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Hyewon Ahn - Second Generation Patents in Pharmaceutical Innovation

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Hyewon Ahn

Second Generation Patents in Pharmaceutical Innovation

Series: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center - MIPLC Studies

Volume 19 2014

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VI. PROPOSALS S. 246-312

„… PROPOSALS In the literature on economics, particular emphasis has been placed on the best way to …” „… proposals on the instruments for pharmaceutical inventions. 1310 Jaffe/Lerner, 2004, 50; Scotchmer, 5 J …” „… ., 2006, 21-23. VI. PROPOSALS 246 Introduction In the art of pharmaceutical sciences, the first issue …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-21

„… conclusion3. 254 Proposals on the breadth of patentsC. 255 Arguments on the breadth of patents1. 255 …” „… doctrine of equivalentsc) 272 Conclusiond) 274 Proposals on the length of patentsD. 275 Arguments on the …” „… length of patents1. 275 Proposals on the length of patents2. 277 Proposal on the length of basic patentsa …”

VII. FINAL CONCLUSIONS S. 313-321

„… proposals for voluntary license agreements,1683 pharmaceutical companies usually do not want to undermine …” „… . Crucial among these are detailed evaluation and refinement of proposals that were made in chapter 6 …”

I. INTRODUCTION S. 22-28

„… natures of selection inventions, chapter 6 seeks to formulate proposals on the scope, terms, and …”

Bibliography S. 334-355

„… , Karen I., Nonobviousness and the Biotechnology Industry: A Proposal for a Doctrine of Economic …” „… , David C., A Modest Proposal: Toward Improved Access to Biotechnology Research Tools by Implementing a …”

V. IMPLICATIONS OF THE PATENTABILITY REQUIREMENTS ON INNOVATION AND COMPETITION IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY S. 185-245

„… lowered patentability 185 However, this proposal has been highly controversial and its proposed inclusion …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845250861

Wael Zohni - Examining the Role of Patent Quality in Large-Scale "Patent War" Litigation

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Wael Zohni

Examining the Role of Patent Quality in Large-Scale "Patent War" Litigation

Series: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center - MIPLC Studies

Volume 31 2018

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VII. Proposals S. 63-69

„… Proposals Below are respective proposals for addressing the two root problems iden‐ tified from the …” „… , there is currently no re‐ quirement to do so. This proposal only requires that the utility parameter …” „… no longer exist. B. VII. Proposals 64 Description It is proposed that with use of modern information …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-12

„… ProposalsVII. 63 The “Utility Parameter”A. 63 “High-Tech” Patent RegistrationB. 64 Description1. 65 …” „… War” Litigation Wael Zohni A Historical Comparison and Proposal for a Restorative U.S. Patent System …” „… Proposal for a Restorative U.S. Patent System Nomos The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication …”

VIII. Conclusion S. 70-74

„… ‐ proached Samsung on patent pooling proposals to pre-empt confrontations on upcoming products such as the …”

II. Origins of the U.S. Patent System S. 19-25

„… contained a proposal to grant Congress au‐ thority “to secure to authors the exclusive rights to their …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845293097

Katharina Summann - Vergabegrundsätze und Vergabeverfahren im Rechtsvergleich Deutschland - U.S.A.

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Katharina Summann

Vergabegrundsätze und Vergabeverfahren im Rechtsvergleich Deutschland - U.S.A.

Series: Schriften zum Vergaberecht

Volume 13 2007

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Initiativangebote – Unsolicited proposals S. 203-205

„… – Unsolicited proposals Die Vergabe eines öffentlichen Auftrages ist in den U.S.A. unter Umständen auch nach …” „… Auftraggebers möglich. Bei einem sog. “unsolicited proposal” handelt es sich um das schriftliche Angebot eines …” „… „unsolicited proposal“ sehr eng ausgelegt. Nicht erfasst wird die Übermittlung von Werbung759 und von Angeboten …”

Literaturverzeichnis S. 243-258

„… , Critique of the Commission’s Proposal for a new Directive on the Co-ordination of the Procedures for Public …” „… , Ralph Jr., Award on Initial Proposals: Love at first Sight, 1 Nash&Cibinic Report (1987), S.81 ff. 245 …” „… Jr. / Nash, Ralph Jr., Late Bids and Proposals: I hear you knocking but you can’t come in, 6 …”

Das „competitive negotiation“-Verfahren S. 160-187

„… proposal (RFP)“)541, die den Bedarf der öffentlichen Hand umschreibt, die Zuschlagskriterien angibt und …” „… potentielle Bieter zur Abgabe von Lösungsvorschlägen („proposal[s]“) auffordert. Die von den Bietern …” „… – im Gegensatz zu „bids“ beim „sealed bidding“ – als „proposal“ bezeichnet. Die Ausschreibung im Rahmen …”

Abkürzungsverzeichnis S. 17-18

„… Statement 18 RFB Request for Proposal RFI Request for Information RFQ Request for Quotation RFTP …” „… Request for Technical Proposal SSA Source Selection Authority U.S.C. United States Code WTR …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-16

„… . Reguläres Verfahren 156 2. Two-step sealed bidding 157 a) „Request for technical proposals“ 158 b …” „… “ 200 15 d) Resümee 201 4. Zusammenfassung 202 VI. Initiativangebote – Unsolicited proposals 203 VII …”

Das „sealed bidding“-Verfahren S. 156-160

„… Auftraggebers.531 a) „Request for technical proposals“ Im ersten Schritt wird der sog. „request for technical …” „… proposals“ (RFTP) veröffentlicht, in dem der Bedarf des öffentlichen Auftraggebers lediglich grob umrissen …”

Leistungsbezogene Verfahrensarten S. 205-206

„… , ein Verfahren für die In-Empfangnahme von „unsolicited proposals“ einzurichten und bekannt zu machen …”

Lockerung des Vergaberechtsregimes für Aufträge unterhalb bestimmter Schwellenwerte und besondere Auftragsgegenstände S. 189-203

„… öffentlicher Aufträge. VI. Initiativangebote – Unsolicited proposals Die Vergabe eines öffentlichen Auftrages …” „… vorherige Ausschreibung eines öffentlichen Auftraggebers möglich. Bei einem sog. “unsolicited proposal …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845203584

Agnieszka Aleksandra Murawska (Nowakowska) - Administrative Anti-Fraud Measures within the European Union

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Agnieszka Aleksandra Murawska (Nowakowska)

Administrative Anti-Fraud Measures within the European Union

2008

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Legislative proposals S. 233-234

„… 277)7. Legislative proposalsProposal for a European Parliament and Council Directive amending Council …” „… ofmoney launderingProposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the …” „… criminal-law protection of the Community’s financial interests of 25 June 2001, 501PC0272Proposal for a …”

Council documents S. 233

„… 277)7. Legislative proposalsProposal for a European Parliament and Council Directive amending Council …” „… ofmoney launderingProposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the …” „… criminal-law protection of the Community’s financial interests of 25 June 2001, 501PC0272Proposal for a …”

Communications S. 232-233

„… November 2005, 13678/05(Presse 277)7. Legislative proposalsProposal for a European Parliament and Council …” „… system for the purpose ofmoney launderingProposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the …” „… Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on mutual administrativeassistance …”

Corpus Juris S. 188-191

„… The main innovation of Corpus Juris was a proposal for the appointment of anindependent European …” „… the amended proposal of the Corpus Juris, the activity of the EPP should be subject to review in the …” „… non-renewable term of six years by qualified majority, following the proposal of the Commission and with the …”

Reports of the European Court of Auditors S. 237-238

„… on the amended proposal for a Council Regulation (EC, EURATOM) concerning investigations conducted by …” „… the Fraud Office, OJ C 154, 1.06.1999, p. 1 Opinion No. 9/2001 on a proposal for a Directive of the …” „… Structural Funds, OJ C 314,8.11.2001, p. 26Opinion No. 8/2003 on a proposal for a European Parliament and …”

The European Court of Auditors S. 156-159

„… proposals with regard tothe protection of the financial interests of the EC703 and adopted rules …” „… or having a registered of-703 See e.g.: Opinion No. 2/1999 on the amended proposal for a Council …” „… ; Opinion No. 9/2001 on a proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the …”

Introduction – competences and procedure S. 159-161

„… No. 2/1999 on the amended proposal for a Council Regulation (EC,EURATOM) concerning investigations …” „… conducted by the Fraud Office, OJ C 154,1.06.1999, p. 1; Opinion No. 9/2001 on a proposal for a Directive of …” „… Communities on a proposal for a European Parliament and Council Decision establishing a Community action …”

Methodology S. 24-25

„… andstrengthening the position of OLAF. The new proposal for an amendment of theOLAF Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 is …” „… decisions of the European Ombudsman, parliamentary questions, legislative proposals, press releasesand press …” „… , meetings and conferences delivered further insight into the back-25ground of drafting legislative proposals …”

Reform of Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 S. 197-199

„… «, ERA-Forum 2002, vol. 3, p. 147-151 (p.150).882 Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of …” „… seen as a positive step. 3.1.2 New proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the …” „… Public Prosecutor.883A proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Councilamending …”

Draft Article 280a EC Treaty S. 191-193

„… majority, following the proposal of the Commission and with the assent of the European Parliament. 850 See …” „… objectives ofArticle 280(1), the Council, acting on a proposal from the Commission by a qualifiedmajority …” „… during the Inter-Governmental Conference inNice in 2000, the Commission came up with a proposal for the …”

Reports of the Committee of Independent Experts S. 238

„… Treaty, (2005/C 202/01), OJ C 202 of 18.8.2005, p. 1Opinion No. 6/2005 on a proposal for a Regulation of …” „… , p. 33 Opinion No. 8/2005 on a proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the …” „… Report on Reform of the Commission, Analysis ofcurrent practice and proposals for tackling mismanagement …”

Reports of the Supervisory Committee S. 237

„… on the amended proposal for a Council Regulation (EC, EURATOM) concerning investigations conducted by …” „… the Fraud Office, OJ C 154, 1.06.1999, p. 1 Opinion No. 9/2001 on a proposal for a Directive of the …” „… Structural Funds, OJ C 314,8.11.2001, p. 26Opinion No. 8/2003 on a proposal for a European Parliament and …”

Reports of the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) S. 237

„… on the amended proposal for a Council Regulation (EC, EURATOM) concerning investigations conducted by …” „… the Fraud Office, OJ C 154, 1.06.1999, p. 1 Opinion No. 9/2001 on a proposal for a Directive of the …” „… Structural Funds, OJ C 314,8.11.2001, p. 26Opinion No. 8/2003 on a proposal for a European Parliament and …”

Reports of the European Parliament S. 238-239

„… Treaty, (2005/C 202/01), OJ C 202 of 18.8.2005, p. 1Opinion No. 6/2005 on a proposal for a Regulation of …” „… , p. 33 Opinion No. 8/2005 on a proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the …” „… Report on Reform of the Commission, Analysis ofcurrent practice and proposals for tackling mismanagement …”

Outline S. 25-26

„… 25ground of drafting legislative proposals (e.g. regarding the new Regulation (EC)No. 1073/99 or …” „… proposals for the harmonised EU debarment strategy). The main value-added dimension of the research …” „… protection of the financial interestsof the Community. Chapter XII considers new methods and proposals of …”

Commission Draft Directive of 23 May 2001 on protection of EU funds under criminal law S. 193-194

„… during the Inter-Governmental Conference inNice in 2000, the Commission came up with a proposal for the …” „… Draft Directive of23 May 2001, based on Article 280(4).856 This proposal aimed at replacing the …” „… repeatedly mentioned the need to reconsider the proposal for the Directive on criminal-law protection of the …”

Reports of the European Commission S. 236-237

„… the amended proposal for a Council Regulation (EC, EURATOM) concerning investigations conducted by the …” „… Fraud Office, OJ C 154, 1.06.1999, p. 1 Opinion No. 9/2001 on a proposal for a Directive of the European …” „… 314,8.11.2001, p. 26Opinion No. 8/2003 on a proposal for a European Parliament and Council Decision …”

Administrative penalties S. 88-92

„… opinion on the proposal for aCouncil Regulation (EC, EURATOM) on protection of the Communities’ financial …” „… interests.346 According to Article 7 of the above proposal, Community administrative penalties shall be …” „… reluctant to exchange information about doubtful companies. Some proposals for reforms concerned for example …”

Delimitation of the research S. 25

„… 25ground of drafting legislative proposals (e.g. regarding the new Regulation (EC)No. 1073/99 or …” „… proposals for the harmonised EU debarment strategy). The main value-added dimension of the research …”

Objective of the study S. 23-24

„… of OLAF. The new proposal for an amendment of theOLAF Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 is analysed, as …” „… European Ombudsman, parliamentary questions, legislative proposals, press releasesand press articles. The …”

Administrative measures S. 87-88

„… proposal for aCouncil Regulation (EC, EURATOM) on protection of the Communities’ financial interests.346 …” „… According to Article 7 of the above proposal, Community administrative penalties shall be understood as all …”

Constitutional Treaty S. 195-197

„… the establishment of the European Public Prosecutor (EPP), whichwas reflected in the proposals …” „… «, ERA-Forum 2002, vol. 3, p. 147-151 (p.150).882 Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of …”

Third-Pillar instruments aimed at harmonisation of Member State law S. 79-82

„… 291 See Special Report No. 10/2001, l.c., p. 40 et seq.292 Opinion No. 8/2005 on a proposal for a …” „… considering adoption ofthe proposal for a Directive on criminal-law protection of the EC’s financial interests …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-18

„… . 1073/99 1973.1.1 First drafts 1973.1.2 New proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of …” „… documents 2337. Legislative proposals 2338. Other documents and materials 234Appendix D. Reports 236I …”

Background S. 95

„… . Organisation of OLAFIn its initial proposal, the European Commission intended to create OLAF as anentirely …”

Conclusions and prospects S. 93-94

„… . administrative penalties).3745. Conclusions and prospectsOne of the new proposals for effective sanction …”

Protection of persons who suffered retaliation S. 150-151

„… working in DG ADMIN may appeal to the Secretary-General.671 See Article 8a of the proposal for a …”

Assessment by the ECA S. 101-102

„… Opinion No. 2/99 of the Court of Auditors on the amended proposal for a Council Regulation (EC, EURATOM …”

Criminal penalties S. 92-93

„… . administrative penalties).3745. Conclusions and prospectsOne of the new proposals for effective sanction …”

Conclusions S. 202-204

„… actions ofthe national authorities. Nonetheless, there is a hope that some of the new proposals that …”

Green Paper on criminal-law protection of the financial interests of the Community S. 194-195

„… . Accordingly, the Commission repeatedly mentioned the need to reconsider the proposal for the Directive on …”

Complaint to the Director-General according to Article 90(2) of the Statute S. 179-180

„… a proposal fromthe Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice …”

Implementation of reporting obligations by the Member States S. 51-53

„… . 8.151 Proposals for improvement of the system, see Commission Annual Report for 2002, Protection of the …”

Other documents and materials S. 234-235

„… , SPEECH/05/455Opinion No. 6/2005 on a proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the …”

The Immunities and Privileges S. 135-137

„… .603 Provisional version of the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and ofthe Council …”

Assessment by the Supervisory Committee S. 99-101

„… approved the status quo.416412 See Opinion No. 2/99 of the Court of Auditors on the amended proposal for a …”

Irregularities S. 39-41

„… prepared a draft Regulation on mutual administrative assistance in the field of the VAT, seeProposal for a …”

Complaint to the European Union Civil Service Tribunal according to Article 236 EC Treaty in conjunction with Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 and Article 90 of the Staff Regulations S. 180-182

„… a proposal fromthe Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice …”

Rights granted to whistleblowers S. 147-150

„… of the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation …”

The Director-General of OLAF S. 95-98

„… . Organisation of OLAFIn its initial proposal, the European Commission intended to create OLAF as anentirely …”

Rights to be protected S. 121-135

„… the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EC …” „… Communityinstitutions and bodies on the free movement of such data, l.c.603 Provisional version of the proposal for a …”

External investigations S. 102-111

„… strategic analysis, development of anti-fraud policy through draft-103ing legislative proposals, and …”

The Community budget S. 27-37

„… . 269(2) EC Treaty provides that: »The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal fromthe Commission and …”

Secondary law instruments S. 70-79

„… 291 See Special Report No. 10/2001, l.c., p. 40 et seq.292 Opinion No. 8/2005 on a proposal for a …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845206615

Katharina Füglister - Policy Laboratories of the Federal State?

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Katharina Füglister

Policy Laboratories of the Federal State?

Series: Politik und Demokratie in den kleineren Ländern Europas | Politics and Governance in the Smaller European Democracies

Volume 6 2012

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A Parliamentary Proposals S. 201-204

„… A Proposals concerning subsidies, depositedat the federal parliamentDiscussion about revision of …” „… main requests that have been submitted to theFederal Parliament in addition to law proposals are listed …” „… proceedings.Proposals concerning eligibility96.401 Parliamentary Initiative NC (not pursued). Centralization of the …”

Reforms and reform attempts at the federal level S. 104-120

„… the financial sources for the law proposals,the entire second revision of the health insurance law was …” „… . Beforetracing back the parliamentary debate around the proposals to harmonize the subsidy system at the federal …” „… level, the next section provides a general overview of thereform proposals for the LAMal.4.2.3 Reforms …”

LAMA 1911: Subsidies for health insurers S. 95-103

„… initiatives, and two law proposals adopted by the Federal Parliament were clearlyrejected by popular vote …” „… . Furthermore,across all policy fields, proposals that intended to expand state expenditures aremore difficult to pass …” „… contributions from employer andemployees (following the pension model).Initiative (70.2% no)and counter-proposal …”

LAMal 1994: Individual health insurance subsidies S. 103-104

„… .Interestingly, note that most of the reform proposals that finally entered thenew health insurance law—and to …” „… some extent even proposals that are currentlydiscussed—had already been proposed and sometimes even …” „… thedeliberations in Parliament, the proposal was dismantled. To protect the liberalcharacteristics of the Swiss …”

The research questions and empirical context S. 13-18

„… othercountries when formulating reform proposals can be observed in everyday politics, as the following example …” „… . Rather, one can assumethat policy-makers look around when searching for reform proposals and takeinto …” „… components of the Massachusetts plan for their own health reform proposals3 or thedesign of the health …”

Diffusion of health insurance subsidies: Hypotheses S. 133-138

„… 2002, in an explanatory statement for a counter-proposal to a popular initiative requiring the full use …” „… ) that had refused a similar popular initiative and introduced acounter-proposal to modify the …”

Consequences of the heterogeneous system S. 127-133

„… 2002, in an explanatory statement for a counter-proposal to a popular initiative requiring the full use …” „… ) that had refused a similar popular initiative and introduced acounter-proposal to modify the …”

Dependent variables S. 161-164

„… counter-proposals, takingup some of the claims made by the initiatives; in turn, the latter withdrew the initiatives …”

Explanatory variables S. 164-168

„… presented counter-proposals, takingup some of the claims made by the initiatives; in turn, the latter …”

Explanatory variables S. 156-160

„… proposals concerning subsidypolicies, one respondent said that “one should look at how the financial burden …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… Further research 197A Parliamentary Proposals 201B Robustness Checks 2058List of Figures3.1 Monthly …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845243603

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