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May-Britt U. Stumbaum - The European Union and China

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May-Britt U. Stumbaum

The European Union and China

Series: DGAP-Schriften zur Internationalen Politik

Volume 2009

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Member States at the Relations’ Core: The PRC and the “Big Three” S. 82-90

„… the “Big Three”Being free from strategic obstacles, the EUChina relationship has blossomed over the …” „… policies visàvis the EU policies, in particular on the “Big Three” and their “primus inter pares …” „… , 2006:69), primarily with Germany, the United Kingdom and France.48 Among the “Big Three” Germany has …”

Analyzing Decision-Making in European Foreign Policy on China S. 18-26

„… China as a whole.Why Have the “Big Three” Been Chosen?Given the central role of the Member States and …” „… focus in this analysis has been put on the “Big Three,” that is: Germany, France and the United Kingdom …” „… . Other Member States are mentioned in selected examples. Selecting the “Big Three” makes sense for …”

“High Politics” Decision-Making Towards China: Security, Human Rights and International Organizations S. 116-127

„… debate about the (un)welcomed CFSP leadership39 of the Big Three highlighted the differences in terms of …” „… JeanClaude Juncker publicly stated that he preferred if the “Big Three” come to a com2008_China_EU.indb …” „… regards to China, any group within the EU Member States, consisting most notably of those Big Three, has …”

Multilevel Decision-Making and Bargaining: Analyzing the Factors That Influenced the EU’s Decision-Making Process in the 2004/5 Arms Embargo Debate S. 183-199

„… decisionmaking process, especially within the Big Three. Media coverage of the issue was restricted to an …” „… sufficient to have the strong support of two of the “Big Three” Member States, France and Germany, Chinese …” „… with France, Germany and the United Kingdom “if the big three had agreed to scrap the ban” (FT, 2005r …”

Findings of the Case Studies’ Analysis S. 207-217

„… studies on the Big Three, that is, Germany, France and the United Kingdom, disregarded both the role …” „… decisionmaking procedures and structures, would have gone along with the Big Three if they had found a common …” „… correct.Independent Variable Three (IV3): The Influence of Business Lobbies on the Decision-Making Process“Assuming …”

Decision-Making in the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy Towards China: Lifting or Keeping the EU Arms Embargo on China? S. 166-173

„… arms embargo.The Big Three’s Point of DepartureThe division within the Council was mirrored by the …” „… of “unanimity.”The conclusion will bring together the findings of the three parts and give a …” „… in the past three years before the lifting in 2008_China_EU.indb 166 23.10.2008 10:02:13 …”

Decision-Making in the Textiles & Clothes Sector S. 132-140

„… ) or the Association of European Consumers (AEC). On the national level, with regard to the “Big Three …” „… to a final conclusion, as the Member States were unable to adopt a common position in time.Part Three …” „… and Germany’s early elections.The conclusion will bring together the findings of the three parts and …”

Introduction S. 63

„… the “Big Three” have prevailed as the most influential Member States in the development of EFP as …” „… War, three factors influenced SinoEuropean relations: (1) the enormous geographical distance (the …”

Introduction S. 165-166

„… special focus on the differing starting points of the Big Three, a short reference will be made to those …” „… case study, the chapter follows a threepronged approach. Part One will provide the necessary …” „… and subsequently to a nondecision in June 2005.Part Three systematically applies the outlined model …”

Conclusion S. 59-62

„… by the Big Three, pursue visàvis China.2008_China_EU.indb 59 23.10.2008 10:00:27 Uhr2008 …”

Conclusion S. 90-94

„… separate dialogues. After the handover of Hong Kong, the Big Three’s policies have become more similar, in …” „… underestimated and partly, as during the “three world theory” phase, been misinterpreted.Apart from trade, the …”

Conclusion S. 159-164

„… the “Big Three”, Germany was occupied with domestic issues. Four weeks after Schröder had expressed …” „… Constitutional Court. The strategy also left only three months for a hectic election campaign. All in all …” „… a).These exceptional circumstances in all three major EU Member States—the referendum, the presidency and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-6

„… “Big Three” . . . . . 823.5 Conclusion …”

Conclusion S. 199-204

„… Kingdom “if the big three had agreed to scrap the ban” (FT, 2005r). The question of whether voting under …”

The Tyranny of Distance and Primacy of Trade in a Not So Secondary Relationship S. 63-67

„… the “Big Three” have prevailed as the most influential Member States in the development of EFP as …” „… War, three factors influenced SinoEuropean relations: (1) the enormous geographical distance (the …” „… supranational authority. This proposal served as the basis for the first of the three European Communities, the …”

International Relations Theory, Foreign Policy Analysis and Multilevel Games: Approaching European Union Foreign Policy S. 30-40

„… Single European Act (SEA) arose due to converging preference of the “Big Three” (France, Germany, and …” „… , 2003: 513). It does not posses the three aspects of ultimate coercive power through which Max Weber …” „… , 2003:3; Smith, H. 2002: 8–9) and is located in an interacting system of action, based on three …”

EU Policy-Making Towards the People’s Republic of China – The Puzzle of Decision-Making and Non-Decision-Making S. 46-59

„… understand the main interests the EU and in particular the Member States, represented by the Big Three …” „… EU Member States.As mentioned in the first part of this chapter, Brian White identifies three types …” „… outlined before, these three types of EFP are developed as “subsystems” of an EFP system. They …”

Decision-Making in EU-China Relations S. 103-116

„… respective policy, the instruments available, the approach of the Member States inter alia the “Big Three …” „… largest donor of development aid (EC and Member State combined), pursues three different types of …” „… , Uniting Europe?106Three aspects have dominated the decisionmaking process in external trade policy …”

Multilevel Decision-Making and Bargaining: Analyzing the Factors Influencing the EU’s Decision-Making Process in the 2005 Textile Dispute S. 146-159

„… the “Big Three”, Germany was occupied with domestic issues. Four weeks after Schröder had expressed …” „… . GermanFashion’s CEO Thomas Rasch expressed the concern that the sector’s losses would mount up to a threedigit …” „… lessening in local production of 30 to 50 per cent and 12 per cent respectively in the first three months …”

Evolution: Recurring Patterns in the Development of European Foreign Policy and Sino-European Relations S. 67-82

„… the “Big Three”Being free from strategic obstacles, the EUChina relationship has blossomed over the …” „… the first of the three European Communities, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), and opened …” „… become an externally oriented organization because of its setup: Three of the “Founding Six”12 were …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845213637

Ebru Turhan - The European Council Decisions Related to Turkey's Accession to the EU

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Ebru Turhan

The European Council Decisions Related to Turkey's Accession to the EU

Series: Studies on the European Union

Volume 7 2012

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Member States’ Impacts on the Formation of European Council Decisions S. 110-116

„… integration problems of the Turkish citizens living in these Member States, and consequently the Big Three’s …” „… States’ Impacts on the Formation of European Council Decisions Did the Big Three - France, Germany and …” „… the Big Three as well as its tense relation to neighboring Greece, in particular following Greece’s …”

Interests vs. Norms: the European Council Decisions Related to Turkey’s Accession to the EU S. 348-362

„… revealed the reluctance of both the Big Three as well as Greece to support a quick Turkish membership in …” „… the time of the Helsinki Summit, the Big Three and Greece were for the first time altogether in favor …” „… the Iraq War. Whereas this argument was predominantly resonant in the statements of the Big Three, the …”

„… measures to combat terrorism, Turkey’s potential role in the region attracted big attention from European …” „… composed of three main elements. First, the ESS refers to future security challenges as the products of a …” „… the Basic Principles of the EU Strategy.783 Second, the paper sets three strategic objectives to …”

Longitudinal Comparative Analysis Supported by Within-Case Studies S. 70-76

„… are selected as Member States to be examined. As the traditional “Big Three” of the Union, Germany, UK …” „… Member States’ national interests and preferences.169 Next to the impact of the Big Three on …” „… under three main categories: “the achievement of significant progress”, “the achievement of limited …”

„… American military intervention proved to be a decisive factor in ending the big crisis in former Yugoslavia …” „… aftermath of the Dayton Peace Agreement, which put an official end to the three and a half year long war in …” „… Kosovo Verification Mission for the realization of shuttle diplomacy360 had three vital implications for …”

Frame Analysis of Government Statements on Turkey S. 116-130

„… the reservations of the Big Three about a quick Turkish membership in the Community. As Heinz Kramer …” „… , while on the other hand rarely coming out against the Greek veto.312 The Big Three were thus hesitant …” „… in the Community during the three years (1987-1989) point to the low level of interest in the Turkish …”

Member States’ Impacts on the Formation of European Council Decisions S. 195-210

„… Council Decisions Did the big three Euro-countries - France, Germany and the UK - as well as Turkey’s …” „… . However, despite the consensus among the Big Three - Germany, France and the UK - on the approval of …” „… of Turkey’s membership in the EU. By the time of the Helsinki Summit, the Big Three and Greece were …”

Current Explanations S. 32-37

„… three alternative concepts of EU defined as ideal types by Helene Sjursen. By making use of rationalist …” „… and ethical norms, Sjursen develops three different concepts of EU polity, which are: (1) a …” „… examine the empirical compatibility of these three ideal concepts of EU qua polity with the study of EU …”

Implications for Future Research and Policy S. 365-368

„… content analysis founded on the examination of governmental framings. It was shown that the Big Three and …”

Turkey’s Adherence to Community’s Moral Norms S. 104-110

„… accompanied by three successive military coups in 1960, 1971 and 1980. Indeed, even though the Ankara …” „… people271 by progressively establishing a CU between the Parties in three stages (preparatory stage …” „… to Turkey 3.2.1. Member States’ Impacts on the Formation of European Council Decisions Did the Big …”

Member States’ Impacts on the Formation of European Council Decisions S. 321-328

„… on Ankara’s formal recognition of the Greek Cyprus, following consultations with the Big Three, it …” „… big pressure on the French government, which was highly dependent on the votes of French-Armenian …”

Neoliberalism & Liberal Intergovernmentalism: EU Enlargement as a Response to Welfare-Related and Other Issue-Specific Interests in an Interdependent World S. 48-57

„… three core assumptions of the classical realist research program - i.e. the state-centric assumption …” „… , the rationality assumption and the power assumption - and adapt them to three new assumptions of a …” „… pressures from various societal actors. Moravcsik’s intergovernmental bargaining theory rests on three …”

Economic Interests S. 89-99

„… 1980s. The Ankara Agreement of 1963 initiated a three-stage process (preparatory stage, transitional …” „… the Mediterranean dimension, which culminated in the accession of three Mediterranean countries …” „… three stages: the assurance of total and irreversible convertibility of currencies; the complete …”

Frame Analysis of Government Statements on Turkey S. 328-347

„… government insisted on Ankara’s formal recognition of the Greek Cyprus, following consultations with the Big …” „… Three, it had to content itself with the Turkish government’s willingness to sign the Adaptation …” „… conflicts 24 Economic Interests Successful, big and dynamic Turkish economy 6 3 Progress in the …”

Frame Analysis of Government Statements on Turkey S. 210-237

„… intervene in the crisis that occurred in its own backyard led to the mobilization of the three big Member …” „… capabilities played a key role in the initiation of the ESDP by the Union under the leadership of the Big Three …” „… concerned, the frame analysis points to the existence of big differences among Member States. Whereas the …”

„… the Cold War. Three key factors accounted for the continuance of a frosty dialogue between Turkey and …” „… security, Turkish authorities were undergoing a big soul search about the fundamentals of a new and …” „… dimension, which culminated in the accession of three Mediterranean countries - Greece, Portugal and Spain …”

EU Enlargement as a Response to Collective Norms S. 59-64

„… three versions of critical constructivism and illuminates the construction of meaning and identity by …” „… , law-like generalizations and, consequently, a “big-T” truth.139 As Price and Reus-Smit state …”

Turkey’s Adherence to Union’s Moral Norms: an Assessment in Light of the Copenhagen Political Criteria S. 178-195

„… . Member States’ Impacts on the Formation of European Council Decisions Did the big three Euro-countries …” „… 1999) of these five sub-chapters based on three categories that express the different levels of …” „… July 1997 and December 1999 saw three further coalition governments formed, which were characterized by …”

Bibliography S. 369-404

„… Brummer (ed.), The Big 3 and ESDP: France, Germany and United Kingdom, (Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung …” „… , (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter) Piedrafita, Sonia and Torreblanca, Jose I. (2005), “The Three Logics of EU …” „… ), “France and ESDP”, in Klaus Brummer (ed.), The Big 3 and ESDP: France, Germany and United Kingdom …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845241661

Ulrich von Alemann, Martin Morlok, Tim Spier - Parteien ohne Mitglieder?

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Ulrich von Alemann (ed.), Martin Morlok (ed.), Tim Spier (ed.)

Parteien ohne Mitglieder?

Series: Schriften zum Parteienrecht und zur Parteienforschung

Volume 46 2013

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Luciano Bardi Party Membership in Italy S. 221-229

„… statutes and bylaws. We cover three phases of party organization in Italy. First a bit of background …” „… big transformation of parties in Italy as a consequence of some important events – which I will …” „… presentation. So, three phases, and I would say also three sets of different approaches: the first one we can …”

Karina Kosiara-Pedersen Party Membership in Denmark S. 205-221

„… in section three. The membership figures are analysed in section four, while the analyses of the …” „… comprised a random sample from the parties’ membership files (1,000 members from each of the three largest …” „… Liberals 30,000.10 Figure 1: Membership figures of the three largest Danish parties (1935-2010) Source …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845250038

Yuanshi Bu - Das chinesische Zivilgesetzbuch

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Yuanshi Bu (ed.)

Das chinesische Zivilgesetzbuch

Series: Recht in Ostasien

Volume 20 2022

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WU Yiyue Algorithmische Prognose und ihre Anwendung in der Justiz – An den Beispielen der COMPAS-Software und im Bereich der Entschädigung für Personenschäden S. 197-216

„… Entwicklung von Internet, Big Data und künstlicher Intelligenz und ihrer Interaktion hinterlässt jede …” „… alles kalkuliert werden kann.3 Die Begegnung von künstlicher Intelligenz, Big Data und Recht bringt …” „… , Rechtsinformationen durch künstliche Intelligenz und Big Data eingehend zu analysieren und auf dieser Grundlage …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748931706

Ralf Thomas Baus, Raoul Blindenbacher, Ulrich Karpen, Ralf Thomas Baus, Raoul Blindenbacher, Ulrich Karpen - Competition versus Cooperation | Wettbewerb versus Kooperation

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Ralf Thomas Baus (ed.), Raoul Blindenbacher (ed.), Ulrich Karpen (ed.), Ralf Thomas Baus (ed.), Raoul Blindenbacher (ed.), Ulrich Karpen (ed.)

Competition versus Cooperation | Wettbewerb versus Kooperation

2007

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Ulrich Karpen Metropolitan Regions in German Federalism S. 245-262

„… is a three-state undertaking: the state of Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein and Lower Saxony; • there is …” „… official planning concept, as adopted by the three-state governments7– Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Lower …” „… , having little meaning in terms of economic action. Metropolitan regions are dominated by cities, big …”

John Kincaid City Autonomy in the American Federal System S. 233-244

„… across the states, big cities ordinarily have substantial powers of initiative and immunity. Three …” „… in Missouri in 1875, has significantly weakened Dillon’s Rule in most states, while big City Autonomy …” „… the property tax. Some states allow all cities or only big cities to levy some type of income tax on …”

Christina Murray Local Government in the South African Constitution S. 211-225

„… Constitution came into effect in February, 1997. Chapter Three of the Constitution establishes three spheres …” „… responsibility.” In reality, South Africa has four, not three, levels of government. This is because in all but …” „… government in Chapter Three of the Constitution attempts to entrench co-operative rather than competitive …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845204796

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