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Federal Constitutional Court - Decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court

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Federal Constitutional Court (ed.)

Decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court

2022

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5. BVerfGE 54, 148 - Eppler - statements falsely attributed to one’s person (1980) S. 56-62

„… 185/771. The general right of personality, as constitutionally guaranteed by Article 2(1) in conjunction …” „… for review is the general right of personality, which is constitution-ally guaranteed by Art. 2(1) in …” „… general right of personality supplements these guarantees as a ‘non-listed’ freedom. Affirming “human …”

INTRODUCTORY REMARKS S. 10-22

„… INTRODUCTORY REMARKSWhat is a ‘general right of personality’? Constitutional and human rights …” „… ’ or a ‘private life’ which do not convey what is covered by the general right of personality under the …” „… actually be traced back to much earlier lines of legal argument. Today, the general right of personality …”

18. BVerfGE 99, 185 - Helnwein/Scientology - imputed group membership (1998) S. 223-233

„… Higher Regional Court did not satisfy these requirements arising from the general right of personality.a …” „… November 19981 BvR 1531/961. The general right of personality (Article 2(1) in conjunction with Article 1(1 …” „… image.2. It is incompatible with the general right of personality that a person adversely affected by a …”

22. BVerfGE 114, 339 - Stolpe/Stasi Dispute - injunctive relief against ambiguous defamatory statements (2005) S. 272-283

„… decision affects the scope of protection of the complainant’s general right of personality.a) The general …” „… interpretation.[…]II.The complainant claims a violation of his general right of personality (Art. 2(1) in conjunction with …” „… decision violates his general right of personality by assigning to the defendant’s assertion a new meaning …”

35. BVerfGE 152, 152 - Right to Be Forgotten I* - name searches in online press archives (2019) S. 437-459

„… . BVerfGE 65, 1 <43> – Census), but also more generally to the general right of personality.dd) Therefore …” „… law derives from the general right of personality in its manifestation as a right protecting against …” „… freedom.c) There is no right derived from the general right of personality to request that all information …”

3. BVerfGE 34, 269 - Soraya - damages for false press reports on personal life (1973) S. 36-47

„… scope of the general right of personality (cf. BGHZ 15, 249; 20, 345; 26, 52; 27, 284; 31, 308).4. While …” „… the general right of personality as such was quickly accepted by courtsand legal scholars, the …” „… sufficient to establish that the general right of personality – still rejected by the drafters of the Civil …”

16. BVerfGE 147, 1 - Third Gender Option - civil register entry for intersex persons (2017) S. 207-217

„… 20171 BvR 2019/161. The general right of personality (Article 2(1) in conjunction with Article 1(1) of …” „… are based on these provisions. They violate the complainant’s general right of personality (Art. 2(1 …” „… one’s gender identity. The general right of personali-ty also protects the gender identity of persons …”

28. BVerfGE 138, 377 - False Paternity - former legal father’s right to information (2015) S. 372-379

„… the significance to be attached to the com-plainant’s general right of personality.a) Obliging the …” „… 20151 BvR 472/141. The general right of personality following from Article 2(1) in conjunction with …” „… complainant’s general right of person-ality (Article 2(1) in conjunction with Article 1(1) of the Basic Law) and …”

40. BVerfGE 120, 274 - Remote Searches - covert searches of private computers (2008) S. 556-586

„… 20081 BvR 370/07, 1 BvR 595/071. The general right of personality (Article 2(1) in conjunction with …” „… systems, violates the general right of personality (Art. 2(1) in conjunction with Art. 1(1) of the Basic …” „… integrity of information technology systems.This manifestation of the general right of personality affords …”

14. BVerfGE 97, 391 - Sexual Abuse Allegations - victim’s right to state their own name (1998) S. 188-196

„… March 19981 BvR 131/96The protection of freedom of expression and the general right of personality also …” „… protected by freedom of expressionand by the general right of personality. In any event, the complainant’s …” „… right of personality under Art. 2(1) in conjunction with Art. 1(1) of the Basic Law.A person’s name not …”

20. BVerfGE 120, 180 - Caroline III - celebrities’ right to their image (2008) S. 244-263

„… need to protect the general right of personality can, however, take on greater weight even if affected …” „… Human Rights, restricts the protection of one’s personality.Press activity is covered by freedom of …” „… BvR 1602, 1606, 1626/07On the scope of the fundamental right to the protection of one’s personality …”

13. BVerfGE 153, 182 - Assisted Suicide* - right to a self-determined death (2020) S. 162-187

„… , the general right of personality (Article 2(1) in conjunction with Article 1(1) of the Basic Law …” „… from the general right of personality (Art. 2(1) in conjunction with Art. 1(1) of the Basic Law). They …” „… general right of personality (Art. 2(1) in conjunction with Art. 1(1) of the Basic Law) of the …”

7. BVerfGE 35, 202 - Lebach - prisoner’s right to social reintegration (1973) S. 91-107

„… to this right is the general right of personality; the central constitutional importance of this …” „… of personality, his right to his own name and his right to his own image. In the challenged decisions …” „… Art. 1(1) of the Basic Law. The right to the free development of one’s personality and human dignity …”

Contents/Introduction

„… Decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court Volume 6: General right of personalityNomos …” „… general right of personality and thereby addresses one of the cornerstones of the Basic Law’s fundamental …” „… . Like all fundamental rights in the Basic Law, the general right of personality is not guaranteed …”

23. BVerfGE 119, 1 - Esra - prohibition of a literary work (2007) S. 284-310

„… violated the general right of personality of the plaintiffs in the initial proceedings.1. The novel Esra …” „… plaintiffs’ general right of personality.[…]5. The Federal Court of Justice dismissed the appeal on points of …” „… -6768697071lar, the general right of personality protects individuals from skewed or distorted portrayals …”

30. BVerfGE 89, 69 - Mandatory Medical-Psychological Assessment - conditions for retaining driving licence (1993) S. 389-397

„… Road Traffic Authority amounts to an interference with the general right of personality.While the …” „… general right of personality. This right generally protects individuals against the collectionand …” „… <281 et seq.>).3. It is true that the protection of the general right of personality is not absolute …”

6. BVerfGE 65, 1 - Census - informational self-determination and modern data processing (1983) S. 63-90

„… violating the general right of personality.3. As for the constitutional requirements applicable to such …” „… ) violate the general right of personality. However, the sharing of data for scientific purposes (§ 9(4) of …” „… primarily from the general right of personality protected under Art. 2(1) in conjunction with Art. 1(1) of …”

21. BVerfGE 63, 131 - Right of Reply - right to defend oneself against negative media portrayals (1983) S. 264-271

„… publication of the challenged broadcast is incompatible with the general right of personality guar-anteed by …” „… right of reply itself serves to safeguard the general right of personality, procedural law plays a …” „… significant role in ensuring effective protection of the general right of personality; procedural law, too …”

24. BVerfGE 80, 367 - Diary-Like Notes - admissibility as evidence in criminal proceedings (1989) S. 311-321

„… interference with the general right of personality of the suspect; these measures are therefore only …” „… respect, limitationsto the right of personality derive from the protection of the general public and of …” „… constitutional complaint is unfounded. I.1. Based on the notion of self-determination, the general right of …”

25. BVerfGE 90, 255 - Monitoring of Correspondence - screening of prisoners’ personal mail (1994) S. 322-328

„… fundamental right under Article 5(1) of the Basic Law in conjunction with the general right of personality …” „… the Basic Law) in conjunction with the general right of personality (Art. 2(1) in conjunction with Art …” „… developmentof one’s personality, such statements enjoy protection under the general right of personality. At the …”

26. BVerfGE 109, 279 - Surveillance of Private Homes - inviolable core of private life (2004) S. 329-359

„… measures authorised by the provisions.a) However, the general right of personality following from Art. 2(1 …” „… under the protection afforded by the general right of personality. As a non-listed freedom, the general …” „… personality (cf. BVerfGE 54, 148 <153 and 154> – Eppler); as such, the general right of personality is only …”

19. BVerfGE 119, 309 - TV Broadcasting from the Courtroom (2007) S. 234-243

„… the general right of personality of the persons involved in the proceedings, i.e. of the accused and …” „… oppose the interest in broadcasting] in-clude the general right of personality of persons involved in the …” „… everyone, access for both the media and the public is protected by the general right to freedom of …”

39. BVerfGE 115, 320 - Profiling - electronic databases for profiling and searches (2006) S. 528-555

„… amount to a particularly serious interference with the individual’s general right of personality in each …” „… rise to an absolute prohi-bition of interferences with personality-related fundamental rights for …” „… of personality. There is no need to determine whether the right to informational self-determination …”

33. BVerfGE 56, 37 - Bankruptcy Proceedings - compulsory disclosure (1981) S. 415-422

„… the right of personality within the meaning of Art. 2(1) of the Basic Law. Moreover, involuntary …” „… under the rule of law. It protects the witnesses’ right of personality, ensuring that other parties to …” „… emphasised in the Court’s case-law in respect of the fundamental right to general freedom of action (cf …”

9. BVerfGE 78, 77 - Public Announcement of Legal Incapacitation (1988) S. 116-121

„… requirement to protect the general right of personality enshrined in Art. 1(1) and Art. 2 of the Basic Law …” „… conjunction with Art. 1(1) of the Basic Law. 1. The general right of personality guaranteed by Art. 2(1) in …” „… rooted in the general right of personality, the right to informa-tional self-determination provides …”

31. BVerfGE 103, 21 - DNA Fingerprinting - databases of DNA profiles (2000) S. 398-409

„… Court of 3 June 1999 - 234 AR 50201/99 - violate complainant no. 1’s right under Article 2(1) in …” „… personality of the suspect, or other relevant information provide grounds for assuming that criminal …” „… violation of his right to informational self-determination under Art. 2(1) in conjunction with Art. 1(1) of …”

36. BVerfGE 152, 216 - Right to Be Forgotten II* - claim for dereferencing against search engine operator (2019) S. 460-476

„… complainant claims a violation of her gen-eral right of personality and her right to informational …” „… necessary balancing must take into account not only the right of personality of affected persons (Articles 7 …” „… complainant claims a violation of her right to the development of her personality through the challenged court …”

2. BVerfGE 34, 238 - Secret Tape Recordings - admissibility as evidence in criminal proceedings (1973) S. 28-35

„… secret nature of the recording violates the speaker’s right to the free development of their personality …” „… the right to the free develop-ment of their personality, insofar as they do not infringe the rights of …” „… substantive criminal law, […] and the case-lawof the Federal Court of Justice on the general right of …”

10. BVerfGE 117, 71 - Life Imprisonment - prospect of release (2006) S. 122-137

„… violates neither the guarantee of human dignity (Article 1(1) of the Basic Law) nor the fundamental right …” „… complainants claim a violation of their rights under Art. 1(1), Art. 2(1) and (2) first and second sentence …” „… Justice, the Public Prosecutor General (Generalbundesanwalt) and the Bavarian Ministry of Justice …”

8. BVerfGE 75, 201 - Foster Parents - child custody (1987) S. 108-115

„… personality is shaped by the particular structure of the parental right. It is essentially a right in the …” „… of the significance of a fundamental right in general, and in particular its scope of protection …” „… addition, she claims that her constitutional right to remain in the foster family (Art. 6(3) of the Basic …”

15. BVerfGE 115, 1 - Transsexuals V - change of first name (2005) S. 197-206

„… forging and expressing one’s identity. In this respect, the general right of personality protects name …” „… reflects the desire, protected by the general right of personality, to express one’s gender identity …” „… BvL 3/03In respect of homosexual transsexuals, § 7(1) no. 3 of the Transsexuals Act violates the right …”

38. BVerfGE 115, 166 - Telecommunications Surveillance - covert investigation of a judge (2006) S. 505-527

„… general right of personality – including in its manifestation as a right to informational …” „… protecting telecommunications, which supersedes the general guarantee of the right to informational …” „… privacy of telecommunications under] Art. 10(1) of the Basic Law, but by the right to informational …”

12. BVerfGE 142, 313 - Coercive Medical Treatment (2016) S. 149-161

„… personal autonomy, and as such is protected by the general right of personality un-der Art. 2(1) in …” „… -747576that is protected by the right to the free development of one’s personality; even under these …” „… right to equality (see 2 below).1. It follows from Art. 2(2) first sentence of the Basic Law that the …”

34. BVerfGE 113, 29 - Seizure of Electronic Data - search warrant for entirety of law firm’s hardware and files (2005) S. 423-436

„… Data- 405 -72-74757677787980documents or data found, the general right of personality, which applies …” „… ’ fundamental right under Article 2(1) of the Basic Law to the extent that they concern the securing of evidence …” „… violation of their fundamental rights under Art. 2(1) of the Basic Law in conjunction with Art. 20(3), Art …”

42. BVerfGE 129, 208 - The Telecommunications Surveillance Revision Act (2011) S. 628-647

„… because the recorded data may also contain information pertaining to the core of one’s personality right …” „… <370>). In such cases, the general right to equality is violated if a group of persons addressed or …” „… violate the general guarantee of the right to equality.a) […]aa) The absolute prohibition to collect and …”

32. BVerfGE 27, 344 - Divorce Files - sharing personal data in disciplinary proceedings (1970) S. 410-414

„… individual is based on the right to the free development of one’s personality, as guaranteed by Art. 2(1) of …” „… spouses’ right of personality. Without their consent, for-warding the files is only permissible if it is …” „… proceedings [initiated against one of the spouses] constitutes an interference with the fundamental right …”

4. BVerfGE 49, 286 - Transsexuals I - legal sex (1978) S. 48-55

„… indicates. b) However, the right to the free development of one’s personality is only guaran-teed within the …” „… removed because of a contusion. In 1963, his right testicle was removed as an undescended testicle. After …” „… complainant. The sphere affected by these belongs to the most intimate part of personality, which is in …”

41. BVerfGE 125, 260 - Data Retention - service providers’ obligation to retain telecommunications traffic data (2010) S. 587-627

„… telecommunications were to ultimately remain without sanction, the protection of the right of personality would be …” „… particular severity of the personality right violations that typically result from unauthorisedaccess to or …” „… weighed against general business considerations. - 565 -5. Requests for access to and the direct use of …”

11. BVerfGE 128, 282 - Coercive Treatment in Psychiatric Confinement under Criminal Law (2011) S. 138-148

„… right under Arti-cle 2(2) of the Basic Law; this interference may be justified if it aims to achieve the …” „… that can reasonably be expected. In order to protect the fundamental rights of confined persons …” „… Regional Court of 18 March 2009 - 1 Ws 365/08 (Vollz) - violate the complainant’s fundamental right under …”

17. BVerfGE 87, 334 - Honecker - TV broadcasting of criminal proceedings (1992) S. 218-222

„… Nevertheless, this solution could impair the general right of personality of the accused, specifically their …” „… from the courtroom violates their fundamental right to freedom of broadcasting under Art. 5(1) second …” „… question whether and to what extent the fundamental right to freedom of broadcasting also protects film …”

Appendix - Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany S. 784-893

„… personality insofar as he does not violate the rights of others or offend against the constitutional order or …” „… general laws, in provi-sions for the protection of young persons and in the right to personal …” „… rights – Legally binding force of basic rights](1) Human dignity shall be inviolable. To respect and …”

44. BVerfGE 141, 220 - The Federal Criminal Police Office Act - counter-terrorism surveillance powers (2016) S. 684-733

„… with the fundamental rights enshrined in the Basic Law.b) The design of these surveillance powers must …” „… to the new purpose. 3. The sharing of data with foreign state authorities is subject to the general …” „… field of human rights policy. The complainants in proceedings 1 BvR 1140/09 are former and current …”

45. BVerfGE 154, 152 - Surveillance of Foreign Telecommunications* - Federal Intelligence Service’s powers to intercept communications of foreigners abroad (2020) S. 734-783

„… , Art. 10(1) and Art. 5(1) second sentence of the Basic Law, which, in their dimension as rights against …” „… . Persons asserting a violation of their own fundamental rights are not excluded from the protection …” „… afforded by the fundamental rights of the Basic Law merely because they act on behalf of foreign legal …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748930006

Edina Márton - Violations of Personality Rights through the Internet: Jurisdictional Issues under European Law

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Edina Márton

Violations of Personality Rights through the Internet: Jurisdictional Issues under European Law

Series: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Volume 101 2016

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Chapter IV: Jurisdiction in tort: a general note on Art 7(2) with particular regard to violations of personality rights S. 130-152

„… violations of personality rights The person who claims that his personality rights are (threatened to be …” „… particular regard to violations of personality rights. A. Matters relating to tort, delict, or quasi-delict …” „… of personality rights, since, in these cases, principally no contractual relationship exists between …”

Chapter I: Background: four national perspectives on violations of personality rights S. 37-54

„… on a general right of personality is rooted in the drafting history of the Civil Code of 1900 …” „… personality right within the realm of private law. As a corollary of this decision, the general right of …” „… general right of personality.66 The BGB explicitly acknowledges the right to one’s own name under Art 12 …”

Chapter VII: Jurisdiction in online (potential) violations of personality rights: the eDate and Martinez judgment S. 232-305

„… 232 Chapter VII: Jurisdiction in online (potential) violations of personality rights: the eDate …” „… ) violations of personality rights reached a climax in eDate and Martinez delivered by the ECJ sixteen years …” „… jurisdiction in online (potential) violations of personality rights, specifically defamation and invasion of …”

Chapter VI: Jurisdiction in online violations of personality rights: reviewing 16 years’ proposals S. 201-231

„… 201 Chapter VI: Jurisdiction in online violations of personality rights: reviewing 16 years …” „… are leaving their marks on online violations of personality rights. In particular, these violations …” „… forward for localising online (potential) violations of personality rights basically within Art 7(2) over …”

Chapter V: Jurisdiction in offline violations of personality rights: the Shevill judgment S. 153-200

„… . Chapter V: Jurisdiction in offline violations of personality rights 158 vocates General and the …” „… 153 Chapter V: Jurisdiction in offline violations of personality rights: the Shevill judgment As …” „… Shevill in 1995, which provided a sound basis for ruling on online violations of personality rights in …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-17

„… : a general note on Art 7(2) with particular regard to violations of personality rights 130 A …” „… Violations of Personality Rights through the Internet: Jurisdictional Issues under European Law …” „… Albert Weitzel Edina Márton Violations of Personality Rights through the Internet: Jurisdictional …”

Chapter III: Mapping the legal landscape: the Brussels-Lugano Regime S. 71-129

„… jurisdictional matters, such as jurisdictional issues applicable to violations of personality rights, as matters …” „… on the persons 91 violations of personality rights.313 However, it does not include public law …” „… of privacy and rights relating to personality, including defamation.»351 2. The principle that …”

Bibliography S. 319-348

„… ) Anterion, Karine/Moréteau, Olivier: The Protection of Personality Rights against Invasions by Mass Media in …” „… Protection of Personality Rights against Invasions by Mass Media, Tort and Insurance Law, Vol. 13 …” „… of Personality Rights against Invasions by Mass Media, Vol. 13, Wien/New York, Springer, 2005 (cited …”

Chapter VIII: A proposal to reform the eDate and Martinez judgment S. 306-312

„… online (potential) violations of personality rights, specifically defamation and injury to the right to …” „… bases for disputes concerning violations of personality rights through the Internet in Europe, where …” „… , at the option of the person who considers that his personality rights have been violated, in the …”

Conclusions: International jurisdiction of European courts in the digital age - An insight view S. 313-318

„… disputes concerning (potential) violations of personality rights through the Internet in Europe, where …” „… violation upon the victim. Therefore, online (potential) violations of personality rights are classified as …” „… violations of personality rights (supra Ch. VI; Ch. VII.B-D), she therefore suggests a solution that can be …”

Chapter II: Background: characteristics of the Internet S. 55-70

„… Internet 68 and accurate information about legal questions (e.g. protection of personality rights) in …” „… personality rights.129 ____________________ 124 As it is pointed out in Dow Jones and Company Inc v Gutnick …” „… whose personality right is allegedly infringed does not have any information about these data.164 …”

Table of Official Studies and Reports S. 373-376

„… non- contractual obligations arising out of violations of privacy and rights relating to personality …” „… 373 Table of Official Studies and Reports Almeida Cruz/Desantes Real/Jenard Report see Report by …” „… Mr de Almeida Cruz, Mr Desantes Real and Mr Jenard on the Convention on the accession of the Kingdom …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845270708

Thomas M.J. Möllers, Hao Li - The General Rules of Chinese Civil Law

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Thomas M.J. Möllers (ed.), Hao Li (ed.)

The General Rules of Chinese Civil Law

Series: Augsburger Rechtsstudien

Volume 87 2018

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Hao Li The Codification of Chinese Civil Law: Innovations and Controversies S. 17-50

„… personal law, the independence of the law of personality rights, the general part of the law of …” „… amendments in the new General Part. In the realm of special personality rights, besides the traditional …” „… ' personality interests. Therefore, Sec. 109 is regarded as the provision of “general personality rights …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845291109

Horst-Peter Götting, Claudia Schlüter - Nourriture de l'esprit

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Horst-Peter Götting (ed.), Claudia Schlüter (ed.)

Nourriture de l'esprit

Series: Schriften zum geistigen Eigentum und zum Wettbewerbsrecht

Volume 40 2011

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Horst-Peter Götting Reflections on the commercialisation of Personality Rights in the U.S. and Germany S. 69-79

„… , there was a lively debate as to whether a general right of personality should be acknowledged, but it …” „… was finally rejected.8 The reasons why the integration of a general personality right in the Civil …” „… Instead of a comprehensive, all-embracing general personality right, there was only a patchwork of some …”

Christophe Geiger L’Europe de la propriété intellectuelle: une construction coherente? S. 60-69

„… facettes, approuvera très certainement. Reflections on the commercialisation of Personality Rights in the …” „… U.S. and Germany Horst-Peter Götting Reflections on the commercialisation of Personality Rights in the …” „… of the commercialisation of personality rights in the United States and Germany I will attempt to …”

Guido Westkamp »Property« und »Celebrity Rights«: Zum Schutz von Lizenzen an Persönlichkeitsrechten im englischen Recht S. 309-327

„… Passing off and the Myth of the Personality Right, (2003) EIPR. 563. »Property« und »Celebrity Rights …” „… Welkowitz/Ochoa, Celebrity Rights: Rights of Publicity and Related Rights in the United States and Abroad (Durham …” „… , North Carolina 2010), S. 15 ff.; Götting, Vom Right of Privacy zum Right of Publicity – Die Anerkennung …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… commercialisation of Personality Rights in the U.S. and Germany 69 Sophia Gräfin Grote Europäische …” „… alterungsbeständigem Papier. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of …” „… the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845231761

Nikolaus Knoepffler, Peter Kunzmann, Martin O'Malley - Facetten der Menschenwürde

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Nikolaus Knoepffler (ed.), Peter Kunzmann (ed.), Martin O'Malley (ed.)

Facetten der Menschenwürde

Series: Alber-Reihe Philosophie

Volume 2011

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Edward J. Eberle Human Dignity, Privacy, and Personality in German and American Constitutional Law S. 102-140

„… General Right of PersonalityGerman personality law began with the ground-breaking decision ofElfes in …” „… , thereby constitutionalizing thedoctrine of a general right to personality. Interestingly, this period of …” „… Personality in German and American Lawthere exists a general right of personality based on the notion of »an …”

Donald P. Kommers Autonomy, Dignity and Abortion S. 216-244

„… development of his [or her] personality«, but this right is limited by»the rights of others« (including …” „… every person under the »personality«clause of Article 2 and the moral autonomy it implies, the Court …” „… , as the rights of speech, priv-acy, and association demonstrate, they are multi-faceted concepts …”

Martin O’Malley A Performative Definition of Human Dignity S. 75-101

„… following the Second World Warwith its inclusion in the preamble of the Universal Declaration ofHuman Rights …” „… dignity andof the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human familyis the foundation of …” „… .Knoepffler 48424 / p. 77 / 30.9.11Figure 1. Comparison of »human dignity« and »human rights« 1940–2000 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783495997284

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