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Dafni Diliagka - The Legality of Public Pension Reforms in Times of Financial Crisis

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Dafni Diliagka

The Legality of Public Pension Reforms in Times of Financial Crisis

Series: Studien aus dem Max-Planck-Institut für Sozialrecht und Sozialpolitik

Volume 69 2018

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Chapter Five: The Principle of Proportionality as a Balancing Concept in Case-Studies of Pension Reforms S. 185-278

„… The Principle of Proportionality as a Balancing Concept in Case-Studies of Pension Reforms The aim …” „… chosen casestudies involve the use of the principle of proportionality as a balancing factor, in order to …” „… : The Principle of Proportionality as a Balancing Concept 186 treatment they legally deserve.683 A …”

Introduction S. 15-25

„… principle of proportionality. In a balancing process using the principle of propor‐ tionality, the …” „… principle of legitimate expectations (or protection of confidence); c. the right to equality and …” „… principle of proportionality sets these rules and criteria and may be used as a legal tool and guidance for …”

Bibliography S. 287-300

„… , Friso / Schoukens, Paul (eds.), Security: A General Principle of Social Secu‐ rity Law in Europe …” „… Appreciation Doctrine and the Principle of Proportionality in the Jurisprudence of the ECHR, Antwerp 2002 …” „… , Friso / Schoukens, Paul (eds.), Security: A General Principle of Social Security Law in Europe …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-14

„… of the EMUIII. 178 Concluding RemarksD. 182 The Principle of Proportionality as a Balancing Concept …” „… Benefits to be Allocated in the Future 2. 112 The Principle of Legitimate Expectations (Protection of …” „… Confidence) II. 117 Equality and Non-DiscriminationIII. 121 The Right to Equality1. 121 The Principle of …”

Chapter Three: The Protection of Pensioners’ Existing and Future Legal Positions S. 106-150

„… fundamental principle and rule functioning as a balancing concept of justice,480 especially in cases of …” „… property that demands non-interference by the legislature within the private sphere. Next, the principle of …” „… Constitution, and holds no supremacy over it. This principle of subsidiarity is inter alia re‐ flected in …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845291574

Dominik Kneer - Investitionsschutz und Menschenrechte

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Dominik Kneer

Investitionsschutz und Menschenrechte

Series: Studien zum Internationalen Investitionsrecht

Volume 9 2013

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Literaturverzeichnis S. 325-344

„… 013all.pdf.Brownlie, Ian: Principles of Public International Law, 7. Aufl., Oxford, 2008.Ders.: The …” „… Schutzes, Köln u.a.,1959.Dolzer, Rudolf / Schreuer, Christoph: Principles of International Investment Law …” „… Organization of the Islamic Conference, GYIL, 52 (2009), S. 75 ff.Herdegen, Matthias: Principles of …”

Auswirkung auf einzelne investitionsrechtliche Schutzstandards S. 259-294

„… Menschenrechtsinhaber auch oben bei A.II.2.842 M. Herdegen, Principles of International Economic Law, 2013, S. 407 …” „… . 171 ff.; R. Dolzer/C. Schreuer, Principles of International Investment Law, 2012, S. 98 ff.; M …” „… (1986), S. 41 ff.845 R. Dolzer/C. Schreuer, Principles of International Investment Law, 2012, S. 101;U …”

Einzelne Initiativen zur Unternehmensverantwortlichkeit S. 112-123

„… Menschenrechtsverpflichteter119Ein Jahr nach den Leitsätzen der OECD wurde 1977 die Tripartite Declaration of Principles …” „… Menschenrechtsschutz beziehenden Prinzipien:„Principle 1: Businesses should support and respect the protection of …” „… Prinzipien lauten: „Principle 3: Businesses should uphold the freedom of association and the effective …”

Konfliktkonstellationen S. 165-206

„… would directly affect their territory, was in breach of its obligations, under the principles of …” „… Nachweisebei P. Nikken, Balancing of Human Rights and Investment Law in the Inter-American System of Human …” „… Investitionsrecht, 2008,S. 133 f.; R. Dolzer/C. Schreuer, Principles of International Investment Law,2012, S. 240 f …”

Einleitung S. 15-22

„… Investitionsschutzrecht M. Herdegen, Fn. 3 , § 20bis § 23; R. Dolzer/ C. Schreuer, Principles of International Investment …” „… Practice of Investment Treaties, 2009; M. Krajewski, Fn. 3, § 3, Rn. 528 ff.;A. Reinisch, Internationales …” „… europäischer Auslandsinvestitionspolitik, EuZW, 17(2010), S. 647 ff.; C. Herrmann, The Treaty of Lisbon Expands …”

Auswirkung auf die Ausübung diplomatischen Schutzes S. 47-76

„… Entscheidung von 1924 „an elementary principle of international law“.107 Zudem wird durch den Gerichtshof …” „… to the national of a State premised onthe principle that an injury to a national is an injury to the …” „… ), S. 1045, 1059; P. Nikken, Balancing of Human Rights and Investment Law in the Inter-American System …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845246673

Nicolas Wolbrandt - Israels sicherheitspolitische Konfrontation mit dem Iran in Syrien

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Nicolas Wolbrandt

Israels sicherheitspolitische Konfrontation mit dem Iran in Syrien

2024

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Kapitel 5: Israels Vorgehen gegen die Syrien-Politik des Iran S. 111-166

„… assumptions of national security,and the principles of military thinking and action. It guides us on how …” „… , in: Journal of Global Security Studies, Bd. 3, Nr. 2, April 2018, S. 115.B. Internal balancing127in …” „… formulierten Priorisierung des Aufbaus offensiver Machtmittel: „TheIDF’s order of priorities in principle will …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748927006

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Peter Mankowski (ed.)

Commercial Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2018

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Eckart J. Brödermann Article 7.2.2 (Performance of non-monetary obligation) S. 647-651

„… obligations a parallel principle to Art. 7.2.1. It combines the civil law principle of a general right to …” „… specific performance (an expression of the pacta sunt servanda principle in Art. 1.3)2 by granting, in …” „… Principles’ compromise package between the legal systems of the world which is why it should be accepted from …”

Raimond Emde Article 4 S. 1272-1273

„… principle of EU law, it prescribes a minimum standard of lawful conduct. The practical need results from the …” „… and application3 is basically decisionist and ill-suited for the derivation of decision principles …” „… with the principles of good faith already follows from the general principle of Section 242 BGB,5 is …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 7.2.3 (Repair and replacement of defective performance) S. 652

„… UNIDROIT Principles “for the sake of clarity”,1 as the counter-part of Art. 7.1.4,2 Art. 7.2.3 is a mere …” „… Vogenauer/Schelhaas Art. 7.2.1 no. 5 (in fine) and Introduction to Section 7.1 of the UNIDROIT Principles no. 7; on …” „… the replacement good for a higher price than the contract price; (b) termination of the contract (Art …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 9.1.13 (Defences and rights of set-off) S. 734-737

„… the UNIDROIT Principles, → Chapter 9, Introduction no. 2). Article 9.1.13 (Defences and rights of …” „… notice,10 the solution chosen in the UNIDROIT Principles is clear cut and avoids difficulties of proof …” „… (including References to the UNIDROIT Principles Which Assume the Applicability of the UNIDROIT Principles to …”

Eckart J. Brödermann Article 7.1.6 (Exemption clauses) S. 637-640

„… agreement on a grace period. While the UNIDROIT Principles’ coherent system of remedies may not favour a …” „… Section 7.1 of the UNIDROIT Principles no. 12. Section 1 Non-performance in General Art. 7.1.6 UNIDROIT …” „… (Art. 7.4.1).1 The UNIDROIT Principles recognise such clauses under the freedom of contract principle …”

Christoph Brunner, Michael Schifferli Article 37 CISG S. 199

„… principle of good faith.3 Examples of unreasonable inconvenience include situations where a repair or …” „… date, deliver any missing part or make up any deficiency in the quantity of the goods delivered, or …” „… deliver goods in replacement of any non-conforming goods delivered or remedy any lack of conformity in the …”

Tim W. Dornis Article 80 CISG S. 377-380

„… Convention’s principle of strict liability. Unlike Article 79, the provision ex- 76 Burghard Piltz …” „… general principle of good faith, specifically the principle of venire contra factum proprium.2 Article 80 …” „… with respect to each party’s respective degree of contribution (see → para. 6 below).16 In principle …”

Martin Schauer, Magdalena Gruber Article 7 Unfair contractual terms and practices S. 1342-1349

„… principles of transparency and proportionality.17 Article 7 Unfair contractual terms and practices 1. Member …” „… commercial conditions. The same principle applies for the citation of good commercial practice in the context …” „… super-category for principles like fairness, purity of motives and the prohibition on abuse of law.7 Article 3 (3 …”

Tim W. Dornis Article 71 CISG S. 319-326

„… certain as possible.7 Further, a policy of balancing the parties’ interests is reflected in the novel …” „… rule. Yet, the general principle of severability of performances (→ Art. 51, 58(1), 73, 81(2), and 86(1 …” „… accordingly. Such an interpretation is also supported by the principle of reasonableness.39 Temporal aspects …”

Tim W. Dornis Article 72 CISG S. 327-331

„… resort.2 In this regard, the provision (notably in paragraph 2) provides for a balancing of the parties …” „… date. Any breach of contract after this point will be covered by the general principles (notably → Art …” „… of the contract. In practice, the debtor’s non-performance will often qualify as a ground for …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845276564

Christian Calliess - Herausforderungen an Staat und Verfassung

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Christian Calliess (ed.)

Herausforderungen an Staat und Verfassung

Series: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Volume 100 2015

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Iris Canor National Constitutional Identity and Ordre public: An Intradisciplinary Analysis of European Constitutional Law and European Private International Law S. 475-498

„… international law is embodying a principle of „tolerance of the difference”. The guiding presumption of private …” „… European Union is based.21 It further ruled that: „The principle of mutualrecognition […] is itself founded …” „… fundamental principles of the lexD.I.24 See de Lange, Erasmus Law Review 2007, vol. 1, p. 3.25 CJEU, case C …”

Jörg Polakiewicz Mobile, Counterpoint or Pyramid – The Interaction Between National and European Courts in Human Rights Protection S. 1050-1088

„… principle of equality before the law (article 3(1) Grundgesetz). Atthe same time, the large degree of …” „… statements of principle. They areapt to lead to much difficulty in application; because they give rise to …” „… and principles, and only to lookto the convention for guidance in case of doubt.“15Today, such …”

Richard Kreindler Justifications, Excuses and Defenses in the Case of Corruption and Bribery S. 213-225

„… also bea possibly higher hurdle to obtain application of equitable principles than incommercial …” „… arbitri,verification will be made under the respective treaty requirements and principles of international law. And …” „… level of a violation of the [U.S.-Estonia]BIT or of the international law principles enshrined therein …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845254319

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