„… Limits of investigative and sanctioning powers of competition authorities Artur Szmigielski Key …” „… has been decentralised and now rests predom‐ inantly with the national competition authorities …” „… authorities of the member states to be more effective enforcers and to ensure the proper functioning of the …”

„… of investigative and sanctioning powers of competition authorities Chapter 6: 149 Artur Szmigielski …” „… independence of regulatory authorities under EU law Chapter 1: 25 Dawid Sześciło Between economic freedom and …” „… from a praxeological perspective Chapter 3: 69 Tomasz Klemt Regulatory authorities’ interference in …”

„… lim‐ its on the investigative and sanctioning powers of competition authorities such as power to …” „… , political positions and the composition of the national regulatory authorities have not been imposed. Member …” „… States may set up regulatory authorities in the form of private or public, single-person or collective …”

„… must return the EIO to the issuing state.Administrative authoritiesAs mentioned above, besides judges …” „… domestic law3. 201Administrative authorities4. 202Basic conditions of an EIOIV. 203Legal remedies and …” „… placed on the issues of competent authorities and the availability of legal remedies. The role of the …”

„… platforms are addressed from a hands-on perspective, as are the investigative and enforcement powers of the …” „… European Commission and the role of the Member States’ authorities. Covering a number of EU Member States …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV. 79CHAPTER 10EU PENALTIES, INVESTIGATIVE POWERS AND LEGAL PROTECTIONFabian Hübener/Raphael …”

„… . rec. 28 DMA).8II. No independent role for national authoritiesThe DMA does not envisage an …” „… national ‘digital competition law’by national authoritiesThe DMA makes a distinction between the …” „… CHAPTER 11ROLE OF NATIONAL AUTHORITIES AND COURTSMarkus Brösamle/Emilia EtzBibliography: Achleitner …”

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39A. OverviewThe DMA introduces a market investigation as a new investigative tool that must precede …” „… , deadlines, and investigative and enforce­ment powers in relation to market investigations.The European …” „… investigative powers of the DMA, which are intended to ensure the effective implementation of, and compliance …”

„… CHAPTER 10EU PENALTIES, INVESTIGATIVE POWERSAND LEGAL PROTECTIONFabian Hübener/Raphael …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B. Investigative powers (Art. 21 et seqq. DMA …” „… exercise a range of investigative powers that have far-reaching conse­quences for those subject to them …”

„… , 307Injunctive relief 13 113, 122 et seqq., 161Inspections, support from national authorities 11 11 …” „… contracts 13 47Investigations 11 13Investigative powers 10 1 et seqq., 33 et seqq.Jurisdiction 13 172 et …” „… 8 27 et seqq.– investigative measures 8 31– legislative proposal 8 21 et seqq.– Member States 8 29 …”

„… Act183services obstructs the investigation by failing to comply with the investigative measures taken …” „… significantly obstructs the investigation by failing to comply with the investigative measures taken by the …” „… any relevant administrative or other public authorities, including national courts. For example, it is …”

„… compliance, monitoring and reporting duties for gatekeepers. Far-reaching investigative, inspection and …” „… new core platform services in the scope of the DMA.National competition authorities do not directly …” „… authorities and national courts. All decisions made by the European Commission on the basis of the DMA are …”

„… protection once they takethe decision to approach public authorities.The examination of the CRF has debunked …” „… Ultra-Conservative Organisation Transforming Poland, BalkanInvestigative Reporting Network, https://balkaninsight.com …” „… “FamilyRights” Treaty, Balkan Investigative Reporting Network, https://balkaninsight.com/2020/10/06 …”

„… members torun for Parliament.24 None of the respondents mentioned connections found by inves‐tigative …” „… Communities versus the “Gender” 67the spot at one of the public hearings organised by the authorities. The …” „… was adopted calling on the authorities to sup‐port marriage and the family and to “protect children …”

„… public authorities,debt forgiveness, debt to equity swaps or rescheduling, the foregoing of revenuethat …” „… Existence of a foreign subsidyI. 512Three investigative tools addressing distortionsII. 514Regulatory …” „… different subjects: central governments, public author-ities at all other levels and foreign public and …”