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Europäischen Zentrum für Föderalismus-Forschung (EZFF) - Jahrbuch des Föderalismus 2017

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Europäischen Zentrum für Föderalismus-Forschung (EZFF) (ed.)

Jahrbuch des Föderalismus 2017

Series: Jahrbuch des Föderalismus

Volume 18 2017

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Maria-Artemis Kolliniati, Philipp Stolzenberg, Georgios Terizakis, Nikolaos-Komninos Hlepas Fiscal Consolidation in Greek and German Municipalities: Strategies, Discourses and Social Cohesion S. 133-145

„… 3. Themen der Forschung Fiscal Consolidation in Greek and German Municipalities 135 Fiscal …” „… Consolidation in Greek and German Municipalities: Strategies, Discourses and Social Cohesion Maria-Artemis …” „… cohesion differ between countries, regions and specific municipalities. Whereas some German cities are …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Municipalities: Strategies, Discourses and Social Cohesion 135 Maria-Artemis Kolliniati/Philipp …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845288253

Jonas Frank - Decentralization in Ecuador

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Jonas Frank

Decentralization in Ecuador

2007

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Sub-game between Municipalities and Provincial Councils S. 222-224

„… municipalities and provincial councils.5.3. Sub-game between Municipalities and Provincial CouncilsInterests …” „… among municipalities and provincial councils coincided and consolidated. They had a genuine interest in …” „… association faced:• First, AME faced growing demands “from below.” The growth of the number of municipalities …”

The Sub-game and Equilibrium among Municipalities and Provincial Councils S. 237-248

„… municipal association AME.22 6.1.2. Responses from MunicipalitiesWhy did this provincial bias in …” „… Equilibrium between Provincial Councils and MunicipalitiesThe intermediate level itself is too weak to …” „… provincial councils and municipalities. The “autonomous” status refers to the particular features …”

The Reform Coalition and the Collective Choice Arena S. 187-192

„… rent.Legislators Maintain leverage over prefects and municipalities.Bargain for local and provincial …” „… reform coalition, however, regarded municipalities, not provincial councils, as the optimal level of …” „… electoral data for municipalities other than provincial capitals.4 Refer to Table B.4.1. For details on …”

The “How” of Decentralization: Ineffi ciencies S. 272-279

„… Equilibrium 6: 1998-2003MunicipalitiesStrong local eli-tes. Concessions from center.Benefi t through higher …” „… middle classes, highland bankers, municipalities, provincial councils, and central government employees …” „… faced increasingly powerful municipalities and provincial councils. As a small and concentrated group …”

Partial Decentralization Equilibrium S. 263-266

„… sub-games: (i) among municipalities and provincial councils, in a sense that municipalities have secured a …” „… 18:02:3727.06.2007 18:02:3264Figure 30: Partial Decentralization Equilibrium, 1998-2003 Municipalities …” „… Provincial Councils Sub-Game 1: Municipalities Provincial Councils Central Government Sub-Game 2:What can one …”

Non-cooperative Equilibrium: 1925-1948 S. 125-127

„… simplifi cation and centralization of tax administration that also affected municipalities.26 Historians …” „… that municipalities seized the opportunity and acquired an important position in the actor 25 He was …” „… growing number of municipalities. More importantly, however, the association was a self-organizing network …”

The Partial Decentralization Equilibrium (1997-2003): New Incentives for the Winners? S. 288-290

„… complex to overcome. These incentives originate in two sub-games: (i) municipalities have achieved a fi …” „… created winners in municipalities and provincial councils; they have received revenue up front without …” „… developed. (i) Sub-game between municipalities and provincial councils. Since the late 1980s, donors have …”

“Pugna de Poderes:” Games Played between Presidents and Legislators S. 287-288

„… administrative autonomy of municipalities and provincial councils. When local governments can access taxes and …” „… incentives originate in two sub-games: (i) municipalities have achieved a fi rst-mover advantage and veto …” „… municipalities and provincial councils; they have received revenue up front without expenditures attached.In …”

Reform Attempts S. 192-206

„… municipalities; and how much to provincial councils; (iii) how much revenue should be earmarked; and how much …” „… municipalities: the tax reform of 1989 facilitated the setting of fl exible rates for some local taxes, and in …” „… 1991 the base for the business tax was broadened, which provided municipalities with more own revenue …”

Consolidation of the Arena of Hierarchy: 1972-1978 S. 142-157

„… this resource fully available to municipalities and provincial councils. The following evidence …” „… Pastaza.10 Ironically, this was the electoral modus for municipalities once the country returned to …” „… addition to municipalities and provincial councils, there were also other public sector organizations that …”

Sub-game and Equilibrium between Sub-national and Central Government S. 248-263

„… 248Equilibrium in the sub-game among municipalities and provincial councils formed. As the early …” „… winners of reform, municipalities used their veto-power to block the efforts of provincial councils at …” „… municipalities that their superiority was challenged and under threat. At the same time, provincial councils do …”

Centralization in an Arena of Hierarchy: 1964-1966 S. 137-141

„… were controlled by autonomous agencies, municipalities, and provincial councils.1 Once implemented …” „… .11).2 Mayors with direct election existed only in municipalities with more than 50.000 habitants, which …” „… basically only applied to provincial capitals (15 in total). In municipalities with less population, by far …”

Actors, Interests, and Decentralization Outcomes 1979-1987 S. 172-184

„… military had encouraged and accepted corporate interest representation.Public servants in municipalities …” „… the four Amazon provinces (municipalities and provincial councils combined) received a fi xed share of …” „… (municipalities) obtained 2 percent of current central government revenue, which was distributed in equal shares …”

Institutions in a Newly Democratizing Unitary State S. 161-172

„… the country’s regions. Protests did not originate, however, in municipalities and provincial councils …” „… municipalities and provincial councils. In a country with an entrenched local autonomy, there was no doubt that …” „… municipalities and provincial councils had to play an important role in the exercise of democratic government.1 …”

Emergence of a Decentralized State: 1830-1924 S. 110-125

„… municipalities and provincial councils (which constitute the autonomous government on the intermediate …” „… the government’s income was administered by either municipalities or autonomous agencies. The …” „… decisions. In 1847, municipalities were eliminated altogether but later reintroduced. The Constitution of …”

Conclusion S. 233-237

„… municipalities. This was a milestone for the indigenous movement with regard to decentralization. Indigenous …” „… number of municipalities were able to enforce their claims on the center. The only possible consensus …” „… transfers. The growing number of municipalities was a sign that decentralization – once it is under way …”

Distributional Coalition: Games Played between Mayors, Prefects and Legislators S. 286-287

„… .12 Those enterprises that have pioneered and cooperated with municipalities have themselves …” „… municipalities, which will want to wrest more powers from the central level. This process may again lead to a …” „… provincial councils and municipalities defi ne functions for levels of government. But the result was …”

Blurred Position Rules across Levels of Government S. 285-286

„… 2000).7 Jurisdictions (urban-rural areas) among municipalities and provincial councils have never been …” „… and cooperated with municipalities have themselves experienced the risk of investing in a country with …” „… , and (ii) downwards through a decentralization to provinces and municipalities, which will want to …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… ) between Municipalities and Provincial Councils …” „… between Municipalities and Provincial Councils ..................... 2225.4. The Congressional …” „… . The Sub-game and Equilibrium among Municipalities and Provincial Councils …”

The Return to the Previous Regional Equilibrium: 1948-1963 S. 127-135

„… 127municipalities and provincial councils show that in sustained political crisis at the national …” „… . In the transfer system, municipalities and provincial councils in the highlands were isolated from …” „… to compensate for the shortfall in revenue, both municipalities and provincial councils – with the …”

Conclusion S. 266-269

„… obstacle preventing movement to full implementation. Municipalities have achieved a fi rst-mover advantage …” „… government. Both municipalities and provincial councils have benefi ted from higher central transfers through …” „… growing constituency of winners. In 1978 there were roughly 100 municipalities, but only two decades later …”

Indigenous People S. 231-233

„… RevenueExpendituresCentral Government 97.0 91.98 95.0 86.0Provincial Councils 0.1 1.94 0.3 2.9Municipalities 2.9 6.08 4.7 …” „… , authority, and way of life.50 Cases of the Cuenca and Tena municipalities, which were fi nanced through the …” „… about 20 indigenous people were elected mayors in a total of 200 municipalities. This was a milestone …”

The New Role for Guayas Province S. 213-222

„… ” imposed by the Municipal Code that treated all municipalities in the same way.3 The PRE party, under the …” „… benefi ted Guayaquil (but also Quito) to the detriment of smaller provinces or municipalities13 …” „… introductory note to this section.17 In that year, the PSC only held a minority of municipalities and …”

Figures and Tables S. 13-16

„… : Share of Transfers to Municipalities and Provincial Councils in FONAPAR (in percent), 1968-1978 …” „… : Number of Municipalities, 1950-1988 …” „… ................................................. LIIFigure B.6.5: Transfers to Municipalities and Provincial Councils (in million US$), 1999-2002 …”

Conclusion S. 157-161

„… military were not able to simply impose decisions on local elites. Municipalities and provincial councils …” „… co-optation followed by the military created a new landscape of winners. Municipalities and provincial …” „… transfers have exceeded the absorption capacity in smaller provinces and municipalities. This has led to a …”

Stakeholders in Central Government S. 227-231

„… . The same applies to provincial councils and CONCOPE.46 Among them were the municipalities of Machala …” „… 91.98 95.0 86.0Provincial Councils 0.1 1.94 0.3 2.9Municipalities 2.9 6.08 4.7 11.1Total 100.0 100.0 …” „… Cases of the Cuenca and Tena municipalities, which were fi nanced through the MODERSA program, supported …”

Public Choice S. 39-44

„… majority of provincial governments and municipalities in the hands of opposition parties.A process of …” „… during the year when its support in municipalities was at its strongest, it also transferred power in a …” „… level because municipalities were regarded as more democratic and closer to the demands 5 Beyond Latin …”

Summary S. 19-26

„… strengthen their position. First, municipalities have obtained a fi rst-mover advantage vis-à-vis provincial …” „… councils. Since 1988, decentralization has always favored municipalities over provincial councils, a policy …” „… municipalities and provincial councils have benefi ted from higher intergovernmental transfers. This not only has …”

Crisis Theories S. 44-51

„… of government. Often, reforms began at the municipal level because municipalities were regarded as …” „… inequities7. The hope was also that by strengthening municipalities and regional governments, the public …” „… and to create new public entities and organizations. In some cases, municipalities and regional …”

Actors, Institutions, and Incentives for Decentralization: Experiencing Real-Life Games S. 31-33

„… governments. This reform necessitated the revival of more than 300 “forgotten” municipalities, which at that …” „… wind-swept Altiplano highlands and the tropical lowlands of the Amazon basin. I visited municipalities and …”

Conclusion S. 184-187

„… government that the role of municipalities and provincial councils necessarily remained limited. A blurring …” „… reform coalition, however, regarded municipalities, not provincial councils, as the optimal level of …”

The “Why” and the “How” of Decentralization S. 27-30

„… municipalities; among others, the central government assumed the risk of economic volatility in setting a fl oor …” „… . Both municipalities and provincial councils have gained by higher transfers that were not accompanied …”

Actors, Interests, and the Collective Choice Arena S. 209-213

„… role of the Congressional Decentralization Committee; (iv) a sub-game among municipalities and …” „… leaving the “straight-jacket” imposed by the Municipal Code that treated all municipalities in the same …”

The Congressional Decentralization Committee S. 224-227

„… movement28 was still strong and the political role of municipalities stronger than those of provinces.29 …” „… drafting of the Law where heavily biased towards strengthening municipalities, which explains the protests …”

Social and Cultural Theories S. 55-59

„… Ecuador on administrative capacity in municipal governments. With a few exceptions, municipalities in the …” „… was adopted in 1994. After 4 years almost all municipalities were in charge of providing substantial …”

Weak Enforcement of Sanctions S. 300

„… 300municipalities and provincial councils may help, but it would be more important not to regard fi …”

Assessment and Outlook S. 300-302

„… 300municipalities and provincial councils may help, but it would be more important not to regard fi …”

Ideological Deadlock: the Symbol of “Autonomía” S. 290-291

„… municipalities and provincial councils conceal information regarding expenditures and their own revenue. This …”

Withholding of Information S. 291-292

„… on transfers; and why municipalities and provincial councils conceal information regarding …”

Weak Budget Constraints and Fiscal Responsibility S. 299-300

„… 299J_Frank_Layout.indd 29 27.06.2007 18:02:4027.06.2007 18:02:4300municipalities and provincial …”

Collective- Choice Level S. 76-99

„… functions to a ranking of municipalities in terms of their fi scal capacity and poverty levels (Larrea …” „… , municipalities and regional governments will want to know how much revenue is generated at the central level, and …” „… bargains with the Ministry of Finance; or when two municipalities bargain among themselves (Figure 8). In …”

Conclusion S. 206-209

„… , which accepted new distributional rules in FODESEC, granting municipalities an advantage.• A (moderate …”

Highly Asymmetric Fiscal Capacity across Regions S. 283-285

„… 2000).7 Jurisdictions (urban-rural areas) among municipalities and provincial councils have never been …”

Entry and Exit Rules S. 280-283

„… granted to individual municipalities or provincial councils on a regular basis. Responsibilities across …”

Globalization and Localization S. 51-55

„… Borja points out that transnational capital has weakened regional governments and municipalities (Borja …”

Determinism S. 59-63

„… . After 4 years almost all municipalities were in charge of providing substantial public services …”

The Explanatory Framework and its Principal Elements S. 65-72

„… in which actors adopt different roles and strategies simultaneously. Municipalities, for example, act …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845203904

Jens R. Hentschke - Reconstructing the Brazilian Nation

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Jens R. Hentschke

Reconstructing the Brazilian Nation

2007

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Selection of Four Case Study Zones and Municipalities S. 249-255

„… Zones and MunicipalitiesThe proximity of the state of Rio de Janeiro to the federal capital and the fact …” „… municipalities:1. ZONA DA BAIXADA DE GOYTACAZES (Zone of the Lowlands of Goytacazes), including Campos, Macaé …” „… schooling in each of the chosen zones’ central and representative municipalities: considering the …”

Selection of Three Case Study Zones and Municipalities S. 355-363

„… Study Zones and MunicipalitiesAfter Vargas and the “Generation of 1907/8” took power in Brazil, their …” „… state’s subregions and municipalities? Official reports from Porto Alegre and general statistics do not …” „… study municipalities had to take into account the state’s ethnic divisions.TABLE 54: The Racial …”

Actual Changes in States and Municipalities - A Comparative Approach S. 440-454

„… centralist control of municipalities.At the same time, Porto Alegre began to concentrate its efforts on the …” „… States and Municipalities - A Comparative ApproachFew historical studies have ever gone beyond an …” „… education problem was perceived by states, municipalities, schools, and individual teachers, what changes …”

The Ambiguities of Decentralization: Break with the Past? S. 347-355

„… Changes10.1. Selection of Three Case Study Zones and MunicipalitiesAfter Vargas and the “Generation of …” „… autonomy to municipalities. Though few local administrations tested the ground and passed a distinctive lei …” „… dictatorship: “municipalities are perhaps not prepared for this métier [emphasis in the original],”154 that is …”

A Traditional Community, its Benefactor, and the State: Vassouras (Zone of Vassouras) and its Grupo Escolar “Tiago Costa” S. 255-268

„… municipalities.TABLE 38: Progression Through the Municipality of Vassouras’s Regular Fundamental Education in 1941 …” „… and other municipalities in the Paraiba Valley realized that the production of coffee alone did not …” „… other municipalities, the reader soon discovers another anomaly. Even during the most repressive periods …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-15

„… in states and municipalities.I knew that it would not be easy to carry out this project. There were …” „… of my seven case study municipalities: Déa Teixeira da Cruz Leal (Vassouras), Hamilton José Werneck …” „… Case Study Zones and Municipalities 2498.2. A Traditional Community, its Benefactor, and the State …”

Increasing Cognitive Capacity of the State: The Search for Accurate Statistics S. 169-179

„… monographs, and there should be a35small illustrated pamphlet on each ofBrazil’s municipalities.The reader …” „… municipalities had no in-house statistical offices. The existing agencies were under-resourced, and statisticians …” „… and municipalities out of calculation, rather than as a matter of heart or conviction. This is …”

Decentralization and the Peixoto Governorship: Continuity in Change? S. 233-249

„… Janeiro: Local Changes8.1. Selection of four Case Study Zones and MunicipalitiesThe proximity of the state …” „… 1941. In a questionnaire, the state named the municipalities of Itaocara and Pirai as possible …” „… municipalities signed another convention on education. Unlike93 See FGV/CPDOC, GC 39.05.12/g, filme 54/folhas …”

Research Design S. 31-36

„… ; mechanisms to increase the individual states’ and municipalities’ education budget; technical assistance in …” „… jurisdiction of the federal states and municipalities and the former even held interventionist rights in the …” „… , four physiographic zones and their central municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro and three in …”

Historiographical and Methodological Remarks S. 36-52

„… the detailed census of 1950, four physiographic zones and their central municipalities in the state of …” „… municipalities not only reacted differently to the process of modernization; they also differed with respect to …” „… general development of the school system in these municipalities and to look at one public or …”

Options and Choices in the Shaping of a New Education Policy S. 429-440

„… Union, states, and municipalities and implied a process of political centralization which began with the …” „… instigate the elaboration of a national education plan and to ensure that states and municipalities …” „… Novo ratified this course.Seen from the perspective of states and municipalities, Rio de Janeiro’s …”

1930: Break with the Past? S. 217-222

„… government created the post of an auxiliar de inspecçao (auxiliary inspector) in the municipalities and …” „… reform followed in 1935. It established 18 school regions, each consisting of several municipalities and …” „… state-run, 36.2 percent administered by municipalities, 7.3 percent state-subsidized17private schools, and …”

“To Populate, To Unite, To Educate”: Projects for a National Convention on Education and colônias-escolas S. 205-216

„… president did not prepare states and municipalities for sharing responsibility with the Union after …” „… tax income were redistributed in a way that enriched states and municipalities at the cost of the …” „… and municipalities and followed the principle of subsidiarity. According to this scheme, Teixeira …”

Struggling Backwater: Cantagalo (Zone of Cantagalo) and its Curso Normal Rural S. 268-284

„… other municipalities, such as Cantagalo, to capitulate.8.3. Struggling Backwater: Cantagalo (Zone of …” „… municipalities. Due to their ruinous exploitation of land and labor, Cantagalo’s rural elite was even less …” „… which became separate municipalities.104In 1950, agricultural activities still represented the backbone …”

List of Tables S. 16-18

„… Physiographic ZonesRacial Composition of the Population in the Chosen Case Study Municipalities of Rio de …” „… Municipalities of Rio de Janeiro State in 1950Progression Through the Municipality of Vassouras’s Regular …” „… Physiographic Zones (1950)58 Literacy of the Population Aged 5 and Over in the Case Study Municipalities of Bagé …”

“Ruralizing” Education and “Valorizing” the Population: Priorities of the Ernani do Amaral Peixoto Administration S. 222-233

„… its municipalities. This step, planned since 1940, was to increase the government’s infrastructural …” „… power, allowing Niterói to determine how municipalities should use their35 Mensagem apresentada a …” „… orientation and control.41 This step provoked growing unease in the municipalities, “because [on the one hand …”

Frontier Modernization in the gaúcho Zone: Bagé (Campanha) and the Transition from the Colégio Elementar “XV de Novembro” to the Grupo Escolar “Silveira Martins” S. 363-380

„… TABLE 58: Literacy of the Population Aged 5 and Over in the Case Study Municipalities of Bage, Sao …” „… Grande do Sul in 1950 (Compared to 1940)________________________________Municipalities Population Aged 5 …” „… Population Aged 10 and Over in the Case Study Municipalities of Bage, Sao Leopoldo, and Caxias do Sul …”

Assimilation and Accomodation in the Italian Zone: Caxias do Sul (Colonia Alta) and its Colégio Elementar “José Bonifácio” and Escola Complementar “Duque de Caxias” S. 396-421

„… census, Caxias ranked fourth among Rio Grande’s municipalities in the value of industrial output. Wine …” „… insignificant and industry more modern.261 Caxias was now one of the most advanced municipalities in Rio …” „… newly-founded municipalities of Flores da Cunha, Farroupilha, and Sao Marcos.262 As with the German Zone, such …”

What the figures tell us: Progress in Education, 1930-1964 S. 179-205

„… ” and a lack of coordination between Union, states and municipalities.626.2. What the figures tell us …” „… states were already overstretched and municipalities would be unable to contribute vast funds to this …” „… far.”Some progress had been made since 1932. While at that time Union, states, and municipalities spent six …”

1937 Constitution and Reforma Capanema S. 153-161

„… , and municipalities. The new text emphasized the primary responsibility and natural right of the family …” „… a shared responsibility of Union, states, and municipalities in the development and funding of …” „… accomplishments of states and municipalities, with the possibility to interfere in the form of technical …”

Confrontation and Resistance in the German Zone: Sao Leopoldo (Colonia Baixa) and its Grupo Escolar “Visconde de Sao Leopoldo” S. 380-396

„… Gertz, O aviador e o carroceiro, chap. 8.381dustrialized municipalities. In the following ten years, the …” „… percent. In absolute terms, only five municipalities in Rio Grande (Pelotas, Rio Grande City, Livramento …” „… and Manual Work. Few municipalities developed such regulations.180The nationalization of German …”

“European” Cultural Oasis: Nova Friburgo (Zone of the Alto da Serra) and its Colegio Nova Friburgo S. 300-321

„… Cantagalo. Colonos left these areas, and some even the richer municipalities in the southern Paraíba Valley …” „… study municipalities did such harmony exist between municipal, state, and national politics. This …” „… , public schooling in Friburgo did not differ much from other municipalities.369When in 1922 the Colegio …”

Reforma Campos and 1934 Constitution S. 147-153

„… 20 percent of their annual tax revenue in education, Union and municipalities 10 percent …” „… each citizen and the duty of the public powers, including Union, states, and municipalities. The new …” „… of Union, states, and municipalities in the development and funding of education. Finally, the State …”

Final Remarks S. 454-458

„… formulated plans and defined the privileges of the Union, leaving little room for states and municipalities …” „… demise of the dictatorship and were again strengthened after 1964. States and municipalities never …”

1930: Continuity in Change? S. 321-329

„… , there were 2,131 maintained by municipalities and another 1,320 privately owned and not sponsored.5These …” „… of delegacias has remained intact to the present day.Rio Grande’s municipalities had always been …” „… municipalities, explaining that this should not be interpreted as an abandonment of the state and local …”

Impact of the Positivist Project on Rio Grande’s Public Schooling S. 80-86

„… . Moreover, though 252 schools were registered in Rio Grande, some municipalities possessed no public school …” „… .”66 Documents from Bagé, one of Rio Grande’s most traditional municipalities, reveal how seriously …”

Private and Community Schools in the Zones of German and Italian Colonization S. 91-97

„… school continued to play a central role in the colonization process. Municipalities in the German and …” „… six municipalities of the Italian zone were in private hands, the rest were run by state or municipal …”

Rival of the State Capital: Campos de Goytacazes (Zone of the Baixada de Goytacazes) and its Liceu de Humanidades S. 284-300

„… schools, a conservatoire, and, in contrast to most other municipalities, three institutions of higher …” „… this time the majority of students were campistas, some came from other municipalities of the state of …” „… richer municipalities in the southern Paraíba Valley, in search of better healthcare in the big cities or …”

Rio Grande do Sul and Brazil’s Reform Movement of the 1920s S. 97-98

„… six municipalities of the Italian zone were in private hands, the rest were run by state or municipal …”

Renewed Debate and Search for a Compromise in the Postwar Period S. 133-147

„… territories under its direct administration but also in states and municipalities. The latter had to invest no …” „… and municipalities, Lacerda made public schools a mere complement to private223institutions. Following …”

Rio Grande do Sul’s Legacy for the Vargas Era S. 98-104

„… and social tensions.161 Vargas visited all the municipalities to get a clear idea of the problems his …”

“Unity of Command” and “Plurality in Decision-Making”: J. P. Coelho de Souza’s Authoritarian-Nationalist Policies S. 329-347

„… specialized in the formation of rural teachers. Interestingly, neither the municipalities nor the state …” „… , Rome lost interest in maintaining the schools. By 1939, municipalities of the Italian zone, such as …”

Rio Grande do Sul: Brazil’s Deviant Case. Origins S. 75-80

„… provincial parliament. Formally, municipalities enjoyed more autonomy than in other Brazilian states and were …”

Project and Implementation: What Really Did Change in Education? S. 86-91

„… school continued to play a central role in the colonization process. Municipalities in the German and …”

1946 Constitution and 1961 Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educaçâo S. 161-169

„… Constitution also forged co-operation between Union, states, and municipalities. While the central government …”

Vargas’s “National Reconstruction”: Political Context of the Debates S. 105-113

„… consolidating municipalities failed. See T. Lynn Smith, Brazil. People and Institutions, 2nd rev. ed. (Baton …”

Concepts of Citizenship in the Old Republic and the Legacy of castilhismo S. 421-429

„… happen in states and municipalities between 1930 and 1964 and what are the common patterns and the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845204819

Rolf Frankenberger, Elena Chernenkova - Local Politics in a Comparative Perspective

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Rolf Frankenberger (ed.), Elena Chernenkova (ed.)

Local Politics in a Comparative Perspective

Series: Schriftenreihe des Europäischen Zentrums für Föderalismus-Forschung Tübingen (EZFF)

Volume 49 2017

Results in this title

Elena Chernenkova Several Directions of State Support for Socially-Oriented NGOs in the Municipalities of the Republic of Karelia S. 187-200

„… Directions of State Support for Socially-Oriented NGOs in the Municipalities of the Republic of Karelia …” „… administration. Keywords: public administration, socially-oriented NGOs, municipalities of the Republic of …” „… develop the social infrastructure of municipalities through the allocation of subsidies for the …”

Rolf Frankenberger Does the Systematic Environment Matter? Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Comparing Local Politics across World Regions S. 19-34

„… , systems theory, functional equivalents Introduction Municipalities are the places where people …” „… municipalities include services for the public such as to provide water, electricity, local transport, child …” „… question has been exemplarily examined in a study on the municipalities of Petrosawodsk and Tübingen.3 Both …”

Martin Große Hüttmann Understanding Multi-Level Governance. The Example of Migration Policy and Integration Management in Germany S. 35-42

„… . Interdependencies between the Federal Republic, the 16 Federal states and the municipalities underwent extreme …” „… constitute the second level, followed by the Regions and finally the municipalities. In many policy areas …” „… multi-level governance. Its work is coined by its close relations to the federal states and municipalities as …”

Elena Chernenkova, Rolf Frankenberger Introduction S. 11-18

„… constituencies, communities, or municipalities? This might be one way to define it. One could also argue that …” „… municipalities across Europe6, this volume takes a slightly different perspective, that in a way combines several …” „… aspects of the fields of study mentioned above. Municipalities are the venue for citizens to directly …”

Natalya Lavrushina Cultural and Social Exchange as a Vital of Citizen Participation. Petrozavodsk’s View S. 239-248

„… years; all the municipalities have sister towns abroad. A number of republican program and conceptual …” „… . They were full of cultural, educational and public activities organized jointly by the municipalities …” „… example of quite successful networking between the civil society and municipalities’ structures in the …”

Stephan Klingebiel Cultural and Social Exchange as a Vital Part of Citizen Participation. The Tübingen View S. 249-254

„… the Council of European Municipalities and Regions (CCRE; Rat der Gemeinden und Regionen Europas …” „… , Opladen/ Berlin/Toronto, p. 54. 5 The CCRE lists 7178 town twinnings only for German Municipalities. 6 …” „… Development supports municipalities in Germany with their new responsibility of development cooperation.11 The …”

Konstantin Terentyev Methodological Challenges and Sociological Surveys. The Example of Surveys on the Quality of State and Municipal Services S. 59-64

„… survey was conducted in the offices of municipalities where visitors can receive different services, and …” „… simultaneously in all municipalities of the Republic of Karelia, and the design of the study assumed a full-time …” „… municipalities. In our case we could attract students of the senior courses of social and human sciences, who …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… determinants arose. Together with representatives of the two municipalities, Stephan Klingebiel and Natalya …” „… . Special acknowledgements go to the municipalities of Tübingen and Petrozavodsk as well as to Eberhard …” „… Municipalities of the Republic of Karelia 189 Elena Chernenkova State-Society Cooperation in Improving the …”

Rolf Frankenberger, Daniel Buhr Political Life Worlds in Baden-Württemberg S. 77-88

„… municipalities, we analyze political attitudes and everyday life in order to identify political life worlds. We …” „… total of 275 persons in fourteen municipalities15 participated in the interviews.16 Additionally, to …” „… Typologien in der qualitativen Sozialforschung, Opladen. 20 The municipalities were selected according to …”

Gertrud van Ackern, Rolf Frankenberger Political Participation in Local Politics. The Case of Tübingen S. 151-162

„… its 1101 municipalities. As there is no compulsory registration on federal level, there are no …” „… democracy and civic engagement compared with other municipalities in Baden-Württemberg. The culture of …” „… participation was awarded with several prices and as one of the first municipalities, it had an evaluation of …”

Yulija A. Petrovskaya Innovative Technologies and Social Participation as Factors of Social Well-Being S. 131-138

„… NGOs in the Municipalities of the Republic of Karelia”13 the forms and experiences of such support on …” „… State Support of Social Oriented NGO in Municipalities of Republic of Karelia, Government, №5, pp. 38-41 …”

Anastasia Lesik Social Partnership in the Sphere of Legal Awareness of Socially-Oriented NGOs. The Experience of Petrozavodsk S. 231-238

„… budgets of all territorial entities and municipalities, whereupon non-profit organizations can receive …”

Yelena Antoshko State-Society Cooperation in Improving the Quality of Social Services at the Municipal Level S. 201-214

„… ) municipalities of the Republic. This cooperation involved multidimensional projects funded by the Ministry on a …”

Varvara Inozemtseva Expert Communities and the State. Experience from the Republic of Karelia S. 173-186

„… regions and municipalities." The CBM fulfills the orders of the regional Ministry of Finance, federal …”

Nikolay Oskin Some Practices of the Karelian Resource Center of NGOs: Success Brings Experience, Activity and Interaction S. 215-230

„… . This was in the three municipalities on the basis of regional libraries; Centers of social and cultural …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845282213

Christian Wille, Birte Nienaber - Border Experiences in Europe

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Christian Wille (ed.), Birte Nienaber (ed.)

Border Experiences in Europe

Series: Border Studies. Cultures, Spaces, Orders

Volume 1 2020

Results in this title

Isabelle Pigeron-Piroth, Rachid Belkacem The economic impact of cross-border work on the municipalities of residence: an example at the French–Luxembourgish border S. 85-100

„… The economic impact of cross-border work on the municipalities of residence: an example at the …” „… address the issue of the economic impacts of cross-border work on the French municipalities of residence …” „… development for these municipalities? Our aim here is to enrich the common knowledge and understanding of …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-6

„… impact of cross-border work on the municipalities of residence: an example at the French–Luxembourgish …”

Erika Kalocsányiová Researching forced migrants’ trajectories: encounters with multilingualism S. 217-236

„… state-sponsored language training organized by the municipalities, local associations, and the National Institute …”

Xosé-Afonso Álvarez Pérez Border experiences along the Portugal/Spain border: a contribution from language documentation S. 237-261

„… journals or monographs published by the municipalities or local cultural associations, which explains their …”

Christian Wille, Ursula Roos Cross-border everyday lives on the Luxembourg border? An empirical approach: the example of cross-border commuters and residential migrants S. 101-126

„… residential communities of the atypical cross-border commuters living in Germany are the municipalities of …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845295671

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