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Agnieszka Aleksandra Murawska (Nowakowska) - Administrative Anti-Fraud Measures within the European Union

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Agnieszka Aleksandra Murawska (Nowakowska)

Administrative Anti-Fraud Measures within the European Union

2008

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Commission Draft Directive of 23 May 2001 on protection of EU funds under criminal law S. 193-194

„… draft Directive.859 In the view of the Commission,many of the reasons for which it proposed a draft …” „… Article 280 EC Treaty, and in effectthe amendments were withdrawn from the draft. 2.3 Commission Draft …” „… Directive of 23 May 2001 on protection of EU funds under criminal lawHaving failed to amend the Treaty …”

The Community budget S. 27-37

„… projects financed by the EU budget via internalpolicies in: European Commission »European Union Public …” „… CommissionRegulation (EC) No. 39/2004 (OJ L 6, 10.01.2004, p. 16), Commission Regulation (EC)No. 478/2006 of 23 March …” „… the Community against fraud. To this end theyshall organize, with the help of the Commission, close …”

Articles S. 207-214

„… fight against fraud in the European Commission, London 2000Van den Wynagaert, Christina (ed.), Criminal …” „… Judicial Inquiries in the EU, Antwerpen/Oxford 2005Vogler, Theo (ed.), Festschrift für Hans-Heinrich …” „… , Christine, The Protection of the Financial Interests of the EU in the CandidateStates. Perspectives on the …”

Complaint to the European Union Civil Service Tribunal according to Article 236 EC Treaty in conjunction with Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 and Article 90 of the Staff Regulations S. 180-182

„… action against Commission/OLAF actions was launched before the EU CST on 10 August 2006.815 The applicant …” „… submitted to the EU CST, by Antonello Violetti andother officials, was brought against the Commission of the …” „… hearing, as well as the breach of the Commission’sduty of confidentiality, having allowed journalists to …”

Green Paper on criminal-law protection of the financial interests of the Community S. 194-195

„… , proportionate and dissuasive.860Moreover, the Commission indicated that the PFI instruments, which werebased on …” „… . Accordingly, the Commission repeatedly mentioned the need to reconsider the proposal for the Directive on …” „… Green Paper on criminal-law protection of the financial interests of the CommunityThe Commission also …”

Primary law instruments S. 66-70

„… Article 280 EC Treaty. The recent judgment Commission of the EC v Councilof the EU of 13 September 2004248 …” „… organise close co-operation with the Commissionto combat fraud.241 For this purpose, the Commission set up …” „… acknowledged the supporting and subordinate role ofthe Commission231, which has subsequently published a …”

Constitutional Treaty S. 195-197

„… large-scale fraud within EU867, to criticisms that expressed doubts about the need for the new body (from most …” „… Community’sfinancial interests and the establishment of a European Prosecutor took place on 16-17.09.2002; Commission …” „… /02/1315.867 Commission Press Release of 19.03.2003 »Public consultation confirms need for actionby the …”

Third-Pillar instruments aimed at harmonisation of Member State law S. 79-82

„… consequences of the judgment of the Court of 13 September2005 (C-176/03 Commission/Council) (2006/200(INI …” „… insufficient follow-up by the Commission and OLAF.2923. Third-Pillar instruments aimed at harmonisation of …” „… Commission v Council, which approved the competence of the Community toimpose criminal sanctions in the …”

Other financial resources S. 37-38

„… contributions for employees of EU institutions, costs for premises, material, subsidies for establishments, and …” „… participation in events of interest to theEC.771.1.2.6 Other expendituresThe budget of the EU includes other …” „… interventions through the rapid reaction facility, more in: European Commission »European Union Public Finance …”

Books S. 205-207

„… .), Kommentar zum EU-Vertrag und EG-Vertrag, 2thedition, Neuwied 2002Groeben, Hans von der/Thiesing …” „… , Jochen/Ehlermann, Claus-Dieter (eds.), Kommentar zum EU-/EG-Vertrag, vol. 1-5, 5th edition, Baden-Baden 1997 …” „… Schwarze, Jürgen (ed.), EU-Kommentar, 1sth edition, Baden-Baden 2000Smit, Hans/Herzog, Peter (eds.), The …”

Action for damages (Article 288 EC Treaty) S. 176-179

„… in the performance of their duties«. Actions for damages can be broughtby EU citizens, companies …” „… based in the EU or Member States, any of which couldinvoke this provision to claim compensation for …” „… Jean-JacquesGoupil v Commission of the European Communities [2000] ECR I-5291, paragraph 42.787 Case C-132/00 P …”

Appendix G. Press releases S. 249

„… 249Appendix G. Press releasesCommission press release of 23.05.2001, »Commission wants EU money …” „… /02/1315Commission Press Release of 18.10.2002, »The fight against fraud: Major EU measure entersinto force …” „… in its internal investigative functions relating to the European institutions«Commission Press …”

The Immunities and Privileges S. 135-137

„… investigations was a new achievement after the fraud case within the Santer Commission. However, this competence …” „… Office (OLAF) (presented by the Commission),24.05.2006, COM(2006) 244.604 See e.g.: OLAF press release of …” „… initiatedcriminal proceedings can carry out an investigation on EU premises. For that purpose, it is necessary to …”

Irregularities S. 39-41

„… ,? mis-application of a legally obtained benefit, with the same effect«.3. IrregularitiesThe European Commission used …” „… . Haekkerup, Nick »Controls and Sanctions in the EU law«, Copenhagen 2001, p. 28.40The scope of the concept of …” „… own resources, MemberStates are obliged to send the Commission a description of cases of fraud and …”

Protection of financial interests in the Treaty of Maastricht S. 65-66

„… resignation of the European Commission«,House of Commons Research Paper 99/32 of 16 March 1999, p. 1-24 (p. 3 …” „… 65cern about the ambiguity of the position of UCLAF within the Commission222,criticising its …” „… improving theend result«.224 When the CIE report was published on 15 March 1999, it condemned the Commission …”

Commentaries S. 205

„… .), Kommentar zum EU-Vertrag und EG-Vertrag, 2thedition, Neuwied 2002Groeben, Hans von der/Thiesing …” „… , Jochen/Ehlermann, Claus-Dieter (eds.), Kommentar zum EU-/EG-Vertrag, vol. 1-5, 5th edition, Baden-Baden 1997 …” „… Schwarze, Jürgen (ed.), EU-Kommentar, 1sth edition, Baden-Baden 2000Smit, Hans/Herzog, Peter (eds.), The …”

Rights to be protected S. 121-135

„… of this right, as well as the obligations of the Commission.The applicants, which had come under OLAF …” „… Commission of the European Communties, [2000] FP-IA 263 and ECR II-1211.122thermore, the person affected by …” „… been acknowledged by the jurisprudence of the ECJ. In Imperial Chemical Industries v Commission525, it …”

Other documents and materials S. 234-235

„… available ateu.int/comm/dgs/personnel_administration/statut/tocen100.pdf> Rules of Procedure …” „… between the European Parliament, the Council andthe Commission on budgetary discipline and improvement of …” „… 1999 between the European Parliament,the Council and the Commission on budgetary discipline and …”

Administrative penalties S. 88-92

„… v Commission of the European Communities, [1992] ECR I-5383.350 Council Regulation (EEC) No. 2262/84 …” „… (EC) 2988/95.356 Commission Regulation (EEC) No. 3887/92 of 23 December 1992 laying down detailedrules …” „… 391, 31.12.1992, p. 36; amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No.1648/95 of 6 July 1995 amending …”

Legislative proposals S. 233-234

„… 233Communication from the Commission, Vice-President Kinnock to the Commission, »How toenhance …” „… ), 151/2 Communication from the Commission on measures to be taken to combat terrorism and otherforms of …” „… serious crime, in particular to improve exchanges of information, adopted by theCommission on 29.03.2004 …”

The European Parliament S. 155-156

„… EC Treaty, the European Parliament has political oversight of the Commission.684 Within the European …” „… .686 Pursuant to this provision, the Parliament may request the Commission to give evidence with regard …” „… discharge to theCommission, or for any other purpose in connection with the exercise of its powers over the …”

The European Court of Auditors S. 156-159

„… (predecessor of OLAF). It covered issues such as the Commission’sorganisation of the fight against fraud, the …” „… written questions to the Commission, which should be answeredby OLAF, if the questions concern the areas …” „… Court of AuditorsThe European Court of Auditors has been called a ‘financial conscience’ of theEU689 and …”

Draft Article 280a EC Treaty S. 191-193

„… Communication from the Commission of 29 September 2000, additional Commissioncontribution to the …” „… draft Directive.859 In the view of the Commission,many of the reasons for which it proposed a draft …” „… complaint from the Commission […]«. Itdoes not, however, address the position of the whistleblower, his …”

The Director-General of OLAF S. 95-98

„… orders or instructions.387The Director-General of OLAF is competent to exercise the Commission’spowers …” „… – founded suspicion of internal corruption in the Commission;see: Special Report of the Court of Auditors No …” „… created by the Commission Decision 1999/352 of 28 April 1999.378 This decision was based on provisions …”

Informants S. 140-141

„… . 723/2004626 and entered into force on 1 May 2004. Rules concerning the staff of the European Commission were …” „… also included inthe Commission Decision on raising concerns about serious wrongdoings of 4April 2002627 …” „… the legal framework exclusively concerning them.624 See Commission Communication from Vice-President …”

Officials of the Member States S. 41-42

„… sufficient coverage of the threats to the financialinterests of the EU, it is necessary to begin by examining …” „… judicial proceedings. In this context, as long as the judicial procedure has not ended, the Commission is …” „… Communities’ own resources; Commission Decision of 20 March 1997 laying downthe arrangements for the …”

Admissibility of the complaint S. 166-170

„… effektivenRechtsschutzes im Recht der Europäischen Gemeinschaft; Zur Verbesserung des Individualrechtsschutzes vor dem Eu …” „… Grau v Commission of the European Communities, judgment of 6.04.2006, paragraph 47; Case 60/81 …” „… International Business Machines Corporation v Commission of the European Communities [1981] ECR 2639, paragraph …”

Corpus Juris S. 188-191

„… 34(2)d EU Treaty. Such a convention would have the status of amultilateral convention (like any other …” „… pillar of theEU. On the other hand, if one takes the point of view that the fight against fraudis, or …” „… European Commission, by contrast,remains of the opinion that the new provisions dealing with the protection …”

Preparation for accession S. 184-186

„… 11 November 1996 concerning on-the-spot checksand inspections carried out by the Commission in order …” „… accession required commitment of several EU institutions,including OLAF.The main role of OLAF consisted of …” „… Office in the process of EU-enlargement«, AGON 2001, No. 31, p.8-14, (p. 10 et seq.).826 See Press …”

Articles S. 218-226

„… – Grundsätzliche Reformen sind unerlässlich, Wiesbaden 1968Wilkens, Herbert, Osterweiterung der EU, Berlin 2002II …” „… , Fundamental Rights in the EU, CLJ 1996, p. 409Ammann, Gunter Weitere Überlegungen zur …” „… . 280Arnold, Rainer, Vereinheitlichung des Verwaltungsverfahrensrechts in der EG, EuR 1995, Beiheft I, p …”

Legal protection before the national courts S. 175-176

„… allowed to check the decisions of the European Commission or the activities of OLAF. However, it is …” „… submitsuch cases to the ECJ, see Koch, Robert »Zu Vorlagepflicht nationaler Gerichte an denEuGH in Verfahren …” „… in the performance of their duties«. Actions for damages can be broughtby EU citizens, companies …”

Conclusions and prospects S. 93-94

„… mechanisms with a serious deterrent effect could be the creation of an EU-wide debarment system …” „… Community financial interests.375 Thelegal basis for establishing an EU-wide debarment list can be found …” „… the EU budget) and 280 EC Treaty (fight against fraud). The main legal problems that arise in this …”

Communications S. 232-233

„… the Council and of the Commission (EC, EURATOM)No. 2005/833 of 4 November 2005 appointing the members …” „… resolution on the Commission report on the evaluation of the activities ofthe European Anti-Fraud Office …” „… from the Commission »Fraud in the transit procedure, solutions foreseen andperspectives for the future …”

Historical development of anti-fraud mechanisms within the EC S. 62-63

„… databases on the Commission’son-going investigations into suspected fraud (pre-IRENE) and on cases …” „… fraud cases against the Community budget in the1960s, the Commission began to establish supervisory and …” „… . During the 1970s, the Commission sought to adopt common rules on the protection of the Communities …”

Appendix H. Internet sources S. 250

„… Anti-Fraud Officehttp://ec.europa.eu/dgs/olaf/European Commission http://ec.europa.eu …” „… /index_en.htmEuropean Community courts http://curia.europa.eu/Press releases of the …” „… ECJhttp://curia.europa.eu/en/actu/communiques/index.htmECA http://www.eca.europa.eu/index_en.htmEuropean Parliament …”

Reports of the European Parliament S. 238-239

„… Court of 13 September 2005 (C-176/03 Commission/Council) (2006/200(INI)), 8.05.2006, A6-0172/2006, RR …” „… ), together with the Commission’s replies, pursuant to the second subparagraph ofArticle 248(4) of the EC …” „… , Mismanagement and Nepotism in the European Commission, 15 March 1999Committee of Independent Experts, Second …”

Irregularities detrimental to the revenues S. 44-46

„… economic operators importing goodsinto the EU. Irregularities and fraud in this particular field occur when …” „… -276/97, Commission of the European Communities v French Republic, [2000] ECR I-6251; C-358/97, Commission …” „… of the European Communities v Ireland, [2000] ECR I-6301;C-359/97, Commission of the European …”

General remarks S. 188

„… 34(2)d EU Treaty. Such a convention would have the status of amultilateral convention (like any other …” „… pillar of theEU. On the other hand, if one takes the point of view that the fight against fraudis, or …” „… European Commission, by contrast,remains of the opinion that the new provisions dealing with the protection …”

Criminal penalties S. 92-93

„… mechanisms with a serious deterrent effect could be the creation of an EU-wide debarment system …” „… Community financial interests.375 Thelegal basis for establishing an EU-wide debarment list can be found …” „… the EU budget) and 280 EC Treaty (fight against fraud). The main legal problems that arise in this …”

UCLAF and the protection of the financial interests of the EC S. 63-65

„… information gathering.UCLAF was also responsible for the creation of databases on the Commission’son-going …” „… resignation of the European Commission«,House of Commons Research Paper 99/32 of 16 March 1999, p. 1-24 (p. 3 …” „… 1987, the European Commission proposed the establishment ofanti-fraud cells within each department of …”

Reporting obligations S. 49-51

„… this phenomenon.Although the Commission prepares and publishes annual reports on the fightagainst fraud …” „… Commission since 1991.133 See Commission Annual Report 1995, p. 6, reference in Gemmel, Heiko, op. cit., p …” „… Argarsektor –Maßnahmen zum Schutz der finanziellen Interessen der EU«, EuR 2002, p. 122; Böse,Martin »Strafen …”

EC Decisions S. 230-232

„… . 40Commission Regulation (EC) No. 2035/2005 of 12 December 2005 amending Regulation (EC)No. 1681/94 …” „… Commission Regulation (EC) No. 2168/2005 of 23 December 2005 amending Regulation (EC)No. 1831/94 concerning …” „… organisation of an information system inthis field, OJ L 345, 28.12.2005, p. 15Commission Regulation (EC) No …”

Outcome of Ombudsman’s inquiries S. 161-164

„… important issue of principle, affecting the trust of citizens in the EU institutions and bodies.721In …” „… acknowledged that under the circumstances (especiallyregarding an on-going Commission investigation into the …” „… with respect to complaint 1579/2002/IJH against the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) and theCommission …”

Official secrecy S. 137-138

„… 137munity for Commissioners in fraud cases.612 Moreover, national judicial authorities are …” „… the Commission on theinvestigations conducted by the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF). The MEPsargued …” „… heldalthough ex-Commissioner Cresson acted in breach of her obligations as a European Commissioner, it …”

Secondary law instruments S. 70-79

„… and the Commission)The Interinstitutional Agreement was signed by the European Parliament, theCouncil …” „… consequences of the judgment of the Court of 13 September2005 (C-176/03 Commission/Council) (2006/200(INI …” „… pillar could be shifted to the first pillar basedon Article 280 EC Treaty. The recent judgment Commission …”

Conclusion S. 60-61

„… der EU«, EuZW1995, p. 193.196 See Sieber, Ulrich »Bekämpfung des EG-Betrugs und Perspektiven der …” „… described e.g. in the Commission Report of 7 January 2004 on the followup of traditional own resources in …” „… acknowledged by the Commission, see European Community »Preventionof Frauds against the Agricultural Fund …”

Institutional obstacles S. 59-60

„… finances.191 Although the European Commission isresponsible for monitoring the budget expenditure, about 80 …” „… how to administer and oversee EU programs within their territory.192 TheMember States are also …” „… der EU«, EuZW1995, p. 193.196 See Sieber, Ulrich »Bekämpfung des EG-Betrugs und Perspektiven der …”

General remarks S. 118-119

„… , p. 454; See also Alston, Philip/Weiler J.H.H.»An EU Human Rights Policy« in Alston, Philipp (ed …” „… .) »The EU and human rights«,Oxford 1999, p. 17.501 See OLAF Manual, l.c., p. 156-160.502 See Article 7a …” „… , in the view of the Commission and the Member States criminalproceedings are an exclusive matter of …”

External investigations S. 102-111

„… the Council, EP andthe Commission of 25 May 1999 with additional legal acts to the …” „… of the pos-417 OLAF represents the Commission in the following »comitology« Committees/workinggroups …” „… November 1996 concerning onthe-spot checks and inspections carried out by the Commission in order to …”

Principle of proportionality S. 113-114

„… between the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union and the Commission of the European …” „… . 15.471 Case C-11/00, Commission of the European Communities v European Central Bank,[2003] ECR I-07147 …” „… ; Case C-15/00, Commission of the European Communities v European Investment Bank, [2003] ECR I-07281 …”

Books S. 215-218

„… , Arbeitspapier 98/11 des Instituts für Volkswirtschaft der Universität Linz 1998Betten, Lammy/Grief, Nicolas, EU …” „… und Europäische Integration, Tübingen 1996Dauses, Manfred, Handbuch des EU – Wirtschaftsrechts, 8th …” „… Sanktionen in der EU, Tagungsband der 8. Jahrestagungdes Europäischen Forums für Außenwirtschaft, …”

Supervisory Committee S. 98-99

„… shall be appointed by common accord of the EP,the Council and the Commission for a three-year term …” „… See Decision of the European Parliament, of the Council and of the Commission (EC,EURATOM) No …” „… : Rosalind Wright(Chairman of the Fraud Advisory Panel, UK), Kálmán Györgyi (Commissioner for theCodification …”

Charter of fundamental rights S. 200-201

„… binding part891 See Article 4a of the draft Commission Decision amending the Commission Decision1999/352 …” „… , 24.05.2006. SEC(2006) 638, COM(2006) 244.892 See Article 5 and 6 of the preliminary draft: Commission …” „… websiteeu/code/pdf/en/code2005_en.pdf>.201of the primary law. Moreover, the Charter will enable the EU to accede to the …”

Legal obstacles S. 55-59

„… . 258.184 See Communication from the Commission of 29 September 2000, additional Commissioncontribution to …” „… , Cambridge2004, p. 3.165 More details on the issues specific to terrorist financing in: Commission …” „… Office(OLAF) is hampered by differences in the rules governing prosecutions in each177 the European Commission …”

Rule of law S. 114-115

„… Commission DG in line with the sectoral rules. Thus, OLAF has toensure that there is no overlap with …” „… principle that has to be respected is the principle of rule of law, which iscontained in Article 6(1) EU …” „… Bereich der Betrugsbekämpfung«,EuZW 1998, p. 44.477 In connection with Article 7 ECHR.478 Tridimas, T …”

ECJ S. 171-175

„… for failure to act has been launched tothe European Community courts against OLAF/Commission. In …” „… necessary concerning any of the pending756 See case C-107/91 Empresa Nacional de Urânio SA v Commission …” „… und Ernährung[1996] ECR I-6065, paragraph 59; see also .758 Case C-15/70, Chevalley v Commission …”

Complaint to the Director-General according to Article 90(2) of the Statute S. 179-180

„… complete independence, evenin its dealings with the European Commission« and with »the principles of …” „… they are limited to cases involving members of staffof the EU institutions.5.2 Complaint to the …” „… (EU CST) was established by Council Decision805 in order to implement Articles 220806 and 225a807 of …”

Enlargement and acquis communautaire with regard to protection of EC financial interests against fraud S. 183-184

„… 16 billion. The population of the new EU has increased from 379 to 453million, and the Community …” „… «, SüddeutscheZeitung of 10.04.2004, »Mehr Betrug nach EU-Erweiterung«, Neue Krone-Zeitung of11.04.2004, »Brüsseler …” „… . just in theyear 2001, eu.int/comm/budget/pdf/budget/syntchif2001/pdf>, see alsoFarkas …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-18

„… Article 280a EC Treaty 1912.3 Commission Draft Directive of 23 May 2001 on protection of EU funds under …” „… 722.2.2 Legislation creating OLAF (Commission Decision 1999/352) 732.2.3 Procedural rules (Council …” „… (Interinstitutional Agreement between the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission) 742.2.5 Sectoral …”

Officials of the European Communities S. 42-43

„… used to promote criticismand scepticism vis-à-vis the EU.98 See Streinz, Rudolf »Probleme des …” „… gemeinschaftsrechtlichenSanktions- und Vollstreckungssystems«, JZ 1994, p. 332.101 Case C-68/88, Commission of the European …” „… , Special Report No. 8/98 concerning the Commission departments specifically involved in the fight against …”

Background S. 95

„… created by the Commission Decision 1999/352 of 28 April 1999.378 This decision was based on provisions …” „… concerning theCommission’s organisational autonomy (Article 218 EC Treaty, Article 16 ECCSand Article 131 EAC …” „… ). From an organisational perspective, OLAF remains an office within the Commission’s structure, with the …”

Council documents S. 233

„… 233Communication from the Commission, Vice-President Kinnock to the Commission, »How toenhance …” „… ), 151/2 Communication from the Commission on measures to be taken to combat terrorism and otherforms of …” „… serious crime, in particular to improve exchanges of information, adopted by theCommission on 29.03.2004 …”

Irregularities detrimental to the expenditures S. 46-48

„… when a good-quality product is exported from the EU, attracting a high rate of subsidy. The same …” „… . »Kontrollen des OLAF in Deutschland«, l.c., p. 25; Zenner, Alain, Strategies of the EU and the US in combating …” „… .125 See Commission Annual Report 2004 on the Protection of the financial interests of theCommunities …”

Cases before the EU Civil Service Tribunal S. 247-248

„… 247III. Cases before the EU Civil Service TribunalCase T-29/03 Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía v …” „… Commission [2004] ECR II-2923, Order of 13 July 2004Case T-309/03 Camós Grau v Commission of the European …” „… Commission of the European Communities, judgment of 6 July 2006, OJ C 212, 2.9.2006, p. 27Case T-193/04 …”

EC Resolutions S. 232

„… the Council and of the Commission (EC, EURATOM)No. 2005/833 of 4 November 2005 appointing the members …” „… resolution on the Commission report on the evaluation of the activities ofthe European Anti-Fraud Office …” „… from the Commission »Fraud in the transit procedure, solutions foreseen andperspectives for the future …”

Appendix E. List of parliamentary questions S. 240

„… website of the European Parliament eu.int>.E-2905/04 written question by Paul van …” „… Buitenen (Verts/ALE) to the Commission, 18.11.2004E-3572/05 written question by Ashley Mote (NI) to the …” „… Commission, 12.10.2005 P-2674/01 written question by Raffaele Costa (PPE-DE) to the Commission, 24.09.2001 E …”

Reports of the Committee of Independent Experts S. 238

„… Court of 13 September 2005 (C-176/03 Commission/Council) (2006/200(INI)), 8.05.2006, A6-0172/2006, RR …” „… ), together with the Commission’s replies, pursuant to the second subparagraph ofArticle 248(4) of the EC …” „… , Mismanagement and Nepotism in the European Commission, 15 March 1999Committee of Independent Experts, Second …”

Judgments of the Court of First Instance S. 245-247

„… & Co. KG v Hauptzollamt Hamburg-Jonas, [2002] ECR I-6453Case C-275/00 Commission of the European …” „… Communities v First NV, Franex NV, [2002] ECR I-10943Case C-312/00 Commission of the European Communities v …” „… , [2001] ECR I-1461Case C-344/01 Federal Republic of Germany v Commission of the European Communities …”

Conclusions S. 202-204

„… development. OLAF has enabled EU-wide investigations in cross-border cases detrimental to the financial …” „… Statesof the EU. OLAF still lacks trust among other EC institutions, and this is especially visible with …” „… protection of financial interests of the EU.The studies on the Corpus Juris produced a positive effect …”

Reports of the European Court of Auditors S. 237-238

„… Court of 13 September 2005 (C-176/03 Commission/Council) (2006/200(INI)), 8.05.2006, A6-0172/2006, RR …” „… 2002Supervisory Committee Opinion No. 2/03 accompanying the Commission’s report; Evaluationof the …” „… AuditorsSpecial Report No. 8/1998 on the Commission’s services specifically involved in the fight againstfraud …”

Accountability mechanism – OLAF reports S. 153-154

„… . Under Article 280(5) EC Treaty, the European Commission must submit an annual report to the European …” „… provision. In reference to thisobligation of the Commission, OLAF drafts an Annual Report on the …” „… European Parliament, theCouncil, the Commission and the Court of Auditors on the findings of investigations …”

Assessment by the Supervisory Committee S. 99-101

„… concerned (e.g. the Commission)if the investigation should »reveal that a member, manager, official or other …” „… in the list of reports attached to this dissertation. 401 Article 6 of the Commission decision of 28 …” „… at eu/dgs/olaf/directory/org_chart/en.pdf>.404 Importance of this issue was also …”

Impact of the review of OLAF investigations by the European Ombudsman S. 164-165

„… against the EuropeanAnti-Fraud Office (OLAF) and the Commission, 23 July 2003, available at …” „… eu.int/ombudsman/decision/en/021579.htm>.727 See also: Cadeddu, Simone »The Proceedings of the European Ombudsman«, LCP 2004 …” „… complaints for failure to act under Article 232 ECTreaty. These actions may be used by EU citizens and can be …”

Draft Commission Decision amending its Decision (1999/352/EC, ECSC, EURATOM) of 28 April 1999 establishing the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) S. 199-200

„… should be clarified.3.2 Draft Commission Decision amending its Decision (1999/352/EC, ECSC, EURATOM) of …” „… amendments were included in the draft Commission Decision amendingits Decision (1999/352/EC, ECSC, EURATOM …” „… binding part891 See Article 4a of the draft Commission Decision amending the Commission Decision1999/352 …”

Rights granted to whistleblowers S. 147-150

„… , the rules applicable for the staff of theEuropean Commission660 introduced an explicit provision that …” „… the European Commission. It isevident that the legal value of these provisions is different, but …” „… Commission of 4 August 2003.661 Administrative Guide of the European Commission of 4 August 2003.662 Case T …”

Legal character of OLAF investigations S. 119-121

„… , in the view of the Commission and the Member States criminalproceedings are an exclusive matter of …” „… Europäischen Gemeinschaft«,l.c., p. 150.508 See Orkem v Commission [1989] ECR 3283, 3284; Otto BV v Postbank NV …” „… [1993] ECR I-5707, EuZW 1993, p. 766.509 OLAF Manual, l.c., p. 59.510 Poelemans, Maiténa »La sanction …”

Fraud S. 38-39

„… European Commission and the European Investment Bank.In its judgment in the case Commission v European …” „… the same effect«.3. IrregularitiesThe European Commission used the concept of irregularities for the …” „… »Controls and Sanctions in the EU law«, Copenhagen 2001, p. 28. …”

Reform of Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 S. 197-199

„… determined and clarified. Also, the relations between theEPP and other EU/EC bodies such as Eurojust and OLAF …” „… should be clarified.3.2 Draft Commission Decision amending its Decision (1999/352/EC, ECSC, EURATOM) of …” „… amendments were included in the draft Commission Decision amendingits Decision (1999/352/EC, ECSC, EURATOM …”

The Staff S. 99

„… in the list of reports attached to this dissertation. 401 Article 6 of the Commission decision of 28 …” „… at eu/dgs/olaf/directory/org_chart/en.pdf>.404 Importance of this issue was also …”

Objective of the study S. 23-24

„… 2000, p. 7.2 See e.g. Telegraph of 19.11.2000, »Mismanagement and fraud cost EU taxpayers £ 4 …” „… scope for supervision and judicial reviewof OLAF decisions.The thesis considers the impact of EU …” „… sources such as EC/EU law, jurisprudence of theEuropean Community courts, reports of the EC institutions …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845206615

Timo Faltus - Stammzellenreprogrammierung

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Timo Faltus

Stammzellenreprogrammierung

Series: Schriftenreihe Recht, Ethik und Ökonomie der Biotechnologie

Volume 22 2016

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10.3 Future Health Technologies Ltd ./. The Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (EuGH v. 10.6.2010, C-86/09) S. 853-855

„… Health Technologies Ltd ./. The Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (EuGH v. 10.6.2010, C …” „… -86/09)2184 Streitfrage des Verfahrens Future Health Technologies Ltd ./. The Commissioners for Her Majesty’s …” „… 14.8.2010, S. 11 f. 10.3 Future Health Technologies Ltd ./. The Commissioners for HMRC 853 gung steht. Eine …”

10.2 CopyGene Denmark A/S ./. Skatteministeriet (EuGH v. 10.6.2010, C-262/08) S. 847-853

„… ./. The Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (EuGH v. 10.6.2010, C-86/09)2184 Streitfrage …” „… ./. Skatteministeriet (EuGH v. 10.6.2010, C-262/08)2175 Das Unternehmen CopyGene A/S lagerte in Dänemark kommerziell …” „… des Verfahrens Future Health Technologies Ltd ./. The Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and …”

8.2 Zellbasierte Therapieformen im Veterinärbereich S. 762-781

„… /463298/2010) - Veterinary Medicines and Product Data Management - Commission consultation on Better regulation …” „… (EMA/CVMP/ 463298/2010) - Veterinary Medicines and Product Data Management - Commission consultation on …” „… , zentral durch die EU zugelassen werden. Lediglich solche Tierarzneimittel, die autologe oder allogene …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-36

„… (EuGH v. 10.6.2010, C-262/08) 10.2 847 Future Health Technologies Ltd ./. The Commissioners for Her …” „… differenzierten Körperzellen 4.1.2.1 418 Rechtsstatus nach dem Grundgesetz und der EU- Grundrechtecharta 4.1.2.2 …” „… AMG bei in der EU hinreichend bekannten und nicht-industriellen Verfahren (ohne Herstellung von ATMP …”

8.1 Zellbasierte Therapieformen im Humanbereich S. 629-762

„… nach § 20c AMG bei in der EU hinreichend bekannten und nicht-industriellen Verfahren (ohne Herstellung …” „… Herstellungsumfang ankommt. Genehmigung nach § 13 AMG bei nicht hinreichend in der EU bekannten und/oder …” „… – GMP“, die unionsrechtlich im EU-GMP-Leitfaden1692 für Human- und Tierarzneimittel sowie in den …”

Literaturverzeichnis S. 895-955

„… Patentierung menschlicher embryonaler Stammzellen – kritische Würdigung der Entscheidung des EuGH im Fall …” „… . 6. Literaturverzeichnis 909 European Commission - Joint Research Centre (DG JRC) - Institute for …” „… : Rechtsschutz gegen Handlungen der EG-Agenturen - endlich geklärt? EuR 2009, S. 383-393. Günther, Hans-Ludwig …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845275567

Ingolf Pernice, Ana Maria Guerra Martins - Brexit and the Future of EU Politics

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Ingolf Pernice (ed.), Ana Maria Guerra Martins (ed.)

Brexit and the Future of EU Politics

Series: European Constitutional Law Network-Series

Volume 10 2019

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Rui Lanceiro Brexit and EU Citizen’s Social Rights – the Commission v. United Kingdom [UK child benefit or child tax credit] and the CJEU case law on social rights S. 145-184

„… Brexit and EU Citizen’s Social Rights – the Commission v. United Kingdom [UK child benefit or child …” „… Grzelczyk ECLI:EU:C:2001:458, para. 44; and Case C‑75/11 Commission v Austria [reduced fares on public …” „… ., v.g., C O’Brien, ‘The ECJ sacrifices EU citizenship in vain: Commission v. United Kingdom’ (2016) 54 …”

Jean-Victor Louis The Future of Monetary and Financial Policy after Brexit S. 199-226

„… former Commission member and French minister, head of the EU delegation, received the mandate from the …” „… by the acting Northern Irish Government. 7 TF50 (2017) 19 – Commission to EU 27, 8 December 2017. We …” „… object of a proposal of the EU Commission22 if the UK preserves, with some EU Countries, its individual …”

Maria José Rangel de Mesquita Common Foreign and Security Policy After Brexit S. 235-276

„… instruments were adopted by the EU. The above-mentioned Commission’s European Defence Action Plan, contributes …” „… ). – See also European Commission Press Release EU budget for 2021–2027: Commission welcomes provisional …” „… – Commission to EU 27 (to be presented to the Chief negotiator to the CRP Art. 50 and to the Brexit Steering …”

Stefan Griller Comments on Jean-Victor Louis S. 227-234

„… Commission. At any event, compared to a financial service provider established within the EU, there is surely …” „… Comments on Jean-Victor Louis Stefan Griller Abstract Should the UK indeed leave the EU, there is a …” „… institutions under EU law would be dependent on secondary EU legislation. This should not be too high a hurdle …”

Paula Vaz Freire Internal Market and Brexit S. 131-144

„… , sets out a national 12 Commission Staff Working Document, ‘EU equivalence decisions in financial …” „… Vaz Freire Abstract The economic effects of Brexit in the UK and in the EU are still uncertain …” „… inflation and to a lower real wage growth. For the EU, as a whole, the economic effects of UK’s exit may not …”

Giacinto della Cananea Differentiated Integration in Europe After Brexit: An Institutional Analysis S. 45-90

„… between EU members and third countries. This can be useful for a better understanding of the institutional …” „… and legal options that are available for the relations between the UK and the EU in the post-Brexit …” „… future of the EU, in particular from the perspective of differentiated integration.1 This essay seeks to …”

Ana Maria Guerra Martins Brexit from the Perspective of EU Sovereignty. Some Comments on Tom Eijsbouts’ Contribution to this Book S. 29-44

„… https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/5-presidentsreport_en.pdf. 26 Proposal of the Commission of 6 December 2017 for a Council …” „… https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/white_paper _on_the_future_of_europe_en.pdf. Ana Maria Guerra Martins 42 the debate of the future of Europe …” „… Brexit from the Perspective of EU Sovereignty. Some Comments on Tom Eijsbouts’ Contribution to this …”

Introduction S. 5-14

„… https://ec.europa.eu/commission/files/draft-agreement-withdrawal-united-kingdom -great-britain-and-northern-ireland-european-union-and-european-atomic-energy-co …” „… dimension of EU citizenship in the Commission v. United Kingdom (UK child benefit or child tax credit) case …” „… Freire 13 Brexit and EU Citizen’s Social Rights – the Commission v. United Kingdom [UK child benefit or …”

Jiří Zemánek The Future of the Protection of Fundamental Rights after Brexit S. 91-100

„… , Commission v. Republic of Poland, ECLI:EU:C:2019:531. 11 Opening remarks of the First Vice-President Frans …” „… movement of EU citizens within the internal market and the shared space of security and justice. The …” „… the values referred to in Article 2 TEU’– in Poland has been determined by the European Commission.10 …”

Ingolf Pernice Brexit – Exercise of Democracy or a Challenge to Democracy? S. 101-130

„… Draft Agreement, TF50 (2018) 55–Commission to EU27, full text available at …” „… : https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/draft_withdrawal_agreem ent_0.pdf (accessed 19 March 2019). 2 For an attempt of blocking: see Georgi Gotev, ‘Farage to …” „… legal continuity’.50 But without the European Commission watching the full application of EU law and …”

Daniel Thym, Mattias Wendel Immigration after Brexit: Ironies and Challenges S. 185-198

„… this respect, the EU managed to achieve a close 27 See, amongst others, European Commission, document …” „… argues that Brexit could facilitate legal control over the entry and stay of EU citizens, but might …” „… final section relates to the migration of EU citizens and UK nationals. Introduction Immigration was a …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748903246

Elena Fuchs - Countering VAT Fraud in B2C Trade with 3rd Territories and 3rd Countries

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Elena Fuchs

Countering VAT Fraud in B2C Trade with 3rd Territories and 3rd Countries

Series: Steuerwissenschaftliche Schriften

Volume 89 2024

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C. EU Commission Action to Combat VAT Fraud in Trade with 3rd Countries and Evaluation of the Measures S. 93-182

doi.org/10.5771/9783748944638

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Rudolf Moegele, Friedrich Erlbacher

Single Common Market Organisation

2011

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COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 513/2010 of 15 June 2010 amending Annex VI to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 as regards the adjustment of the quotas as from the 2010/2011 marketing year in the sugar sector S. 1037-1038

„… should therefore be amended accordingly, … 13. COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 513/2010 of 15 June 2010 …” „… Commission to react to market disturbances in a flexible and swift manner. (7) Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 …” „… the 2010/2011 marketing year in the sugar sector96 THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Having regard to the …”

Animal diseases S. 128-155

„… clauses, empowering the Commission to take adequate action for the protection of the EU internal market in …” „… EU budget appropriations “were neither in an economic or in an efficient manner used”. The Commission …” „… size: 160.00mm 240.00mm of the EU-aid. In the previous Regulation (EEC) No 2965/86,37 the Commission …”

Financing S. 158-166

„… scheme the applicable financing rates cannot be changed. Hence, the Commission must not provide for EU …” „… avoided if EU law would oblige all producers to make an adequate contribution. The Commission‘s original …” „… 1234/2007 Case law: Case C-239/01 Germany/Commission, [2001] ECR I-10333; Case C-430/07 Gosschalk, Judgement …”

Financial provisions S. 844-858

„… Commission to prove that EU rules have been infringed, once it has established such an infringement it is for …” „… States usually make great efforts not to diverge from the conditions imposed by EU law. The Commission …” „… analysis the interpretation of EU law rests with the ECJ and the Commission is not entitled to give formal …”

g Approval of operational programmes S. 355-367

„… enjoyed by the Commission in fixing the amount of production aid was not such as to precluded the EU …” „… precluded the EU’s extracontractual responsibility; cfr. ECJ, C-283/05 P Agraz/Commission, paras 26 et seq …” „… , following the adoption of Commission Regulation (EU) No 687/2010 of 30 July 2010 amending Regulation (EC) No …”

ga Aid for the supply of fruit and vegetable, processed fruit and vegetable and banana products to children S. 367-375

„… Scheme period starts, following which the Commission decides on the definitive allocation of EU aid to …” „… sCMO Regulation requires the Commission to present a report to the European Parliament and Council by …” „… children 1. Under conditions to be determined by the Commission, from the 2009–2010 school year onwards …”

Commentary on Arts 180–182a S. 799-820

„… http://ec.europa.eu/competition/state_aid/legislation/legislation.html. 6 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1857/2006 of 15 December 2006 on application of Articles 87 and …” „… December 2013, OJ 2010 L 4, p. 89; currently under appeal by the Commission. 25 2009/991/EU Council …” „… ; currently under appeal by the Commission. 26 2009/983/EU Council Decision of 16 December 2009 on the …”

Distribution to the most deprived persons in the Community S. 98-104

„… 1234/2007. Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EU) No 807/20101. Case law: Case T-576/08 …” „… Recital 5 of Regulation (EC) No 1260/2007. 1 [Art. 27] Commission Regulation (EU) No 807/2010 of 14 …” „… programme, are set out in Commission Regulation (EU) No 807/2010 which is a codified version of Commission …”

a Additional requirements for the marketing of the products of the fruit and vegetables sector S. 419-430

„… European Commission defines as “scare stories about the EU reported in the British press, usually based on …” „… ; Case 320/85 Ministe`re public v Maniglier [1986] ECR 2917; Case 255/ 86 Commission/Belgium (1988) ECR …” „… Legumes v Le Campion, para 15. Cfr. also ECJ 255/86 Commission/Belgium, para. 9 et seq. where the Court …”

Introduction to Section III S. 173-180

„… Cucchi [1977] ECR 987; Case 72/79 Commission/Italy [1980] ECR 1411; Case 230/78 Eridania [1979] ECR 2749 …” „… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm the EU by a respective increase of the price for rice on …” „… outside the EU. Since Title 1 solely targets the EU internal market the terms “shortage of supply” only …”

Controls and administrative measures and administrative penalties and their reporting S. 863-870

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm implementation of EU law in general and the sCMO in …” „… applicable rules8. In another case, the General Court has confirmed the approach chosen by the Commission in …” „… excluding from EU financing expenditure incurred by Spain for the granting of aid for the production of hemp …”

Special market measures in the cereals sector S. 167-171

„… replaced by the EU intervention system in 1967, the prices for both cereals and rice are in principle …” „… uniform at EU level. The EU intervention system was and still is meant to apply in the entire EU. By that …” „… it is difficult to react to regional price fluctuations in the EU. That is why the CMO for cereals …”

zb Enforcement S. 512-513

„… in the EU or, subject to certain exceptions, exported (Art. 52(1) of Commission Regulation (EC) No …” „… trade barrier within the EU, the EU has imposed that any EU languages may be used for the marketing of …” „… grapevine products in the EU. Therefore, where labels are expressed in words (and not, in particular, by …”

Organisation of the Management Committee S. 874-887

„… . 1 of Regulation (EU) No 182/ 2011 is worded so as to leave room for Commission-alone powers.56 Annex …” „… Commission may in any event adopt the draft act concerned.25. 8Art. 7 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 provides …” „… . 238(3) TFEU with regard to acts to be adopted on proposal of the Commission. 22 Art. 5(2) Regulation (EU …”

Introduction to Section IVb S. 376-379

„… to about 8.4 % of the EU-27 wine production. See Commission’s communication to the Council and …” „… of the Common Market Organisation for wine: Final report prepared for European Commission-DG …” „… , other such measures may be adopted by the Commission in order to implement the provisions of this …”

Quota systems and production potential S. 204-216

„… sugar production from the EU. In the Communication following up these documents, the Commission lined …” „… the exception of action relating to withdrawal from the market, the Commission may take the following …” „… production used. Art. 54 allows the Commission to take implementing measures for the functioning of the …”

Intervention centres S. 114-116

„… : Commission Regulation (EC) No 826/20081; Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/20092. 1Art. 40 contains the …” „… aid for certain agricultural products OJ 2008 L 223, p. 3. 2 Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/2009 …” „… transport. Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/20091; Commission Regulation (EC) No …”

Introduction to Section II S. 166-167

„… competition might be distorted, both Council and Commission dealt with that issue by obliging Member States to …” „… distortion of competition. Against this background, it would have been better if the Commission as the …” „… financing by the EU. 18With regard to the only exceptional measure adopted so far on the grounds of the …”

Safeguard measures S. 712-717

„… : http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/lists/06_en.pdf. 12 Art. 40 and 43 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/2008. 13 Art. 45 of Commission …” „… 0 below). 17 In any event, nothing prevents the EU industry from providing the European Commission …” „… competent bodies has to be published by the Commission. In practice, the Commission publishes this list on …”

Application of Articles 81 to 86 of the Treaty S. 779-783

„… the Commission-Guidelines on the effect of trade concept contained in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty …” „… l’organisation commune des marche´s, Revue de droit rural, 2010, pp. 1 et seq.; McMahon, EU Agricultural Law …” „… Ch. I Contents: I. Application of EU-competition law to agriculture …”

z Optional particulars S. 507-511

„… . Given the strong competition on the EU as well as on third countries 7 Commission Regulation (EC) No …” „… . “chaˆteau”) (Arts 118u and 118v, Ch. III and Ann. XII to Commission Regulation (EC) No 607/2009). 14 Art. 58 …” „… , Regulation (EC) No 607/2009 still protects these bottle shapes within the EU. Only wines originating in …”

b Definitions S. 467-472

„… authorities to the EU institutions, namely the Commission, the former had always exerted a certain control on …” „… stressed by the Court of Justice13. Even one could argue that the new 8 Case 141/87 Commission/Italy (“Lago …” „… Commission/Italy (“Lago di Caldaro”), para. 10. 11 Case 141/87 Commission/Italy (“Lago di Caldaro”), para. 13. 12 …”

Tariff rates for bananas S. 690-692

„… licence, as discussed in the commentary on Art. 130(1), the Commission may require an import licence …” „… obligation for all tariff quotas, leaving some discretion to the Commission. Pursuant to Commission …” „… only for importing. 47In case a licence is required, the Commission sets the conditions related to it …”

za Languages S. 511-512

„… by any EU or third country wine producers which produce wines in conformity with the “cre´mant …” „… regulate the use of other particulars than those regulated by EU legislation (Art. 70 of Regulation (EC) No …” „… provisions: Art. 52 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 607/20093. 1 With the Wine Reform of 2008, more …”

Intervention prices S. 90-95

„… Commission. These rules are found in Regulation (EU) No 1272/200918. 21For paddy rice, the intervention price …” „… . Also in this case detailed rules have been adopted by the Commission in Regulation (EU) No 1272/200919 …” „… quantities for intervention for the following products shall be determined by the Commission by means of …”

Marketing standards S. 415-419

„… international cooperation within and outside the region. 11 The EU is not a member of UNECE, but Commission …” „… Marketing standards 1. Provision may be made by the Commission for marketing standards for one or more of …” „… Commission for Europe (UN/ECE); (b) may in particular relate to quality, grading into classes, weight, sizing …”

Circumvention clause S. 861-863

„… States and the Commission 1. Member States and the Commission shall provide each other with any …” „… Commission shall adopt detailed rules to determine what information is necessary for the application of …” „… States to provide the Commission with information on various aspects, Art. 192 requires Member States and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… fabric of rural areas in the EU. As we prepare our policy options for the CAP after 2013, we are looking …” „… which sets out the legal framework for the regulation of agricultural markets in the EU needs all our …” „… for the CAP when the Council agreed in 2007 on the Commission’s initiative to merge the 21 basic CMO …”

Production charge S. 190-197

„… is managed by the Commission under EU budget provisions12 and it is foreseen that any funds remaining …” „… paragraph 2 shall be assigned to the EAGF.” Deadline extended to 2012 by Commission Regulation (EU) No 1204 …” „… dynamic context which considered that imports into the EU were estimated to increase, export refunds to …”

Suspension of outward processing arrangements S. 773-776

„… . Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1767/682. 1 Art. 173 sCMO which replaced Art. 7(1) and …” „… (2) of Regulation (EEC) No 234/68 empowers the Commission3 to fix minimum prices for exports to third …” „… compliance with the minimum prices concerned. In doing so the Commission must respect the international …”

u Investments S. 396-399

„… infestations2. The EU contribution must not exceed the limits set out in the second and third paras concerning …” „… . In essence, this means that the EU budget assumes part of the risk on a permanent basis. 2Member …” „… financing to a great extent of premiums by the EU budget brings about that a number on insurance companies …”

Introduction to Chapter II S. 122-125

„… Agrarma¨rkte, JAR VIII (2008), pp. 29 et seq.; Busse in Lenz/ Borchardt (ed.), EU-Vertra¨ge – Kommentar, 5th …” „… Edition, 2010, Art. 40 TFEU, points 11 et seq.; Busse, Die Verteilung von EU-Finanzmitteln auf die …” „… EU-Finanzmitteln auf die deutschen Bundesla¨nder, Die O¨ffentliche Verwaltung 2004, pp. 93 et seq. Introduction to …”

Introduction to Section I S. 125-128

„… . IV “Adjustment of supply” (Art. 54) empowers the Commission with regard to several sectors to take …” „… EU and the Member States. Art. 3(2)(a) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1290/2007 explicitly mentions …” „… the EU‘s “financial contribution to specific veterinary measures …, animal disease eradication and …”

Minimum beet price S. 180-184

„… sugar manufacturers and refiners, began to attract growing criticism both from the EU consumers, and the …” „… the 2006 reform were to succeed in maintaining the internal EU production competitive and remunerative …” „… implementing rules to be laid down by the Commission. 4. For the quantities of sugar beet corresponding to the …”

Introduction S. 518-519

„… interest. Eventually, the Commission introduced the possibility of using oak-chips in the production of EU …” „… According to para. 6, Member States must control compliance of producers with the rules, EU or Member States …” „… Introduction Recitals: Recitals 22 to 26 of Regulation (EC) No 479/20081. Implementing provisions: Commission …”

b Scope S. 519-520

„… , the Commission introduced the possibility of using oak-chips in the production of EU wine (Commission …” „… changes can now be undertaken by the Commission pursuant the comitology procedure rather than by way of …” „… in the sCMO and the EU legislator has retained exclusive competence in their regard. The reason for …”

g Notification S. 562-563

„… EU and national rules in force. This provision however needs to be interpreted in the light of the …” „… set by the present Chapter.20 The reference to EU rules thus focuses on general principles of EU …” „… agricultural law, in particular the principle of nondiscrimination between EU producers.21 Second, according to …”

y Compulsory particulars S. 504-507

„… such characteristics”. 4Finally, Art. 51 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 607/2009 details the rules …” „… displayed on the label; (b) where, in exceptional circumstances to be determined by the Commission, the name …” „… (EC) No 491/ 20082. Implementing provisions: Arts 49 to 60, 68 and 69 of Commission Regulation (EC) No …”

p Promotion on third-country markets S. 387-389

„… EU as high quality product3. The Commission always attached great importance to this objective to the …” „… public financing including both EU and national funds. 6 Art. 4(1) lit. d of Commission Regulation (EC …” „… an amendment to a national support programme which should be notified to the Commission under the …”

Rules concerning storage S. 112-114

„… . Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No 826/20081; Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/20092. 1 …” „… to be assessed separately for Great Britain and Northern Ireland and for the rest of the EU by Member …” „… State. The Commission has not further specified the test to be applied. 2The scheme was in this sector …”

d Designation of responsible national authorities for the wine sector S. 829-830

„… of Commission Regulation (EC) No 436/20093. 1 Art. 185c sCMO establishes information and registration …” „… obligations for operators with regard to the marketing of wine products within the EU. The provision replaced …” „… products. 2 Para. 1 of Art. 185c sCMO makes the marketing of products of the wine sector within the EU …”

f Extension of rules S. 557-562

„… adaptation of their fruit and vegetables sectors to the EU requirements, they have the possibility of forming …” „… producer groups which are granted a transitional period during which national and EU financial support can …” „… groups are set out in Art. 103a of the sCMO Regulation. 2 The outermost regions of the EU as referred to …”

Scope S. 227-230

„… Regulation (EC) No 247/2006 (1); or (d) exported within the quantitative limit fixed by the Commission …” „… size: 160.00mm 240.00mm comparable provisions for the EU milk sector, the sCMO Regulation does not …” „… before.5 IV. Specific supply arrangements for outermost regions of the EU 4Art. 61(c) sCMO provides that …”

General principles S. 614-620

„… (amber + de minimis + blue) is to be cut under a tiered formula that results in a 80 % cut for the EU, a …” „… 70 % cut for US and Japan and 55 % for the rest. – Similarly, AMS is to be cut by 70 % for the EU, 60 …” „… income support. 157As regards GIs, the EU agenda initially consisted of the so-called claw back list of …”

Interprofessional agreements S. 184-190

„… shall conform to paragraph 3 and to purchase terms to be determined by the Commission, in particular as …” „… 26 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007. Implementing provisions: Arts 16, 16a and Ann II of Commission …” „… trade and beet and 2 Commission Regulation (EC) No 952/2006 of 29 June 2006 laying down detailed rules …”

a National aid for distillation of wine in cases of crisis S. 798-799

„… http://ec.europa.eu/competition/state_aid/legislation/legislation.html. 6 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1857/2006 of 15 December 2006 on application of Articles 87 and …” „… the aid referred to in paragraph 1 shall submit a duly substantiated notification to the Commission …” „… . The Commission shall decide whether the measure is approved and aid may be granted. 5. The alcohol …”

Implementing rules S. 583-586

„… rules The Commission shall adopt the detailed rules for the application of this Chapter, in particular …” „… . 1 On the basis of the third indent of Art. 202 EC2, the Council conferred on the Commission powers …” „… Commission Regulation (EC) No 1580/2007 of 21 December 2007 laying down implementing rules of Council …”

Disturbances caused by quotations or prices on the world market S. 830-831

„… 479/20082. Implementing provisions: Art. 49 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 436/20093. 1Art. 185d sCMO …” „… (application, control and enforcement) of EU rules and the laboratories in charge of official analyses in the …” „… wine sector. Furthermore it requires Member States to inform the Commission accordingly i.e. in …”

Industrial sugar S. 230-232

„… the Commission.17 However, if in future the world market price reaches a level corresponding to the EU …” „… price level, this would make the WTO ceiling for EU exports inoperative, and in such a situation in …” „… principle there should be free access for over-quota sugar exports from the EU. 6Over the sugar, isoglucose …”

Introduction S. 458-466

„… Commission/Italy “Lago di Caldaro [1989] ECR-I 943; Case 47/90 Delhaize [1992] ECR I-3669; Case C-388/95 …” „… - 09115; Case C-331/ 07 Commission/Greece [2009] ECR I-60. Literature: Ilbert, Peit, Are geographical …” „… Ku¨hne [2001] ECR I-09517; Joined Cases C-465/02 and C-466/02 Germany and Denmark/Commission [2005] ECR I …”

Specific rules S. 675-690

„… the Council shall be opened and administered by the Commission under detailed rules adopted by the …” „… Commission. 2. Tariff quotas shall be administered in a manner which avoids any discrimination between the …” „… quotas The Commission shall provide for the annual tariff quotas, if necessary suitably phased over the …”

c Oenological practices and restrictions S. 520-522

„… sector (except for grape juice and grape must intended for the preparation of grape juice) in the EU …” „… in the Commission’s implementing legislation under Art. 120e. 6The results of some of the important …” „… the phasing out of the EU support to must production (see the end-date of 31 July 2012 in Art. 103y …”

j Compatibility and consistency S. 379-381

„… attributing EU-funds to the Member States which shall be used in the form of national programmes. 2 As was …” „… increasingly competitive EU wine producers and the strengthening of the reputation of EU quality wine. 3 For …” „… and financed, with certain exceptions, by the EU budget, it is left to the Member States to …”

Loss in consumer confidence S. 155-158

„… had to be destroyed. The measure was optional for Ireland and 50 % co-financed by the EU. By means of …” „… down in Art. 46143. The Commission justified its way of proceeding in recital 5 of Regulation (EC) No …” „… and eggs sector, the Commission may adopt exceptional market support measures in order to take account …”

Import duties S. 643-649

„… http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/customs/customs_duties/tariff_aspects/index_en.htm. The goal of “equalising” charges was confirmed by the Court in ECJ C-30/01 Commission v United …” „… TARIC site at http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/dds/tarhome_en.htm. 21 Commission Regulation (EC) No …” „… . 133a(2) are applied. Article 134 Implementing rules The Commission shall adopt the detailed rules for …”

Commentary on Arts 186–188 S. 831-839

„… disrupt the availability of supply on the EU market and where that situation is likely to continue or to …” „… deteriorate, the Commission may take the necessary measures for the sector concerned. It may in particular …” „… adopted by the Commission. Recitals: Recital 95 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007; recitals 5 and 6 of …”

i Decision on protection S. 477-480

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Article 118g Scrutiny by the Commission 1. The Commission …” „… geographical indication public. 2. The Commission shall examine whether the applications for protection …” „… referred to in Article 118f (5) meet the conditions laid down in this Subsection. 3. Where the Commission …”

Special market measures in the rice sector S. 171-173

„… 315/20071 Case-law: Case 77/76 Cucchi [1977] ECR 987; Case 72/79 Commission/Italy [1980] ECR 1411; Case …” „… 48 Special market measures in the rice sector 1. The Commission may take special measures to: (a …” „… following natural disasters. 2. The Commission shall adopt the detailed rules for the implementation of this …”

a Special import requirements for wine S. 709-712

„… : http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/lists/06_en.pdf. 12 Art. 40 and 43 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/2008. 13 Art. 45 of Commission …” „… Commission, in the product’s country of origin; (b) an analysis report drawn up by a body or department …” „… consumption. 4. Detailed rules for the application of this Article shall be adopted by the Commission …”

Implementing rules S. 56-58

„… : Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/20092; Private storage: Commission Regulation (EC) No 826/20083 …” „… Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/2009 of 11 December 2009 laying down common detailed rules for the …” „… power upon the Commission, the article concerned makes reference to the horizontal committee article at …”

Single CMO Regulation and WTO rules S. 586-614

„… limit fixed by the Commission (Art. 61(d)). Following the EU sugar reform and this dispute, the EU is no …” „… in the EU. On the other hand, an international standard adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission …” „… . Disputes involving the EU EU-Asbestos: Appellate Body Report, European Communities – Measures Affecting …”

Additional and supplementary isoglucose quota S. 219-222

„… that have been granted approval by the Member States as “approved operators”. 3 Commission Regulation …” „… been repealed as of 1 October 2008. From that date onwards, Commission Regulation (EC) No 952/2006 and …” „… Commission Regulation (EC) No 967/2006 of 29 June 2006 laying down detailed rules for the application of …”

a Special security in the wine sector S. 638-643

„… wine (at http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/ eval/reports/wine/) 2004; Commission europe´enne, Direction …” „… by the Commission on the basis of price quotations for the same products in the countries of origin …” „… applies, increased by a margin adopted by the Commission that may not exceed the flat-rate value by more …”

Communications in the ethyl alcohol sector S. 840-844

„… shall, by 1 March 2011 and, a second time, by 1 March 2014, submit to the Commission an evaluation of …” „… efficiency. 7. Detailed rules for the application of this Article shall be adopted by the Commission …” „… of Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/20083. 1Art. 188a sCMO is a compilation of reporting and …”

Calculation of import duties for broken rice S. 654-658

„… :// ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/rice/publi/com2009_314_en.pdf). 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 172/2009 of 4 March 2009 fixing the import duties …” „… Annex XVIII shall qualify for a zero rate of import duty under the conditions fixed by the Commission …” „… for semi-milled or wholly milled rice falling within CN code 1006 30 shall be fixed by the Commission …”

Suspension of inward processing arrangements S. 717-719

„… referral of the matter, the decision taken by the European Commission shall be deemed revoked. 17 Art …” „… enacted by the Council, the European Commission shall propose to the Council that it be revoked or amended …” „… or amended by the European Commission alone, without the assistance of the Management Committee …”

Introduction to Section Ib S. 500-502

„… Commission Regulation (EU) No 401/2010 of 7 May 2010 amending and correcting Regulation (EC) No 607/2009 …” „… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm term in the territory of a Member State of the EU if it …” „… 2000, labelling and presentation of 4 Date of entry in force of Commission Regulation (EC) No 753/2002 …”

Traditional supply need for refining S. 695-700

„… : http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/sugar/reports/descri_en.pdf. 2 Commission Regulation (EC) No 891/2009 of 25 September 2009 opening and providing for the …” „… , http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/ markets/sugar/reports/descri_en.pdf. 13 Art. 10(2) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 828/2009. 1 …” „… quantity shall be fixed by the Commission, based on the balance between the traditional supply need …”

a Vineyard register and inventory S. 825-827

„… the inventory to the Commission by 1 March each year; where that deadline is not met no EU …” „… Commission by 15 April of the year following the harvest concerned.8 III. Procedure and future developments 5 …” „… The Commission is empowered to adopt detailed rules concerning the registration of contracts to supply …”

a Entry price system for the fruit and vegetables and the processed fruit and vegetables sectors S. 658-664

„… “Certificate of Authenticity” and notify the Commission of issued import licences13. There is no limit to the …” „… ”14, the Commission may start consultations with third countries. In case the “disturbance of the rice …” „… by the Commission, by product and by origin, on the basis of the weighted average of prices for the …”

q Restructuring and conversion of vineyards S. 389-393

„… public financing including both EU and national funds. 6 Art. 4(1) lit. d of Commission Regulation (EC …” „… by EU financing is detailed in this Article subject to three basic conditions: – The support is …” „… listed to in para. 3 may be supported. – The EU contribution may not exceed 50 % of the eligible …”

t Harvest insurance S. 395-396

„… concerned do not compensate producers for more than 100 % of the 3 See Art. 15b) of Commission Regulation …” „… (EC) No 555/2008. 4 Art. 15c) and d) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/2008. Art. 103t Part II …” „… , adverse climatic events, diseases or pest infestations2. The EU contribution must not exceed the limits …”

Use of casein and caseinate in the manufacture of cheese S. 513-515

„… ” policy. Basically, grapevine products which are not labelled in conformity with EU rules shall be …” „… relabelled or withdrawn from the market. This applies to products marketed in the EU or, subject to certain …” „… exceptions, exported (Art. 52(1) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 607/20094). Section II Conditions for …”

Disturbances as regards internal market prices S. 830

„… 479/20082. Implementing provisions: Art. 49 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 436/20093. 1Art. 185d sCMO …” „… (application, control and enforcement) of EU rules and the laboratories in charge of official analyses in the …” „… wine sector. Furthermore it requires Member States to inform the Commission accordingly i.e. in …”

x Crisis distillation S. 401-403

„… correct spending of EU funds3. 3As stressed by the Commission in its proposal4, the crisis distillation …” „… long-prospects, and with a view to ensuring that EU funds would be spent in the best way, the European Commission …” „… the Commission. 3. The alcohol resulting from the supported distillation referred to in paragraph 1 …”

Introduction to Chapter I S. 58-59

„… : Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/20092; Private storage: Commission Regulation (EC) No 826/20083 …” „… Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/2009 of 11 December 2009 laying down common detailed rules for the …” „… the longest Part of the sCMO Regulation. It contains all the EU internal market rules. It consists of …”

Surplus levy S. 234-235

„… inulin syrup for which no proof has been supplied, by a date to be determined by the Commission, that it …” „… in Article 52(3) are not met. 2. The surplus levy shall be fixed by the Commission at a sufficiently …” „… regions of the EU before 31 December;2 or the export outside of the EC. Besides 10 Cfr. Arts 13, 32 and 52 …”

Marketing standards for products of the eggs and poultry meat sectors S. 448-454

„… Finally Commission Regulation (EC) No 445/2007 specifies under which conditions the designation “butter …” „… the European Commission of mutual recognition. 15It was the openly expressed wish of the dairy sector …” „… to protect the designation of milk products with further EU-legislation which was able to convince …”

Aids to operator organisations S. 349-351

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Regulation (EU) No 738/2010 provides for transitional …” „… not covered by the Community funding. 22 Art. 6(1) of Regulation (EU) No 738/2010. Before the first …” „… the eligible areas referred to in Article 3(2) of Regulation (EU) No 738/2010 during the calendar year …”

d Specific provisions for the marketing of wine S. 438-440

„… issue national and EU certificates required for the circulation and marketing of wines where such …” „… . 4The provision hence raises the question as to its relationship with EU competition rules. It would …” „… measures foreseen by the EU legislator in Art. 113c need to be taken into account when assessing their …”

Imports of hemp S. 703-706

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm III. Procedure 9 Pursuant to Art. 156, the Commission is …” „… between sugar producers in third countries and EU importers are based on long-term supply contracts. Based …” „… Commission, in particular to comply with international agreements. They may include amendments to Annex XIX …”

Retention of quotas S. 278-279

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm tion are compensated by the administration were EU …” „… the general principles of EU law such as, in particular, the principles of legal certainty and …” „… , transfer or allocation of quotas under this Section. Case law: Kingdom of Spain v Commission of the …”

a Classification of wine grape varieties S. 516-518

„… 670/2003. It empowers the Commission to regulate in accordance with the Management procedure in Art. 1958 …” „… specific agricultural product listed in Annex I to the Treaty”. So far the Commission has not made use of …” „… are, nevertheless, Commission Regulations in place establishing analysis methods for agricultural …”

Certificates for products benefiting from a special import treatment in a third country S. 771-772

„… management by the Commission. They comprise the requirements to avoid discrimination between operators9 and …” „… mentions in lit. a, b and c a list of three methods the Commission may chose or combine with each other …” „… . However, this list is not exhaustive as the Commission may also apply “another appropriate method”. Art …”

Introduction to Section IVa S. 300-301

„… laid down in Article 63. Commission Regulation (EC) No 595/20042 lays down detailed rules for the …” „… objective of limiting the production of wine products through managing the area planted with vines in the EU …” „… such plantings will be required. Certain unlawful plantings of more recent date cannot be 2 Commission …”

a Unlawful plantings planted after 31 August 1998 S. 302-304

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm existing EU provisions of Council Regulation (EC) No …” „… competition (see recital 53 of Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999). 5Moreover, the EU statutory marketing …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 was prolonged several times until 31 December 2007 (see Commission Regulation …”

Rules for tendering procedures S. 114

„… : Commission Regulation (EC) No 826/20081; Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/20092. 1Art. 40 contains the …” „… aid for certain agricultural products OJ 2008 L 223, p. 3. 2 Commission Regulation (EU) No 1272/2009 …” „… Arts 10 and 15 to 22 of Regulation (EU) No 1272/2009 with regard to the buying-in into public storage …”

x Applicability of horizontal rules S. 502-504

„… and 51 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 607/20093. 1 Art. 118x lists the three Directives containing …” „… laid down in this Section take precedence over these horizontal rules. 2 In essence, EU horizontal …” „… (e.g. on optional particulars, on the indication of provenance, etc.); – where EU horizontal …”

General introduction S. 24-44

„… TFEU in Lenz/Borchardt (ed.), EU-Vertra¨ge, Kommentar nach dem Vertrag von Lissabon, 5th edition …” „… , Articles 290 and 291 TFEU in Lenz/Borchardt (ed.), EU-Vertra¨ge, Kommentar nach dem Vertrag von Lissabon, 5 …” „… the Commission policy concerning simplification and better regulation …”

Individual quotas S. 247-258

„… ) requires the Commission to present reports to the Council at the end of 2010 and 2012 which describe and …” „… taken by the Commission on the basis of the reports delivered by the two Member States. The reports …” „… . 66 lays down for the Member States that joined the EU in and after 2004 that all milk and milk …”

Conditions and aid-level for butter S. 106-107

„… each year, the Commission decides on the level of aid it will grant for the private storage of salted …” „… and unsalted butter, which meets the conditions set in the sCMO Regulation2. 2The EU …” „… fixed them in Art. 28 instead of transferring this power to the Commission. 3Ch. II of Regulation (EC …”

Scope of export refunds S. 720-727

„… amended by Commission Regulation (EU) No 278/2010 of 31 March 2010 amending Regulation (EC) No 1276/2008 …” „… paragraphs 1 and 2, and the procedure for verification, may be adapted by the Commission to suit this …” „… provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No 1670/20061. 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1670/2006 of 10 …”

Introduction to Subsection I S. 216-217

„… of Regulation (EC) No 318/20061. Reports: Commission Staff Working Paper, Reforming the European …” „… Impact Assessment of options for Reform of the EU Sugar Regime, May 2006. Introduction to Subsection I …” „… 318/2006, which was a product of the 2006 reform of the EU sugar regime. The aim of this reform was to make …”

Sugar Protocol commitments S. 700-703

„… total of the quantities referred to in Art. 153(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007”, the Commission …” „… Sugar Protocol commitments The Commission may adopt measures to ensure that the ACP/Indian sugar is …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007. Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No 828/20091. Literature …”

Security S. 625-638

„… http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/food/eu-market/processedproducts. 20 Commission Regulation (EC) No 514/2008 of 9 June 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 376/ 2008 …” „… wine (at http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/ eval/reports/wine/) 2004; Commission europe´enne, Direction …” „… . When applying paragraph 1, the Commission shall take account of the need for import licences for the …”

f Authorisation criteria S. 523-524

„… Commission is generally called upon to continue the application of the existing practices and restrictions …” „… conditions for such use are to be laid down by Commission implementing legislation, again with the assistance …” „… practices in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 195(4), the Commission shall: (a) base …”

b Compulsory declarations in the wine sector S. 827-828

„… vineyards in accordance with Art. 103q.13 This measure is eligible to EU co-financing at a maximum rate of …” „… 50 % in general and 75 % in convergence regions.14 However, EU co-financing is subject to the …” „… submission by Member States to the Commission of the inventory of their production potential in accordance …”

c Content of applications for protection S. 472-474

„… not include a mechanism for the registration of GIs at EU level, but merely a 1 Council Regulation (EC …” „… . 2392/86 and (EC) No. 1493/1999, OJ 2008 L 148, p. 1. 2 Commission regulation (EC) No 607/2009 of 14 July …” „… followed by a listing by the Commission. Now, the sCMO Regulation contains a general procedure both at …”

a Aids to producer organisations S. 345-349

„… : Commission Regulation (EU) No 738/20102. Contents: I. Background and purpose …” „… Commission Regulation (EU) 738/2010 of 16 August 2010 lays down the detailed rules for Section IIIa, in …” „… Commission shall adopt the detailed rules for the implementation of this Section. Recitals: Recital 18 of …”

a Withdrawal of sugar in the 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 marketing years S. 198-203

„… Commission for the 2008/ 2009 and 2009/2010 marketing years by way of application of Annex VIIc to this …” „… applies. Recitals: Recital 28 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007. Implementing provisions: Commission …” „… market. This is a fundamental tool for management of the quota system, allowing the Commission to …”

Implementing rules S. 120-122

„… Commission to use the carcass weight and meat colour as criteria for the classification of those carcasses …” „… powers conferred upon the Commission by the provisions of this Chapter, the Commission shall adopt the …” „… Commission to close buying-in at a fixed price, adopt allocation coefficients and, for common wheat, switch …”

g Methods of analysis S. 524-525

„… Art. 120f the EU has been exploring the idea of becoming a Member of the OIV in its own right. 3The …” „… provision that the Commission is to “base itself on” the OIV recommendations can be understood to mean that …” „… the Commission is to use them as the principal constituent or fundamental principle of its decision …”

c Marketing rules to improve and stabilise the operation of the common market in wines S. 437-438

„… Commission in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 195(4). 3 Art. 42 TFEU provides the EU …” „… which may be laid down by the Commission under Art. 194 sCMO. The penalties imposed by Member States …” „… shall be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. Member States shall inform the Commission and keep it …”

Introduction to Subsection I S. 301-302

„… not compatible with EU-managed market intervention mechanisms such as crisis distillation.4 The …” „… rights which EU legislation had introduced in 1976, initially for a two-year period, and which is …” „… allocated by the EU legislator to Member States (national reserves). The planting of vines without such …”

Promotional levy in the milk and milk products sector S. 820-822

„… products on the internal market and in third countries6. Hence, despite the changes in the EU’s policy on …” „… allowing Member States to finance promotion measures not only within their own territory but within the EU …” „… subject to formal and substantive compliance with EU state aid rules. These rules are now set out in Arts …”

l Relationship with trademarks S. 486-487

„… . 18Similarly, Art. 9(1)(c) of Council Regulation (EC) No 207/200914 allows the proprietor of a EU …” „… . Unfortunately, EU legislation lacks any kind of definition of “reputation”. Whether or not a TM should be deemed …” „… Commission and the designation of origin or geographical indication is subsequently protected. Trademarks …”

m Protection S. 487-490

„… . 118s. 3 http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/e-bacchus/index.cfm. 1 [Art. 118o] Commission …” „… PDOs/PGIs and TMs protection had to be found by the EU legislator so as to avoid unnecessary risks which …” „… submitted after the date of submission of the application for protection of the PDO/PGI2 to the Commission …”

Marketing standards for olive oils and olive-pomace oils S. 456-458

„… Commission/Italy “Lago di Caldaro [1989] ECR-I 943; Case 47/90 Delhaize [1992] ECR I-3669; Case C-388/95 …” „… - 09115; Case C-331/ 07 Commission/Greece [2009] ECR I-60. Literature: Ilbert, Peit, Are geographical …” „… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm hops as originally foreseen in 1971. The Commission, with …”

k Grounds for refusal of protection S. 482-486

„… at national level, and in respect of which EU-wide protection has not been applied for. As results …” „… Subsect. II. (Arts 118u and 118v). 4 Commission regulation (EC) No 607/2009 of 14 July 2009 laying down …” „… nature of the geographical indication “feta”2. 6In 2002, the Commission registered the name ‘feta’ as a …”

Introduction to Chapter I of Part IV S. 778-779

„… vegetables)2. Case-law: Case 71/74 Frubo v Commission [1975] ECR 563; Case 111/76 van den Hazel [1977] ECR …” „… Bloemkwekerijprodukten/Commission [1997] ECR II-693; Case T-513/93 Consiglio Nazionale degli Spedizionieri Doganali v Commission …” „… 61/80 Coo¨perative Stremselen Kleurenfabriek v Commission [1981] ECR 851); Armagnac (OJ 1976 L 231/24 …”

Conditions for granting S. 333-336

„… sugar. Article 98 Conditions for granting The Commission shall adopt the conditions for the granting of …” „… : Recital 42 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007. Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No …” „… similar products. To provide for a competitive development of the EU internal manufacture of certain …”

Management of tariff quotas opened by third countries S. 769-771

„… Ka¨serei Champignon Hofmeister, para. 60 and ECJ C-278/98 Netherlands/Commission, para. 70. 15 ECJ C-464/06 …” „… and 73 and ECJ C-278/98 Netherlands v Commission, para. 70. 16 See Art. 5(5) and (8) of Regulation (EC …” „… Commission. 2. The tariff quotas referred to in paragraph 1 shall be administered in a manner which avoids …”

o Recognition S. 576-580

„… 8.41; von Rintelen, pp. 18 et seq. 5 Cfr. 7th recital of the Commission Decision of 28 November 2005 on …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 I. Introduction 1 EU legislation on producer and interbranch organisations has traditionally been …” „… 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 2The EU provisions on producer organisations in the wine sector …”

z Cross-compliance S. 404-406

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Implementing provisions: Arts 32–34 of Commission …” „… conditions across the EU, Council Regulation (EC) No 1493/99 exceptionally authorised the technique of …” „… Commission proposed a ban on the use of sugar in the wine-making process which would have led to a situation …”

Imports of hops S. 706-709

„… animal feeding or re-exported to exclude sowing. III. Specific provisions to be taken by the Commission …” „… provision further sets that the Commission has the possibility to adopt more specific rules on these checks …” „… attestations shall be verified in accordance with detailed rules adopted by the Commission. Recitals: Recital …”

p Verification of compliance with specifications S. 491-493

„… controls and tests. 3 See Art. 24 of Regulation (EC) No 607/2009. 4 See ECJ C-331/07 Commission/Greece …” „… http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/lists/index_en.htm. Art. 118p Part II Title II Ch. I Marketing standards and conditions for the production 490 Jimeno …” „… may be deemed an administrative practice likely to endanger the effective applications of the EU law …”

u Definitions S. 496-499

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm out in Art. 118b, by the Commission at its own initiative …” „… geographical indication. 2. Traditional terms shall be recognised, defined and protected by the Commission …” „… and repealing Regulations (EEC) No. 2392/86 and (EC) No. 1493/1999, OJ 2008 L 148, p. 1. 2 Commission …”

Introduction to Section III S. 235-240

„… the accumulation of excess quantities to distort the balance on the EU sugar market.4 Therefore, the …” „… Commission should fix the levy at a level that is high enough to discourage undertakings from producing more …” „… $ 260 in 2015,5 the levy fixed by the Commission lies well above the world price for sugar, and can …”

Temporary transfers S. 266-268

„… . Force majeure 6Member States are in charge of the application of EU legislation and therefore have to …” „… facilitate the decision of the Member States the Commission summarised essential criteria developed in the …” „… ECJ’s case law in Commission Notice C(88)16963. It is important to note that force majeure is an …”

Scope S. 59-65

„… cream obtained directly and exclusively from milk. 4 Communication from the Commission to the European …” „… Commission shall adopt “the rules as regards the conditions for disposal of products bought-in under public …” „… Cfr. e.g. Art. 130 on import licences. 5 Emphasis added. 6 Olmi, p. 159. 7 Commission staff working …”

Introduction to Chapter II S. 528-534

„… . Recitals: Recital 102 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007. 1Art. 121 contains a legal basis for the Commission …” „… measures may be adopted by the Commission in order to implement the provisions of this Chapter. 3For the …” „… agricultural policy as is laid down in Art. 39 TFEU, Art. 42 TFEU provides the EU legislator with the power to …”

b Obligatory regularisation of unlawful plantings planted before 1 September 1998 S. 304-306

„… . 188a(1). By 1 March each year, Member States must communicate to the Commission the areas which were …” „… : 160.00mm 240.00mm 1 In 2007, vines unlawfully planted before 1 September 1998 in the EU were estimated …” „… the EU wine surplus, notwithstanding a statutory marketing prohibition applying to grapes and wine …”

Introduction to Part IV S. 776-778

„… -131/87 Commission/Council [1989] ECR p. 3743, para. 14. 16 ECJ 61/80 Coo¨peratieve Stremsel- en …” „… features of the markets for agricultural products, the Treaty has conferred on the EU-legislator the power …” „… products, the EU-legislator benefits from a large margin of appreciation. While underlining that the …”

Scope S. 44-52

„… the adoption, by the Commission, of detailed rules relating to the whole part. Art. 1 sets the scope …” „… contains a technical indication on how references to Commission papers throughout the entire text have to …” „… System”), to which the EEC (and now the EU) is a signatory. 3 The products included in the scope of the …”

n General rules concerning support programmes S. 385-386

„… breakdown of the allocation of EU funds for each producer Member State for the period 2009–2013 …” „… cumulation of EU and national funding3, national aid may be granted for promotion measures (Art. 103p …” „… http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/index. 1 [Art. 103n] Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 of 29 April 2008 on the common organisation of …”

Introduction to Subsection II S. 307-309

„… plantings insofar as it declares such areas ineligible for support under national or EU measures. The mere …” „… adopted by the Commission. Those rules may include: (a) details on the communication requirements of …” „… 555/2008 foresees that the Commission may decide that, according to the scope of the failure, for every …”

Exceptions S. 783-791

„… foresee any constitutive clearance procedure under competition law by the Commission or national …” „… national competition law to agriculture 10 In addition to the EU-competition rules, national competition …” „… Commission or create the risk of such conflict18. Article 176 Exceptions 1. Article 81(1) of the Treaty shall …”

Minimum export prices S. 772-773

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Implementing provisions2: Commission Regulation (EC) No …” „… 296/20093; Commission Regulation (EC) No 1081/20084; Commission Regulation (EC) No 1041/20085. 1In certain …” „… cases agricultural products may benefit, under international agreements concluded by the EU in …”

Fat content S. 260-263

„… accordance with rules to be established by the Commission. 4. For new producers having an individual quota …” „… accordance with rules to be established by the Commission. 5. The individual reference fat content referred …” „… by the Commission. Implementing provisions: Arts 7, 10, 12 of Commission Regulation (EC) 595/2004 …”

Guaranteed price S. 700

„… total of the quantities referred to in Art. 153(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007”, the Commission …” „… Sugar Protocol commitments The Commission may adopt measures to ensure that the ACP/Indian sugar is …” „… Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007. Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No 828/20091. Literature …”

Eligible products S. 105-106

„… Commission (subsect. I). Up to now, the level of private storage aid was fixed in advance by the Commission …” „… eligible products, the granting of the aid is optional, which in itself means that the Commission, based on …” „… enacted for these products (subsect. II). 6 The Commission has laid down general rules for the …”

Introduction to Subsection III S. 316-317

„… measures Detailed rules for the implementation of this Subsection shall be adopted by the Commission. Those …” „… : See introduction to Section IVa and Subsection II 1Art. 85n provides for the Commission’s competence …” „… area under vines and its effect on the produced quantity of wine in the EU market proved insufficient …”

e Producer groups in the fruit and vegetables sector S. 556-557

„… long. 2. Before acceptance of the recognition plan, Member States shall inform the Commission of their …” „… Commission Regulation (EC) No 1580/2007 of 21 December 2007 laying down implementing rules of Council …” „… for the adaptation of their fruit and vegetables sectors to the EU requirements, they have the …”

Conditions of granting for olive oil S. 109-110

„… falling of the average price of white sugar, applied EU-wide, under the reference price which is fixed in …” „… and is likely to remain at that level given the market situation, Art. 32 provides the Commission with …” „… the power to open the said aid scheme. 3 Art. 32 leaves the Commission with a very wide margin of …”

c Accompanying documents and register in the wine sector S. 828-829

„… Article may be adopted by the Commission and may, in particular, include rules on penalties to be applied …” „… Regulation (EC) No 479/20082. Implementing provisions: Arts 6–19 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 436/20093 …” „… the Member States’ reporting obligations towards the Commission with regard to the information …”

Cases of inactivity S. 264-266

„… national quota 6National reserves are also replenished by quota allocations from the EU, such as those …” „… national reserve. II. Force majeure 6Member States are in charge of the application of EU legislation and …” „… . 72(3). In order to facilitate the decision of the Member States the Commission summarised essential …”

Suspension of import duties in the sugar sector S. 672-674

„… levels are fixed several times during each year with updates of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1580/2007 …” „… exceeded, the Commission levies an additional duty32 unless the imports are unlikely to disturb the Union …” „… The Commission may suspend import duties in whole or in part for certain quantities in respect of the …”

Aid for the acquisition of quotas S. 279-280

„… Spain v Commission of the European Communities Case C-173/02 [2004] ECR I-09735. 1 The purpose of Art …” „… treatment. 2 In the case Spain v Commission2 the ECJ expressed its views on the issue of national support …” „… policy of the EU.3 The ECJ held furthermore that in the context of the CMO for milk products, only State …”

h Implementing rules S. 375-376

„… of the Common Market Organisation for wine: Final report prepared for European Commission-DG …” „… of Art. 184 requires the Commission to present a report on the application of the European School …” „… , by appropriate proposals. The Commission made already clear that its report will pay particular …”

Method of production of agricultural ethyl alcohol S. 515-516

„… would be in contradiction with EU state aid rules. The Commission recently made a proposal which would …” „… laid down by the Commission. Recitals: Recital 120 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 and recital 4 of …” „… and the application of EU state aid rules with some provisional exceptions for Germany5. The aims …”

a Transfer of amounts available in the wine sector to rural development S. 858-859

„… 1290/2005 the Commission may decide to exclude from financing sums charged to the EU budget if it finds that …” „… Further details with regard to the prosecution and recovery of irregularities are laid down in Commission …” „… Commission Regulation (EC) No 1848/2006 of 14 December 2006 concerning irregularities and the recovery of …”

a Agreements and concerted practices in the fruit and vegetables sector S. 791-793

„… Under the conditions of Art. 263 TFEU, decisions of the Commission can be attacked within two months …” „… concerted practices have been notified to the Commission; (b) within two months of receipt of all the …” „… details required the Commission has not found that the agreements, decisions or concerted practices are …”

Transitional rules S. 889-890

„… implementing rules by the Commission3 or which have become redundant4 following the incorporation of those …” „… that implementing acts adopted by the EU institutions on the basis of those Regulations and amendments …” „… made by those Regulations to other acts of EU law are not affected by the repeal thereof. Article 202 …”

v De minimis S. 323-324

„… Member State’s area under vine in that specific year. In both cases the Commission has discretion as …” „… steep-slope areas and the provision refers to Commission implementing rules for further guidance. Under para …” „… potential situation in the EU. The Member States concerned are Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvi …”

Sugar disposal S. 96-98

„… 18 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007. Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EU) No 807/20101 …” „… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm particular, the sectoral CMO indicated that the Commission …” „… the Commission’s detailed rules of implementation.7 Tendering procedures may also be restricted to …”

Marketing years S. 54-55

„… Regulation (EC) No 1290/ 2005 of 21 June 2005 on the financing of the CAP.2 In order to implement EU law the …” „… EU has to rely and build upon the administration of the Member States. Prior to the adoption of the …” „… years shall, if necessary, be fixed by the Commission. Recitals: Recital 9 of Regulation (EC) No …”

d Application for protection relating to a geographical area in a third country S. 474-475

„… Commission, either directly from the applicant or via the authorities of the third country concerned. 3. The …” „… proof that the name in question is protected in its country of origin. 2In short the EU-wide protection …” „… , which is a logic consequence of the fact that the Commission is not in position to carry out in respect …”

o Designation of competent control authority S. 490-491

„… http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/e-bacchus/index.cfm. 1 [Art. 118o] Commission regulation (EC) No 607/2009 of 14 July 2009 laying down certain detailed …” „… The Commission shall establish and maintain an electronic register of protected designations of origin …” „… provisions: Art. 18 of Regulation (EC) No 607/20091. 1The Commission maintains the “Register of protected …”

Payment of subscription by non-members S. 580-583

„… States under their own rules (interbranch organisations) or under the previously applicable EU rules …” „… requirements imposed on Member States – that the Commission is informed of Member States’ recognition and …” „… Commission, without the assistance of the Committee referred to in Article 195(1), where recognition has been …”

Specific national provisions S. 796-798

„… Commission authorisation, aids for the production and marketing of reindeer and reindeer products (CN ex 0208 …” „… traditional levels of production. 2. Subject to Commission authorisation, Finland may grant aid for certain …” „… shall transmit to the Commission a detailed report on the results of the aid authorised. 3. Member …”

Intervention limits S. 87-90

„… Regulation (EU) No 1272/2009. The Commission may also reject pending offers where appropriate. 4 Commission …” „… under Art. 12(1)(c), which indicates that the Commission shall open public intervention if the average …” „… indicated above are no longer fulfilled, shall be done by the Commission acting without the assistance of …”

Community origin S. 65-67

„… Community”2, with explicit references to EU customs rules in the implementing provisions3. 3 Butter and …” „… complex determination of the origin of meat, which can thus only be understood through recourse to the EU …” „… in beef and veal, OJ 1999 L 160, p.21. 3 Art. 4(2)(d) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1669/2006 of 8 …”

Conditions for measures to be applied in cases of disturbances and implementing rules S. 831

„… disrupt the availability of supply on the EU market and where that situation is likely to continue or to …” „… deteriorate, the Commission may take the necessary measures for the sector concerned. It may in particular …” „… adopted by the Commission. Recitals: Recital 95 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007; recitals 5 and 6 of …”

Construction of references S. 889

„… implementing rules by the Commission3 or which have become redundant4 following the incorporation of those …” „… that implementing acts adopted by the EU institutions on the basis of those Regulations and amendments …” „… made by those Regulations to other acts of EU law are not affected by the repeal thereof. Article 202 …”

Carry forward of surplus sugar S. 232-234

„… the Commission aimed to improve the industrial uses of sugar by making industrial sugar available at a …” „… price corresponding to the world price.7 With the reform of the EU sugar CMO such an arrangement would …” „… agree on new supply and price arrangements, the Commission has seen itself forced twice to establish and …”

Surplus levy S. 280-287

„… of the Agricultural Funds, the Commission shall deduct a sum equivalent to the unpaid surplus levy …” „… . Before taking its decision, the Commission shall warn the Member State concerned, which shall make its …” „… Commission shall determine the arrangements for the implementation of this Article. Recitals: Recital 4 of …”

Export refund fixation S. 729-733

„… amended by Commission Regulation (EU) No 278/2010 of 31 March 2010 amending Regulation (EC) No 1276/2008 …” „… L 339, p. 53, last amended by Commission Regulation (EU) No 278/2010 of 31 March 2010 amending …” „… fixed by the Commission. Refunds may be fixed: (a) at regular intervals; (b) by invitation to tender for …”

u Exemptions S. 321-323

„… ) and aims to ensure that farmers who receive EU payments look after the respective land in an …” „… Commission may decide to stop the application of the grubbing-up scheme in a Member State if, taking into …” „… Commission may decide to stop the application of the grubbing-up scheme in a Member State for a given year if …”

Quota management S. 222-225

„… Commission shall decide by 28 February 2010 the common percentage needed to reduce the existing quotas for …” „… Articles 3 and 4a(4) of Regulation (EC) No 320/2006, the Commission shall fix the percentage by way of …” „… quotas by the Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 II …”

Producer organisations S. 534-539

„… organisation.23 II. Aid to producer organisations 25In some sectors, the EU provides financial incentives for …” „… 1868/94, (EC) No 2596/97, (EC) No 1182/2005 and (EC) No 315/2007, OJ 2009 L 30, p. 1. 3 Commission …” „… 2200/96, No 2201/96 and No 1182/2007 in the fruit and vegetable sector, OJ 2007 L 350, p. 1. 4 Commission …”

j Homonyms S. 480-482

„… up as follows: 1. Submission: The application shall be sent to the Commission either directly by the …” „… involving only third countries the application shall be forwarded to the Commission either by one of the …” „… , no provisions are given in respect of national procedures as the EU may not impose obligations on …”

National quotas S. 244-247

„… means in current EU law a limitation of the right to produce irrespective of the instruments and …” „… taken by the Commission on the basis of a report to be submitted by Bulgaria and Romania to the …” „… Commission by 31 December 2008. This report shall detail the results and trends of the actual restructuring …”

Public intervention periods S. 80-83

„… limits, the Commission may decide to “continue” intervention, but always within the intervention period …” „… diversion of cereals from other Member States to Sweden for intervention, the Commission would adopt …” „… . According to the Commission, this drop in world market prices had “a direct effect on market prices in the …”

Contribution of producers to the surplus levy due S. 287-288

„… to 17 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 595/2004. Case law: Case C-290/91 Textilveredlungsunion GmbH …” „… to the Member State for payment of their contribution to the surplus levy due to the EU. The precise …” „… direct sales, before 1 October each year2. The ECJ has acknowledged that currently EU law does not …”

Opening of public intervention S. 83-87

„… skimmed milk powder was thus set to expire on 28 February 201020. This enabled the Commission to prolong …” „… 1038/2009 also establishes that the Commission may decide (in accordance with the procedure laid down in Art …” „… opened for beef and veal by the Commission, without the assistance of the Committee referred to in …”

Introduction to Chapter II S. 620-624

„… a substantial role in the management of the access of third country products to the EU market. A …” „… disturbances on the EU market due to imports, where the bound tariff level does not provide enough protection …” „… by a 90-page and 250 Articles-long Council Regulation14 as well as a 850-pages Commission Regulation …”

Common provisions concerning producer and interbranch organisations S. 544-546

„… interbranch organisations in the EU agricultural legislation. Concentration and coordination of supply, joint …” „… foreseen in the initial Commission’s proposal on the sCMO Regulation.2 Moreover, it has been substantially …” „… the sCMO Regulation provides for recognition of producer or interbranch organisations based on the EU …”

Tobacco Fund S. 406-410

„… www.help-eu.com. 13 2006/472/EC: Commission Decision of 4 July 2006 definitively allocating between the Member …” „… measures necessary for the implementation of this Section shall be adopted by the Commission. Those …” „… through Community funds is to be communicated and publicized 1With this provision, the EU legislator has …”

Products eligible for public intervention S. 76-80

„… transmit weighted average prices to the Commission. Appropriate confidentiality of data shall be guaranteed …” „… 14. 12Each month, the Commission shall inform the Management Committee of the average market price …” „… requirements and conditions to be determined by the Commission in accordance with Article 43: 8 Art. 13(1) of …”

Repeals S. 888-889

„… Commission3 or which have become redundant4 following the incorporation of those sectors in the sCMO. 2 The …” „… adopted by the EU institutions on the basis of those Regulations and amendments made by those Regulations …” „… to other acts of EU law are not affected by the repeal thereof. Article 202 Construction of …”

m Eligible measures S. 384-385

„… Commission was substantially enlarged by the EU legislator as only the measures listed in a), b), c), d), e …” „… allocation of EU funds for each producer Member State for the period 2009–2013 corresponding to the …” „… of EU and national funding3, national aid may be granted for promotion measures (Art. 103p), harvest …”

q Conditions of eligibility S. 318-319

„… structural surplus in wine production in the EU (see recital 68 of Regulation (EC) No 479/2008). The …” „… relate to prior EU support which such an area may have been receiving. Where support as defined in point …” „… granted shall be fixed by the Commission. 2. The specific amount of the grubbing-up premium shall be …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1234/2007: Recitals, list of amendments S. 2-24

„… 20 November 2009, OJ 2009 L 312, p. 4 Commission Regulation (EU) No 513/2010 of 15 June 2010, OJ 2010 …” „… Regulation (EC) No 470/2008 of 26 May 2008, OJ 2008 L 140, p. 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 510/2008 of 6 …” „… . 1 Council Regulation (EC) No 72/2009 of 19 January 2009, OJ 2009 L 30, p. 1 Commission Regulation …”

Calculation of import duties for husked basmati rice S. 654

„… :// ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/rice/publi/com2009_314_en.pdf). 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 172/2009 of 4 March 2009 fixing the import duties …” „… Annex XVIII shall qualify for a zero rate of import duty under the conditions fixed by the Commission …” „… for semi-milled or wholly milled rice falling within CN code 1006 30 shall be fixed by the Commission …”

Calculation of import duties for milled rice S. 654

„… :// ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/rice/publi/com2009_314_en.pdf). 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 172/2009 of 4 March 2009 fixing the import duties …” „… Annex XVIII shall qualify for a zero rate of import duty under the conditions fixed by the Commission …” „… for semi-milled or wholly milled rice falling within CN code 1006 30 shall be fixed by the Commission …”

Conditions and aid-level for cheese (repealed) S. 107

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm advance by the Commission) or, for the maximum level of …” „… aid (when the Commission opens a tendering procedure and decides on a maximum level of aid beyond …” „… which offers will not be accepted), the Commission takes into account three elements: – a fixed amount …”

n Register S. 490

„… http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/wine/e-bacchus/index.cfm. 1 [Art. 118o] Commission regulation (EC) No 607/2009 of 14 July 2009 laying down certain detailed …” „… The Commission shall establish and maintain an electronic register of protected designations of origin …” „… provisions: Art. 18 of Regulation (EC) No 607/20091. 1The Commission maintains the “Register of protected …”

Implementing rules S. 703

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm III. Procedure 9 Pursuant to Art. 156, the Commission is …” „… between sugar producers in third countries and EU importers are based on long-term supply contracts. Based …” „… Commission, in particular to comply with international agreements. They may include amendments to Annex XIX …”

Reference prices S. 67-74

„… eligibility clause linked to EU origin, while preserving the pre-existing sectorspecific language. This is …” „… possibility was also given to the Commission to withdraw sugar from the market to maintain the structural …” „… trigger for consideration by the Commission to grant private storage aid for some products. It also …”

Interbranch organisations S. 539-544

„… organisations in the EU agricultural legislation. Ensuring that production is planned and adjusted to demand …” „… territories of several Member States, recognition shall be granted by the Commission without the assistance of …” „… of the market in fruit and vegetables, OJ No 1996 L 297, p. 1. 5 Commission Regulation (EC) No …”

Specific provisions for the milk and milk products sector S. 796

„… Commission authorisation, aids for the production and marketing of reindeer and reindeer products (CN ex 0208 …” „… traditional levels of production. 2. Subject to Commission authorisation, Finland may grant aid for certain …” „… shall transmit to the Commission a detailed report on the results of the aid authorised. 3. Member …”

Conditions of granting for white sugar S. 108-109

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 1Art. 31(1) empowers the Commission to grant aid for …” „… for the Commission to fix an aid each year, as opposed to the rules laid down in Art. 28 sCMO for …” „… butter. It results from the second subpara. of para. 1 that the Commission can modify the list of meat …”

Eligible products S. 107-108

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm advance by the Commission) or, for the maximum level of …” „… aid (when the Commission opens a tendering procedure and decides on a maximum level of aid beyond …” „… which offers will not be accepted), the Commission takes into account three elements: – a fixed amount …”

Additional import duties S. 664-672

„… concluded that “the Commission was authorised to enact special rules for calculating the customs value of …” „… Community market, or where the effects would be disproportionate to the intended objective. 17 Commission …” „… 614/20092, Commission Regulation (EC) No 1484/953, Commission Regulation (EC) No 504/20074, Arts. 34–39 of …”

Implementing rules S. 674-675

„… corresponding to the world price, which has been generally much lower than the EU market price. The suspension …” „… competitive offers from the sugar industry. III. Procedure 5In application of Art. 143, the Commission sets …” „… subsequent marketing years. The Commission usually suspends the duty for quantities representing half of the …”

Conditions of granting for pigmeat S. 110-111

„… 103 % of the reference price, the Commission may decide to grant aid for private storage. Recitals …” „… , implementing provisions and literature: See Introduction to Section III. 1Art. 34 allows the Commission to …” „… products at EU level is less than the reference price and if there are signals that this situation will …”

w Complementary national aid S. 324

„… and Subsection III Pursuant to Art. 85w Member States may top-up the EU financed grubbing-up premium …” „… by up to 75 %. Under Art. 85x(e) the Commission may lay down reporting requirements concerning this …” „… measures Detailed rules for the implementation of this Subsection shall be adopted by the Commission. Those …”

Calculation of import duties for husked rice S. 653-654

„… :// ec.europa.eu/agriculture/markets/rice/publi/com2009_314_en.pdf). 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 172/2009 of 4 March 2009 fixing the import duties …” „… are considered by the Commission and the importers themselves as relevant for the market and as the …” „… products, the Commissions adds to them a premium (which is a price element in US grain trade containing …”

Conditions of granting for sheepmeat and goatmeat S. 111-112

„… Ireland and for the rest of the EU by Member State. The Commission has not further specified the test to …” „… 103 % of the reference price, the Commission may decide to grant aid for private storage. Recitals …” „… , implementing provisions and literature: See Introduction to Section III. 1 Art. 37 allows the Commission to …”

Implementing rules S. 643

„… . 133a(2) are applied. Article 134 Implementing rules The Commission shall adopt the detailed rules for …” „… sector (Art. 133a). 2 For details regarding the implementing powers conferred to the Commission, cfr …” „… Parliament and the Council, Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/933, Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/874 …”

Implementing rules S. 203-204

„… Implementing rules The Commission may adopt the detailed rules for the implementation of this Section and, in …” „… legal basis provides for the possibility for the Commission to adopt implementing rules, in particular …” „… concern the possibility for the Commission to decide the withdrawal from the market until the end of a …”

Agreements and concerted practices in the tobacco sector S. 793-794

„… (implicit) decision of the Commission to clear the agreements have been obtained through incorrect …” „… activity which the EU-legislator has explicitly foreseen for such organisations in Art. 123 and other …” „… nature of an agreement as the ones set out in a) to e) of para. 4 could be invoked by the Commission to …”

y Use of concentrated grape must S. 403-404

„… entirety of their producers. 7 In accordance to Art. 28 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/2008 – Member …” „… States which open a crisis distillation must inform the Commission through a modification of their …” „… year 3 and 15 % in year 4. 9 Pursuant to Art. 29 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/2008, the aid is …”

Application of Articles 87, 88 and 89 of the Treaty S. 795-796

„… subject to approval by the Commission (following the wording, in comitology2) and does not foresee any of …” „… sectors The Commission may adopt the detailed rules for the application of Articles 176a, 177 and 178 …” „… 195 and 196, points 5 et seq. 3 Von Rintelen, Art. 127. 4 Commission Regulation (EC) No 709/2008 of 24 …”

Conditions of granting for products of the beef and veal sector S. 110

„… 103 % of the reference price, the Commission may decide to grant aid for private storage. Recitals …” „… , implementing provisions and literature: See Introduction to Section III. 1Art. 34 allows the Commission to …” „… products at EU level is less than the reference price and if there are signals that this situation will …”

Conditions of granting for skimmed milk powder (repealed) S. 110

„… 103 % of the reference price, the Commission may decide to grant aid for private storage. Recitals …” „… , implementing provisions and literature: See Introduction to Section III. 1Art. 34 allows the Commission to …” „… products at EU level is less than the reference price and if there are signals that this situation will …”

Conditions of granting for cheese (repealed) S. 110

„… 103 % of the reference price, the Commission may decide to grant aid for private storage. Recitals …” „… , implementing provisions and literature: See Introduction to Section III. 1Art. 34 allows the Commission to …” „… products at EU level is less than the reference price and if there are signals that this situation will …”

l Content of support programmes S. 383-384

„… . 2The proposal tabled by the Commission was substantially enlarged by the EU legislator as only the …” „… : Recital 9 of Regulation (EC) No 479/20081. Implementing provisions: Arts 2–3 of Commission Regulation (EC …” „… the Commission. Arts. 2 and 3 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/2008 give further details on the …”

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1140/2009 of 20 November 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation) S. 1036-1037

„… particular Article 37 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, Having regard to the …” „… Commission can take measures in cases of disturbances of the market of certain agricultural products where …” „… milk and milk products, thus enabling the Commission to react to market disturbances in a flexible and …”

za Implementing measures S. 406

„… measures necessary for the implementation of this Section shall be adopted by the Commission. Those …” „… through Community funds is to be communicated and publicized 1With this provision, the EU legislator has …” „… granted to the Commission implementing powers, subject to a comitology procedure, with regard to any …”

i Financial contributions of non-member producers S. 565-566

„… a back-up clause. Whenever the Commission finds that the provisions of the present subsection are …” „… not respected, it shall order the repeal of the extension. III. Effects of the Commission Decision 9 …” „… The Commission can order a Member State to repeal the extension of the rules if one of the conditions …”

e Implementing measures S. 307

„… plantings insofar as it declares such areas ineligible for support under national or EU measures. The mere …” „… adopted by the Commission. Those rules may include: (a) details on the communication requirements of …” „… 555/2008 foresees that the Commission may decide that, according to the scope of the failure, for every …”

a Potato starch quotas S. 296-299

„… 72/20092. Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No 571/20093. Case law: Case C-94/05 Emsland …” „… reform was explained by the necessity to enhance the competitiveness of agriculture in the EU and to …” „… , an overall quota for the production of potato starch in the EU has been fixed in Ann. Xa at around …”

d Accompanying measures S. 306-307

„… 2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm 9The Commission will also have to be apprised of those …” „… shall impose penalties in case of non-compliance. 3. Member States shall notify the Commission of the …” „… Commission. Article 85d1 Accompanying measures Areas referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 85b(1 …”

i Replanting rights S. 311-313

„… , that is to say it does not alter the overall EU area under vines and does hence tend to not increase …” „… productive. The Commission implementing rules in Art. 63 of Regulation (EC) No 555/2008 foresee the deposit …” „… applicable EU or Member States’ legislation. 7Under para. 7, existing replanting rights awarded under …”

n Implementing measures S. 316

„… measures Detailed rules for the implementation of this Subsection shall be adopted by the Commission. Those …” „… : See introduction to Section IVa and Subsection II 1Art. 85n provides for the Commission’s competence …” „… area under vines and its effect on the produced quantity of wine in the EU market proved insufficient …”

w Potable alcohol distillation S. 400-401

„… result from the abrupt abolition of market mechanism so financed by the EU budget. 3With particular …” „… the Member States and communicated to the Commission. 5In order to avoid distortion of competition …” „… ) No 2392/86 and (EC) No 1493/ 1999, OJ 2008 L 148, p. 1. 2 Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/2008 of …”

k Submission of support programmes S. 381-383

„… submit to the Commission a draft five-year support programme containing measures in accordance with this …” „… most appropriate. Before being submitted to the Commission, the support programme shall be subject to …” „… . Support programmes shall become applicable three months after their submission to the Commission. However …”

Emergency S. 859-861

„… 191 Emergency The Commission shall adopt the measures which are both necessary and justifiable in an …” „… : Recital 98 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007. 1 Art. 191 contains a legal basis authorising the Commission …” „… having recourse to Art. 191, in particular: – Art. 44 sCMO allows the Commission to adopt exceptional …”

Registration of contracts in the hops sector S. 823-825

„… which were assigned to the Commission by the Council both prior to and after the adoption of the sCMO …” „… the Commission to accompany its reports by appropriate legislative proposals. Such proposals were …” „… be used only for the purposes of this Regulation. 4. The Commission shall lay down the detailed rules …”

x Implementing measures S. 324-325

„… and Subsection III Pursuant to Art. 85w Member States may top-up the EU financed grubbing-up premium …” „… by up to 75 %. Under Art. 85x(e) the Commission may lay down reporting requirements concerning this …” „… measures Detailed rules for the implementation of this Subsection shall be adopted by the Commission. Those …”

h Repeal of the extension of rules S. 563-565

„… Commission level. In order to enable the Commission to assess these rules according to Art. 125h, Member …” „… States have to notify the Commission of the rules which they have made binding. 2 The Commission shall …” „… ), 125k(6) and 125m(1). Article 125h Repeal of the extension of rules The Commission shall decide that a …”

Certification for hops S. 454-456

„… equivalent to the certificate. 5. Measures derogating from paragraph 4 may be adopted by the Commission: (a …” „… 240.00mm Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No 1850/20061. Contents: I. General purpose …” „… product, general rules for certification of 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1850/2006 of 14 December 2006 …”

s Procedure and budget S. 320-321

„… applications received, process eligible applications and notify to the Commission by 15 October each year the …” „… Commission shall set a single percentage for acceptance of the amounts notified if the total amount notified …” „… to the Commission by Member States exceeds the available budget resources, regard being had, where …”

v By-product distillation S. 399-400

„… shall be based on collection and processing costs and fixed by the Commission. 3. The alcohol resulting …” „… ) No 479/20081. Implementing provisions: Arts 21–25 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 555/20082. 1 Under …” „… and producers’ income, the system con- 8 According to Art. 20 of Commission Regulation (EC) No …”

Implementing rules S. 692-693

„… agreement, the EU will cut its import tariff on bananas in stages, from the current rate of E176/tonne to E …” „… Member States6. Article 148 Implementing rules The Commission shall adopt detailed rules for the …” „… commentary on tariff quotas (Arts 144 to 146) and tariff rates for bananas (Art. 147). 5 Commission …”

Export refund distribution S. 727-729

„… agricultural products, OJ 2009 L 186, p. 1, last amended by Commission Regulation (EU) No 278/2010 of 31 March …” „… : Commission Regulation (EC) No 612/20091. Case-law: See Arts 164 and 167. Literature: See Art. 162. 1 Art. 163 …” „… in Ann. II to Commission Regulation (EC) No 1043/2005. 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 612/2009 of 7 …”

Implementing rules S. 299-300

„… concerning sugar, milk and potato starch quota Article 851 Implementing rules The Commission shall adopt the …” „… ) derogations from the dates laid down in Article 63. Commission Regulation (EC) No 595/20042 lays down detailed …” „… with vines in the EU. 2Subsect. I on Unlawful Plantings consists of a set of provisions dealing with …”

v Protection S. 499-500

„… out for the recognition, the Commission may decide to remove the name concerned from the list set out …” „… of the application for protection of traditional term to the Commission, providing the traditional …” „… Regulations (EEC) No. 2392/86 and (EC) No. 1493/1999, OJ 2008 L 148, p. 1. 2 Commission Regulation (EC) No …”

Quota allocation S. 217-218

„… quotas set out in Ann. VI are adjusted yearly by the Commission,2 and for the marketing years 2009/2010 …” „… have been allocated quotas.5 As a result of the restructuring of the EU sugar sector, five Member …” „… throughout the whole of the EU except in Cyprus, Estonia, Luxembourg and Malta. Now, also Bulgaria, Ireland …”

a Scope S. 466-467

„… are based on. 2Much of the new EU wine policy focuses and relies on two key elements which are …” „… of the quality of the EU’s wine products in order to strengthen their competitiveness and facilitate …” „… 148, p. 1. 2 Commission Regulation (EC) No 607/2009 of 14 July 2009 laying down certain detailed rules …”

Aid for the supply of milk products to pupils S. 343-345

„… scheme are laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 2921/90 of 10 October 1990 on aid for the …” „… determined by the Commission, Community aid shall be granted for supplying to pupils in educational …” „… establishments certain 4 OJ 1990 L 279, p. 22 as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1487/2006, OJ 2006 …”

Marketing standards for fats S. 445-448

„… EU-legislation which was able to convince the Commission to present a proposal in addition to the already adopted …” „… 1234/2007. Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No 445/20071. 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No …” „… B2 9.1.431; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm Case-law: Case 216/84 Commission v France [1988] ECR 793 …”

j Extension of rules of associations of producer organisations S. 566-567

„… producer members excludes that expenditure which is financed by the EU contribution in accordance with Arts …” „… associations of producer organisations. 3 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1580/2007 of 21 December 2007 laying …” „… granting recognition Member States shall notify the Commission of the interbranch organisations which have …”

k Recognition and withdrawal of recognition S. 567-571

„… shall notify the Commission of the interbranch organisations which have applied for recognition …” „… with all other information needed for an assessment. The Commission may object to recognition within a …” „… 176a(2); (d) notify the Commission, within two months, of any decision to grant, refuse or withdraw …”

m Stricter national rules S. 315-316

„… measures Detailed rules for the implementation of this Subsection shall be adopted by the Commission. Those …” „… : See introduction to Section IVa and Subsection II 1Art. 85n provides for the Commission’s competence …” „… area under vines and its effect on the produced quantity of wine in the EU market proved insufficient …”

Introduction to Section III S. 336-338

„… price6, with an option for the Commission to continued public intervention beyond these quantities by …” „… made optional i.e. may only be used when on the basis of a market analysis by the Commission their …” „… required that the national financial contribution should be at least 50 % of the EU contribution. Over time …”

a Potato starch premium S. 331-333

„… starch content of the potatoes. 3. The Commission shall adopt the detailed rules for the implementation …” „… 2009 on modifications to the Common Agricultural Policy. Implementing rules: Commission Regulation (EC …” „… for the Commission to issue implementing rules (para. 3) which the latter has done by adoption of …”

Carcass classification S. 116-120

„… of the Community by a Community inspection committee composed of experts from the Commission and …” „… experts appointed by the Member States. This Committee shall report back to the Commission and the Member …” „… carried out. Recital: Recital 20 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007. Implementing provisions: Commission …”

c Association of producer organisations in the fruit and vegetables sector S. 554-555

„… , Child, point. 10.003; ECJ, 322/81 Michelin v Commission [1983] ECR para. 57. 13 See von Rintelen …” „… down specific rules as regards the fruit and vegetable sector, OJ 2007 L 273, p. 1. 2 Commission …” „… benefit from EU financial assistance.3 II. The conditions for recognition 3 Art. 125c contains four …”

d Outsourcing S. 555-556

„… benefit from EU financial assistance.3 II. The conditions for recognition 3 Art. 125c contains four …” „… shall inform the Commission of their intentions and the likely financial implications thereof. 1 Council …” „… vegetable sector, OJ 2007 L 273, p. 1. 2 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1580/2007 of 21 December 2007 laying …”

Calculation of import duties for cereals S. 649-653

„… , as also the need for proper judicial review, is sufficiently met as long as the Commission…puts at …” „… given product should be realistically worth when arriving at the EU customs border. This “theoretical …” „… provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No 1249/961. Case-law: Case 64/82 Tradax Graanhandel BV v Commission …”

Granting of export refund S. 734-756

„… yearly. Currently, the nomenclature is laid down in Commission Regulation (EU) No 1298/2009.5 9 Although …” „… . 1, last amended by Commission Regulation (EU) No 494/2010 of 25 May 2010 amending Annex I to Council …” „… Elaiou AE [1987] ECR 4319; Case 31/69 Commission/Italian Republic [1970] ECR 25; Case C-120/05 Heinrich …”

Definitions S. 240-244

„… Commission; (c) ‘producer’ means a farmer with a holding located within the geographical territory of a …” „… products by a producer. The Commission may, while respecting the definition of ‘delivery’ given in point (f …” „… [2003] ECR I-4353. Implementing provisions: Art. 23 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 595/2004. 1 …”

a Rules of association of producer organisations S. 547-551

„… Commission Regulation (EC) No 867/2008 of 3 September 2008 laying down detailed rules for the application of …” „… -4515; Case T-432/07 France v Commission [2009] ECR II-188. Literature: Bellamy, Child, European …” „… sector, OJ 2007 L 273, p. 1. 2 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1580/2007 of 21 December 2007 laying down …”

b Marketing of the meat of bovine animals aged 12 months or less S. 430-437

„… Regulation 361/20083. Implementing provisions: Commission Regulation (EC) No 566/20084. Contents: I …” „… (Single CMO Regulation), OJ 2008 L 121, p. 1. 4 Commission Regulation (EC) No 566/2008 of 18 June 2008 …” „… product they were buying. On that basis, several Member States requested the Commission to submit …”

Operator organisations S. 546-547

„… framework of generally applicable EU law, in particular the competition rules.5 III. Transition rule 6The …” „… organisation, the producer members may: 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 867/2008 of 3 September 2008 laying …”

Index S. 1038-1045

„… – trade with third countries pre 128, 129 26, 128 2, 129 Comitology – Commission-alone acts 195, 196 10 et …” „… procedure 195, 196 8 et seq. Commission powers 4 Committee 195 Common wheat Community origin – meaning 7 5 …” „… 118o – definitions 118b – EU procedure 118f–118i 3 – existing protected wine names 118s – fees 118t …”

Transfers of quotas together with land S. 268-275

„… the transferring producer would charge the EU milk market with unwanted milk that is not covered by a …” „… producer. However, the aim of the EU milk quota 23 ECJ C-15/95 EARL de Kerlast, para. 28. 24 ECJ C-15/95 …” „… Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1546/88 of 3 June 1988 laying down detailed rules for the application of the …”

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