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Dieter Nohlen, Philip Stöver - Elections in Europe

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Dieter Nohlen (ed.), Philip Stöver (ed.)

Elections in Europe

2010

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Dieter Nohlen Elections and Electoral Systems S. 1-68

„… years, Elections and Electoral Systems 6 for example, to eliminate corrupt electoral practices …” „… translated into practice in many countries, as a result of various waves of democratization (see Huntington …” „… plebiscites or referendums may put this theory into practice. The extreme case occurs when the electorate is …”

Dieter Nohlen, Philip Stöver Elections in Europe S. 69-124

„… practice of dual heads of government. 3. Democratization and Electoral Provisions In addressing the …” „… formally granted, but applied more or less in practice. i Secrecy of the vote was not formally granted …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… the choice or design of an electoral system. The best system is the one that fits best in changing …” „… Hungary 1944-1948. Mr. Hubai is the owner and chief editor of one of the best websites on …” „… electoral behavior and party systems in Europe and North America, theory and practice of policy advice, and …”

Stephen White Russia S. 1623-1668

„… civilization of a different and distinctive kind? Peter the Great (who ruled from 1682 to 1725) did his best …” „… more difficult to reshape practices and social structures that had been formed over long periods of …” „… richest businessmen, and argued that this was at best a hybrid and at worse a form of authoritarian rule …”

Glossary S. 2061-2070

„… average formula—the best known examples are the d’Hondt formula and the Saint-Laguë formula—is as follows …” „… vote (in MMCs). Gerrymandering: The practice of drawing electoral district boundaries to suit the …”

Josep M. Vallès, Dieter Nohlen Spain S. 1803-1840

„… centers. Generally speaking, electoral practices were often held under tough government and social …” „… other. The Communists, Franco’s bête noire and his strongest and best organized adversary, were able …” „… and on cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants in order to end practices of personal clientelism …”

Klaus Neukirch Moldava S. 1313-1348

„… two best-placed candidates if no one received a majority of the votes in the first round. Under the …” „… practice, the rulings of the Supreme and the Constitutional Court and, last but not least, on comments …” „… received an absolute majority of the valid votes, a runoff between the two best-placed candidates was held …”

Klaus Poier Austria S. 169-232

„… Landtage. In practice, the new constitution was largely ignored since the resurgence of imperial power led …” „… the possibility of preferential voting. In practice, the reform fell short of expectations. Election …” „… Westenthaler – BZÖ (The Freedom-List – Westenthaler Ticket – BZÖ) DBPb Die Beste Partei (The Best Party) DC …”

Marek Rybář Slovakia S. 1733-1760

„… Service was allegedly involved. This relatively brief period of deviation from principles and practices …” „… between the two best-placed candidates is held within 14 days. To be elected in the runoff, plurality …” „… suffices. If any of the best-placed candidates does not participate in the runoff, the candidate with the …”

Jørgen Elklit Denmark S. 501-564

„… participating ten parties were entitled to participate in the overall allocation of seats (which in practice …” „… government continued—in practice stronger than before, because it had survived its first electoral test …” „… , so the system can best be described as “plurality-plurality”. The issue of open versus secret …”

Dieter Nohlen France S. 639-722

„… political practice did not affirm the permanent validity of the revolutionary principles. In contrast to …” „… process of integrating the principles of the revolution into political practice. It weakened this …” „… was contested by the two best-placed candidates from the second round. After legislative powers were …”

Marian Gallenkamp, Steffen Kassner Slovenia S. 1761-1802

„… NSi-KLS. In the elections of 2000, the LDS achieved its best result so far and consequently led another …” „… two best-placed candidates. - parliamentary elections: PR in MMCs with preferential voting, a …” „… Practice’. East European Quarterly, 33/1: 69h:R/ Fink-Hafner, D. (2000). ‘The Case of Slovenia’, in H …”

Dag Anckar, Carsten Anckar Finland S. 593-638

„… today’s Finland is probably best described as a semi-parliamentary regime. Several political quarters …” „… necessary; in practice, eight such committees are created regularly. A Grand Committee with 45 members is …” „… candidates get elected does not imply that individuals are more important than parties. In practice, as …”

Ralf Lindner, Rainer-Olaf Schultze Germany S. 723-806

„… many respects the Bundesrat differs from other second chambers and may thus best be portrayed as sui …” „… conflicts and a reduction of the available policy space—in spite of the court’s efforts to practice …” „… . Previously, the electoral law at least formally authorized the entry of separate lists. In practice, however …”

Anna Materska-Sosnowska Poland S. 1471-1524

„… December 1921 by a right-wing extremist. The Poland 1473 political practice at the beginning of the 1920s …” „… gains the required votes in the first round, a second round, contested by the two best placed …” „… during the Polish People’s Republic elections were forged and published figures cannot be trusted. Best …”

Marc Thiltgen Luxembourg S. 1227-1270

„… four seats at the elections, whereas the Liberals had scored their best results for two decades and …” „… fine in the range of EUR 500 to 1,000. In practice, however, the sanctions stipulated by the law have …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845223414

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Shawn F. Brown

The Green Book

2024

doi.org/10.5771/9781475874075

SMR - Journal of Service Management Research

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SMR - Journal of Service Management Research

Browse Volumes: SMR - Journal of Service Management Research

SMR Volume 2 (2018) Issue 4 ISSN Online: 2942-3392

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Stefan Michael Genennig, Angela Roth, Julia M. Jonas, Kathrin M. Moslein Value Propositions in Service Systems Enabled by Digital Technology: A Field Based Design Science Approach S. 6-21

„… activity is best understood in terms of service-forservice exchange. Activities are the source of value and …” „… best proceed or fix a problem. Predictive analytics combine past knowledge with models and learning to …” „… application of the framework in practice. The developed results were more substantiated and the way to get …”

Christian Brabander Distribution Districting - The Case of In-Night Express Services S. 36-52

„… practice. 1. Introduction Logistic service providers (LSP) operate distribution networks. In the …” „… problem using a MIP? Do solutions for the DDP from an MIP model perform well in practice? In order to …” „… tons or box trucks having a payload of max. 3.5 tons. In practice, it is important to discuss which …”

Yvonne Graf, Roland Helm Do Different Service Types Require Changes in NSD Processes at Industrial Manufacturers - An Empirical Examination of Personal and Digital Services S. 53-70

„… . Hulland, J., Baumgartner, H., & Smith, K.M. (2018). Marketing survey research best practices: Evidence and …” „… kosteneffi ziente Service Excellence Strategien – Konzepte – Best-Practices: Konferenzband der 5 …” „… excellence and cost effi ciency have to go hand in hand. On basis of best practices this book outlines how …”

Florian Bär, Michael Leyer, Kurt Sandkuhl Reducing the IT Personnel's Workload in IT Self-Services S. 22-35

„… result from a deliberate practice, but from a lack of knowledge about the IT’s license terms. The CIO …” „… their ordering and customization practices. The IT personnel supposed that by adopting a showback system …” „… as a type, especially those of the category “purchase”. To our best knowledge, we are first in …”

doi.org/10.15358/2511-8676-2018-4

Leslie Wehner - Explaining Failed Free Trade Agreement Negotiations

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Leslie Wehner

Explaining Failed Free Trade Agreement Negotiations

Series: Weltwirtschaft und internationale Zusammenarbeit

Volume 9 2010

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Intergovernmental Factors S. 203-226

„… addition, the OECD removed Panama from the list of countries with harmful tax practices in April 2002 (IMF …” „… the first report from the OCDE to set standards of what qualify as harmful tax practices, which did …” „… for their job positions. 208tax practices, or at least for not holding talks on whether it was …”

Theory of Negotiation S. 48-56

„… strategies, although in practice negotiations present a mixed pattern of both strategies. The author presents …” „… constrained by their beliefs on what they think is the best option for them. In other words, negotiators are …” „… or never”. Or the party with the best BATNA can also state that “a new negotiation with a bigger …”

Intergovernmental Factors S. 147-168

„… wanted to assure its capacity to move their capital investment freely. The second best option (the third …” „… liberalisation of sugar after 11 years to reach zero tariff in 2012 was a second best option for Chile in the …” „… best option also meant that Chile should reduce its demands on food products by accepting Panama’s …”

Domestic Factors S. 122-145

„… FTA with the US (FTA Chile-US 2003). In practice, the encaje was not operating since 1998 as it was …” „… the sensitive issues, and as a second best strategy the SNA was against liberalising these products on …” „… second best option in Chile’s early FTAs, according to Luis Schmidt (SNA, 01/04/2008), Raúl Opitz …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845225579

Jörg Kleis - African Regional Community Courts and their Contribution to Continental Integration

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Jörg Kleis

African Regional Community Courts and their Contribution to Continental Integration

Series: Recht und Verfassung in Afrika - Law and Constitution in Africa

Volume 29 2016

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8 Contempt of court – The problem of non-compliance S. 325-355

„… sovereignty to enter into an international agreement. The best protection for sovereign interests … is by …” „… lawyers who tend to practice the law more conservatively while jurists at the international level may …” „… effective in theory as well as in practice. This means that each founding treaty must take precautions for …”

7 Integration through human rights protection S. 286-324

„… Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, ‘Good Governance Practices for the Protection of …” „… for the communities and their organs? Principles can best be appreciated by understanding them as …” „… perspective Olajide v. Nigeria illustrates best why the ECOWASCJ has turned into a de facto human rights court …”

2 Regional integration in Africa S. 60-93

„… It is commonly agreed that such 132 Ibid., p. 8. 133 Ibid., p. 6 (Table 1.2: “Best Practices from …” „… peaceful means of conflict resolution, to promote democratic institutions and practices by member states …” „… is to decide where the ship goes and should always act in the best interests of the shareholders …”

3 African Regional Community Courts S. 94-128

„… protection against itself and consenting to such a proceeding will in practice hardly be considered. The …” „… the highest authorities of SADC at best on- According to the author the content of the report is …” „… concreto, the meaning of this principle can best be described with the help of the 1985 UN Basic Principles …”

6 Relational aspects of regional integration S. 228-285

„… conjuration of the principle of pacta sunt servanda works better in theory than in practice. The Courts are …” „… of administrative principle, a standard practice of following up on allegations of treaty …” „… current trend. Putting legislative theory into practice – experiences from West Africa When the 29th …”

1 Introduction S. 29-59

„… ) of the Treaty Establishing the African Economic Community1 (TAEC) of 1991 describes best what this …” „… and a general part of legal education and practice in Europe. Through its case law, the ECJ has …” „… finding is as trite in theory as it is complicated in practice. But does the shown development also lead …”

5 Procedure of and before Regional Community Courts S. 156-227

„… embracing jurisdiction9, three of which are pertinent to the Courts at bar. They can best be understood by …” „… existing practices.30 But until today, neither the ECOWASCJ nor the EACJ have rendered any arbitral awards …” „… whether the second constellation is relevant in practice. There has not been any case law yet in which a …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845275000

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