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Marc Bungenberg, Jörn Griebel, Stephan Hobe, August Reinisch - International Investment Law

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Marc Bungenberg (ed.), Jörn Griebel (ed.), Stephan Hobe (ed.), August Reinisch (ed.)

International Investment Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2015

Results in this title

Marc Jacob, Stephan W. Schill I. Fair and Equitable Treatment: Content, Practice, Method S. 700-763

„… Chapter 8: Standards of Protection I. Fair and Equitable Treatment: Content, Practice, Method1 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 B. Conventional Formulations of Fair and Equitable Treatment, Relation to Custom and Comparative …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 1. Overcoming Difficulties in Defining Fair and Equitable Treatment …”

Stephan Hobe I. The Development of the Law of Aliens and the Emergence of General Principles of Protection under Public International Law Stephan HobeThe Development of the Law of Aliens S. 6-22

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 b) Fair and Equitable Treatment …” „… Press, 2010); Christoph Schreuer, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment in Arbitral Practice’ (2005) 6 JWIT …” „… the standard of national treatment, the standard of fair and equitable treatment and the standard of …”

Irmgard Marboe IV. Valuation in Cases of Breaches of International Law Unrelated to Expropriation S. 1082-1102

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Literature: Kaj Hobér, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment – Determining Compensation’ in Rainer Hofmann …” „… damages – such as the obligations of full protection and security, fair and equitable treatment …” „… 1 For a more detailed analysis of cases see Kaj Hobér, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment – Determining …”

Markus Krajewski III. Investment Law and Public Services S. 1629-1643

„… . Introduction [I]n interpreting the meaning of ‘just’ or ‘fair and equitable treatment’ to be accorded to …” „… , but found that the standards of fair and equitable treatment as well as guarantees of protection and …” „… expropriation in addition to a violation of the fair and equitable treatment standard.29 In general, arbitral …”

August Reinisch IV. Most Favoured Nation Treatment S. 807-845

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3. Fair and Equitable Treatment in NAFTA …” „… .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4. Fair and Equitable Treatment in Non-NAFTA Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5. MFN and …” „… and Equitable Treatment Some BITs link MFN to fair and equitable treatment as, for instance, the …”

August Reinisch II. The Interpretation of International Investment Agreements S. 372-410

„… ‘investment’ or ‘investor’ to substantive treatment standards like ‘fair and equitable treatment’ 1 Vienna …” „… , para. 297 (‘The “ordinary meaning” of the “fair and equitable treatment” standard can only be defined …” „… meaning of central standards of treatment like fair and equitable treatment. For instance, in MTD v. Chile …”

Burkhard Schöbener IV. Outlook on the Developments in Public International Law and the Law Relating to Aliens S. 64-79

„… international minimum standard. 2012, 37. Contra Tilman M. Dralle, ‘Der Fair and Equitable Treatment-Standard im …” „… . Fair and Equitable Treatment …” „… further dec) 1. 17 Stephen Vasciannie, ‘The Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard in International …”

Ralph Alexander Lorz II. Protection and Security (Including the NAFTA Approach) S. 764-789

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 2. In Particular: Fair and Equitable Treatment …” „… : Art. 2(2) demands ‘fair and equitable treatment as well as full protection under this Treaty’. An …” „… , including fair and equitable treatment and full protection and security’. And finally, there are of course …”

Ursula Kriebaum III. Arbitrary/Unreasonable or Discriminatory Measures S. 790-806

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1. Arbitrary or Discriminatory Measures standing Alone or Part of the Fair and Equitable Treatment …” „… University Press, 2009) 183–198; Christoph H. Schreuer, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET): Interactions …” „… , 2010); Stephen Vasciannie, ‘The Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard in International Investment Law …”

August Reinisch IV. The Likely Content of Future EU Investment Agreements S. 1884-1903

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 b) Fair and Equitable Treatment and Full Protection and Security 27 c) Non-Discrimination …” „… . They suggest that an investment chapter should include fair and equitable treatment (FET), full …” „… defining indirect expropriation.51 Fair and Equitable Treatment and Full Protection and Security One of the …”

John P. Gaffney, Zeynep Akçay A. European Bilateral Approaches S. 186-201

„… ) Copyrights and Industrial Property Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 (b) Fair and Equitable Treatment …” „… , i.e., ‘fair and equitable treatment’, protection against ‘unreasonable or discriminatory measures …” „… standards are notably the guarantees of fair and equitable treatment, full protection and security …”

Richard Happ A. The Energy Charter Treaty S. 240-260

„… provide fair and equitable treatment, not vice versa.29 Nevertheless, b) (1) 28 Yukos Universal Limited …” „… other Contracting Parties fair and equitable treatment.’ However, this does not mean that States are …” „… commitment of fair and equitable treatment. Art. 10(1), 2nd sentence, directly obliges contracting parties to …”

Chester Brown I. The Evolution of the Regime of International Investment Agreements: History, Economics and Politics S. 153-185

„… Article I of the Draft Convention, the State parties agreed to ensure ‘fair and equitable treatment’ to …” „… , Schools 178 Chester Brown 63 64 obligation to accord ‘fair and equitable treatment’ to the capital of …” „… fair and equitable treatment to the nationals and companies of the other Party and to their property …”

Sabine Konrad C. Protection for Non-Profit Organisations S. 555-565

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 a) Fair and Equitable Treatment …” „… protections that are likely to be of particular relevance to an NGO claimant. Fair and Equitable Treatment …” „… Most modern BITs contain a promise by the contracting States to accord ‘fair and equitable treatment …”

Andrea K. Bjorklund B. NAFTA’s Contributions to Investor-State Dispute Settlement S. 261-282

„… investors ‘treatment in accordance with international law, including fair and equitable treatment and full …” „… ’, and does not establish autonomous obligations of free-standing fair and equitable treatment or full …” „… http://italaw.com/documents/Canadian2004-FIPA-model-en.pdf, Art. 38. 10 See, e.g., Rudolf Dolzer, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment: A Key …”

Stephan W. Schill XII. Multilateralization: An Ordering Paradigm for International Investment Law S. 1817-1838

„… example, that identically worded standards, such as fair and equitable or national treatment, contained in …” „… national treatment, most favoured nation (MFN) treatment, fair and equitable treatment and full protection …” „… standards of investment protection. Investor rights such as fair and equitable treatment, full protection …”

Andrew Newcombe B. The Americas S. 202-220

„… benefit’ of the US BIT programme,32 US model BITs from 1983 onwards require fair and equitable treatment …” „… legal principles and practice; (E) seeking to establish standards for fair and equitable treatment …” „… Models equate fair and equitable treatment with the customary international law minimum standard of …”

Gabriel Bottini, Veronica Lavista, Mariana Lozza E. MERCOSUR and CAFTA S. 326-341

„… provides for national and most favoured nation treatment.19 Fair and equitable treatment, prohibition of …” „… equitable treatment80 and full protection and security.81 In light of the discussions around this standard …” „… covered investments.82 The concepts of “fair and equitable treatenvironmental concerns (Art. 10.11 …”

Catharine Titi IX. International Investment Law and Good Governance S. 1768-1783

„… Guarantee of Fair and Equitable Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3. Corruption …” „… consider some of their provisions, namely those targeting transparency, the fair and equitable treatment …” „… developing countries that partly aim to tackle this problem.36 The Guarantee of Fair and Equitable Treatment …”

Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan VI. Investment Law and Intellectual Property Rights S. 1692-1713

„… absolute standards like ‘fair and equitable treatment’, ‘full protection and security’ and the protection …” „… ‘distinct, reasonable investmentbacked expectations’.71 This overlaps with the fair and equitable treatment …” „… relevance also for the fair and equitable treatment standard, one should re-emphasise that an investor has …”

Pierre-Marie Dupuy, Jorge E. Viñuales VIII. Human Rights and Investment Disciplines: Integration in Progress S. 1739-1767

„… deep entrenched relationship between the fair and equitable treatment (FET) standard and a series of …” „… Tudor, The Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard in the International Law of Foreign Investment (Oxford …” „… his opinion under AAPL v. Sri Lanka: [T]he requirement as to the fair and equitable treatment, full …”

Jörn Griebel D. The New EU Investment Policy Approach S. 304-325

„… standards of protection which should be included: a) fair and equitable treatment, including a prohibition …” „… such as fair and equitable treatment.59 Furthermore, in order to achieve the required certainty of law …” „… however regarded as making no real difference as to whether fair and equitable treatment is formulated as …”

Kaj Hobér, Joshua Fellenbaum I. Political Risk Insurance and Investment Treaty Protection S. 1517-1551

„… availability of fair and equitable treatment and legal protection,44 the Agency shall: [E]ndeavor to conclude …” „… BIT may be able to fall back on the fair and equitable treatment standard if its claim for …” „… investment arbitration and political risk insurance? Secondly, does the fair and equitable treatment standard …”

Arno Gildemeister V. Investment Law and Taxation S. 1677-1691

„… 4. Taxation and the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard. . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5. Taxation and …” „… requirements. Other key standards, such as the fair and equitable treatment (FET) standard are frequently not …” „… the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard The fair and equitable treatment (FET) standard enshrines …”

Index S. 1913-1952

„… – extra-EU BITs Chapter 4 II A 40, III D 4; Chapter 13 II 35 – fair and equitable treatment Chapter 4 III D …” „… – uniform standards Chapter 8 I 117 fair and equitable treatment standard Chapter 2 IV 43; Chapter 13 VI 16 …” „… settlement Chapter 8 IV 39 – applicability to fair and equitable treatment Chapter 8 IV 55 – applicability …”

Bruno Simma, Dirk Pulkowski I. Two Worlds, but Not Apart: International Investment Law and General International Law S. 361-371

„… parties, forming the Free Trade Commission, resolved that ‘[t]he concepts of “fair and equitable treatment …” „… Zachary Douglas has observed that BIT guarantees of fair and equitable treatment must be taken as …” „… ” and “full protection and security” do not require treatment in addition to or beyond that which is …”

Vivienne Bath, Luke Nottage C. The ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement and ‘ASEAN Plus’ – The Australia–New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA) and the PRC–ASEAN Investment Agreement S. 283-303

„… fair and equitable treatment, full protection and protection regarding expropriation,48 while the AIA …” „… consistent. ACIA and the ASEAN Plus Agreements all provide for fair and equitable treatment and full …” „… protection and security.50 Each agreement provides that fair and equitable treatment requires a State not to …”

Andreas R. Ziegler X. Investment Law in Conflict with WTO Law? S. 1784-1801

„… Violations Also Contrary to the Fair and Equitable Treatment Obligations in Investor Protection Agreements …” „… and equitable treatment’ obligation could be interpreted as requiring a host State to comply with all …” „… intellectual property rights according to the TRIPs can easily be construed as treatment that is not fair and …”

Jorge E. Viñuales VII. Investment Law and Sustainable Development: The Environment breaks into Investment Disputes S. 1714-1738

„… fair and equitable treatment standard protecting the investor’s legitimate expectations. In assessing …” „… . Under the fair and equitable treatment standard the investor is only protected if (at least) reasonable …” „… the breach of fair and equitable treatment under the BIT (…) [because] (…) 114 Ibid., paras. 220, 222 …”

Christoph Schreuer V. The Future of International Investment Law S. 1904-1912

„… indirect expropriation, has occurred. Similarly, the application of the fair and equitable treatment …” „… basis of nationality would be a violation of the fair and equitable treatment standard. In addition …” „… nationalities is illegal. There are rules against arbitrary and discriminatory treatment. Discrimination on the …”

Marc Bungenberg, Stephan Hobe II. The Relationship of International Investment Law and European Union Law S. 1602-1628

„… was rejected by the tribunal when comparing the fair and equitable treatment (FET) standard with the …” „… which constituted a breach of the fair and equitable treatment standard.166 According to this arbitral …” „… that the rights offered to investors under the BIT, including the fair and equitable treat- 150 For …”

August Reinisch V. National Treatment S. 846-869

„… so-called absolute treatment standards, like fair and equitable treatment or full protection and security …” „… ultimately held that Argentina did not only breach the standard of fair and equitable treatment (FET), but …” „… the Same Coin?’ (2008) 102 AJIL 48–89; Todd Grierson-Weiler and Ian Laird, ‘Standards of Treatment’ in …”

Irmgard Marboe V. Valuation in Cases of Breach of Contract S. 1103-1114

„… ‘fair and equitable treatment’ or ‘full protection and security’, while in Autopista v. Venezuela the …” „… simultaneously constitutes a violation of a treaty provision, such as an obligation to fair and equitable …” „… treatment, full protection and security or – most importantly – an umbrella clause.2 Contracts may also be …”

André von Walter I. Investor-State Contracts in the Context of International Investment Law S. 80-92

„… concepts such as arbitrariness, fair and equitable treatment, respect of acquired rights, or good faith …” „… international law standards, such as the prohibition of expropriation or the standard of fair and equitable …” „… treatment, and many IIAs explicitly call for the application of rules and principles of international law …”

Borzu Sabahi, Kabir Duggal, Nicholas Birch VI. Limits on Compensation for Internationally Wrongful Acts S. 1115-1129

„… For a comprehensive treatment of the conditions under which a state of necessity may be invoked and …” „… VI. Limits on Compensation for Internationally Wrongful Acts* Borzu Sabahi, Kabir Duggal and …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. Factual Causation and Burden of Proof …”

Carsten Kern VI. Transfer of Funds S. 870-886

„… transfer of funds and fair and equitable treatment and full protection and security.’ Chapter 8: Standards …” „… equitable, non-discriminatory and good faith application of measures (…) provided that such measures and …” „… .31 The imposition of these restrictions often has to be ‘equitable’, ‘non-discriminatory’, and in …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… : 700 Fair and Equitable Treatment: Content, Practice, Method ........................I. 700 Marc Jacob …” „… international law and international investment law. His most recent book is The Fair and Equitable Treatment …” „… Reference to the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard. Professor Pierre-Marie Dupuy is an emeritus …”

Giorgio Sacerdoti, Matilde Recanati XIII. Approaches to Investment Protection outside of Specific International Investment Agreements and Investor-State Settlement S. 1839-1862

„… obligation of encouraging foreign investments (Art. 2, para. 1); of fair and equitable treatment of foreign …” „… of operations (under the FCN Treaty) and the fair and equitable standard of the BITs, in view of the …” „… standards of a minimum international treatment, national treatment, full, prompt and effective compensation …”

Ursula Kriebaum VIII. Expropriation S. 959-1030

„… consequence expropriation clauses have been overshadowed by other treaty standards like fair and equitable …” „… , the tribunal found that while there was a breach of the fair and equitable standard under Article 1105 …” „… World Bank Guidelines on the Treatment of Foreign Direct Investment29 and the OECD Draft Negotiating …”

Jean-Christophe Honlet, Barton Legum, Anna Crevon A. ICSID Annulment S. 1431-1459

„… breach of the fair and equitable treatment was briefly raised by the tribunal during a hearing on …” „… partially annulled insofar as it dealt with the amount of compensation for breach of the fair and equitable …” „… evidence presented by the other.’); Vivendi I (n. 20) para. 85 (referring to ‘a full and fair opportunity …”

Patrick Dumberry VII. Moral Damages S. 1130-1141

„… and equitable treatment under the BIT. The tribunal awarded the claimant USD 24 million in …” „… short of the minimum standard of international law’20 and had breached the obligation to provide fair …” „… , ‘Moral Damages in Investment Arbitration and Public International Law’ in Ian A. Laird and Todd J. Weiler …”

Michael Hahn II. EU Rules and Obligations Related to Investment S. 671-684

„… negotiations, BITs employ other standards as well, such as ‘fair and equitable treatment’ after admission and …” „… areas relevant for third-country investors and, in the process, also harmonised the treatment to be …” „… (mode 3),37 national treatment and 1. 32 See contribution by Andreas Ziegler, ‘Investment Law in …”

Karsten Nowrot Chapter 10: Obligations of Investors S. 1154-1185

„… expectations and its relevance in connection with the fair and equitable treatment standard see, e.g., Rudolf …” „… ) 145 et seq.; and Marc Jacob and Stephan Schill, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment’, ch. 8.I., 700–763. 63 …” „… Investor under the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard’ (2006) 55 ICLQ 527, 536 et seq. 80 On the …”

John Y. Gotanda VIII. Interest S. 1142-1153

„… provisions on fair and equitable treatment.19 In some cases involving non-expropriatory breaches of BITs or …” „… interest rate determined to be fair. In McCollough & Company, Inc. v. The Ministry of Post, Telegraph and …” „… ; John Gotanda, ‘Compounding Interest in Interest: The Global Economy, Deflation, and Interest’ in Arthur …”

Achim-R. Börner IV. Investment Law and Energy S. 1644-1676

„… Wirtschaftsrecht 136–141; Rachel Hird, ‘Wälde and the fair and equitable treatment standard in international …” „… The standard of fair and equitable treatment103 was applied in PSEG104 and CMS.105 The Argentine cases …” „… , ‘Wälde and the fair and equitable treatment standard in international investment law’ (2009) 27 JERL 377 …”

Irmgard Marboe III. Valuation in Cases of Expropriation S. 1057-1081

„… the obligation of fair and equitable treatment and measures tantamount to expropriation. The tribunal …” „… :// www.wcl.american.edu/hrbrief/v 3i2/cimien32.htm. 17 Todd Weiler ‘Standards of Treatment’ in Peter Muchlinski, Federico Ortino and …” „… , Irmgard Marboe, ‘Compensation and Damages in International Law. The Limits of “Fair Market Value”’ (2006 …”

Stephan Wittich V. Investment Arbitration: Remedies S. 1391-1430

„… in terms of remedies between a breach of the standard of fair and equitable treatment, the standard …” „… law concerning the treatment of foreigners and the failure by the host State to apprehend or …” „… treatment of compensation which introduces a punitive element’, and then rejecting any award of punitive …”

Irmgard Marboe I. The System of Reparation and Questions of Terminology S. 1031-1044

„… “Fair Market Value”’ (2006) 7 JWIT 723–759; Sergey Ripinsky and Kevin Williams, Damages in International …” „… problem in Irmgard Marboe, ‘Compensation and Damages in International Law. The Limits of “Fair Market …” „… International Tribunal Awards and Writings of Publicists’ in World Bank (ed), Legal Framework for the Treatment …”

Armand de Mestral III. Pre-Entry Obligations under International Law S. 685-699

„… Lluís Paradell, Law and practice of investment treaties: standards of treatment (Wolters Kluwer, 2009 …” „… Admission and Treatment of Foreign Investment under Recent Bilateral and Regional Treaties’ (2000) 1 JWI …” „… Giorgio Sacerdoti, ‘The Admission and Treatment of Foreign Investment under Recent Bilateral and Regional …”

Marc Bungenberg, Manjiao Chi C. Chinese Investment Law S. 221-239

„… , including State-owned enterprises, pegging the fair and equitable treatment to the customary international …” „… 2000 onwards, China began to include more substantial national treatment provisions63 and offer consent …” „… incorporating also the TRIMs agreement is that the TRIMs agreement imposes obligations of national treatment and …”

Morris Besch II. Typical Questions Arising within Negotiations S. 93-152

„… : How to make contracts for fairer and more sustainable natural resource investments (International …” „… Stabilisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 (4) Advantages and Disadvantages …” „… Consequences under Non-National Regulations . . . . . . 113 D. ‘Dynamic’ and ‘Flexible’ Clauses …”

Joachim Steffens II. Excursus: German Political Risk Insurance S. 1552-1568

„… for investors such as the right to fair and equitable treatment, the prohibition of arbitrary and …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 E. The Interministerial Committee – Tried and Trusted Cooperation . . . . . . 19 F. Bilateral …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Annex 1: Federal Guarantees For Direct Investments Abroad: History and Highlights …”

Anthony Sinclair VII. Umbrella Clause S. 887-958

„… claimant’s claims for violation of the obligation to ensure fair and equitable treatment. 36 SGS v …” „… between International and Domestic Legal Orders 66 a) The Existence of the Protected Obligation …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 c) Analysis of the Question of Admissibility and the Philippines’ Solution …”

James Crawford, Simon Olleson III. The Application of the Rules of State Responsibility S. 411-441

„… question, as it was able to find a breach of the fair and equitable treatment standard on the basis of …” „… ) and 28 (non-retroactivity) of the VCLT. To the extent that obligations to accord treatment of a …” „… III. The Application of the Rules of State Responsibility James Crawford and Simon Olleson A …”

Christina Binder IV. Circumstances Precluding Wrongfulness S. 442-480

„… did not find a violation of the ‘fair and equitable treatment’ standard of Article 3 of the 1991 …” „… Necessity Defence and Treaty Exceptions …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 2. The Countermeasures Defence Under Customary International Law: Articles 22 and 49–53 of the ILC …”

Michael Waibel II. Investment Arbitration: Jurisdiction and Admissibility S. 1212-1287

„… parties in such cases ask tribunals to decide on the basis of what they consider to be fair and equitable …” „… and host country agree jointly on the treatment standards guaranteed to cross-border investment and on …” „… II. Investment Arbitration: Jurisdiction and Admissibility1 Michael Waibel A. Introduction …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845258997

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Ivan Stepanov

Eli Lilly and Beyond

Series: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center - MIPLC Studies

Volume 33 2018

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V. Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard and Legitimate Expectations S. 50-66

„… Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard and Legitimate Expectations The FET standard and legitimate …” „… observed in this thesis. Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard General Characteristics Most IIAs contain a …” „… accord investments by investors of the other Contracting State fair and equitable treatment as well as …”

List of Works Cited S. 79-84

„… Expectations and the Fair And Equitable Treatment Standard under NAFTA article 1105, 31(1) J. Intʼl Arb. 47 …” „… Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard, and the International Law of Investment, 25(1) L.J.I.L., 77 …” „… . J. Intʼl L. 261, (2014-2015) Kalicki, Jean, et al, Fair, Equitable and Ambiguous: What is the Fair …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-14

„… Treatment Standard and Legitimate Expectations V. 50 Fair and Equitable Treatment StandardA. 50 General …” „… Characteristics1. 50 The Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard under NAFTA 2. 53 Metalclad v. Mexicoa) 53 S. D …” „… ECtHR European Court of Human Rights FET Fair and Equitable Treatment FTC NAFTA Free Trade Commission …”

IV. “Promise Utility Doctrine” S. 40-49

„… , Supra note 155, at 141-43. 190 Kathleen Liddell & Michael Waibel, Fair and Equitable Treatment and Judi …” „… “Promise Utility Doctrine” Canadian Law and Courts Canada has a mixed legal tradition which is …” „… centuries, as Canada was slowly gaining more independence, the judicial and legal links with the English …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845293110

Niclas Landmann - Legitimate Expectations and Fair-and-Equitable-Treatment under the Energy Charter Treaty

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Niclas Landmann

Legitimate Expectations and Fair-and-Equitable-Treatment under the Energy Charter Treaty

Series: Studien zum Internationalen Investitionsrecht

Volume 41 2022

Results in this title

Chapter 1: The Principle of Fair and Equitable Treatment S. 48-69

„… The Principle of Fair and Equitable Treatment Pursuant to Article 26(6) ECT, tribunals trying …” „… /03/19, para. 185. See also Palombino, Fair and Equitable Treatment and the Fabric of General Principles …” „… International Investment Arbitration, para. 9.05; Kläger, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment’ and Sustainable …”

Chapter 2: Legitimate Expectations as the Core Element of Fair and Equitable Treatment S. 70-135

„… Legitimate Expectations as the Core Element of Fair and Equitable Treatment The term “legitimate …” „… Settlement (Studies in International Trade Law vol 4, Hart 2006). 276 Palombino, Fair and Equitable Treatment …” „… and the Fabric of General Principles, p. 86. 277 Schill, Fair and Equitable Treatment, the Rule of Law …”

Summary S. 345-352

„… understanding of the vague concept of the FET standard. Fair and Equitable Treatment as a “Black Box”? In the …” „… still I. 1697 Dolzer, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment: Today’s Contours’, p. 15; Kläger, ‘Fair and …” „… Knoll-Tudor, The Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard and Human Rights Norms, p. 319. 1701 Mondev …”

Bibliography S. 353-370

„… of Cards: The Relevance of Legitimate Expectations under Fair and Equitable Treatment Provisions in …” „… , The Core Standard of International Investment Protection: Fair and Equitable Treatment (International …” „… Arbitration Law Library, 2012). Dolzer R, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment: Today’s Contours’ (2014) 12(1) Santa …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-22

„… TreatmentChapter 1: 48 Interpretation of Provisions Including the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard I. 50 Fair …” „… Fair-and-Equitable-Treatment under the Energy Charter Treaty A Comparative Analysis of the Renewable Energy Cases Niclas …” „… and Equitable Treatment as an Overarching International Law Principle II. 52 The Fair and Equitable …”

Introduction S. 23-47

„… under Part III of the ECT, mainly the violation of the Standard of Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET …” „… Under the Energy Charter Treaty, p. 52-57. 12 Kläger, ‘‘Fair and Equitable Treatment’ and Sustainable …” „… ’ (2006) 21(1) ICSID Review 1, p. 17. 20 Kläger, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment’ and Sustainable …”

Chapter 5: Interpretation and Evaluation of Arbitral Jurisprudence S. 311-344

„… International Investment Law, p. 3. 1525 Kläger, Revising Treatment Standards— Fair and Equitable Treatment in …” „… Investment Law, p. 115, Section 6.03; Kläger, ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment’ in International Investment Law …” „… ) provides that “when applying the above fair and equitable treatment obligation, a Tribunal may take into …”

Chapter 4: Analysis of the Case Law Involving Legitimate Expectations S. 187-310

„… , ‘Fair and Equitable Treatment’ in International Investment Law, p. 187; Total S.A. v. The Argentine …” „… , para. 162, 163. See also Palombino, Fair and Equitable Treatment and the Fabric of General Principles …” „… Dolzer and Schreuer, Principles of International Investment Law, p. 145; Kläger, ‘Fair and Equitable …”

Chapter 3: The Renewable Energy Cases S. 136-186

„… unchanged but obligates the host state to keep all modifications reasonable and equitable.774 Only by …” „… resolutions.803 The support scheme for an equitable recovery of investment and operating costs by PV energy …” „… create legitimate expectations by their acts and measures, the investors have to assert a certain amount …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748930259

Khrushchev Ekwueme - Protection of Foreign Investment in Context

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Khrushchev Ekwueme

Protection of Foreign Investment in Context

Series: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Recht

Volume 496 2007

Results in this title

Fair and Equitable Treatment, Full Protection and Constant Security S. 286

„… notifications, counter-notifications and general policy dialogue.110812.9.Fair and Equitable Treatment, Full and …” „… give»constant protection and security« and »fair and equitable treatment« to foreigninvestment.1109 This kind of …” „… & Talbot Tribunal construed the standard to meanthat a foreign investor is entitled to a fair treatment …”

General Standard – Fair and Equitable Treatment and Full Protection and Constant Security S. 122-134

„… . General Standard – Fair and Equitable Treatment and Full Protection and Constant SecurityThe general …” „… nationals or companies of each Contracting Party shall at all times be accorded fair and equitable treatment …” „… case accord investments by investors ofthe other Contracting Party fair and equitable treatment as well …”

Most-favoured-nation Treatment S. 134-138

„… 134‘fair and equitable treatment’ includes the obligation not too deny justice in criminal …” „… U.S. government’s position that themeaning of fair and equitable treatment standard is not static, but …” „… of additive fairness injected into the concept of fair and equitable treatment by early NAFTA Chapter …”

Admission and Approval of Investment S. 120-122

„… Party shall at all times be accorded fair and equitable treatment and shall enjoy full protection and …” „… Contracting Party fair and equitable treatment as well as full treatment under theTreaty.«Furthermore, Article …” „… in connectionwith the investment covered by the treaty.455 5.6. General Standard – Fair and Equitable …”

Conclusion S. 153

„… commitments, the obligation to give fair and equitable treatment toforeign investment is the most …” „… and equitable treatment;4) Guaranteeing investors of a Contracting Party the right of free transfer …” „… investors of a Contracting Party and their investments full protection and constant security as well as fair …”

Incentives S. 284-286

„… Parties to give»constant protection and security« and »fair and equitable treatment« to foreigninvestment …” „… mechanism of notifications, counter-notifications and general policy dialogue.110812.9.Fair and Equitable …” „… Treatment, Full and Constant Protection and SecurityThe OECD MAI would have placed a duty on the Contracting …”

Taking and Compensation S. 286-288

„… notifications, counter-notifications and general policy dialogue.110812.9.Fair and Equitable Treatment, Full and …” „… give»constant protection and security« and »fair and equitable treatment« to foreigninvestment.1109 This kind of …” „… & Talbot Tribunal construed the standard to meanthat a foreign investor is entitled to a fair treatment …”

Introduction S. 107-108

„… violations of the nondiscrimination obligations and breaches of the fair and equitable treatment obligation …” „… clauses and the standards of fair and equitable treatmentand full protection and security in the treaties …” „… BIT is an international agreement between the host State and the home State of the foreign investor …”

Dispute Settlement Between the Contracting Parties S. 151-153

„… constant security as well as fair and equitable treatment;4) Guaranteeing investors of a Contracting Party …” „… investors.Among these commitments, the obligation to give fair and equitable treatment toforeign investment is the …” „… Convention is an essential aspectof this work, and its treatment is reserved for extensive examination in …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-16

„… . Fair and Equitable Treatment, Full Protection and ConstantSecurity 28612.10. Taking and Compensation …” „… Scope 1195.5. Admission and Approval of Investment 1205.6. General Standard – Fair and Equitable …” „… Treatment and Full Protection and Constant Security 1225.7. Basic Standards on Equality and …”

The Emergence and Growth of Investment Treaties S. 108-110

„… breaches of the fair and equitable treatment obligation in investment treaties. This chapter will focus …” „… more on the exposition ofthe non-discrimination clauses and the standards of fair and equitable …” „… treatmentand full protection and security in the treaties than on the expropriation and nationalization clause …”

Attributability S. 71-76

„… and full security in accordance with the principles of fair and equitable treatment.« 213 Art. 5 of …” „… violated its obligation under Article 2(2) of theIPPA to accord Wena’s investment ‘fair and equitable’ and …” „… each of the Contracting Parties shall grant »fair and equitabletreatment according to the principles of …”

Catching up with Global Economic Reality S. 272-273

„… and equitable treatment of investment? Taking and compensation? Dispute settlement? Exceptions and …” „… establishment of investment? Performance requirement? Incentives? Full protection and constant security, fair …” „… BITs has not resolved satisfactorily this issue and other issues relating to the treatment of foreign …”

Scope and Structure of the Study S. 27-29

„… »fair and equitable manner«foreign investment, as well as to shed light on the concept of transparency …” „… investment contracts together with case lawsregulate the admission and treatment of foreign investment in …” „… 27sues concerning the political risks facing foreign investment, investment regulation, and …”

Exceptions and Limitations to the MFN and NT Standards S. 143-144

„… , and for the purpose of the treaties under review, Nigeria. The exercise of this right must be fair and …” „… equitable and it must be tailored to meet the policy goal underpinning this exception, which is to …” „… treatment less favourablewithin the meaning of Article 4.«543 See Art. 4(3) of the Nigeria-Germany BIT and …”

Introduction S. 271-272

„… ? Performance requirement? Incentives? Full protection and constant security, fair and equitable treatment of …” „… the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (»OECD«)from 1995-1998. The OECD MAI was to …” „… liberalization, investment protection, and investment dispute resolution.1033 The 29 OECD Member States, together …”

National Treatment S. 138-143

„… exercise of this right must be fair and equitable and it must be tailored to meet the policy goal …” „… toincorporate into them procedural provisions in other investment treaties.5.7.2. National TreatmentThe NT and …” „… FDI, prima facie, presupposes thedisparate treatment of domestic investors and foreign investors, but …”

Nigeria-U.K. BIT of 11 December, 1990 S. 325-332

„… accorded fair and equitable treatment and shall enjoy full protection and security in the territory of the …” „… Party.ARTICLE 3 NATIONAL TREATMENT AND MOST-FAVOURED-NATION PROVISIONS(1) Neither Contracting Party shall in its …” „… the same treatment in respect of the rights and claims acquired by it by virtue of the assignment and …”

Nigeria-Germany BIT of 28 March, 2000 S. 332-340

„… Contracting Party fair and equitable treatment as well as full protection under theTreaty.(3) Neither …” „… .334ARTICLE 4 NATIONAL TREATMENT AND MOST-FAVOURED-NATION PROVISIONS(1) Neither Contracting Party shall …” „… 332TREATY BETWEEN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA AND THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY CONCERNING …”

Effect of ICSID Arbitration Clause in a BIT S. 222-226

„… . Furthermore, Lanco alleged that the Argentine government discriminated against itand also denied it a fair and …” „… equitable treatment in violation of the U.S.-ArgentinaBIT. The ICSID Tribunal held that Lanco’s claims were …” „… arbitration clause in the Nigeria-U.K. BIT, institute inhis own name and capacity ICSID arbitration against …”

Consent to ICSID’s Jurisdiction under Section 26(2) of NIPC Act S. 226-230

„… , Lanco alleged that the Argentine government discriminated against itand also denied it a fair and …” „… equitable treatment in violation of the U.S.-ArgentinaBIT. The ICSID Tribunal held that Lanco’s claims were …” „… all purposes derived from the agreement and the BID CONDITIONS, the parties agreeto the jurisdiction …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845202907

Christian Calliess - Herausforderungen an Staat und Verfassung

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Christian Calliess (ed.)

Herausforderungen an Staat und Verfassung

Series: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Volume 100 2015

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Stefan Weber Creditor Bail-in Tools to Avoid Bankruptcy Liquidation of Financial Institutions and the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard S. 360-382

„… reasonable timeframe.The fair and equitable treatment (FET) standardBail-in measures may disrupt the rights …” „… guarantees typically include fair and equitable treatment, protection from expropriation, free transfer of …” „… Disputes),rather than suing the host state in its courts.44The fair and equitable treatment („FET”) standard has …”

Burkhard Hess Die Legitimationskrise der Investitionsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit S. 163-175

„… Behandlung („fair and equitable treatment“)19, Meistbegünstigung („most favored nation clause“)20, Schutz …” „… einem spekulativen Markt entwickelt, in dem spezialisierte Unternehmen (oft Hedgefonds oder andere …” „… anderer EU-Staaten gegen neue Mitgliedstaaten mit dem Zielinitiierten, über Investitionsschutzabkommen …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-24

„… TomuschatCreditor Bail-in Tools to Avoid Bankruptcy Liquidation of FinancialInstitutions and the Fair and Equitable …” „… Interpretation des damals neuenArt. 3b EGV gefiel5, so ambivalent erschien mir gleichzeitig ein anderer …” „… beitsbedingungen auf der Assistentenstelle als so fair und die Atmosphärean Lehrstuhl und Europa-Institut als so …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845254319

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