Filter results

Results (3953)

Sort by:

Select all Select all

Page 2

Jochen Baier - Das Auswirkungsprinzip im Kartellrecht der USA

No access

Select

Jochen Baier

Das Auswirkungsprinzip im Kartellrecht der USA

Series: Wirtschaftsrecht und Wirtschaftspolitik

Volume 225 2008

Results in this title

Joint Liability Doctrine S. 38-39

„… . Joint Liability DoctrineSchließlich können nach der joint liability doctrine mehrere Beklagte einzeln …” „… Vgl. Sullivan/Grimes (2006), S. 1007 f.39Hauptverfahrens minimiert die joint liability doctrine das …”

Minderheitsvotum S. 130-131

„… the right to sue »would permit a price fixer or a monopolist to escape full liability for his illegal …” „… illegal profits they could safely extort abroad would offset any liability to plaintiffs at home. If, on …” „… conspirator could expect that illegal profits abroad would offset his liability in the U.S., leaving the …”

Die besondere Verfahrensart der Class Action S. 38

„… . Joint Liability DoctrineSchließlich können nach der joint liability doctrine mehrere Beklagte einzeln …”

Die Beendigung des Verfahrens durch Urteil oder Vergleich S. 36-38

„… . Joint Liability DoctrineSchließlich können nach der joint liability doctrine mehrere Beklagte einzeln …”

Majority Vote – Die Begründung der Subject Matter Jurisdiction S. 126-130

„… antitrust violation the right to sue »would permit a price fixer or a monopolist to escape full liability …” „… expectation that the illegal profits they could safely extort abroad would offset any liability to plaintiffs …” „… liability in the U.S., leaving the conspirator with an incentive to engage in global conspiracy.«; Körber …”

Zwischenergebnis – Besonders große Attraktivität eines Gerichtsstands in den USA S. 49

„… Insolvenzrisikos im Class action Prozess durch die Joint Liability Doctrine.262Diese Vorteile fasste Judge Lord …”

Verfolgung von Kartellrechtsverstößen durch die Federal Trade Commission (FTC) S. 48-49

„… Minimierung des Insolvenzrisikos im Class action Prozess durch die Joint Liability Doctrine.262Diese Vorteile …”

eMag Solutions v. Toda Kogyo Corp. S. 158-159

„… expectation that the illegal profits they could safely extort abroad would offset any liability to plaintiffs …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… der Class Action 387. Joint Liability Doctrine 38II. Die wesentlichen Kodifizierungen des Antitrust …”

In re Monosodium Glutamate Antitrust Litigation S. 156-158

„… would offset any liability to plaintiffs at home. If, on the other hand, potential antitrust violators …”

Pfizer Inc.v. Government of India S. 67-69

„… would offset any liability to plaintiffs at home. If, on the other hand, potential antitrust violators …”

Der Sherman Act S. 39-42

„… 39Hauptverfahrens minimiert die joint liability doctrine das Risiko der obsiegenden Partei, dass …”

Mannington Mills Inc. v. Cogoleum Corp. S. 69-72

„… the expectation that the illegal profits they could safely extort abroad would offset any liability to …”

CSR Ltd. v. Cigna Corp. S. 160-163

„… company, to withdraw previously filed claims and accept allegedly altered liability insurance going …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845210551

Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer - Liability for AI

No access

Select

Sebastian Lohsse (ed.), Reiner Schulze (ed.), Dirk Staudenmayer (ed.)

Liability for AI

2023

Results in this title

Herbert Zech Liability for AI: Complexity problems S. 193-200

„… Clusters of the Commission proposals: Causality, Fault and theBurden of ProofLiability for AI …” „… of the newEuropean law on AI liability. Art. 9 PLD3 seeks to introduce similar (yetin detail …” „… different) rules concerning the proof of causality as a prerequisitefor liability. This article explains the …”

Christiane Wendehorst Product Liability or Operator Liability for AI – What is the Best Way Forward? S. 99-128

„… Clusters of the Commission proposals: Producer Liability andOperator LiabilityProduct Liability or …” „… proposal for a regulation on AI liability,which the European Parliament published on its own initiative in …” „… less superfluous any additional measures in terms of liability for AI.3. Operator LiabilityParticularly …”

Frederico Oliveira da Silva EU AI liability proposal: An obstacle course for consumers S. 285-289

„… EU AI liability proposal: An obstacle course for consumersFrederico Oliveira da Silva1Artificial …” „… the EU liability rules to the digitalenvironment: a proposal to revise the Product Liability Directive …” „… 2 (here‐after ‘PLD proposal’) and a proposal to adapt national liability rules to thechallenges …”

Georg Borges Liability of the Operator of AI Systems De Lege Ferenda S. 165-190

„… system.In practice, a key difficulty lies in proving the requirements for liability,in particular the fault …” „… (AIL-D)For the current discussion, the Commission's proposal for an AI LiabilityDirective (AIL-D) is of …” „… for tort liability.However, the proposed directive does not provide any substantive liabili‐ty rule …”

Helmut Heiss Liability for Artificial Intelligence (AI): Solutions Provided by Insurance Law S. 245-272

„… European Rules Governing AI LiabilityDigitalisation lies at the centre of numerous EU programmes and …” „… liabilityconcerning maritime claims;79 aviation-specific liability80) is determinedby the context in which the …” „… Liability for Artificial Intelligence (AI): Solutions Provided byInsurance LawHelmut Heiss*I. The …”

Gerald Spindler Different approaches for liability of Artificial Intelligence – Pros and Cons S. 41-96

„… havean impact on liability.In a nutshell, it is not so much the Proposal for an AIL-D that attractsour …” „… .Gerald Spindler42II. Basic issues of liabilityThe basic points of controversy of liability to be resolved …” „… liability caps?III. Basic concepts of the new proposals1. Product liabilityThe proposal for a PL-D aims …”

Miquel Martin-Casals Recourse among several liable persons - allocating the burden of liability. S. 217-244

„… ]), 5/29/1 and Helmut Koziol, ‘Full, No or Partial Liability’,in Barker / Grantham (n 1) 67. See also Sonja …” „… non-contractual liabilityalso keeps the distinction providing for liability in solidum for multipletortfeasors (cf …” „… probability of having caused the damage (proportional liability),seems to better distribute among actors and …”

Bernhard A. Koch The Grey Zone Between Fault and Strict Liability… and Where to Place AI S. 27-40

„… between fault and strict liabilityWhile the relationship between fault and no-fault (or strict) liability …” „… for strict liability,for example. I am not sure whether the full list of so-called high-risk AIsystems …” „… under the draft AI LiabilityDirective, I am not convinced that both should be treated in the same wayfor …”

Karl Ortmann Comments of the German Insurance Association GDV on the European Commission’s proposals for a revised Product Liability Directive (PLD-P) and an Artificial Intelligence Liability Directive (AILD-P) S. 279-284

„… revised ProductLiability Directive (PLD-P) and an Artificial Intelligence LiabilityDirective (AILD-P) Karl …” „… Ortmann**Insurers have a vested interest in the design of legal liability regimes intheir role as providers of …” „… Product Liability Insurance. Product Liability In‐surance is an integral part of every Commercial …”

Jean-Sebastien Borghetti Adapting Product Liability to Digitalization: Trying Not to Put New Wine Into Old Wineskins S. 129-164

„… statesthat “software is a product for the purposes of applying no-fault liability,irrespective of the mode of …” „… therelevance and significance of this crucial element of product liability.Article 4(6) defines “damage” as the …” „… refurbishment.III. The Delimitation of LiabilityLike in the current Directive, liability under the draft PL-D rests …”

Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer Liability for AI – Opening a new chapter of adapting European private law to the digital transition S. 7-24

„… the case of product liability,the defect. Finally, it is even more difficult to demonstrate the causal …” „… proposed AILD does not call for strict liability(yet) but merely harmonises single aspects of liability …” „… based on fault.II. Product Liability and Operator LiabilityStarting from these overall observations, the …”

Eugenia Dacoronia Burden of proof – How to handle a possible need for facilitating the victim’s burden of proof for AI damage? S. 201-214

„… to artificial intelligence (AI LiabilityEugenia Dacoronia204Directive). 8 Liability provisions are …” „… liability,obliging the defendant to pay damages even if not at fault, only for the merereason that he/she is e.g. an …” „… by the operation.20Thus, according to the Group and in relation to the bases of liability,comparable …”

Lars Entelmann Concepts and criteria for regulation S. 275-278

„… civil liability rules to artificial intelligence (AI LiabilityDirective).3All three proposals share a …” „… 's liabilityis backed by an obligation to take out liability insurance, which guaranteesthe existence of a …” „… of the European Parliament and the European CommissionThe discussion about liability for damages …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-6

„… LiabilityChristiane WendehorstProduct Liability or Operator Liability for AI – What is the BestWay Forward? 99 …” „… theEuropean Commission’s proposals for a revised Product LiabilityDirective (PLD-P) and an Artificial …” „… Liability for AILohsse | Schulze | Staudenmayer (Eds.)Münster Colloquia on EU Law and the Digital …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748942030

Gordian N. Hasselblatt - Community Trade Mark Regulation

No access

Select

Gordian N. Hasselblatt (ed.)

Community Trade Mark Regulation

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2015

Results in this title

Liability S. 1079-1083

„… possible. Article 118 Liability 1. The contractual liability of the Office shall be governed by the law …” „… non-contractual liability, the Office shall, in accordance with the general principles common to the laws of the …” „… the damage referred to in paragraph 3. 5. The personal liability of its servants towards the Office …”

Privileges and immunities S. 1075-1079

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1. Liability …” „… staff 1. Liability 9 The Office’s staff members are immune from legal proceedings for acts committed in …” „… the performance of their duties. They are answerable only to the Office under the rules on liability …”

United Kingdom S. 1470-1478

„… , particularly if the defendant admits liability and does not dispute the claim. In practice, it is rare for a …” „… defendant to admit liability at the outset, but the cost of preparing, issuing and serving a claim form …” „… liability for threats arises not only with the proprietor of the trade mark which is alleged to be infringed …”

Finland S. 1333-1340

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5. Requirement to provide a security and liability for unnecessary interim relief …” „… reasons even they, however, are advised to avoid doing this. 14 There is no automatic statutory liability …” „… retailers, distributors or similar parties directly, alleging infringement. This type of liability may arise …”

Complementary application of national law relating to infringement S. 438-439

„… and further marketing may lead to damage, product liability, or safety risks or if used trade marked …” „… brought under the law of Member States relating in particular to civil liability and unfair competition. 3 …” „… . 6 Art. 14 (2) makes it clear that actions concerning a CTM dealing with civil liability and unfair …”

Taking of evidence S. 846-860

„… liability for the amounts due or paid shall lie with the Office where it, at its own initiative, considered …” „… carry this element of criminal liability if wrong, which would apply only, where such wrong written …” „… evidence in this regard, as such a written statement could indeed carry criminal liability but, according …”

Slovakia S. 1442-1450

„… contractual liability, esp. when requesting the contractual penalty, which under Slovak law serves as lump-sum …” „… relatively loose conditions for their issuance, there is a broad liability of the petitioner for harm that …” „… main precautions to safeguard the interests of the defendants. Firstly the liability for the harm …”

Denmark S. 1319-1328

„… compensation presupposes that the Danish liability standard of ‘culpa’ is met, i. e. a standard of fault …” „… . Liability under the Danish Trade marks Act corresponds to the general principles of liability in tort …”

Latvia S. 1386-1395

„… signed, a penalty clause for the liability of the infringer for repeated infringement is included in most …” „… liability13 provided by the Code of Administrative Violations. In particular, when there is a clear sale of …” „… liability under the Criminal Law14. Criminal offences are investigated by the police and the Prosecutor’s …”

Index S. 1598-1627

„… liability of OHIM 118 2 – general 117 1 – jurisdiction regarding contractual liability of OHIM 118 3 Index …” „… non-contractual liability of OHIM 118 10 – liability of OHIM 118 1 et seq. – non-contractual liability of OHIM 118 …” „… liability 118 9 Privileges and immunities of OHIM staff – liability 117 9 – relocation and residence 117 10 …”

Application of Regulation (EC) No 44/2011 S. 956-962

„… liability exists and the second action aims at the ascertainment that a liability does not exist.18 The CJ …”

Italy S. 1376-1386

„… confirmed in court and turn out to be true. 5. Professionals 14 A liability for professionals for threats …” „… liability and quantification of damages. 4. Damages 32 Traditionally, the Italian system does not provide …”

Estonia S. 1328-1333

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5. Requirement to provide a security and liability for unnecessary interim relief …”

Portugal S. 1430-1434

„… Germany. However, c& d must be carefully written in order to avoid civil liability, of course. These …”

Oral proceedings S. 842-846

„… Implementing Regulation, are treated differently in that the final liability for the amounts due or paid shall …”

Cyprus S. 1305-1311

„… only five district courts in Cyprus, exercising civil and criminal liability within the jurisdiction …”

Spain S. 1460-1465

„… bond to guarantee its liability for any damage the measures may cause to the defendant. The court …”

Exhaustion of the rights conferred by a Community trade mark S. 423-438

„… lead to damage, product liability, or safety risks or if used trade marked products are offered for …” „… the law of Member States relating in particular to civil liability and unfair competition. 3. The …”

Croatia S. 1297-1305

„… Republic of Croatia4. As regards proceedings for tortious liability, the courts of the Republic of Croatia …”

Luxembourg S. 1406-1413

„… claimant on the ground of article 1382 of the Civil Code related to civil liability. In such a case, the …”

Ireland S. 1369-1376

„… , the defendant (the trademark proprietor) will avoid liability if it proves that the acts in respect of …”

Renewal S. 681-688

„… not give rise to liability on the part of OHIM. 5 A request for renewal of a CTM cannot be made prior …”

Prohibition of use of Community trade marks S. 1038-1045

„… the provisions relating to unfair competition, civil liability or consumer protection.7 5 A CTM does …”

Czech Republic S. 1311-1319

„… counterclaims of the infringer of this nature. 16There is no case law and practice relating to the liability of …”

Costs S. 903-923

„… liability on costs of witnesses and/or experts pursuant to Rule 59 (2), (3) or (4) CTMIR and/or – no oral …” „… liability lies with a party to the proceedings pursuant to Rule 59 (5)(b) CTMIR. 62dd) Costs of …”

Capacity to act S. 65-73

„… Partnership Act 1890 deals with the liability of the firm for wrongs, sect. 20 with partnership money and …”

Annex 1 DIRECTIVE 2008/95/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL S. 1478-1488

„… provisions relating to unfair competition, civil liability or consumer protection. (8) Attainment of the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-27

„… .......................................................................................... 1048 Article 118 Liability …”

Annex 2 COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 2868/95 S. 1488-1533

„… of the Officials of the European Communities and Annex VII thereto. (5) Final liability for the …”

Rights conferred by a Community trade mark S. 322-405

Use of Community trade marks S. 439-465

„… it clear that actions concerning a CTM dealing with civil liability and unfair competition can be …”

Community trade mark S. 28-62

„… relating to unfair competition, civil liability or consumer protection.91 Moreover, with regard to …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845258904

Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer - Smart Products

No access

Select

Sebastian Lohsse (ed.), Reiner Schulze (ed.), Dirk Staudenmayer (ed.)

Smart Products

2022

Results in this title

Axel Voss Liability for AI S. 219-222

„… certainty.Why we need European liabilityThe political dimensionOn the issue of regulating liability for AI …” „… absence of a contract or fault.What principles should guide a European regulation on AI liability?Our aims …” „… Discussion PanelLiability for AIIntroductory Statement of Axel Voss, Member of the European …”

Jutta Gurkmann Smart liability for smart products S. 237-238

„… is also the reason why different producers of networked devices should have joint liability.But not …” „… Smart liability for smart productsIntroductory Statement of Jutta Gurkmann, Federation of German …” „… consideration product liability, sales law and AI regulation.The regulation in force determining when …”

Georg Borges Liability for self-learning smart products S. 181-200

„… in liability.The question of liability for changes to AI systems occurring after they have been …” „… learning in the product liabilityMachine learning, as described at the beginning, enables the production of …” „… liability.Insofar as AI systems are trained several times in this way (change in safety-relevant capabilities), the …”

Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell Product Liability for Beyond-Product Ecosystems – Is the Product Liability Directive ready to accommodate smart products? S. 201-216

„… Product Liability for Beyond-Product Ecosystems –Is the Product Liability Directive ready to …” „… Liability Rules: the ProblemThe European Union product liability regime pivots on two core elements: product …” „… and defect. Since its adoption in 1985, the Directive on liability for defective product (hereinafter …”

Susanne Dehmel How should ‘smart products’ be handled in contractual and (product) liability law? S. 229-236

„… How should ‘smart products’ be handled in contractual and (product) liability law?Susanne Dehmel …” „… , the louder the calls for additional regulation.Liability rules must strike a delicate balance between …” „… promoting innovation on the other hand. To maintain this balance, a nuanced approach to liability …”

Gerhard Wagner Software as a Product S. 157-180

„… to govern the liability of manufacturers, namely products liability.Products LiabilityWithin the …” „… Non-contractual liability for smart productsSoftware as a ProductGerhard Wagner1Introduction: Why …” „… general, and the Internet of Things in particular, pose serious challenges to existing liability regimes …”

Jean-Sébastien Borghetti Introductory statement S. 245-246

„… how smart products should be handled in product liability law.The first one is whether smart products …” „… require liability rules which make not only the providers, but also the users of such products liable for …” „… , however. French law, for example, has a “liability for things” regime, which is basically a strict …”

Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer ‘Smart Products’ – A Focal Point for Legal Developments in the Digital Economy S. 11-44

„… exclude the trader’s liability.Further consideration will also be needed with regard to determining the …” „… proposed regulation).Questions of user liabilityWhile the balancing of liability between the different …” „… regimes therefore remains an open issue.Questions of product liabilitySmart products are also accompanied …”

André Janssen The Update Obligation for Smart Products – Time Period for the Update Obligation and Failure to Install the Update S. 91-108

„… significant increase in liability for the seller, even though he has a right of redress, at least in purely …” „… least as long as the liability period for nonconformities lasts, which is according to Art. 10(1) Sale …” „… time, the seller's obligation to provide updates would normally be limited to the liability period.a …”

Evelyne Gebhardt Introductory Statement S. 223-228

„… endless and current product liability law fails to provide answers. Now, what is clear is that we need to …” „… market. Liability law needs to be updated in order to prevent consumers from being the ones bearing the …” „… burden of proving the causal relationship between a potential damage and the underlying defect. Liability …”

Bernhard A. Koch One Specific Problem from a Tort Law Perspective S. 241-244

„… conference, e.g. the question of whether, and if so, to what extent the Product Liability Directive (PLD) in …” „… – apart from finding an appropriate liability solution for each individual product in that conglomerate …” „… such a scenario? Even if all components were subject to the same liability regime, harmony at the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… – how to design the contracts 133Isabell Conrad & Alin SeegelNon-contractual liability for smart …” „… productsSoftware as a Product 157Gerhard WagnerLiability for self-learning smart products 181Georg BorgesProduct …” „… Liability for Beyond-Product Ecosystems – Is the Product Liability Directive ready to accommodate smart …”

Christiane Wendehorst The Update Obligation – how to make it work in the relationship between seller, producer, digital content or service provider and consumer S. 63-90

„… (Requirements for conformity of the goods) and Article 7a (Liability of the producer and the supplier of digital …” „… Federal Government: § 477a and § 477b (Direct liability of the producer); the draft text for the EU …” „… party services) and Art. 9a (Producer's liability). With regard to the Austrian implementation, see also …”

Gerhard Schomburg Introductory Statement S. 239-240

„… to widen the non-contractual liability by giving the consumer who has bought a defective good a …” „… producers and the sellers in the supply chain.Last but not least the liability for damage caused by …” „… currently under investigation by the Commission. Where necessary the Product Liability Directive should be …”

Hans Schulte-Nölke Digital obligations of sellers of smart devices under the Sale of Goods Directive 771/2019 S. 47-62

„… the wording of the SGDThe basic provision on the liability of the seller is Article 10 (1) SGD, which …” „… will therefore be left aside for the purposes of this paper.14Liability of the seller for the …” „… .28 Firsching, ZUM 2021, 210, 219.Hans Schulte-Nölke58force sellers, in order to avoid liability for …”

Karin Sein Modifications of digital content or services and of digital elements in smart products – Possible application problems S. 111-132

„… provider and relieve the seller of most of its liability.ConclusionsArticle 19(1) of the newly adopted DCD …” „… good: according to Article 10(1) SGD, the liability of the seller presupposes that the lack of …”

Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel Modifications of digital content/services and digital elements in smart products – how to design the contracts S. 133-154

„… modify services (as liability for damages resulting from changes to the service is excluded)No explicit …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748929772

Thomas M.J. Möllers - Vielfalt und Einheit

No access

Select

Thomas M.J. Möllers (ed.)

Vielfalt und Einheit

Series: Schriften des Augsburg Center for Global Economic Law and Regulation - Arbeiten zum Internationalen Wirtschaftsrecht und zur Wirtschaftsregulierung

Volume 19 2008

Results in this title

Paul Fenn, Alastair Gray, Neil Rickman Liability standards and medical malpractice S. 231-242

„… 231 Liability standards and medical malpractice1 Paul Fenn / Alastair Gray / Neil Rickman I. The …” „… basic economics of negligence liability 232 1. Efficient deterrence and the negligence standard 232 2 …” „… NHS before the final section concludes. I. The basic economics of negligence liability 1 …”

Eddy Wymeersch Standardisation by law and markets especially in financial services S. 19-38

„… . as spelling out good practice which would be considered as the yardstick for determining liability …” „… law offices and corresponds to the practices developed in the US since several years. Liability suits …” „… the liability risks attached to their violation. Indirectly the legal order, mostly under the form of …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-8

„… Gray / Neil Rickman Liability standards and medical malpractice 231 Claus D. Müller-Hengstenberg …”

Susanne Kalss Amtshaftung und Compliance als Instrumente zur Durchsetzung kapitalmarktrechtlicher Regelungen – diskutiert am Beispiel Österreich S. 81-106

„… instruments of enforcement – on the one side the public liability, on the other side Compliance Codes, ie …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845208480

1

2

3 ... 791