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Constanze Rossmann - Theory of Reasoned Action - Theory of Planned Behavior

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Constanze Rossmann

Theory of Reasoned Action - Theory of Planned Behavior

Series: Konzepte. Ansätze der Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft

Volume 4 2011

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Literaturverzeichnis S. 112-132

„… . Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211. Ajzen, I. (2002a). Perceived behavioral …” „… ). Attitudes, personality and behavior. New York, NY: Open University Press. Ajzen, I. (2006a). Behavioral …” „… behavior, and the integrated behavioral model. In K. Glanz, B. K. Rimer & K. Viswanath (Hrsg.), Health …”

Literaturempfehlungen S. 109-111

„… . & Kasprzyk, D. (2008). Theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behavior, and the integrated behavioral …” „… attitudes on behavior. In D. Albarracín, B. T. Johnson & M. P. Zanna (Hrsg.), The handbook of attitudes (S …” „… , personality and behavior. New York, NY: Open University Press. Wer etwas tiefer in das Thema einsteigen will …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Theory of Reasoned Action – Theory of Planned Behavior Constanze Rossmann Nomos Konzepte. Ansätze …” „… Theory of Reasoned Action – Theory of Planned Behavior Nomos Constanze Rossmann 1. Auflage 2011 © Nomos …” „… ......................................................... 1.1.4 22 Theory of Planned Behavior ...............................1.2 23 Kritik …”

Grundzüge der Theorien S. 11-28

„… Facebook anmeldet (Verhalten). Die Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) modifiziert die TRA und erweitert sie …” „… Einstellungen (attitudes toward the behavior) aus, sie meint also die positive oder negative Bewertung eines …” „… ). Die ersten drei Bedingungen gelten auch für die Theory of Planned Behavior, die vierte Einschränkung …”

„… führt dann eher zur Zuwendung (approach behavior), während eine negative Wahrnehmung der Situation eher …” „… Vermeidungsverhalten (avoidance behavior) auslöst. Ist jedoch keine Einstellung so stark ausgeprägt, dass sie bei …”

Abbildungsverzeichnis S. 9-10

„… als Fundament von Intentionen und Verhalten 20 Abb. 3: Modell der Theory of Planned Behavior 23 Abb. 4 …” „… Model 87 Abb. 8: Integrated Behavioral Model 89 Abb. 9: Das MODE-Modell des Einstellungs …”

Empirische Befunde und Anwendungsfelder S. 58-93

„… ihrem 1980 erschienenen Buch „Understanding Attitudes and Behavior“. Dieses stellt neben einer …” „… change overt behavior.” Konkret werden also gesundheitsfördernde Botschaften in Unterhaltungsangebote …” „… Interpersonal Behavior (Triandis, 1979). Obwohl viele Konstrukte dieser Theorien ähnlich oder sogar identisch …”

Entwicklungsgeschichtlicher Hintergrund S. 29-38

„… schließlich die verhaltensspezifischen Einstellungen (attitudes toward the behavior) ableiten lassen (vgl …” „… Behavior, mit der er einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur besseren Erklärungskraft der Theorie und somit zur …” „… Betracht gezogen, aus denen sich die verhaltensspezifischen Vorstellungen (behavioral beliefs) und …”

Kritik S. 103-108

„… unvermeidlich auf Basis dieser Vorstellungen bilden. „It is only in this sense that behavior is considered to be …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845260341

Melanie Müller - Opposition Party Behavior and Minority Government Support

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Melanie Müller

Opposition Party Behavior and Minority Government Support

Series: Studien zum Parlamentarismus

Volume 36 2022

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9 Conclusion: Opposition party behavior and minority government support S. 252-266

„… Conclusion: Opposition party behavior and minority government support (75) “I believe that …” „… government, for electoral support. The literature on opposition behavior, which traditionally focuses on the …” „… Trinity of Opposition, describing opposition behavior with the functions ‘Critique, Control, and …”

2 Explaining opposition party behavior and minority government support – a literature review S. 29-65

„… opposition party behaviorFigure 6: 2 Explaining opposition party behavior and minority government support 64 …” „… Explaining opposition party behavior and minority government support – a literature review When …” „… trying to understand opposition behavior under minority governments, there are several literature strands …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-16

„… Studien zum Parlamentarismus 36 Opposition Party Behavior and Minority Government Support …” „… Challenges, Strategies and Trade-Offs Opposition Party Behavior and Minority Government Support Nomos …” „… , Melanie Opposition Party Behavior and Minority Government Support Challenges, Strategies and Trade-Offs …”

4 Opposition party distinctiveness and minority government support – Patterns from quantitative analysis S. 98-165

„… voting behavior of Swedish parliamentary parties. As already explained in more detail in the method …” „… discussed in terms of their impact on opposition behavior and minority government support (chapter 4.5 …” „… politics (Pierre 2016, 1). Further, there is also a notable variation in the party-specific voting behavior …”

1 Introduction S. 17-28

„… behavior under minority governments must focus on the strategies that opposition parties pursue to fulfill …” „… government type. However, opposition parties' behavior under minority governments, partly responsible for …” „… opposition party behavior is, therefore, essential for understanding the functioning of every political …”

8 Brief summary and discussion of results: Prospects and limitations S. 245-251

„… qualitative analyses yield a picture of minority government support and opposition party behavior that …” „… switch between consensual behavior patterns, striving for cooperation with the minority government, and …” „… challenging behavior patterns, preserving their distinctiveness from the minority government. Cooperation with …”

6 Opposition party distinctiveness and minority government support – Results from and limitations of a mixed-methods approach S. 190-197

„… quantitative and qualitative means. First, patterns of opposition party behavior and minority government …” „… behavior patterns in a more pronounced fashion than ordinary opposition parties. Therefore, support parties …” „… either the quantitative data on 6 190 opposition party voting behavior (see Figure 24) or the expert …”

3 Data and method S. 66-97

„… unprecedented dataset on parliamentary voting behavior in the Swedish parliament will be discussed in terms of …” „… The present study draws on data on Sweden's legislative behavior to test the different expectations on …” „… minority government support and opposition party behavior that were elaborated. The Swedish case is …”

5 Opposition party distinctiveness and minority government support – Patterns from qualitative analysis S. 166-189

„… quantitative data, opposition party plenary voting behavior, is largely based on uncontroversial issues (see …” „… behavior but also insight into party elites’ strategic considerations. It indicates whether or not party …” „… party behavior (chapter 5.4). A brief summary presents the results of the qualitative hypotheses tests …”

11 Annex S. 285-310

„… Annex The appendix of the present study, titled “Opposition Party Behavior and Minority Government …” „… ‚Parliamentary voting behavior under minority governments in the Swedish Riksdag 1991-2018’ Regression tables of …” „… behavior on all votes, the government votes “yes”. Model 2 is based on a dataset containing the …”

10 List of references S. 267-284

„… Charm of Salient Issues? Parties’ Strategic Behavior in Press Releases.” In How political actors use the …” „… Parliamentary Behavior in the Netherlands.” World Political Science 10 (2): 343–63. ———. 2015. “Populists in …” „… the Individual Level.” Political Behavior 35 (3): 567–88. Svensson, Niklas. 2017. “Centerpartiet och …”

7 Opposition party goals and conditions for cross-parliamentary cooperation S. 198-244

„… with quantitative and qualitative data offers an explanation for opposition party behavior and minority …” „… that opposition party behavior and minority government support are influenced by a) different …” „… strategic manner that offers varying behavior patterns towards the minority government. Where support …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748928539

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Martin Senn

Wolves in the Woods

Series: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Politik

Volume 166 2009

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Iran’s External Behavior S. 90-97

„… impeding U.S. domination of the region. 3.2.5. Iran’s External Behavior 3.2.5.1. Pragmatism and Rogue …” „… Behavior As it was already mentioned in the previous chapters, Iran’s external behavior underwent a shift …” „… rogue behavior “increases the difficulty of Iran’s neighbors and the United States to view Tehran’s …”

North Korea’s External Behavior – Rationality and Defiance S. 65-69

„… strategic thinking and behavior alternately as a mortal threat or an external life support system, and …” „… support its claims). North Korea’s internal and external behavior, which is outlined in the following …” „… chapter, mirrors this multi-dimensional predicament. 3.1.3. North Korea’s External Behavior – Rationality …”

Saddam Hussein’s Behavior and Quest for WMD S. 133-136

„… . resolve and constraints on its ability to project massive force. 3.4.5. Saddam Hussein’s Behavior and …” „… have resulted in stronger articulations of certain behavioral patterns. As Amatzia Baram points out, “a …”

Behavioral Patterns of Hobbesian Actors S. 43-48

„… 43 example, a state may imitate the behavior of ‘successful’ states which survive due to strong …” „… its associate interests, which in turn affects its behavior towards state A. Consequently, social …” „… seeks to revise only its behavior (“shallow” revisionism). Both impute the Other aggressive intent, but …”

Ontological and Epistemological Positions S. 25-30

„… knowledge having an impact on actors and their behavior. Annika Björkdahl defines “[n]orms [as …” „… as prescribe what appropriate behavior ought to be.”74 This definition already mirrors the prevalent …” „… to having effects on the identity, interests and behavior of actors, norms have an impact on …”

The Rogue State Concept in U.S. Foreign Policy S. 17-25

„… their aggressive, oppressive behavior (vis-à-vis states they label rogues) is a symptom of underlying …” „… states’ due to their oppressive and aggressive behavior as well as their repeated ignoring of fundamental …” „… their collaboration. According to his point of view, the mischievous behavior of Iran, Iraq, Syria and …”

A Second Image Complementation of Wendt’s Approach S. 48-57

„… quoting Wendt’s argument regarding possible sources of Hobbesian behavior: “If it stems from unitlevel …” „… other state will continue competitive behavior until the predator is either destroyed or transformed …” „… and their behavior. This (external) dimension of interpretation is also emphasized by Jutta Weldes who …”

Content Analysis Variables and Results S. 203-209

„… et al. behavior/characteristics Iran and other rogues actor A is rogue and other actors are rogue …” „… . such as actor A to help us convince Tehran that we will not tolerate rogue behavior actor A shows rogue …” „… of rogue et al. with behavior violent aggression of an outlaw state a rogue et al. does X it was a …”

The Rogue State as an Irrational and Risk-prone Actor S. 148-150

„… offers a brief overview of these behavior-altering strategies: Deterrence is a coercive strategy …” „… United States and our allies to prevent us from deterring or repelling the aggressive behavior of rogue …” „… of a number of strategies which aim at influencing the behavior of other actors. Lawrence Freedman …”

The Assumption of Irrationality and Risk-Proneness S. 150-169

„… actors. Lawrence Freedman offers a brief overview of these behavior-altering strategies: Deterrence is a …” „… . Basically, deterrence is one out of a number of strategies which aim at influencing the behavior of other …” „… manipulate behavior so that something unwanted does not occur”710. So a deterring threat can be characterized …”

The Rogue State as an Objective Category S. 15-17

„… criteria for aggressive external behavior: Many more nation-states are repressive than are aggressive. That …” „… Peter F. Trumbore, "Identifying 'Rogue' States and Testing their Interstate Conflict Behavior," European …” „… Regimes: Confronting Deviant Behavior in World Politics (New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 2005 …”

A Refinement of Wendt’s Theory S. 177-179

„… behavioral possibilities that may in the first place attempt to change B’s behavior rather than his existence …” „… aggressive external behavior as well as their ignorance regarding international norms. Finally, scholars from …” „… interests. Wendt argues in this context that objective interests do not directly motivate behavior, it is …”

The Rogue State as a Hobbesian Actor S. 142-148

„… Iran, Iraq, Libya, and North Korea as Hobbesian revisionists (as the result of past behavior) has …” „… remained unchanged despite considerable changes in the respective regimes’ external behavior. This lack of …” „… behavior. Hence, from the perspective of the United States, a rogue state is basically a Hobbesian …”

Libya’s Experience of Colonialism S. 97-100

„… policy or even to a re-emergence of its past revolutionary behavior.427 This aspect will be addressed in …” „… Iran’s external behavior is concerned, it has to be noted that the leadership of the Islamic Republic was …” „… Libya’s behavior have been frequently characterized by a rather narrow focus on the personality of the …”

Hobbesian, Lockean and Kantian Cultures of Anarchy S. 38-42

„… behavior regarding sovereignty of others expectation that others observe rules of nonviolence and mutual …” „… identities and interests, regulate behavior and instrumentality and create expectations of appropriate …” „… behavior. States in a Hobbesian culture, for example, have a cardinal interest in strengthening their …”

Revolutionary Libya S. 104-118

„… established the basis for Libya’s external behavior during the 1970s and the 1980s. These two decades …” „… added to Western concerns regarding the country’s behavior. Although al-Qadhafi’s motivations for …” „… al-Qadhafi’s aggressive foreign behavior by restricting the export of military equipments. In 1979, the U.S …”

Existential Insecurity after the East-West Conflict S. 60-65

„… “occupational force”) in South Korea, and its overall behavior in international affairs are seen as an absolute …” „… its rogue behavior with the 1994 Agreed Framework. The words and deeds of the early Bush …” „… United States has become central in Pyongyang’s strategic thinking and behavior alternately as a mortal …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… Behavior – Rationality and Defiance 65 3.2. Iran 69 3.2.1. Pre-Revolutionary Factors shaping Iran’s World …” „… 87 3.2.5. Iran’s External Behavior 90 3.2.5.1. Pragmatism and Rogue Behavior 90 3.2.5.2. Iran’s …” „… Persian Peril 126 3.4.4.2. The U.S. Threat to Hussein’s Survival 129 3.4.5. Saddam Hussein’s Behavior …”

Cultural Change S. 42-43

„… state can continue wanting to be an enemy. A further constraint on Hobbesian behavior will be introduced …” „… , a state may imitate the behavior of ‘successful’ states which survive due to strong military …” „… interests, which in turn affects its behavior towards state A. Consequently, social learning is a process of …”

From Remote Troublemakers to Existential Risks S. 171-176

„… Hobbesian behavior in earlier times entailed the occupation of entire countries or large-scale casualties …” „… states as Hobbesian actors, U.S. behavior vis-à-vis these actors has only at times followed a Hobbesian …” „… theoretical framework of the book: First, Hobbesian behavior by an actor A is not necessarily “mirrored” by an …”

Iran after Khomeini – Revolutionary Icons, Pragmatism, and Fear S. 77-87

„… on June 3, 1989: Iran eventually began to abandon its Hobbesian external behavior. As will be …” „… Khomeini. In contrast to the overall re-orientation of Iran’s external behavior and intra-Iranian disputes …” „… immediate escalation. Khamene’i to balance the president’s inexperienced and foreign policy behavior. See …”

Rogue States – Hobbesian Actors Facing Existential Threats S. 179-181

„… ruling regimes. As far as Iran is concerned, the Hobbesian behavior can be traced back to Khomeini’s …” „… status as leader of the Arab world. Saddam Hussein’s Hobbesian behavior inside and outside Iraq made him …” „… decision-makers have a proven record of Hobbesian behavior in domestic and – in particular – external environments …”

Contemporary Iran – Ad Fontes S. 87-90

„… as strategic partner impeding U.S. domination of the region. 3.2.5. Iran’s External Behavior 3.2.5.1 …” „… . Pragmatism and Rogue Behavior As it was already mentioned in the previous chapters, Iran’s external behavior …”

Iran and the USA – Two External Threats to Hussein’s Survival S. 126-133

„… above mentioned factors established the framework of Iraq’s perception and behavior vis-à-vis the United …” „… border in 1994. In addition to Saddam Hussein’s defiant behavior and decreasing international support for …” „… Kuwait, Saddam Hussein’s reaction to the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and his following behavior were …”

Early Revolutionary Iran – Revisionism and “Great Satan” S. 72-77

„… existence is rejected by Iran’s revolutionary elite, the United States is decried due to its behavior, not …” „… the arch enemy322, provided that it would change its behavior. Similar to Iran’s animosity with …” „… . behavior (e.g. the above mentioned sharing of reconnaissance data with Iraq, the shooting down of Iran Air …”

Selecting the Cases - The Core Group of Rogue States S. 31-33

„… genesis, and the implications of the (underlying) immaterial structure for U.S. behavior vis-à-vis these …” „… ”, “country y is a rogue state and does x”, “rogue behavior like x”, but excludes instances such as “country y …” „… countries have been labeled as rogue, outlaw, etc. states? The second question is which behavioral …”

Identities and Interests of State Actors S. 35-37

„… as respective identities exist, but nevertheless do not directly motivate behavior. The motivational …” „… forces for an actor’s behavior are subjective interests, which are defined as “beliefs that actors …”

The USA – Dancing with the Wolves S. 181-184

„… behavior in domestic and – in particular – external environments. This notion of non-democratic, aggressive …” „… harbor respective ambitions vis-à-vis other actors including the United States, whose behavior is guided …” „… rogue states. In addition behavioral expectations deriving from the Hobbesian culture between rogue …”

Explaining the Rogue State Concept S. 177

„… aggressive external behavior as well as their ignorance regarding international norms. Finally, scholars from …”

A Challenge to the Traditional Concept of Anarchy S. 34-35

„… neo-realist and neo-liberal approaches, which emphasize that anarchy per se has an impact on the behavior and …”

Central Research Questions, Methods, and Structure S. 30-31

„… the (underlying) immaterial structure for U.S. behavior vis-à-vis these states. 1.3.3. Selecting the …”

There may be Wolves in the Woods ... S. 184-186

„… allow actors to anticipate future behavior but do not allow them to neglect uncertainty. Lastly, there …” „… and will violate the behavioral norms of the (Lockean) international system (as they did in the past …”

Ye Rogues! S. 13-15

„… behavior even- 1 George H.W. Bush. "Remarks Accepting the Presidential Nomination at the Republican …”

Offensive Revisionism during the East-West Conflict S. 58-60

„… “occupational force”) in South Korea, and its overall behavior in international affairs are seen as an absolute …”

Libya’s Quest for WMD S. 118-120

„… perceptions as well as with a template for his violent behavior. As early as 1916, Great Britain and France …”

Basic Determinants of U.S. Policies vis-à-vis Rogue States S. 169-171

„… objectionable external behavior. Ronald Reagan accused Nicaragua of supporting terrorist activities against the …”

Pre-Revolutionary Factors shaping Iran’s World View S. 69-72

„… revolution marked a decisive turning point in Iran’s history and its external behavior. The former U.S. ally …”

The Hobbesian Reality of the Iraqi State S. 120-123

„… template for his violent behavior. As early as 1916, Great Britain and France demarcated their spheres of …”

The (In)dependent Monarchy and the Seeds of Confrontation S. 100-104

„… brutal repression.443 The ruthless behavior of the colonial power has remained deeply anchored in the …”

Works Cited S. 187-202

„… , and Peter F. Trumbore. "Identifying 'Rogue' States and Testing their Interstate Conflict Behavior …” „… Deviant Behavior in World Politics. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 2005. "North Korea: Can the …”

The Instrumental Character of the Rogue State Concept S. 137-142

„… respective behavioral characteristics to gain public and Congressional support for certain policies661 as …” „… such have the intent to violate the behavioral norms (“live and let live”) of the Lockean system, thus …” „… states adequately characterizes the behavioral reality of these states. The following argument by Ray …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845215839

Charles J. Russo, Izak Oosthuizen, Charl C. Wolhuter - International Perspectives on Student Behavior

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Charles J. Russo, Izak Oosthuizen, Charl C. Wolhuter

International Perspectives on Student Behavior

2014

doi.org/10.5771/9781475814842

Gil Rendle - Behavioral Covenants in Congregations

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Gil Rendle

Behavioral Covenants in Congregations

1998

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CHAPTER 1: Understanding Uncivil Behavior The Bigger Picture S. 1-27

„… CHAPTER 1 Understanding Uncivil BehaviorThe Bigger Picture "Wait! Stop the meeting!" We were about …” „… , this is not an isolated instance of difficult behavior in a congregation. For example, in another …” „… uncivil behavior that falls outside the teachings of the faith are fairly common in the experience of too …”

CHAPTER 3: Behavioral Covenants Holy Manners for a Faith Community S. 50-62

„… exploration. Behavioral Covenants in Congregations Leaders Model Faithful BehaviorsMentoring the Congregation …” „… sanction individuals or to force changed behavior on the people who annoy us. Rather, they seek behavioral …” „… and agreements that can help them face the problems of uncivil behavior by leaders and members …”

CHAPTER 2: The Leader's Response S. 28-49

„… as they traveled. "They purchased guides to proper behavior, like Politeness on Railroads by Isaac …” „… itself to group behavior. One modifies his or her behavior to accommodate the needs of the group. It is …” „… music hammering away with its vibrations. Traveling in groups seems to produce behavior respectful of …”

CHAPTER 4: From Understanding to Action Modules for Working with Leaders S. 63-94

„… the behavior.) Behavioral Covenants in Congregations 67 7. Break (15 minutes) 8. Small Groups: Future …” „… behaviors of the congregation and develop a behavioral covenant, there is an additional responsibility that …” „… into uncivil or confrontational behavior in your work, your community, or your neighborhood? Do you …”

Resource Section S. 95-126

„… , our congregations have often defaulted to the values and standards of community behavior in Behavioral …” „… even be fully aware of them, they guide our behavior-for good or ill. Some norms are helpful and …” „… conversations about the behaviors in your congregation. As a resource to be read in advance of the activities …”

Preface

„… . Understanding Uncivil BehaviorThe Bigger Picture Vll Chapter 2. The Leader's Response 28 Chapter 3. Behavioral …” „… healthy behavior. The basic strategy of establishing behavioral covenants in congregations will be …” „… Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish congregations. Many of our congregations are plagued with uncivil behavior …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781566994750

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