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Anja Schoeller-Schletter - Constitutional Review in the Middle East and North Africa

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Anja Schoeller-Schletter (ed.)

Constitutional Review in the Middle East and North Africa

Series: Nahoststudien. Middle Eastern Studies

Volume 4 2021

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Salma Waheedi Islamic Sharia in the Legal Orders of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait S. 307-328

„… Islamic Sharia in the Legal Orders of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait Salma Waheedi Abstract This chapter …” „… to any pre-determined uniform outcomes, nor does it exclude secular law from the legal order. Even in …” „… outcomes, nor does it exclude secular law from the legal order. Even in Saudi Arabia, where the Basic Law …”

Fawaz Almutairi The Extent of the Authority of the Constitutional Court of Kuwait to Annul an Elected Parliament: The Cases of the 2012 Parliaments S. 229-258

„… do with any parliamentary actions. The legal access to the Constitutional Court to examine the …” „… , whether in relation to invalid legal procedures that vitiated the electoral process, or in relation to the …” „… electoral process in terms of the constitutional and legal basis, which allows it to intervene. In this …”

Angelika Nußberger, Rike Sinder The Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights on Sharia Law S. 345-376

„… the Contracting States to create a particular legal framework in order to grant religious communities …” „… that the European legal space embraces Islam and sharia. Not only is it a majority religion in some of …” „… . European Court of Human Rights on Sharia Law 347 law and criminal procedure, its rules on the legal status …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… Islamic Sharia in the Legal Orders of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait 307 Salma Waheedi The Changing …” „… Role of Religious Law in the Constitutional OrderPart IV: Religious References in the Constitutions of …”

Salma Waheedi Guarantees and Challenges of Judicial Independence: The Constitutional Courts of Kuwait and Bahrain as Case Studies S. 61-76

„… as Case Studies Salma Waheedi Abstract This chapter examines the constitutional and legal framing of …” „… constitutional and legal systems but also to diverge in their legislation and the different ways in which …” „… political decision-makers use legal tools to exert indirect influence on judicial composition and outcomes …”

Nathalie Bernard-Maugiron Religious References in the Constitutions of the Arab World: Islamization of the Constitution or Constitutionalization of Religion? S. 271-290

„… the Arab world and claims that their impact on the political and legal orders of these countries …” „… the legal order. All of them, though, are exercised under the close supervision of the secular elites …” „… who control their impact on the political and legal internal orders of these countries. Islam and the …”

Fawaz Almutairi The Kuwaiti Constitutional Court and its Role in Protecting the Fundamental Liberties S. 137-160

„… Constitutional Court does not have the right to issue direct orders to various authorities, but it can, by …” „… corporeal lawsuits in which the dispute is directed to challenge legislative texts in order to reach a …” „… plea of unconstitutionality is a part of public order7. Article 4 (Para, B) of the Constitutional Court …”

Rainer Grote The Changing Constitutional Framework of Church-State Relations in Europe S. 329-344

„… legal order is in line with the main provisions of international law and the principles contained in …” „… Germany in the Reformation era or in France following the Revolution, in other countries its legal …” „… the individual right to religious freedom than the legal position of the different denominations …”

Sufian Obeidat The Independence of Constitutional Judges: The Case of Jordan S. 47-60

„… review history is followed by a detailed description of the constitutional and legal organization of the …” „… order to achieve a significant advancement towards constitutionalism. Introduction The selection and …” „… such appointments. Therefore, in order to understand the factors that determine the level of …”

Adel Omar Sherif The Allocation of Power between Religious and Secular Authorities in Egypt S. 291-306

„… centered on the proper relationship between the legal order devised by human beings and that derived from …” „… King, to their side, and even to position him as a God himself in order for him to gain the support of …” „… transparency of the law and order would be guaranteed and maintained. Who decides the law in Muslim communities …”

Anja Schoeller-Schletter, Robert Poll Constitutional Courts and Councils in the Middle East and North Africa: Basic Facts and Figures S. 377-402

„… possible, the data was checked by members of the respective institutions or legal experts from the country …” „… Council / الدستوري المجلس Organization Established: 1989 (predecessor 1963-1965) Legal Basis: Constitution …” „… . practice 15 years; higher education of legal sciences, magistracy, lawyer at Supreme Court, Council of …”

Laith K. Nasrawin Challenging the Validity of Membership of the House of Representatives in Jordan S. 259-270

„… Abstract This chapter aims to analyze the legal means available to challenge the validity of membership in …” „… chapter deals with the legal implications of applying both the legitimacy and constitutional scrutiny with …” „… their votes first, and then to challenge the outcome of the election using all legal methods available …”

Francesco Biagi Constitutional Review after the Arab Spring: Reforms, Challenges and Perspectives S. 161-188

„… particular by the head of state), and were not usually required to have any legal background in order to be …” „… more effectively compared to the past. In order to do so, I shall first briefly identify the reasons …” „… courts and councils will have to face in order to fulfill their role of guardians of the constitution …”

Francesco Biagi Constitutional Review in Algeria Following the 2016 Reform: With Particular Reference to the “Exception of Unconstitutionality” S. 93-118

„… decisions of unconstitutionality on political institutions and the legal order as a whole (as, for example …” „… order to better understand the relevance and scope of the exception of unconstitutionality mechanism …” „… order to better understand the relevance and scope of the exception of unconstitutionality mechanism …”

Anja Schoeller-Schletter Mapping Constitutional Review in the Middle East and North Africa: Historic Developments and Comparative Remarks S. 11-32

„… Law & Courts in the Constitutional Order”; Workshop held at Villa La Collina. 4. Kuwait City, Kuwait …” „… laws, and • Role of religion and religious law in the constitutional order. Each part of the book is …” „… developments, legal traditions, and the models for constitutional review In most countries of the Middle East …”

Nizar Saghieh Lebanon’s Constitutional Council: Access Blocked to Protect the Consensus System? S. 119-136

„… this relative closure as an indicator of the level of development of Lebanon’s legal system and expect …” „… war-protagonists from legal liability for all crimes committed beforehand, it excluded several crimes, the most …” „… Lebanese State Serve?” The Legal Agenda 32, October 2015, in Arabic under the title “Li-Man/Didd Man Yanbid …”

Gertrude Lübbe-Wolff Integrating or Polarising? How to Promote Integrative Decision-Making in Constitutional Courts S. 189-208

„… establishing (“constituting”) the political entity for which they provide the basic legal framework, but also …” „… departed from previous doctrine in order to adapt to transnational case-law; see, for recent adaptations to …” „… striking differences – all the more striking since it is the court which does not operate under a legal …”

Yussef Auf Judicial Review of Elections: The Egyptian Experience S. 209-228

„… legitimate or not, or to approve the results of an election. Based on the legal framework that governs the …” „… authorities and erga omnes.” Considering the legal effect of the SCC decisions, the Court’s decision in 1987 …” „… proposing two solutions. The first was to change the SCC competency, by amending its law, in order to limit …”

Rainer Grote Constitutional Courts and Supreme Courts: A Difficult Relationship S. 77-92

„… courts. Introduction Constitutional courts are not established in a legal vacuum. The determination of …” „… in their fundamental rights by a judicial decision or order the right to appeal directly to the …” „… constitutional law, and in particular fundamental rights, have permeated all branches of the legal system …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748912019

- International and European Criminal Law

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Helmut Satzger

International and European Criminal Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2012

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. The Principles of Criminal Jurisdiction and their Implementation in National Legal Orders S. 49-79

„… Implementationin National Legal OrdersContents:I. Competence to Determine the Territorial Scope of Application …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121b) Application in various national legal orders …” „… Implementation in National Legal Orders13Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-59478-6/3d/06_B.3d …”

. The Influence of European Law on Domestic Substantive Criminal Law S. 97-145

„… structure.objectivenational legal order(with several fields of law)Example: A national administrative provision according to …” „… be found in § X and art. 1of the EU regulation read together.EU-legal orderGerman legal …” „… undesirableconsequence may be depicted as follows:EU-legal orderGerman legal …”

. The Application of National Criminal Law to Cases with International Elements S. 44-48

„… legal order,2 referred to as “international criminal law”, “transnational criminal law”3 or possibly …” „… casePrivateInternational Lawcollision solutionGerman legalorderlegal order 2 legal order 3facts of the case§§ 3 et seq …” „… 15:17:013B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmne bis in idem principle recognised in the legal orders of …”

. The Implementation of the ICC-Statute into National Law – The German Solution in Particular S. 314-331

„… Statute into their national legal orders. This is especially peculiar due to thespecific way the Statute …” „… immediatelyapplicable within the German legal order. The reason for this is that the rankassigned by art. 25 GG to …” „… compared to other legal orders.5130 These partly contradictory requirements – the comprehensive inclusion …”

. Criminal Law Enforcement in Europe S. 146-179

„… establish any order of prioritybetween those different legal instruments. The second question was whether or …” „… law.120 Ithas also been codified in art. 50 CFR.74 Even if the legal orders of the Member States as …” „… bis in idem principle is limited to internal effect within therespective legal order. Art. 103 III GG …”

. The European Convention on Human Rights S. 180-215

„… […] take appropriate stepswithin its internal legal framework in order to safeguard the lives of those …” „… . Otherwise, the defence couldnot appropriately propose motions to take evidence in order to take legal …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101. The ECHR in Different Legal Systems …”

. The General Part of International Criminal Law S. 253-281

„… sources of law into a strict hierarchical order,which can be illustrated in the following way:4 Especially …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43c) Superior orders …” „… some points I will refer toprovisions and legal concepts of the general part of the German StGB, to …”

. The International Criminal Court (ICC) S. 235-252

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59X. Evaluation in Terms of Legal Policy …” „… prosecution and to establish an effective and impartial legal instance at aninternational level …” „… ” ofstates consisting of the USA, China, Iraq, Israel, Yemen, Qatar and Libya.4The prerequisite for the legal …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-37

„… Jurisdiction and their Implementation in National LegalOrders 12I. Competence to Determine the Territorial …” „… ................................................................................... 20b) Implementation of the nationality principle in various national legal orders 214. The Protective …” „… ................................................................................... 38b) Application in various national legal orders …”

. Supranational Criminal Law S. 85-96

„… at a loss of assets but atother adverse legal consequences, such as the withdrawal of authorisations …” „… “General Part”11 for the sanctionsmentioned above. It enumerates, inter alia, the possible legal …” „… where primary law refers to nationalcriminal law. There are several legal norms which require the Member …”

. Terminology of “International Criminal Law” S. 39-43

„… in different legal orders. Used inits broadest sense, the term “International Criminal Law” could be …” „… European Union” is still nascent.7In a broader sense, every legal rule of the European legal order with …” „… legal order is to be applied. These problems had to be addressed by aspecific interlocal criminal law …”

Index S. 332-339

„… Assistance in the enforcement of decisions– in the law of mutual legal assistance 2 5– regarding enforcement …” „… order, European 8 40Enslavement 14 43Environmental criminal law– influence of EU law on ~ 7 103 …” „… , 32, 37– interpretation of the ~ 9 19– legal status in the Member States 9 8 et seq.– principle of …”

. Special Part of International Criminal Law S. 282-313

„… were frequentlythrown into a tributary of the Nile in order to “send them back to their place oforigin …” „… legal interests are protected by art. 6 ICCSt.12 In thefirst instance, the criminalisation of genocide …” „… , racial, religiousor ethnic group. Additionally, individual legal interests, in particular the …”

. General Introduction to International Criminal Law S. 216-221

„… purpose of protecting legal interests4.Therefore, the legitimacy and the need for such an international …” „… criminal law ensuefrom the existence of certain legal interests to which not only individuals or …” „… supranational legal interests cannot solely be left to the nationalstates. It may well be that national legal …”

. Basic Principles and Issues of European Criminal Law S. 80-84

„… definition, the result is thoroughly positive:4First of all, there are legal provisions that impose sanctions …” „… implemented into national law in order to become effective inthe Member States5 (see in more detail § 5 para …” „… criminal law in order to protect its own interests. Since theEuropean Community could not itself establish …”

. History of International Criminal Law S. 222-234

„… motives of international policy”. It was thus designed rather as a politicalthan a legal instrument. The …” „… the main features ofAnglo-American criminal procedural law, substantial impulses from legal systemson …” „… legal sanctions provided for by art. 27 ofthe Statute were the death penalty or any other punishment …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845236186

Matthias Rossi - Die Europäische Dienstleistungsrichtlinie und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Rechtsordnungen Italiens und

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Matthias Rossi (ed.)

Die Europäische Dienstleistungsrichtlinie und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Rechtsordnungen Italiens und

Series: Augsburger Rechtsstudien

Volume 71 2012

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Christian Hufen The approval fiction in Article 13 Par. 4 Services Directive in German Administrative Procedural Law S. 73-90

„… , violations of legal standards of the domestic legal orders and even the development of an area immune of law …” „… debris within the legal order.21 Yet, with § 42a Law of Administrative Proceedings an approval fiction …” „… . Though, the national legislators were required to conduct a screening of their legal orders in order to …”

Isabella Risini The Approval Fiction in the EU-Services Directive and its Implementation in German and Italian Administrative Law S. 11-30

„… Italy. I will first provide some background information about the Italian legal order. Subsequently, I …” „… and German Legal Orders in Augsburg. I also extend my thanks to Christian Hufen for the smooth …” „… Legal Order In Germany, the approval fiction is located in § 42a VwVfG and entered into force on 18 …”

Anselmo Barone, Paolo Pasqualis The European Directive on Services and the Notarial Profession in Italy S. 91-98

„… Directive in consideration of the particular nature of this profession which, within legal systems that …” „… professional who is compelled to keep the original deeds in legal custody, as a public records office; 5. is …” „… assistance to the parties involved, in order to contribute to a reduction in the workload of the courts …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-6

„… Directive – Impacts on the Italian and German Legal Orders Nomos BUT_Rossi_7634-7.indd 3 09.05.12 …”

Vera Parisio “Bolkestein” Directive, tacit consent, D.I.A. (S.C.I.A.) in the administrative procedure S. 57-72

„… Italian legal system. * Prof.ssa Vera Parisio is full Professor of administrative law at the Faculty of …” „… being analyzed here, find their basis of authorization in two legal institutions, which are D.I.A …” „… the Italian legal system by law No. 241 of 7 August 1990 on general regulation of the administrative …”

Peter Kindler The Influence of the Services Directive on German-Italian Private-Law Relations S. 43-56

„… disclosure requirements according to the First Company Law Directive, under which letters and order forms …” „… private international law is how to determine the applicable substantive law for certain legal …” „… Certain Legal Aspects of Information Society Services, in particular Electronic Commerce, in the Internal …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845241869

Henning Jessen, Michael Jürgen Werner - EU Maritime Transport Law

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Henning Jessen (ed.), Michael Jürgen Werner (ed.)

EU Maritime Transport Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2016

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Henning Jessen, Alexander Block III. Seafarers’ Rights and Maritime Employment Contracts in the EU Legal Order S. 249-292

„… III. Seafarers’ Rights and Maritime Employment Contracts in the EU Legal Order Henning …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Seafarers’ Rights and Maritime Employment Contracts in the EU Legal Order Henning Jessen/Alexander …” „… Legal Order Henning Jessen/Alexander Block 237 13 14 15 In 1994, a first Council Directive was adopted …”

Henning Jessen XIV. Commentary on Regulation (EU) 2015/757 on the Monitoring, Reporting and Verification of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Maritime Transport S. 1078-1116

„… Agency (EMSA).75 In order to ensure impartiality, verifiers have to be independent and competent legal …” „… .), Climate Change and Environmental Hazards Related to Shipping – An International Legal Framework (2013 …” „… Politics?, pp. 35, in: Schelin (ed.), Shipping & Environment – A Legal Perspective (2014); Shi, Greenhouse …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-18

„… ........................................II. 193 Melis Özdel Seafarers’ Rights and Maritime Employment Contracts in the EU Legal Order ..III …” „… Hart Publishing, 16C Worcester Place, Oxford, OXI 2JW, United Kingdom, email: orders@isbs.com Published …” „… , 930 NE 58th Avenue, Suite 300, Portland, OR 97213-3786, USA, email: orders@isbs.com BUT_Jessen …”

Alexandros Ntovas II. Commentary on Regulation EC/725/2004 on Enhancing Ship and Port Facility Security S. 1130-1208

„… ISPS Code in the Legal International Regime for the Security of International Shipping”, (2003) 3 WMU …” „… Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 amending the 1936 Merchant Marine Act in order to establish a …” „… management activity” and therefore in order to determine what security measures are appropriate, an …”

Michael Jürgen Werner IV. Commentary on the Community Guidelines on State Aid to Maritime Transport and Regulation 3094/95 on Aid to Shipbuilding S. 360-388

„… Asia. In order to ease the situation on the worldwide ship market and to define a set of permissible …” „… ) 'related entity' shall mean any natural or legal person who: (i) owns or controls a shipbuilder; or (ii) is …” „… are, in particular: – payments to workers made redundant or retired before legal retirement age, – the …”

Christine Wersel VI. Commentary on Regulation EC/1177/2010 Concerning the Rights of Passengers when Travelling by Sea and Inland Waterway S. 408-490

„… enforced in order to guarantee respect for the privacy of natural and legal persons, and to ensure that the …” „… legal basis is set out in Articles 71 (Transport) and 80 (transport on sea and inland waterways) of the …” „… , but without affecting other legal acts of the Union, such as Council Regulation (EEC) No 4056/86 of 22 …”

Orestis Schinas II. Commentary on Directive 1999/32/EC as regards the sulphur content of marine fuels, as amended by Directive 2012/33/EC S. 607-652

„… Union Directives when implementing them into the national legal framework, then this is a case of gold …” „… after to 1/1/2015 6 Regulation 14 of MARPOL VI requires a study to be completed by 2018in order to …” „… Regulation 14 of MARPOL VI requires a study to be completed by 2018in order to determine the availability of …”

Henning Jessen VII. Commentary on Regulation EC/391/2009 on Common Rules and Standards for Ship Inspection and Survey Organisations and Directive 2009/15/EC on Common Rules and Standards for Ship Inspection and Survey Organisations and for the Relevant Activities of Maritime Administrations S. 731-873

„… the following commentary section. Additionally, the case law of different legal orders might support …” „… few case law available discussing the liability of classification societies, but the UK legal order as …” „… well as US law provide some good case studies. For examples of other legal orders, there is, e.g., only …”

Henning Jessen VI. Commentary on Directive 2005/35/EC on ship-source pollution and on the introduction of penalties, including criminal penalties, for pollution offences (as amended by Directive 2009/123/EC) S. 685-730

„… (private) legal personality as recognised under the legal order of any EU Member State. The legal …” „… Articles 4 and 5 of the Directive. In “Intertanko”, the court categorized UNCLOS as part of the legal order …” „… supplemented with more legal arguments in order to establish a stronger case that the discharge standards of …”

Sara Vatankhah X. Commentary on Directive 2009/18/EC Establishing the Fundamental Principles Governing the Investigation of Accidents in the Maritime Transport Sector S. 955-1032

„… should be preserved.18 In order to clarify the legal scope of EU regulations on inquiries into marine …” „… , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 B. International Legal Framework for Marine Accident Investigations . . . . 6 1. Definition of …” „… . Rostocker Gespräch zum Seerecht, Baden-Baden 1997, pp. 45-56; Axel Luttenberger/Serdjo Kos, Improving Legal …”

Michael Jürgen Werner III. Application of EU Competition Rules to Maritime Sector – Commentary on the Liner Shipping Consortium Block Exemption Regulation No. 697/2014 (Regulation 906/2009) S. 340-359

„… Literature: EU Legal Acts Council Regulation (EEC) No 4056/86 of 22 December 1986 laying down detailed rules …” „… out the legal base for the liner shipping block exemptions. Through Regulation 246/2009, the Council …” „… legal certainty than a block exemption due to the diversity of consortia arrangements.16 It was …”

Antonios Politis VII. Regulation (EC) No 392/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the liability of carriers of passengers by sea in the event of accidents S. 491-583

„… Community legal order when the Community accedes to the Athens Convention. (12) For the purposes of this …” „… States’ hierarchical order had been subject to extensive legal debate: First, it was unclear whether the …” „… international agreements extends to the Member States’ internal legal order, regardless if they are themselves …”

Henning Jessen XIII. Commentary on Regulation 530/2012/EU of Double-Hull or Equivalent Design Requirements for Single-Hull Oil Tankers S. 1052-1077

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3. Article 3 – Legal Definitions …” „… A. Preliminary Remarks and Introduction Regulation (EU) 530/2012 marks the final point of legal …” „… steps at the EU level aimed at phasing-out single-hull oil tankers ultimately and without any legal …”

Henning Jessen II. EU Law and Inland Waterway Transportation S. 66-94

„… purposes in any legal order. Necessarily, states will have to tie this kind of categorization (or …” „… national legal orders might be a little bit stricter on this. For example, § 426 of the German Commercial …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 C. The Legal Framework of Inland Waterway Transport in Europe . . . . . . . . 16 1. Classifying …”

Melis Özdel I. The EU and the Carriage of Goods by Sea under Private Law and EU Regulation S. 95-210

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Melis Özdel 77 D. The Legal Functions of Transport Documents in Sea Carriage Conventions …” „… Participation and Legal Reform in the International Maritime Rulemaking Process: From the Hague Rules to the …” „… interpretation of the rules, the scope of application of the sea carriage conventions, the legal functions of …”

Robert Coleman, Henning Jessen I. Maritime Transportation General Introduction S. 19-65

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 b) The Vital Role of the Court of Justice of the European Union . . . 13 c) Legal Instruments …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 a) Legal Bases …” „… evolution of the legal instruments applicable. With the explicit approval of the original author, those …”

Robert Coleman, Henning Jessen I. Introduction S. 1117-1129

„… Coleman/Henning Jessen A. Security of Maritime Transport and Port Infrastructure Within the EU 1 B. Legal Bases …” „… and Armed Robbery on Sea – The Legal Framework for Counter-Piracy Operations in Somalia and the Gulf …” „… Code in the Legal International Regime, WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs 2003, pp. 17; Michel, War …”

Melis Özdel II. Maritime Confict of Laws and Jurisdiction S. 211-248

„… legal landscape related to the enforcement of arbitration and exclusive jurisdiction clauses in shipping …” „… years have seen “torpedo actions” in which recalcitrant parties seise a court first in order to defeat …” „… actions would appear to be the divergence between the views taken by different legal systems on one …”

Robert Coleman, Henning Jessen I. Introduction S. 293-315

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4. Key Legal Issues for Maritime Transport and Other Services Within the EU …” „… which it has been regularly applied.16 Key Legal Issues for Maritime Transport and Other Services Within …” „… the EU Turning to substantive legal issues, since 2008, all maritime transport services are subject to …”

Robert Coleman, Henning Jessen I. Introduction S. 584-606

„… : Emerging Challenges for the Law of the Sea – Legal Implications and Liabilities (2013); Güner-Özbek, The …” „… International Legal Regime for Offshore Accidental Pollution Prevention, Preparedness, and Response, Ocean …” „… the general introduction to this Commentary.4 The result of this profound economic, legal and …”

Michael Pimm XI. Commentary on Directive 2009/20/EC on the Insurance of Shipowners for Maritime Claims S. 1033-1040

„… incidents such as collisions can be attributed to the vessels involved and this legal fiction is enshrined …” „… Notably the Admiralty “in rem” procedures of common law countries deriving their legal systems from …” „… expulsion order to the ship which shall be notified to the Commission, the other Member States and the flag …”

Michael Pimm VIII. Commentary on Directive 2009/16/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on Port State Control S. 874-919

„… Union Legal Measures in Response to the Oil Pollution of the Sea, Tulane Maritime Law Journal 2004 (vol …” „… Change and Environmental Hazards Related to Shipping: An International Legal Framework (2012); Ringbom …” „… shipowners with their legal obligations in matters relating to safety, pollution and employment conditions …”

Orestis Schinas V. Commentary on Regulation EC/782/2003 on the Prohibition of Organotin Compounds on Ships S. 667-684

„… convention is similar to that of other IMO conventions. The articles determine the legal and contractual …” „… conventions. The articles determine the legal and contractual provisions as well as the principal technical …” „… purchase order or contract linking the identified AFS with the ship to which it is be (or has been) applied …”

Timo Noftz V. Regulation (EC) No 789/2004 on the transfer of cargo and passenger ships between registers within the Community S. 389-407

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Literature: EU legal acts: Regulation (EC) No 789/2004 of the European Parliament and of the …” „… transport services between Member States and between Member States and third countries. In order to …” „… 2(a). (7) In order to ensure a prompt and informed decision by the Member State of the receiving …”

Michael Jürgen Werner IX. Directive 2002/59/EC establishing a Community vessel traffic monitoring and information system and repealing Council Directive 93/75/EEC S. 920-954

„… general rules of Article 4 and 13 when incorporating the text of the Directive into their own legal order …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Literature: EU legal acts: Council Directive of 21 December 1978 concerning minimum requirements …” „… maritime accident means the guidelines as annexed to resolution LEG. 3(91) of the IMO Legal Committee of 27 …”

Marian Paschke II. Commentary on Regulation EEC/3577/92/EC Applying the Principle of Freedom to Provide Services to Maritime Transport within Member States S. 316-339

„… also registered in Euros once that register is approved; Whereas in order to avoid distortion of …” „… obligations for the shipowners concerned may be justified in order to ensure the adequacy of regular transport …” „… States in order to meet up with protectionist trade measures. The Regulation puts into effect the …”

Thomas Brinkmann III. Commentary on Directive 2000/59/EC of 27 November 2000 on Port Reception Facilities for Ship-Generated Waste and Cargo Residues S. 653-663

„… - argued that the legal and commercial structure of the multitude of ports 7 Jarzembowski, Grünbuch der …” „… Port Services". In order to remove existing trade barriers the Commission proposed to combine issues of …” „… which essentially with a different legal and commercial structure. 9 See Heitmann, Staatliche Beihilfen …”

Mateusz Bek III. Commentary on Directive 2005/65/EC on Enhancing Port SecurityFor an extensive account of literature relevant to the subject of port security, see Chapter 5, II. S. 1209-1258

„… was thought that a directive would be the most appropriate legal instrument to introduce the required …” „… in the face of threats of security incidents. Article 1(2) outlines the measures required in order to …” „… considered by the Commission of the European Communities to be necessary in order to provide the Member …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845271873

Kris Grimonprez - The European Union and Education for Democratic Citizenship

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Kris Grimonprez

The European Union and Education for Democratic Citizenship

Series: Luxemburger Juristische Studien - Luxembourg Legal Studies

Volume 20 2020

Results in this title

Weaker modes of reception of exogenic norms in the EU legal order S. 233-291

„… Weaker modes of reception of exogenic norms in the EU legal order Incorporation of the substantive …” „… fields, the Council of Europe and the EU legal order are connected by well-functioning tracks and smaller …” „… reception in the EU legal order, more nuanced forms thus come to the fore. Principles or definitions from …”

Stronger modes of reception of exogenic norms in the EU legal order S. 191-232

„… Stronger modes of reception of exogenic norms in the EU legal order Accession of the EU to …” „… conventions is the highway via which exogenic norms enter the EU legal order. International agreements which …” „… Treaties or, consequently, the autonomy of the EU legal order, observance of which is ensured by the Court …”

Effects of the Charter on EDC/HRE in the Council of Europe legal order S. 109-178

„… Effects of the Charter on EDC/HRE in the Council of Europe legal order Perspectives for assessing …” „… Europe legal order are assessed, firstly, in the light of the case law of the ECtHR (sections A and B …” „… Effects of the Charter on EDC/HRE in the Council of Europe legal order 110 argument will first be …”

Introduction S. 27-60

„… a common legal order which became an integral part of their domestic legal orders. The principle of …” „… Member State body must ensure the full effectiveness in the national legal order of rights derived from …” „… ‘law’ as legal order, legal system, jurisprudence or legal culture. 19 Hofmann, Rowe and Türk …”

The EU dimension based on other EU rights and obligations S. 507-586

„… law—essential features of the EU legal order—underscore in general how EU law provides binding additional …” „… responsibilities of EU citizens. The EU legal order also impacts on third country nationals. They derive rights and …” „… take the EU dimension into account, based on the EU’s autonomous legal order. Citizens should know the …”

Objective, critical and pluralistic EU learning S. 321-380

„… reception of exogenic norms in the EU legal order—red line not to be crossed—was prejudice to the …” „… on 1 December 2009,1095 creating a new legal order. The three foundational documents resulting from …” „… constitutional features of the EU legal order); Gormley, ‘Brexit - Never Mind the Whys and Wherefores? Fog in the …”

Bibliography S. 709-807

„… October 2018 laying down the legal framework of the European Solidarity Corps and amending Regulation (EU …” „… September 2007 on institutional and legal implications of the use of 'soft law' instruments [2008] OJ C187E …” „… Commission v Poland, Order of the Court Case C-441/17 R ECLI:EU:C:2017:877 Commission v Poland Case C‑441/17 …”

Introduction: The schema of modes of reception of exogenic norms S. 181-190

„… Europe standards on EDC in the EU legal order? Whereas Part one concerned the Council of Europe legal …” „… EU legal order. EU citizenship and the associated rights are set out in the EU Treaties and the …” „… law, a binding instrument in the EU legal order with the same legal value as the Treaties …”

Conclusion to Part two S. 291-294

„… and effects of the Charter on EDC/HRE in the EU legal order? The answer is that the Charter on EDC/HRE …” „… reception (mode 6). At all times, reception has to respect the autonomy of the EU legal order (the red line …” „… reception of EDC standards in the EU legal order is fragmented but convincing. As a complement to their …”

Summary and general conclusion S. 689-698

„… in-depth analysis of the legal status of such norms in the EU legal order. This analytical 2459 §§ 5 6 …” „… Council of Europe legal order. Here it is concluded that the EDC concept and principles of the Charter on …” „… second step is taken in Part two (Parts two, three, and four concern the EU legal order), in essence to …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-26

„… mapping of the different modes of reception of exogenic legal norms in the EU legal order. Similarly …” „… Council of Europe legal order1. 73 Concept and principles of Education for Democratic Citizenship (EDC) 2 …” „… Europe legal order CHAPTER 2 109 Relevance for the interpretation of ECHR provisionsA 109 Limitation of …”

Introduction: Relevance of Council of Europe norms on education for the EU and its Member States S. 61-72

„… two assesses the effects of the Charter in the Council of Europe legal order through an analysis of …” „… norms in their domestic legal orders. Each member state must accept the principles of the rule of law …” „… General of the Council of Europe observed: 20 123 For the CoE legal order, see Pinto de Albuquerque …”

The Charter on Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights Education (EDC/HRE) S. 73-108

„… substance Legal status within the Council of Europe legal order Terminology—endogenic and exogenic norms The …” „… ‘legal order’ of the Council of Europe is the composite of valid legal norms based on the Statute of the …” „… ‘an autonomous legal order’, and describe the Statute as ‘constitutional’.156 The expression ‘legal …”

Conclusion to Part one S. 178-180

„… legal order. It can fulfil an interpretative function as a common European standard of great weight and …” „… account within their domestic legal order. As a substantive source, the Charter is attractive in various …” „… . The Recommendation on the Charter on EDC/HRE is part of the legal order of the Council of …”

Conferral of competence to the EU S. 595-646

„… competences in the EC legal order’ (2006) 31 ELRev 167, 183: complementary competences associated with the …” „… , second, fourth and fifth aims.2095 Thus, in the EU legal order, providing for the EU dimension of EDC in …” „… understand what ‘quality education’ means in the EU legal order, normative instruments at UN level (section 1 …”

Conclusion to Part three S. 586-588

„… perspective. While the schema of modes of reception of exogenic norms in the EU legal order has clarified how …” „… EDC standards of the Council of Europe produce effects in the EU legal order, the red line has to be …” „… Legal Values in Europe’s Bailouts” (2015) 35 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 325’ (2015) 35 Oxford …”

Introduction: Criteria for determing content for the EU dimension S. 295-320

„… text. Further i.a. K Lenaerts, ‘Interlocking Legal Orders in the European Union and Comparative Law …” „… in the EU legal order in Part two.1052 (i) Additional content In national EDC, pupils (supposedly …” „… clear from Part two, applying the EDC standards of the Council of Europe in the EU legal order must at …”

The EU dimension based on classic EU citizenship rights S. 381-464

„… secondary law constitute an autonomous legal order. Accordingly, an autonomous EU dimension must be added to …” „… therefore desirable in order to get the (legal) facts straight. To the extent that 1450 See cognitive …” „… of the Union’ refers both to the legal status of all nationals of Member States (Articles 9 TEU, 20 …”

Subsidiarity, proportionality and Member State action S. 647-686

„… competences in the EC legal order’, 183: not ‘fully’; the limits in education such as the prohibition of …” „… EU Treaties’ in The Principle of Subsidiarity and its Enforcement in the EU Legal Order: The Role of …” „… Subsidiarity has already been taken into account in the very definition of the EU’s competences in the legal …”

The EU dimension based on democratic participation rights in Title II TEU S. 465-506

„… actors in the EU composite legal order through the institutional framework (European Council, Council …” „… that underpin the EU legal order, it is coherent with principles and rules of EU law, and it is …” „… rights in the EU integrated administrative system (Luxembourg Legal Studies 7, Nomos 2015). Also Hofmann …”

Introduction: Actors S. 589-594

„… in the legal sense: who is authorised to regulate the EU dimension of EDC and on what legal basis …” „… dimension of EDC in mainstream education. Therefore, in order to understand to what extent the EU is …” „… competent to support the EU dimension of EDC in the Member States, three aspects of the legal basis for EU …”

Annexes S. 699-708

„… , political, social, economic, legal and cultural spheres of society, while human rights education is …” „… nonformal and informal education, and accordingly need opportunities and support in order to make this …” „… rights education in these curricula in order to ensure their relevance and encourage the sustainability …”

Conclusion to Part four S. 686-688

„… order to contribute to the development of quality education, to the European dimension in education and …” „… education.’2458 Today, Articles 165 and 166 TFEU would give him a sound legal basis for action to empower EU …”

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