 In …” „… Article 52(2) of Protocol I? Should she even have consulted the ICRC Commentary, her own forces’ military …” „… distinction, “between the civilian population and combatants and between civilian objects and military …”

Mary Ellen O’Connell Defending the Law against Preemptive Force S. 249-260

„… negotiation and economic sanctions, military force was finally used to push the Iraqi army out of Kuwait.11 …” „… had done in the war on drugs. In fact, the President intended to use military force. The first salvo …” „… Academy, he made clear “that not only will the United States impose preemptive, unilateral military force …”

Gerhard Hafner The ECHR torn between the United Nations and the States: The Behrami and Saramati Case S. 115-134

„… status of multinational military forces acting under the auspices of international organizations the …” „… recent time been carried out by collective military forces of States, authorized for this purpose by the …” „… by the intention to ensure individual’s rights against activities of the collective military forces …”

Friedhelm Krüger-Sprengel Das rechtliche Fundament Nicht-Letaler Waffen (NLW) S. 477-492

„… international concern about how NLWs might encourage military forces to violate the IHL principle of hors de …” „… military forces are properly trained, adequatly equipped and appropiately instructed to control the …” „… folgende Empfehlung: “ …… 3. States should ensure that the military forces are properly trained …”

Yoram Dinstein Comments on the UK Manual of the Law of Armed Conflict S. 387-402

„… forces/administration/establishments/lines of communication (see comment on the fourth sentence). The third Geneva exception is the need "to …” „… security of the Occupying Power (including its forces/administration/establishments/lines of communication …” „… military experts and has been eagerly looked forward to by practitioners and scholars all over the world …”

David P. Forsythe The United States and International Humanitarian Law S. 421-428

„… military recruiting and assignment. In its various wars between 1949 and 2000 the United States compiled …” „… now know that the U.S. military sometimes committed massacres, sometimes firing into ostensibly …” „… approach to military detention and interrogation. In particular, from about 1966 the United States agreed …”

Daniel-Erasmus Khan At the Edge of an „Inadvertent War“ – The 2007 British-Iranian Incident in the Shatt-al-Arab Annotated S. 155-168

„… from warmongering rhetorics, the flexing of (military) muscles and similar acts susceptible of …” „… resolved after a failed US-military rescue operation, resulting in the death of 8 US military personnel …” „… by overhasty recourse to military or other coercive options to this end. Thus, even if we will …”

Natalino Ronzitti The Proliferation Security Initiative and International Law S. 281-296

„… force. While it is obvious that a SC resolution is a valid plea if it authorises interdiction or other …” „… measures short of force, this is not the case of resolution 1540 or the above quoted resolutions against …” „… measure may be taken against a civil aircraft. It is open to question whether a military aircraft may be …”

Jost Delbrück Protecting National Security against Terrorism in Open Societies – A Political, Constitutional and Ethical Dilemma S. 53-62

„… military force regardless of whether there are only kidnappers on board or also the crew and other …” „… the repressive forces of restoration, then by totalitarian communist and fascist regimes. Due to …” „… procedures, and even preventive military actions. In addition, the set of these kinds of antiterrorism …”

Laurence Boisson de Chazournes, Danio Campanelli The United Nations Compensation Commission: Time for an Assessment? S. 13-30

„… occupation of Kuwait and subsequently organizing an unprecedented military operation to force Iraqi troops …” „… , at that time, the Iraqi military operations against Kuwait and the war between Iraq and the …” „… duty to compensate damage caused by the violation of the prohibition of the use of force”6. In …”

Dieter Fleck Law Enforcement and the Conduct of Hostilities: Two Supplementing or Mutually Excluding Legal Paradigms? S. 403-420

„… military operations in various scenarios. Some have even suggested that a ‘unified use of force rule’ had …” „… military or police conduct, as any unnecessary use of force would discredit the operation and thus weaken …” „… , 65. 39 Yoram Dinstein, ‘Military Necessity’, III EPIL, 395–397 [395]. Fleck 402 force …”

Christian Tomuschat Pacta sunt servanda S. 1059-1078

„… contain a denunciation clause, the conventional regime continues in force. Under a bilateral treaty, each …” „… the requisite standards their own armed forces or their own civilians will also be deprived of the …” „… treaties follows a different logic, the logic of constitutionalism. As a consequence, the binding force of …”

Hanspeter Neuhold The International Community and „Rogue States“ S. 227-248

„… the UN forces lacked the necessary military resources. Consequently, a new type of mission was …” „… developed which could be called “enforcement by consent”. The military balance between the local forces and …” „… insisted that no military force be used against Kim Jong-il’s regime. In the preamble to the Resolution …”

Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg Manoeuvring in Rough Waters: The UK Manual of the Law of Armed Conflict and the Law of Naval Warfare S. 439-456

„… manuals or instructions for their naval armed forces.2 Surprisingly, there is an increasing number of both …” „… the general manual of the German armed forces see: The Federal Ministry of Defence of the Federal …” „… meet the necessities of modern operations, as e.g. maritime interception operations or non-military …”

Heike Spieker The Conduct of Hostilities and the Protection of the Environment S. 753-780

„… binding force of these provisions, both in state practice as in academia, the international community’s …” „… International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977; 1125 U.N.T.S. 3; entry into force: 7 December 1978. 5 …” „… Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques, 10 …”

Yves Sandoz Mondialisation, société civile et action humanitaire S. 563-578

„… contextes où des forces armées sont déployées sans commandement strict et rigoureux. Comment éviter que la …” „… intervenir par la force quand des actions humanitaires indispensables ne peuvent pas se déployer, soit …” „… promesse de mettre des forces à disposition, mais la deuxième étant encore nécessaire au Secrétaire …”

Theodor Schweisfurth The United Nation's Peacebuilding Commission's First Year S. 309-344

„… and was initially composed of existing AMIB forces and consisted of a maximum of 5.650 military …” „… to an attack by junta forces ECOMOG launched a military attack on the junta which culminated in the …” „… enforcement and peacekeeping forces may be essential in terminating conflicts but are not sufficient for …”

Rainer Hofmann International Protection of Human Rights and International Territorial Administration: A Legal Black Hole S. 135-154

„… conditions, German military and police forces are allowed, from a German constitutional law point of view …” „… and Republic (Serbian) military, police and paramilitary forces; demilitarizing the Kosovo Liberation …” „… Nations Forces, in: Bernhardt (ed.), Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Vol. IV, 2000, 1106. See …”

Thilo Marauhn The Silent Thread: Explosive Remnants of War S. 205-216

„… force”, European journal of international law, vol. 17, no. 5, 2006, 921-943. 6 K. Krause/O …” „… /). Marauhn 195 signed at The Hague on 18 October 19078. In force since 26 January 1910, there are 29 States …” „… Convention entered into force on 26 March 1975, and there are 155 States parties to it12. Article I of …”

Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedov The End of Contractual Disarmament? S. 345-350

„… the Rush-Bagot Agreement relating to naval forces on the American Great Lakes of 1817. That Agreement …” „… territorial restrictions on military activities. Why then the crisis or even the end of contractual …” „… came into force. As of the time of writing of this chapter the future of the Treaty on Conventional …”

Lothar Brock Von der „humanitären Intervention“ zur „Responsibility to Protect“ – Kriegserfahrung und Völkerrechtsentwicklung seit dem Ende des Ost-West-Konflikts S. 31-44

„… Responsibility to Protect and the Use of Military Force. Presentation to Seminar on International Use of Force …” „… wenn man sich von dem Motto leiten lässt: „If there is one thing worse than using military force when …” „… we shouldn`t, it’s not using military force when we should“.47 Wenn man sich an diesem Motto …”

Alain Pellet Le recours à la force, le droit et la légitimité – Notes sur les problèmes posés par le principe de l’interdiction du recours à la force armée en cas de carence du Conseil de sécurité S. 261-280

„… Military Force”, German YBIL, vol. 45, 2002, p. 33 ; v. aussi A. Anghie, “The Bush Administration …” „… Le recours à la force, le droit et la légitimité Notes sur les problèmes posés par le principe de …” „… l’interdiction du recours à la force armée en cas de carence du Conseil de sécurité Alain Pellet …”

Sabine von Schorlemer “Women in Progress?” The Relevance of Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) S. 1155-1170

„… military decision-making about the use (or non-use) of force. Thus, masculinist ways of thinking …” „… , according to which men are equated with military forces, may easily be perpetuated.81 The situation …” „… specific needs of diverse target groups. Military and security forces as well as leaders at both the local …”

Bibliographie Michael Bothe S. 1265-1290

„… Limits on the Use of Military Force, S. 195-208 (mit Andreas Fischer-Lescano); Has Article 2(4) Survived …” „… Spread of Military Technology, Amsterdam 1992, S. 221-233. • The Legitimacy of the Use of Force to …” „… Implementation, S. 1-16. • Redefining Sovereignty. The Use of Force after the Cold War (Hrsg. mit Mary Ellen …”

Stelios Perrakis De la réparation des victimes des violations du droit international humanitaire et l'affaire des „réparations de guerre allemandes“ en Grèce – Essai de synthèse et quelques considérations S. 535-562

„… personnes faisant partie de sa force armée ». • l’art. 91 du Premier Protocole Additionnel de Genève de …” „… » de « la Partie au conflit tenue à indemnité pour les actes commis par ses forces armées ». 11. En …” „… le cas de recours à la force en violation de l’art. 2 §4 de la Charte des Nations Unies. Sous un …”

Ruth Lapidoth The legal effect of Security Council Resolution 1701 (2006) on cessation of hostilities in Lebanon S. 199-204

„… that the forces of Israel should withdraw "at the earliest". ∗ The author wishes to express her …” „… Hizbollah of all attacks and the immediate cessation by Israel of all offensive military operations". The …” „… Council called upon Lebanon and UNIFIL to deploy their forces throughout the South, and called upon …”

Astrid Epiney Zur Rechtsfigur des de facto-Organs im Recht der Staatenverantwortlichkeit S. 895-908

„… equipping of such forces and involving also participation in the planning and supervision of military …” „… , Ziff. 86 ff. (Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua); ICTY, IT-94-1, Trial …” „… . 103 ff. (Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua). Epiney 889 …”

Autoren der Festschrift S. 1291-1298

„… , International Society for Military Law and the Law of War; (391-407) Flessner, Axel; Dr.iur., LL.M. Prof. i.R …” „… Public Law, European Community Law and International Law at the University of the Federal Armed Forces …”

Elzbieta Mikos-Skuza The International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission: An Awakening Beauty? S. 493-504

„… (especially instruction to the armed forces), translation of relevant international instruments, training of …” „… qualified personnel, appointment of legal advisers in armed forces, establishment of national committees on …” „… subjects, above all by members of their armed forces. As in case of individual responsibility, it is an ex …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845209593

Ebrahim Afsah, Heinz-Gerhard Justenhoven - Das internationale Engagement in Afghanistan in der Sackgasse?

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Ebrahim Afsah (ed.), Heinz-Gerhard Justenhoven (ed.)

Das internationale Engagement in Afghanistan in der Sackgasse?

Series: Beiträge zur Friedensethik

Volume 45 2011

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Fouzieh Melanie Alamir The International Approach to Afghanistan. Could We Have Done Better? S. 11-27

„… October 2006, ISAF took over command of the international military forces in Eastern Afghanistan from the …” „… by opposing military forces anymore. This has been the most concrete formulation of international …” „… binding civilian and military resources for almost a decade now without a foreseeable exit. It has long …”

Mohammad Homayon Hashimi Human Rights Situation and International Forces. An Afghan NGO-Perspective S. 28-35

„… military forces in Afghanistan are influenced by three aspects: First of all the historical dimension of …” „… th century. Secondly the opinion of Afghan people about the presence of international military forces …” „… differences. People still think that the international military forces are in their country to help them, and …”

August Pradetto Zivil-militärische Zusammenarbeit im Kontext post-bipolarer westlicher Weltordnungspolitik am Beispiel der Afghanistan-Mission S. 123-145

„… , Christopher (Hg.): Armed Forces, Soldiers and Civil-Military Relations. Essays in Honor of Jürgen Kuhlmann …” „… Jahren ist die so genannte zivil-militärische Zusammenarbeit (ZMZ oder auch civil-military …” „… Interpretationsspielraum dessen, was CIMIC bedeutet, einengt. Alle CIMIC-Doktrinen definieren »Civil-Military Liaison …”

Daniele Riggio NATO’s long-term Commitment to lasting Security in Afghanistan S. 36-43

„… Assistance Force (ISAF), the rationale for our presence in Afghanistan remains unchanged. The Atlantic …” „… civilian-military effort aimed at the following objectives: – prevent that Afghanistan becomes, again, the …” „… been comparable to that of an »economy of force effort«.3 Gen. Petraeus’ remarks were based against the …”

Ebrahim Afsah The Challenge of Civil Service Reform: The Elusive Goal of Governance S. 146-170

„… military-political elites. From the inception in late 2001 of the latest phase of international involvement in the …” „… emanating from their country.5 Thus the military and civilian intervention is justified with reference to …” „… precipitated United States military intervention and subsequent international involvement, the one thing on …”

Udo Steinbach Iran as a Partner for a Solution to the Afghanistan Conflict? S. 171-178

„… , supported fundamentalist Islamic forces operating in Afghanistan. As this era came to an end in 1988/1989 …” „… leading force in the Gulf area as well. For the first time, Iran was completely encircled by the US …” „… . Chatami had intended after 2001, came to a halt. By 2004 oppositional forces within Iran, who were …”

Hans-Georg Ehrhart, Roland Kästner Aufstandsbekämpfung: Konzept für deutsche Sicherheitspolitik? Lehren aus Afghanistan S. 103-122

„… [07.02.2011]. Burghardt, Tom (2009): Military Escalation and Obama's "War on Terrorism". US Officials …” „… H. (2010): Shaping Afghan National Security Forces. What It Will Take To Implement President Obama …” „… _Shaping_Afghan_National_Security_Forces.pdf [07.02.2011]. Dorronsoro, Gilles (2009): The Taliban’s Winning Strategy in Afghanistan. Hg. v …”

Wolfgang Lienemann Recht und Gewalt. Grundlagen und Grenzen völkerrechtlich zulässiger Gewaltanwendung im Blick auf den Militäreinsatz in Afghanistan S. 55-85

„… Force (ISAF) ab Januar 2002 nach Afghanistan entsandt,43 nachdem der Deutsche Bundestag am 22. Dezember …” „… Regulation of Private Security and Military Contractors. In: Sicherheit und Frieden, 26, 185-219. Bundeswehr …” „… . In: Daalder, Ivo H. (Hg.): Beyond Preemption. Force and Legitimacy in a Changing World. Washington …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845231457

Karl W. Haltiner, Gerhard Kümmel - Wozu Armeen? - Europas Streitkräfte vor neuen Aufgaben

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Karl W. Haltiner (ed.), Gerhard Kümmel (ed.)

Wozu Armeen? - Europas Streitkräfte vor neuen Aufgaben

Series: Militär und Sozialwissenschaften | The Military and Social Research

Volume 41 2008

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René Moelker The Dutch Approach and the Expeditionary Formula S. 133-145

„… intelligence allows the security forces (military, paramilitary, and police) to use force against the …” „… and they do not need colonies to be an economic and military superpower. When forced, the US will …” „… , declared the hearts and minds operation as the key success factor in reaching the military, political and …”

Gerhard Kümmel Der Widerspenstigen Zähmung? Private Sicherheits- und Militärunternehmen und ihre Steuerung am Beispiel der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika S. 109-132

„… , Adrian (1999): The Privatization of Military Force: Economic Virtues, Vices and Government …” „… zugleich auch der Umsatz steigt. Military Provider Firms übernehmen direkte militärische Implementations …” „… Kampfgeschehen werden. Military & Security Consultant Firms bieten Beratungs- und Trainingsdienstleistungen an …”

Ines-Jacqueline Werkner Strukturwandel der Streitkräfte in Europa S. 57-79

„… dem Besitz von Nuklearwaffen, seiner force de frappe. Auch gegenwärtig sind diese Länder sehr aktiv …” „… Sociology of the Military, New York: Kluwer. Doorn, Jacques van (1976): Der Niedergang der Massenarmee …” „… Forces & Society, 25: 1, 7–36. Haltiner, Karl W. (1998b): Mass Armies in Western Europe. In: Vlachová …”

Paul Klein Multinationalität als Herausforderung und Chance für die Streitkräfte S. 97-109

„… ). Bedingt durch seinen Status als NATO High Readiness Forces Headquarters sind in das Hauptquartier des …” „… . Auch die im Aufbau befindliche NATO Response Force (NRF) stützt sich in ihren Führungs- und …” „… Force 150’. Was die Luftwaffe anbelangt, so existieren in der NATO gemeinsame operative Planungs- und …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845208879

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