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Ulrich Beyerlin, Thilo Marauhn

International Environmental Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2011

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Environmental Protection and International Economic Law S. 424-439

„… of WTO Law The fact that environmental protection was not explicitly addressed in the text of the …” „… the two perceived opposing objectives—international trade and environmental protection—are often …” „… 423 Part VI: Other Areas of International LawInternational Economic Law 28 Environmental …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… International Environmental Law and Other Areas of International Law 389 26 Environmental Protection and Human …” „… Obligations 418 27.5 Conclusions 419 28 Environmental Protection and International Economic Law 423 28.1 Confl …” „… INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW International Environmental Law is a new textbook written for …”

Environmental Protection and Human Rights S. 390-411

„… 391 Part VI: Other Areas of International LawEnvironmental Protection and Human Rights 26 …” „… Environmental Protection and Human Rights Due to the acknowledgement that law will never be enforced unless …” „… Overview of the European Court of Human Rights Case Law (Sevilla 2004). ——, Environmental Protection and …”

Environmental Protection and International Peace and Security S. 412-423

„… ) 10 Yearbook of International Environmental Law 188–193. ——, ‘Towards Better Protection for the …” „… 411 Part VI: Other Areas of International LawInternational Peace and Security 27 Environmental …” „… sustainable development. This illustrates that the interrelationship between international environmental law …”

Sustainable Development S. 74-85

„… components . . .—economic development, social development and environmental protection—as interdependent and …” „… Environment’ of 19712 pointed to the linkage of long-term development goals and environmental protection. In …” „… 11, fi rst emphasised that environmental protection and economic development must be understood as …”

From the Beginnings of International Environmental Law to the Stockholm Conference (1972) S. 2-7

„… Environmental Law 1 From the Beginnings of International Environmental Law to the Stockholm Conference (1972 …” „… ) 1.1 Early Stages and the Interwar Period Instruments of international law that focus on the protection …” „… fact that the UN Charter of 1945 made neither environmental protection nor the conservation of the …”

Johannesburg and Beyond S. 24-31

„… development, social development and environmental protection—as interdependent and mutually reinforcing …” „… existence. In fact, notwithstanding some remaining lacunae in international environmental law-making, such …” „… of forests and related biodiversity, the current weakness of global environmental protection …”

International Environmental Governance S. 242-265

„… Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) which lays down a framework for marine environmental protection …” „… the purpose of addressing the making of and compliance with international environmental law …” „… environmental law largely depends on the proper combination of various levels and techniques of governance. It …”

From Rio to the Johannesburg Conference (2002) S. 14-23

„… , that ‘sustainability’ relates to environmental protection follows from the genesis of the concept of …” „… close linkage between development politics and environmental protection was emphasised for the fi rst …” „… development, the consideration of environmental protection as an integral part of development politics, and …”

Customary International Environmental Law; Environmental Jus Cogens and Obligations Erga Omnes S. 282-289

„… international environmental protection ‘is analogous to the process in general international law’. A closer …” „… O N M E N T A L L A W 19 Customary International Environmental Law; Environmental Jus Cogens …” „… relevance in international environmental law shall be discussed in the following. 19.2 C ustomary …”

From Stockholm to the Rio Conference (1992) S. 8-13

„… the time was ripe for effective international environmental protection as the ability of science to …” „… effective techniques and technologies for environmental protection had been developed. According to the UN …” „… UN system to have environmental protection as its main task. It was thus destined to assume a …”

Perspectives S. 440-447

„… system of international environmental law is still far from perfect and shows severe gaps. They may also …” „… . This indicates that the effectiveness of such important concepts of international environmental law as …” „… divide’. Unfortunately, Mickelson’s view that ‘international environmental law . . . has failed to …”

Freshwater Resources S. 86-115

„… , ‘The Role of International Environmental Law in the Protection of the Danube River Basin’ (2001) 12 …” „… Resources Law: Relative Priority Accorded to Environmental Protection’ (2008) 38 Environmental Policy and …” „… Part III Key Issues in Current International Environmental Law 87 PART III: Key Current …”

Precautionary Action S. 48-57

„… international environmental law is usually addressed in international legal writings in terms of the …” „… , PA is certainly one of the most prominent concepts in current international environmental law.2 …” „… Bodansky even observed that ‘[i]f international environmental law were to develop Ten Commandments, the …”

International Environmental Treaty-Making and Treaty Regime-Building S. 266-281

„… environmental agreements are the same as those employed in other areas of international treaty law. As a rule …” „… environmental treaty4 destined to help consolidate or even integrate the disparate environmental law …” „… treaty on integrated environmental protection. Any centralisation of international environmental …”

Oceans and Marine Resources S. 116-145

„… Stockholm Conference had given to the development of international environmental law,5 a signifi cant …” „… international law see U Beyerlin, ‘New Developments in the Protection of the Marine Environment: Potential …” „… infl uenced the law concerning the protection of the oceans and the conservation of marine resources …”

Private Environmental Governance S. 300-315

„… international environmental law-making, both in the context of treaty-making and with regard to the development …” „… perspective of law, is probably the best example of private environmental governance because it means the …” „… Environmental Law-Making In just a few decades, private entities have become actors in international …”

Procedural Environmental Obligations S. 228-241

„… environmental protection and meeting any requirements under national law shall be deemed to have [such] an …” „… environmental law.2 Accordingly, Principle 19 of the Rio Declaration calls upon states to provide prior and …” „… November 1990;7 the Madrid Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (Madrid Protocol …”

Compliance Assistance S. 344-359

„… effectiveness of international environmental law. Rather, there is a need to assist states in the …” „… ), The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law (Oxford 2007) 947, 948–950. 344 P A R T V …” „… , Contextual, and Absolute Norms’ (1990) 1 Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 69 …”

Flora, Fauna and Biological Diversity S. 178-211

„… Treaties and the Global Protection of Birds (Part I)’ (1999) 11 Journal of Environmental Law 87, 91–92 and …” „… Conservation Regimes to Global Governance’ (2001) 1 International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and …” „… Environmental Law 281, 297–299. 4 See, among others, PH Sand, ‘Sovereignty Bounded: Public Trusteeship for …”

Responsibility and Liability S. 360-377

„… Environmental Harm under International Law’ in K Koufa (ed), Protection of the Environment for the New …” „… accepted rule of customary international law and also applies to international environmental law. State …” „… responsibility was at the origin of modern international environmental law as can be taken from the Trail …”

Compliance Control S. 316-343

„… , ensuring compliance with MEAs is a major concern of international environmental law. Traditionally …” „… , ‘Compliance Theory’ in D Bodansky et al (eds), The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law (Oxford …” „… international environmental law; sanctions, being often expensive and of delayed effectiveness only, are …”

International Environmental ‘Soft Law’ S. 290-299

„… 289 Part IV: ‘SETTING THE RULES OF THE GAME’International Environmental ‘Soft Law’ 20 …” „… International Environmental ‘Soft Law’ 20.1 Theoretical Premises International law is characterised by close …” „… ultimately prove to be part of international environmental law, others are not able to pass the threshold of …”

Common but Differentiated Responsibilities S. 62-73

„… Absolute Norms’ (1990) 1 Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 69, 73 et seq …” „… means for organising North–South co-operation in international environmental law.6 The …” „… environmental law. Principle 7 reads as follows: States shall cooperate in a spirit of global partnership to …”

Index S. 448-453

„… 20, 121, 152 Humanitarian law; see Armed confl ict, environmental protection Indigenous peoples; see …” „… , 368 Environmental protection 146, 228–229, 231 Liability regime for the Antarctic 360, 368–369 Marine …” „… settlement 93, 117, 379–380, 382–383 Arctic 123, 130 Armed confl ict, environmental protection Biological …”

Environmental Dispute Settlement S. 378-389

„… Environmental Policy and Law 73–78. T Stephens, International Courts and Environmental Protection (Cambridge …” „… courts and tribunals specialised in non-environmental issues (eg the International Tribunal for the Law …” „… facts.3 2 See T Stephens, International Courts and Environmental Protection (Cambridge 2009) 9 …”

Air, Ozone, Climate and Outer Space S. 146-177

„… international environmental law, dealt with a severe air pollution dispute between Canada and the United States …” „… endeavours of states to establish an effective system of global environmental protection. This is all the …” „… September 2007) 3. Cf E Louka, International Environmental Law. Fairness, Effectiveness and World Order …”

Wastes and Hazardous Substances S. 212-227

„… Toward Environmental Protection?’ (2004) 16 Georgetown International Environmental Law Review 679. 46 …” „… . International environmental law has so far rarely addressed the national treatment of waste. Apart from the …” „… international environmental law. To some extent this is due to limited scientifi c knowledge about the toxicity …”

‘Key Concepts’: Meaning, Underlying Ideas and Classifi cation S. 32-39

„… Part II Key Concepts in International Environmental Law 33 Part II: Key Concepts‘Key Concepts’ 5 …” „… Environmental Law: Meaning and Role The 1992 Rio Declaration1 features a catalogue of 27 multifaceted concepts …” „… norms, others are located in a ‘twilight’ zone at the bottom of the international environmental law …”

Polluter Pays S. 58-61

„… Accidents,6 both pointing to PP as ‘a general principle of international environmental law’. The 1992 …” „… legislation on environmental protection must apply the “polluter pays” principle, under which natural or …” „… , Principles of International Environmental Law (2nd edn Cambridge 2003) 280. 10 PW Birnie, AE Boyle and C …”

‘No Harm’ S. 40-47

„… references see A Kiss and D Shelton, International Environmental Law (3rd edn New York 2004) 184 …” „… Handbook of International Environmental Law (Oxford 2007) 531, 533. 10 See in particular A Kiss, ‘Abuse of …” „… , International Environmental Law & Policy for the 21st Century (Ardsley 2003) 22. 42 P A R T I I : K E Y C O …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845265582

Dominik Brodowski, Anke Morsch - Das Recht vorandenken?

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Dominik Brodowski (ed.), Anke Morsch (ed.)

Das Recht vorandenken?

2023

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Thomas Elholm Protection of climate and environment by criminal law? S. 85-102

„… . IntroductionThis paper investigates the relationship between criminal law and envir‐onmental protection in Denmark …” „… field –from the first Environmental Protection Act (EPA) in 1973, to present-daycriminal law …” „… ) a few perspectives of the field of criminal law and envir‐onmental protection is brought to light.B …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748919100

Andreas Fischer-Lescano, Hans-Peter Gasser, Thilo Marauhn, Natalino Ronzitti - Frieden in Freiheit - Peace in liberty - Paix en liberté

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Andreas Fischer-Lescano (ed.), Hans-Peter Gasser (ed.), Thilo Marauhn (ed.), Natalino Ronzitti (ed.)

Frieden in Freiheit - Peace in liberty - Paix en liberté

2008

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Rüdiger Wolfrum The Protection of the Environment through International Courts and Tribunals S. 819-830

„… international environmental law covering protection of the environment contains regulations concerning 13 On …” „… in international environmental law, embraces measures for the protection of the ozone layer …” „… I. Introduction The beginnings of international environmental law are marked by a small number of …”

Heike Spieker The Conduct of Hostilities and the Protection of the Environment S. 753-780

„… directly affect the surrounding environment.”; Jensen, E. T., “The International Law of Environmental …” „… ., “The International Law of Environmental Warfare: Active and Passive Damage During Armed Conflict”, in …” „… : Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 38, pp. 145 et seq. (153). 13 In this respect environmental …”

Bibliographie Michael Bothe S. 1265-1290

„… . 409-554 • Trends in Environmental Policy and Law/ Tendances actuelles de la politique et du droit de …” „… l'environnement, IUCN Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 15, Gland 1980, 404 S. (Project Coordinator …” „… ). Eigener Beitrag: Transfrontier Environmental Management, S. 391-401 • International Law and Municipal …”

Peter H. Sand Japans „Forschungswalfang“ und das Washingtoner Artenschutzabkommen (CITES) S. 693-722

„… eingebürgert. Änderungstext in J.G. Lammers et al. (Hrsg.), International Environmental Law: Documents (Den …” „… Evolution of International Environmental Law”, International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 15 (2000 …” „… Environmental Law (London: Earthscan 1996) 148-175 (S. 157); J.D. Lindemann, “The Dilemma of the International …”

Andrew Waite The Definition of Waste: The Riddle of the Sands S. 799-818

„… : “in order to achieve a high level of environmental protection, the Member States must, in addition to …” „… aim of achieving a high level of environmental protection: (a) regulation of disposal and recovery …” „… environmental protection measures are required in using the material were irrelevant in the present case, since …”

Ulrich Beyerlin Gedanken zur ethischen Fundierung internationaler Umweltschutznormen am Beispiel des Konzepts „nachhaltige Entwicklung“ S. 591-606

„… ins Auge gefassten Umbenennung des „Umweltvölkerrechts“ („international environmental law“) in …” „… Umweltvölkerrecht betrifft, so blenden z.B. P. Sands, Principles of International Environmental Law (2. Aufl. 2003 …” „… Aspekte weitgehend aus, während A.C. Kiss/D. Shelton, International Environmental Law (3. Aufl. 2004), S …”

Allan Rosas EU Primary Law as Substantive Law S. 969-984

„… environmental damage at source and that the polluter should pay. In the case-law of the ECJ, such substantive …” „… Partneri, supra note 16, paras 104-105. 41 Concerning public health and environmental protection, see …” „… , e.g., Case C-236/01 Monsanto [2003] ECR I-403, para. 128, and on environmental protection also Case C …”

Andreas Zimmermann Durchsetzung des Völkerrechts zwischen Fragmentierung, Multilateralisierung und Individualisierung S. 1089-1100

„… (2. Aufl., 2006), 4. 7 Gerhard Loibl, Environmental Law and Non-Compliance Procedures: Issues of …” „… International Environmental Law, in: Beyerlin/ Stoll/ Wolfrum (Hrsg.), Ensuring Compliance with Multilateral …” „… Sands, The Role of Non-governmental Organizations in Enforcing International Environmental Law, in …”

Thilo Marauhn The Silent Thread: Explosive Remnants of War S. 205-216

„… long-term environmental effects. Pertinent treaty law and customary international law, unfortunately …” „… humanitarian law, establishing a general protection for civilians against the effects of military operations …” „… , include thresholds which are so high that their potential to limit the environmental effects of warfare is …”

Henri Smets Rights and duties associated with the right to water S. 723-734

„… implementation of the right to water at national level, the European Council of Environmental Law (CEDE) and the …” „… and Protection of Human Rights. It is the subject of a new report by the Office of the High …” „… enforceable at national level.3 Studies of the domestic law of many countries4 have shown that there are a …”

Christian Tomuschat Pacta sunt servanda S. 1059-1078

„… : A Coming Challenge for International Environmental Law”, AJIL 93 (1999), 596, 604, speaks of an …” „… on the Law of Treaties (hereinafter: VCLT), can hardly be said to have elicited many inspiring …” „… . In fact, pss constitutes a determinative feature of the entire edifice of international law. It …”

Elzbieta Mikos-Skuza The International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission: An Awakening Beauty? S. 493-504

„… implementation of international humanitarian law The International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission belongs …” „… , international humanitarian law. The question of compliance with the law of armed conflicts is the key topic at …” „… issue in present day public international law.3 ∗ The title of the present contribution is inspired …”

Daniel Thürer CONVIVENZA – Über ein nicht spektakuläres, aber innovatives kleines Projekt des internationalen Minderheitenschutzes S. 1211-1224

„… safeguarded and promoted. • International environmental law might be alluded to, as it contains an …” „… for the Protection of National Minorities, Strasbourg, 1.2.1995; European Charter of Regional or …” „… , Rule of Law) rücken zusehends in die Interessenfelder der Diplomaten und internationalen Funktionäre …”

Sabine Schlemmer-Schulte Sovereign Debt: The Argentine Bonds Case S. 985-1030

„… Protection of Foreign Debt?, in International Investment Law and Arbitration: Leading Cases from ICSID …” „… country with respect to taxes, environmental protection, custom, capital transfer restrictions, protection …” „… Precedent for Investment Treaty Protection of Foreign Debt?, in International Investment Law and Arbitration …”

Peter-Tobias Stoll Die CBD, genetische Ressourcen und traditionelles Wissen: Konflikt und symbolisches Recht S. 781-798

„… Community & international environmental law, 12 (2003) 1, S. 84-98. 22 Internationaler Vertrag über …” „… Nature (IUCN), Einvironmental Policy and Law Paper, No. 30, Gland, Cambridge, 1994; Henne, Genetische …” „… Hahn, Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Knowledge and Indigenous Resources in International Law, in: von …”

Hanspeter Neuhold The International Community and „Rogue States“ S. 227-248

„… such diverse areas as international security and environmental law. It is on an issue in the former …” „… international law, threaten their neighbours, and callously violate international treaties to which they are a …” „… Ursula Kriebaum (eds.), the law of international relations: liber amicorum hanspeter neuhold (2007), pp …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845209593

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Britta Nümann

Umweltflüchtlinge?

Series: Schriften zum Migrationsrecht

Volume 18 2014

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Literaturverzeichnis S. 541-578

„… . Trindade, Cancado, The contribution of international human rights law to environmental protection, with …” „… / Nicholson, Frances, Refugee Protection in International Law: UN-HCR`s Global Consultations on International …” „… , Wisconsin International Law Journal 27 (2009 - 2010), S. 607 - 636. Barnes, Anne Evans, Realizing protection …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-30

„… content of the protection granted) f. folgende FELR Fordham Environmental Law Review FF Fletcher Forum ff …” „… University Environmental Law Journal NZHC High Court of New Zealand NZIPT Immigration and Protection Tribunal …” „… Refugiados Centroamericanos) CJIELP Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy CJLPP …”

Zweiter Teil: Schutzmechanismen im Internationalen Flüchtlingsrecht S. 218-533

„… motivierter Flucht, S. 6 f; Wouters, Protection from Refoulement, S. 81; McAdam, Environmental Migration …” „… fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country (…).709 Von dem Schutz der GFK …” „… . 714 WVK (Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties), angenommen 23. Mai 1969, in Kraft seit 27. Januar …”

Erster Teil: Das Phänomen der „Umweltflüchtlinge“ S. 39-217

„… organisations dealing with the issue, to the investigation of existing gaps in law and protection mechanisms …” „… assured protection to people displaced because of environmental degradation and natural and man-made …” „… the rights and obligations, for granting protection to victims of environmental displacement.177 Sie …”

Einleitung: Umweltflüchtlinge? S. 31-38

„… public to show them that people are both origin and victim of the actions that lead to environmental …” „… „Environmental refugees“, die er 1985 für das Umweltprogramm der Vereinten Nationen (UNEP)2 verfasste. Diese …” „… erste ausführliche Auseinandersetzung mit dem Phänomen der „environmental refugees“ betrachtet werden …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845255934

Karsten Grillitsch - Regulatorische Enteignungen

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Karsten Grillitsch

Regulatorische Enteignungen

Series: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Recht

Volume 754 2011

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Literaturverzeichnis S. 249-265

„… : International Investment, Expropriation and Environmental Protection. In: Golden Gate University Law Review …” „… Environmental Protection? “Green” Development under CAFTA. In: Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, Band 32 …” „… their Legitimacy Crisis. In: Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, Band 17 (2004), S. 51-96 …”

Das North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation S. 212-216

„… (1996), 621 (654f.); Gal-Or, Multilateral Trade and Supranational Environmental Protection: The Grace …” „… L. 30 (1994), 379 (382f.); Kibel, The Paper Tiger Awakens: North American Environmental Law after …” „… „Recognizing the right of each Party to establish its own levels of domestic environmental protection and …”

Analyse des NAFTA selbst S. 204-212

„… consistent with environmental protection and conservation; PRE-SERVE their flexibility to safeguard the …” „… , Environmental Protection and International Trade: NAFTA as a Means of Eliminating Environmental Contamination as …” „… Agreement On Environmental Cooperation, U. Rich. L. Rev. 32 (1999), 1591 (1592); Charnovitz, Law & Pol’y …”

Enteignungsbegriff des NAFTA S. 164-183

„… J. Transn’l L. 40 (2001), 43 (46); Byrnes, Balancing Investor Rights and Environmental Protection in …” „… Potential Effect on Environmental Regulations and the Mining Law of 1872, Colo. J. Int’l Envtl. L. & Pol’y …” „… North American Free Trade Agreement for U.S. Environmental Law and Policy, Wis. Int’l L.J. 13 (1994 …”

Problemstellung S. 31-35

„… -MMT-PO58. 60 Wagner, International Investment, Expropriation and Environmental Protection, Golden Gate U …” „… ; Ikegawa, NAFTA: How Will it Affect U.S. Environmental Regulations?, Transnat’l Law. 6 (1993), 225 (248 …” „… Emerging International Law of Foreign Investment, L. & Bus. Rev. Am. 10-FALL (2004), 779 (791). 50 ILM 32 …”

Möglichkeiten der Einflussnahme auf Text und Interpretation des NAFTA S. 235-238

„… Commission for Environmental Cooperation in Conciliating Trade and Environment, Mich. St. J. Int’l L. 14 …” „… investors of another Party treatment in accordance with international law, including fair and equitable …” „… treatment and full protection and security”. 1105 Krueger, The Combat Zone: Mondev International, Ltd. v …”

Struktur des Kapitels 11 NAFTA S. 134-135

„… Constitutions and International Law, Marq. L.R. 33 (1950), 205; Graham, The Calvo Clause: Its Current Status as …” „… a Contractual Renunciation of Diplomatic Protection, Tex. Int’l L.F. 6 (1971), 289. In der …” „… non-discriminatory basis; (c) in accordance with due process of law and Article 1105(1); and (d) on payment of …”

Geschichtlicher Hintergrund der Investitionsregelungen des NAFTA S. 131-134

„… Mexiko) Jablonski, NAFTA Chapter 11 Dispute Resolution and Mexico: A Healthy Mix of International Law …” „… Been/Beauvais, The Global Fifth Amendment? NAFTA’s Investment Protections and the Misguided Quest for an …” „… , Corporate Predators Attack Environmental Regulations: It’s Time to Arbitrate Claims Filed under NAFTA’s …”

Begriffe S. 37-38

„… . 25 (2005), 279 (311); Byrnes, Balancing Investor Rights and Environmental Protection in …” „… findet sich lediglich bei Afifalo, Towards a Common Law of International Investment: How NAFTA Chapter 11 …”

Begriffe der Investition und des Investors S. 136-152

„… Agreement on Environmental Cooperation) einzubeziehen. Zuletzt soll gezeigt werden, welche Möglichkeiten …” „… an enterprise constituted or organized under the law of a Party“. 584 Görs, Internationales …” „… Investment Protection, RdC 296 (1997), 251 (319). 598 Vgl. Sacerdoti, RdC 296 (1997), 251 (319). Das erste …”

Jurisprudenz der Vertragsparteien (insbesondere Regulatory Takings) S. 216-233

„… Look: NAFTA Chapter 11 as an Extension of Member States’ Constitutional Protection of Property, Law …” „… International Law?, N.Y.U. Envtl. L.J. 11 (2002), 174; Wagner, Golden Gate U. L. Rev. 29 (1999), 465 (501-517 …” „… Preservation Law nicht als regulatorische Enteignung zu werten war1005. Beachtenswert aber war das Urteil vor …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845234441

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