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David K. Wiggins

More Than a Game

2018

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Chapter 7. Race, Black Athletes, and the Globalization of Sport S. 159-194

„… 159Recent scholarly publications make clear the complex connection among race, gender, and sport …” „… regarding race and sport performance and concerns about the inability of blacks to secure coaching …” „… inferiority, and could further the progress of the race. The belief in the representational power of sport was …”

Notes S. 201-208

„… Auxiliaries’ in American Memories: Sport, Race and Politics in the Construction of Modern Legacies,” The …” „… Athletes: How Sport Has Damaged Black America and Preserved the Myth of Race,’” Diverse Issues in Higher …” „… ), see especially, 83–106.Notes202 • Notes9. David K. Wiggins, “Sport and Popular Pastimes: Shadow of …”

Chapter 2. Freedom to Participate on an Unlevel Playing Field S. 23-50

„… and sports promoter Daniel O’Leary (thus the name “Black Dan”), Hart won many prestigious races in a …” „… , golf, tennis, pedestrianism, blood sports, horse racing, and bicycling, among other sports.A select …” „… numbers, now real-izing success, and in some cases dominating, other sports.Jackson, Johnson, and White …”

Documents S. 221-286

„… were the strongest people in the world.Document 7: Mixing of Race and Sport in the Crescent CityThe …” „… second point clear, for much of the past and future development of the race is misunderstood from …” „… energy on the altar of their race, but the danger is lest under continuous and persistent proscription …”

Chapter 4. Striving to Be Full Participants in America’s Pastimes S. 79-104

„… the pernicious nature of race and simultaneous growth of college sport as big business in the United …” „… connection between race and sport performance that would, in one form or another, con-tinue to this very day …” „… sport history, one fueled by issues of race, politics, and international conflict. One legend, a dubious …”

Chapter 6. Sport and the Civil Rights Movement S. 131-158

„… on black athletes and more broadly the interconnection among race, sport, and American culture.Topics …” „… the link among race, physical ability, and sport performance in a 1971 essay in Sports Illustrated …” „… tried to explain the connection between race and sport performance, were con-voluted and largely …”

Chapter 3. Sport behind the Walls of Segregation S. 51-78

„… even more about race, gender, and conceptions of the black body and guiding principles of sport …” „… self-organization and business acumen. The sport programs behind the walls of segregation, moreover, provided an …” „… and professional levels of competition.A number of important amateur teams and sports organizations …”

Index S. 287-300

„… forces, 91; on race, 237–39; on track/field, 89; on youth sport, 174amateur sport, 120–130Amdur, Neil …” „… Has Damaged Black America and Preserved the Myth of Race (Hoberman), 160, 277Davies, Charles “Parson …” „… , Shirley, 113Powell, Renee, 119Powell, Shaun, 189, 282prejudices: anti-Negro, 234; race and, 38, 129, 247 …”

Chapter 1. Establishing the Boundaries of Sport: Slavery’s Lasting Legacy S. 7-22

„… types of activities that can clearly be clas-sified as a combination of recreation and sport. During …” „… and recreation and sports that helped cement familial relationships with other slaves and provided …” „… survival.The recreation and sports of slaves were offset by others that were more closely intertwined with the …”

Chapter 8. An Altered Athletic Landscape S. 195-200

„… story immediately, rehashing the terrible history of Boston in regard to race relations and sport. Both …” „… to be of less concern to the leaders of sport than protests and boycotts. Sportswriter Christine …” „… sport, especially its time-honored traditions and symbolic gestures, have often been ostracized and …”

Chapter 5. Reintegration of Sport and Its Aftermath S. 105-130

„… American athletes deserved to play at the highest levels of sport.Black sportswriters and those sympathetic …” „… line in other professional and amateur sports.The rate of integration in these sports would be a slow …” „… professional sports, campaigns were being waged to reintegrate MLB and other sports at the highest levels of …”

Introduction S. 1-6

„… interconnection among race, sport, and American culture because of the protests lodged by black athletes during …” „… based on race, the underrepresentation of black athletes in selected sports and overrepresentation in …” „… sport at every level of competition. Continually faced with racial discrimination and racialist thinking …”

Chronology S. 209-212

„… Sports.Founding of National Negro Bowling Association.1946 Kenny Washington and Woody Strode reintegrate the …” „… integrates modern Major League Baseball.1950 Earl Lloyd, Nat “Sweetwater” Clifton, and Chuck Cooper integrate …” „… Gibson captures her first Wimbledon and US Lawn Tennis Association championships. 1958 Willie O’Ree …”

Bibliographic Essay S. 213-220

„… race, sport, and American culture. David K. Wiggins furnishes insights into African Ameri-can …” „… ); Thabiti Lewis, Ballers of the New School: Race and Sports in America (Chicago: Third World Press, 2010 …” „… ); and Earl Smith, Race, Sport, and the American Dream (Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 2013 …”

Preface

„… account, sober but poignant, by the field’s preeminent scholar that reveals as much about sport and race …” „… as he explores the history and politics of race and sport in America. This is a wonderful and …” „… color line in American sports. Anyone interested in the complex history of race and sports should read …”

About the Author S. 301-302

„… Docu-mentary History of the African American Experience in Sport (2003), and editor or co-editor of Sport and …” „… the Color-Line: Black Athletes and Race Relations in Twentieth Century America (2003), Out of the …” „… and currently president-elect of the North American Society for Sport History.About the Author …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538114988

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Alexandra Allred

When Women Stood

2023

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Six The Importance of Race, Sports, and the Polite Society S. 53-62

„… 53SixThe Importance of Race, Sports, and the Polite SocietyIn the 1920s, as a few liberties (not …” „… feet tall. The Importance of Race, Sports, and the Polite Society 55That’s more altitude than any male …” „… justice. Still, Idar Juarez refused to be intimi- The Importance of Race, Sports, and the Polite Society …”

Nine The Real History behind Title IX and the Battle of the Sexes S. 95-104

„… civil rights and labor law that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and …” „… rights, voting rights, Medicare, housing rights, consumer pro-tection, race relations, and educational …” „… race, color, religion, and national origin by landlords, real estate agents and companies, cities …”

Twenty Game Changers S. 249-266

„… medals, a silver medal, and a Sports-manship Award, but she did not run for any medals or awards. In her …” „… both boys and girls in organized youth sports by adolescence.5 According to Open Access Journal of …” „… and sports channels, and single-handedly brought credibility to women’s wrestling. She was a …”

Eleven The Third Wave and the Women of the 1980s and 1990s S. 119-136

„… “Sportsman of the Year” by Sports Illustrated after she won the 1,500 and 3,000 meters at the 1983 World …” „… and ’90s, the history of women in sports and society saw great successes. By the 1950s, one of every …” „… business of sport and the modern Olympics, however, it was pure gold. Its female athletes were the most …”

Ten Media Relations and the Second-Wave Woman S. 105-118

„… young-est and one of the first women sportscasters for a national network. She cofounded the Women’s Sports …” „… previously not. Roller derby—an intense, grueling sport of speed, endur-ance, and power—began conversations …” „… promoters and showed the media the economic and cultural value of fe-male athletes in sport.4 Roller derby …”

Seven Women, War, and Their Entry into Sport S. 63-76

„… 63SevenWomen, War, and Their Entry into SportEven before World Wars I and II, before women were …” „… stunts, Bessie Coleman. New York Public Library Women, War, and Their Entry into Sport 65she was a crowd …” „… in the world. Budanova performed “solo Women, War, and Their Entry into Sport 67hunting,” an honor …”

Preface

„… sports.”—Chenell Brooks, “Coach SoHo,” defensive coordinator and football Hall of Famer“Cascading through centuries …” „… historical insights in this eye-opener delve into the tumultu-ous plight of women in sports and the …” „… contributions they made throughout sport and society. An inspiration to all.”—Jill Bakken Linder, U.S. Olympic …”

Notes S. 287-328

„… Swimmers ‘Period’ Comment Breaks Taboo in Sports—And in China,” NPR, August 17, 2016 …” „… , https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsand soda/2016/08/17/490121285/a-swimmers-period-comment-breaks-taboos-in -sports-and-in-china.59. Ben …” „… .nytimes.com/2020/08/18/sports/transgender-athletes-womens-sports-idaho .html.15. Gillian Brassil and Jere …”

Seventeen The Fourth Wave in Sports and Society S. 205-218

„… launch Empower Women and Girls Through Sports.According to the United Nations, when girls participate in …” „… sports.WOMEN WHO COACHAround the world, females were stepping into positions of coaches, ref-erees, and …” „… 205SevenTeenThe Fourth Wave in Sports and SocietyA fake fourth wave of feminism was launched in …”

Twenty-One Where to Go from Here? S. 267-280

„… sport. She reached out to the NFL to pair “Let’s Move!” and the NFL’s PLAY 60 to fight childhood …” „… bikinis.When Norway’s women’s beach handball team revealed its new uni-form, a wider and more supportive sports …” „… of Sport Climbing (IFSC) World Championships in Moscow 2021, competitors and spectators were shocked …”

Twelve Exploitation of the Female Image S. 137-150

„… records for both the 1,000-meter and 3,000-meter races and was the youngest American athlete to represent …” „… familiar with the scenario rallied with hashtags emerging: #FixGirlsSports, #WomenEmpowerment, and …” „… . This Nike team was the top running program in the country and yet we had no certified sports …”

Index S. 331-350

„… , Kariman (track and field athlete), 211–12Ackerman, Kathryn (sports medicine), 277. See also Female Athlete …” „… Studies, 245Center on Gender Equality and Health, 182Cevallos, Manolo (sports radio commentator), 60 …” „… also Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD)Empowering Women and Girls Through Sport, 207–9 …”

One Early Women Warriors to Domesticity S. 1-8

„… four-horse chariot race against men. As the daughter of King Archidamus II and sister to King Agesilaus, she …” „… tethrippon—an extremely dangerous and prestigious nine-mile chariot race in which the owner/master of the horses …” „… could enter based solely on status and ownership. Owners did not have to race, selecting slaves instead …”

Eighteen Transgender Female Athletes in Sport S. 219-236

„… history and space in the world of sports.The world of women’s sport historically has been inclusive (since …” „… feel that cisgender female girls and women are being forced out of sports.“This is the problem,” said …” „… parity in professional sports—and now that we are actually starting to gain some ground, that’s all …”

Three White Women in Sport S. 19-26

„… ) sport, and while systematically unfair, it was these women who then pushed the boundaries to show what …” „… , IMMIGRATION, AND “RACE SUICIDE”The 1830s brought about even more change with rapid industrialization. Just as …” „… alarmed white slavery advocates and those who subscribed to the superiority of the white race. At the same …”

Five Women of Color and Their Place in the Women’s Movement S. 39-52

„… equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate race-based discrimination.”14But, in surviving both …” „… slavery and the Jim Crow era, Black women had learned that eliminating race- and gender-based …” „… rights workers of all races and backgrounds traveled to the South to help Blacks officially register to …”

Fifteen The Closing of the Twentieth Century S. 179-194

„… , race car driving, and other previous male-only sports. At the same time, the sexual revolution, which …” „… , race and event officials, trainers, and agents, not to men-tion sports journalists, feel compelled to …” „… show sports fans and sponsors alike that indeed female athletes were heterosexual, publicizing that 91 …”

Eight A League of Their Own S. 77-94

„… was a dream come true.Unlike any professional sport before it, the managers and owners of the AAGPBL …” „… (1931– ) and Henry “Hank” Aaron (1934– ). Sports historians have called Stone “the best baseball player …” „… their talent and passion that kept the sport alive during World War II and did so during times when they …”

Two The Media Image of Women of Enlightenment S. 9-18

„… a few sports, such as tennis or golf, but both their clothing attire and al-lowable time to …” „… , archery and croquet were allowable sports for upper-class women in England, with clubs having a more …” „… footing in the world of sport, for strength, for a sense of well-being and belonging, this has also posed …”

Thirteen Modern Medicine for the Modern Woman S. 151-170

„… medaled in any sport. Reporters later asked Torrence what she and Davis had been doing during the race. “I …” „… injury than men in head injuries by vehicle collisions, assault, and sport-related injuries.21 It is not …” „… women’s soccer, and she used that platform to go beyond sport and to begin speaking to the medical …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538171356

Markwart Herzog, Michael Krüger - Schwimmen

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Markwart Herzog (ed.), Michael Krüger (ed.)

Schwimmen

Series: Sonderband Stadion

Volume 2024

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Olaf Stieglitz “The action is sometimes too swift for the camera:” Visualizing Modernity in American Swimming Pools S. 163-200

„… , Michael Nevin. “Duke Kahanamoku’s Body. Biography of Hawai’i.” Sports Matters: Race, Recreation, and …” „… – from health-oriented adult beginners, to sports-enthusiast teenagers, and to actual athletes seeking …” „… constantly referred to questions of class, race, gender, and sexuality, to aspects of national belonging and …”

Dave Day, Margaret Roberts Unintended Consequences: Women’s Work in Nineteenth-Century English Swimming Baths S. 223-258

„… the close relationship between sport and entertainment as she transitioned from swimming performer to …” „… to the Ladies Tadpole Swimming Club (LTSC) and she handicapped, started, and timed their races as …” „… Charlotte, as the resident swimming mistress, presented a silver cup for a 300 yards race and in October …”

Erik Eggers Der erste Profi: der „Kurbäder-Schwimmer“ Otto Kemmerich, 1886–1952 S. 85-118

„… sports and the first “professional” swimmer, Kemmerich is largely forgotten today.Keywords. Professional …” „… Swimmer; Openwater Swimming; Endurance Swimming; Water Proof Wristwatch; Sport and Tourism; Seaside …” „… 1928.Anonym. „Kemmerich schwimmt wieder.“ Sport-Stunde, 3. August 1928.Anonym. „Der vermisste …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783985721603

Jan Hangebrauck - Sportbezogener Protest gegen die Apartheid in Südafrika 1956–1992

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Jan Hangebrauck

Sportbezogener Protest gegen die Apartheid in Südafrika 1956–1992

2020

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10. Literatur- und Quellenverzeichnis, Interviews S. 411-452

„… Massenkultur und Protest, Hamburg 2014, S. 22–34. Booth, Douglas: The race game. Sport and politics in South …” „… , race and sport in South Africa’s political economy, London/Boston 1985. Jefferys, Kevin: Sport and …” „… . Lapchick, Richard Edward: The Politics of Race and International Sport: The case of South Africa (Studies …”

2. Einleitung S. 17-40

„… Einschlägige Arbeiten hierzu stammen beispielsweise von Grant Jarvie: Class, race and sport in South Africa’s …” „… political economy, London/Boston 1985; Douglas Booth: The race game. Sport and politics in South Africa …” „… widmeten die jeweiligen Mächte den Reaktionen anderer Staaten auf die Apartheid im Sport vermutlich eine …”

4. Apartheid in Südafrika: Rassentrennung und -diskriminierung per Gesetz S. 78-110

„… keinem anderen Zusammenhang verwendet worden.215 Die Umsetzung der Apartheid im Bereich des Sports …” „… -, Provinz- und nationaler Ebene blieb demgegenüber weiterhin 218 Vgl. Krumpholz 1991, S. 41; Sport and …” „… , S. 126f.; SRSA 2014: 27 June 1956. 220 Vgl. Richard Edward Lapchick: The Politics of Race and …”

6. Die politische Positionierung gesellschaftlicher Akteure gegenüber sportbezogenen Protesten S. 153-339

„… stellte eine Zäsur im südafrikanischen Sport dar, da ihr die Wiederaufnahme in die anderen internationalen …” „… . beispielsweise die Aussage von Lord Wakefield of Kendal betreffend Springboks‘ tour and race relations acts, HL …” „… , http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/l ords/1969/nov/26/springboks-tour-and-race-relations-acts#S5LV0305P0_1969112 6_HOL_144, letzter …”

5. Charakteristika des sportbezogenen Protests gegen das Apartheidregime S. 111-152

„… reconstruction, development and transformation of South African diversified society through sport. Cherished …” „… ideals of Nelson Mandela and their challenges, in: The International Journal of Sport and Society 2 (2011 …” „… : FIFA and UEFA, 1954–74, and their legacy, in: International Journal of the History of Sport 14 (1997 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783896659101

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STADION

Browse Volumes: STADION

STADION Volume 39 (2013) Issue 1 ISSN Online: 2942-3430

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Jean Williams Breaking into Olympic Circles: Women and Parallel Versions of the Olympic Games 1900-1936 S. 7-28

„… March 1896 before the official Olympic marathon race for men and another within twenty four hours of …” „… However the confluence of sport and commerce was evident with the inclusion of female athletes in the …” „… Paris Olympic Games in 1900. Existing transnational aspects of women's sport were highlighted and their …”

Martin Polley The 1908 Olympics and the Entente Cordiale S. 29-42

„… Anthropology Days and Olympic Games: Sport, Race, and American Imperialism, Lincoln, NE 2008. 17 GEPPERT …” „… GB (albeit only in a marginal way in some sports) to the cross-cultural music, dance, and spectacle …” „… acrobatics, wrestling, snake-charming, and races between men and animals, as well as a demonstration of …”

Richard Haynes The Maturation of Olympic Television: The BBC, Eurovision and Rome 1960 S. 163-182

„… Sportsview. Under the management of Head of O.B.’s Dimmock, Head of Sport Cowgill and editor Fox, the …” „… , plaudits from senior managers, governing bodies of sport and even their competitors and counterparts at …” „… history of televised sport in the UK. BBC Television’s outside broadcasts from sport have a unique and …”

Summaries – Résumés – Kurzfassungen S. 295-312

„… article examines the reception of the London event and the thoughts on the future of German sport. The …” „… cooperation with the sports organisations, commercial enterprises and governmental authorities of the Federal …” „… , competitions run simultaneously at different venues, each country has interest in certain sports and less in …”

doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2013-1

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