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Michael O'Hanlon - Military History for the Modern Strategist

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Michael O'Hanlon

Military History for the Modern Strategist

2023

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2. World War I S. 53-114

„… . Chemical gas also made its tragic arrival on the modern battlefield in World War I as well. It was used …” „… solution in World War I. Perhaps the most impressive figure of the day, who believed in reforming his own …” „… , for example, some 1.3 million Indians would serve in the British army in World War I, with some 74,000 …”

3. World War II S. 115-190

„… than it had been in World War I, however. Ironically, even though World War II was the war that did …” „… 115THREE World War IIIn so many ways, World War I and World War II were strongly interconnected …” „… . Many se nior po-liti cal and military leaders in World War II had fought in World War I, and had their …”

Notes S. 327-376

„… , Military Advantage, and World War I: A Case for Military Entrepreneurship,” in ibid., pp. 134–162.244. See …” „… : RAND, 2005).2. World War I1. Christopher Clark, The Sleepwalkers: How Eu rope Went to War in 1914 (New …” „… - inevitable - as - many - believe - world - war - i - to - have - been ? barrier=accesspaylog.12. Kennedy …”

Index S. 377-402

„… World War II. See North Africa in World War IIAideed, Mohammed Farah, 244Aircraft: Af ghan i stan War …” „… ; Iraq War and, 266, 268; Operation Desert Storm and, 256–57, 260384 Index Great Britain in World War I …” „… Italy in World War I: defeat of, 100; entry into war, 93–94; precursors to war, 59; strategy of, 69 …”

Preface

„… shaky or undependable, or non ex is tent, conflict seems more likely. World War I and World War II both …” „… vii1 The American Civil War 12 World War I 533 World War II 1154 Korea and Vietnam 1915 America’s …” „… each world war, then Korea and Viet-nam, and concludes with Iraq and Af ghan i stan.1The narrative …”

6. Three Lessons S. 315-326

„… United States might not have been able to intercede effectively the way it did in the world wars or the …” „… Cold War or the post– Cold War world.In World War I, the Schlieffen Plan, however unwise in conception …” „… War I.It is impor tant to remember General David Petraeus’s haunting ques-tion from the early days of the …”

4. Korea and Vietnam S. 191-238

„… those of World War I and World War II, the United States generally performed far below its earlier …” „… , through an Indian intermediary, that it would intervene in the war if U.S. and ROK forces crossed the 38th …” „… . Entrenchments and fortifications orea and ietnam 213resembled the western front of World War I. Some tough …”

5. America’s Wars in the Middle East since 1990 S. 239-314

„… moved to the Brookings Institution in Washington, DC, where I warned that war in Iraq would likely be …” „… Israel itself. Another Arab- Israeli war was brewing, and this time it looked like the Jew-ish state was …” „… , the Israel Defense Amer i ca’s Wars in the Middle East since 1990 245Forces (IDF) would field about …”

1. The American Civil War S. 1-52

„… Vietnam, Iraq, and Af ghan i stan (each), al-most $5 trillion for World War II— its human toll in terms …” „… until World War I, typi-cally numbered in the low thousands.52 As James McPherson put it, “In 1861 many …” „… Operation Desert Storm than to the world wars or Korea, Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan—in the range of $100 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9780815739845

Kathleen Berrin - Exhibiting the Foreign on U.S. Soil

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Kathleen Berrin

Exhibiting the Foreign on U.S. Soil

2021

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Part I BEFORE WORLD WAR II S. 1-106

„… Part IBEFORE WORLD WAR II3U.S. art museums and the federal government did not have much in com-mon …” „… America’s taste and its limited contributions to world art. At the end of World War I, American literary …” „… nation in world’s fairs, especially prior to World War II. America had its share of prestigious …”

Part III AFTER WORLD WAR II S. 205-324

„… during World War II should be revived, it stated that funds for its operation should be allocated by the …” „… supervising the information/propaganda link with Latin America during World War II.36The Family of Man was …” „… advancement that were overtly in its national interest. But if it wanted to influence the intellectual elite …”

Part II DURING WORLD WAR II S. 107-204

„… argued that during World War II, America discovered it could remake the world in its own image. He …” „… Part IIDURING WORLD WAR II109America’s entrance into World War II interrupted any progress on the …” „… American Expeditionary Forces in World War I. Despite his age, he was eager to participate in World War II …”

Preface

„… .Preface viiAcknowledgments xixPART I: BEFORE WORLD WAR II 1 America’s Lagging Reputation in the Arts and …” „… III: AFTER WORLD WAR II 7 Shifting Relations: Federal Government and Art Museums in the Early Cold …” „… fac-tual accuracy than in creative interpretation. During World War II, art muse-ums were much more willing …”

Bibliography S. 329-348

„… , and Ashgate, 2015.Dower, John. Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II. New York: W.W …” „… the World Wars,” diss., Tufts University, 2001.Edwards, I. E. S. Treasures of Tutankhamun. New York …” „… Hegemony: U.S. Relations with Argentina and Chile During World War II. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre …”

Index S. 349-366

„… , 125–30; during World War II, 99–100, 109–10, 116–18. See Museum of Modern ArtMuseum of Modern Art in San …” „… exhibitions and, 237–38, 251; MoMA and, 229; NGA and, 82, 99–100; pre World War II, 7–15; propaganda from, 208 …” „… indigenous heritage, 146industrial arts, 10industrialization, 6inequality, social, 132Information and …”

Appendix I: NGA War-Themed Exhibitions 1941–1945 S. 325-326

„… Action of the Naval Services, World War II (November 23–December 14, 1947) 1945 Soldier Art (July 4 …” „… –November 12, 1944)Appendix I: NGA War-Themed Exhibitions 1941–1945326 Appendix I1945 The War Against Japan …” „… 3251941 Great Fire of London 1940 (July 18–August 10, 1941) 1942 American Artists’ Record of War …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538134092

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Nina Mjagkij

Loyalty in Time of Trial

2011

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Chapter 1: The Land of Jim Crow: African Americans on the Eve of World War I S. 1-22

„… rural South, were notoriously underfunded and ill-equipped. Prior to World War I, African Americans …” „… the years leading up to America's involvement in World War I. Wilson's decision to remain silent in …” „… declined in the decade prior to World War I , white mob rule continued to terrorize African Americans in …”

Bibliographic Essay S. 201-210

„… (Summer 1943): 298-302; Emmett J . Scott, "The Participation of Negroes in World War I: An Introduc …” „… ," Massachusetts Histurical Review 9 (2007): 134-65. The best book on black soldiers in World War I is Arthur E …” „… L. Harris, Harlem's Hell Fighters: The African-American 369th Infantry in World War I (Washington …”

Preface

„… segregating black troops. Wilson's performance in the years leading up to World War I, they insisted, was a …” „… African Americans were hopeful that black loyalty had indeed paid off. However, when World War I ended in …” „… War I Nina Mjagkij Loyalty in Time of Trial The African American Experience during World War I Nina …”

Epilogue: Returning to Racism S. 141-148

„… South in the years following World War I. The ongoing migration resulted in a significant growth of the …” „… I. In 1941, when the nation mobilized for World War 11, they were not about to close ranks and …” „… for democracy overseas as well as at home. The militant rhetoric of African Americans in World War I1 …”

Appendix: Documents S. 149-196

„… Appendix Documents Living and Working Conditions in the South Prior to World War I , the majority …” „… h e n World K'ar I started and demands for workers in the industrial centers of the North increased …” „… , "i\ilil~t~i~n,il Letter> id Negro hllgr;int\ of 1916-1918," Journal of Negro Hl\tory 4, 110. 4 (Ocrohrs 1919), 461 …”

Notes S. 197-200

„… Experiences of a Black Veteran in World War I: An Interview with Eugene B. Bailey, New Castle, Indiana …” „… , 1970), 360. 3. Ihid., 368. 4. Quoted in "The Colored Soldier in the US Army: World War I," memoran- dum …” „… : Homewood Press, 1919), 59. 12. Quoted in Emmett J. Scott, "The Participation of Negroes in World War I: An …”

Chapter 2: From Field to Factory: The Wartime Migration of African Americans S. 23-50

„… . Though the League was only in its infancy at the start of World War I , the wartime migration …” „… World War I in Europe brought about dramatic changes for African Americans. Stimulated by the war, many …” „… immigrant white work- force. But when World War I created new economic realities-the prospect of making a …”

Index S. 211-224

„… , 65, 92, 105, 172; Ninth Cavalry, xix, 51, 62, 73; prior to World War I, xvii, x\.iii, xix, 60, 62 …” „… , 40-47, 157-161; pre-World War I, 8, 11, 24-25, 41; South affected by, 27-29, 37-38; white response to …” „… following World War I, xxi, 147; organizes Silent Parade, xi, xx, 64-66; position on hlack officers …”

Chapter 3: Fighting to Fight: The Struggle for Black Officers and Combat Soldiers S. 51-72

„… When the United States entered World War I in April of 1917, African Americans were divided in their …” „… States entered World War I, Young, the highest- ranking black officer in the Army, was the obvious choice …” „… to lieutenant colonel. When the United States entered World War I, Young was in charge of Fort Hua …”

Chapter 4: Raising a Jim Crow Army: The Mobilization and Training of African American Troops S. 73-98

„… Troops O n the eve of World War I, few African American men had any military background. In the spring …” „… troops. ,4r- thur, like his brother Joel, had played an active role in the NAACP prior to World War I. He …” „… World War I were civilians: 4,000 of them volunteers and 367,710 draftees. The vast majority of black …”

Chapter 6: Closing Ranks?: African Americans on the Home Front S. 121-140

„… sixty-three in 1918. However, it is impossible to assess why African Americans supported the war. They may …” „… administration appeared to acknowledge the importance of Afri- can Americans in sustaining the nation's war …” „… administration had done little to in- corporate African Americans into the civilian war effort. Throughout 1917 …”

Chapter 5: Over There: African American Soldiers in France S. 99-120

„… of Young's promotion prior to World War I seem to indicate that the general's decision to transfer …” „… family for several decades after the war. Ironically, American military officials in France inadvertently …” „… the Tenth Cavalry into battle during the Spanish-American War. In 1916, the Tenth Cavalry once again …”

doi.org/10.5771/9780742570450

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Britta H. Crandall

Hemispheric Giants

2011

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Part I. 1893 TO WORLD WAR II S. 15-72

„… Brazil was not a strategic priority for Washington; it did not have a natural importance in World War I …” „… Part I1893 TO WORLD WAR II10_586_Crandall.indb 15 11/15/10 8:02 AM10_586_Crandall.indb 16 …” „… critical ally. Bra-zil did not share to a similar extent the United States’ goals in World War I. It was …”

Part II. THE COLD WAR S. 73-146

„… Allies in World War II 10_586_Crandall.indb 76 11/15/10 8:02 AM The 1950s: Bilateral Distancing 77 …” „… change. Rather than providing aid to protect from external enemies as it had during World War II, its …” „… Italy during World War II and was, according to Ambassador Tuthill, on “intimate terms with the …”

Index S. 201-210

„… Inter-American AffairsIMF. See International Monetary FundInconfidência, 17independent internationalism, 40India …” „… , 186Iraq War, 180–81, 183“Islands of Insanity” strategy, 98Israel, 2, 126Italy, 39, 53Itamaraty, 8, 36 …” „… sector of, 37; Truman in, 63; uranium and, 137; weapons sales by, 136; World War I and, 39, 43; World War …”

Selected Bibliography S. 195-200

„… , Emily. “World War I and ‘Continental Solidarity.’” The Americas 31 (January 1975).Rostow, Walter. The …” „… , Leslie, and Ian Roxborough. “Latin American between the Second World War and the Cold War: Some …” „… Arizona Press, 1986.Gilpin, Robert. War and Change in World Politics. London: Cambridge University Press …”

Part III. POST–COLD WAR S. 147-194

„… conflict that could have sparked a civil war in Bolivia.Third, Brazil increasingly inserted itself on the …” „… believed it could achieve greatness through import-substitution industrialization (ISI) in the 1960s and …” „… after World War II, the fleet was reactivated—explained U.S. officials—in order to provide humanitarian …”

Chapter 01. Introduction: The Importance of Dual Priorities S. 1-14

„… after World War I and continued to grow at least until the turn of the twenty-first century had enormous …” „… held a defining role in influencing the international arena since its birth as a world power after the …” „… Allied cause in World War II, Washington has not considered Brazil a reliable partner. This held …”

Preface

„… Acknowledgments vii 1 Introduction: The Importance of Dual Priorities 1Part I: 1893 to World War II 2 The 1893 …” „… Naval Revolt and the Rio Branco Years: Origins of the “Unique Alliance” 17 3 World War I: Widening …” „… Power Disparity 35 4 World War II: Engagement during the Roosevelt-Vargas Years 47 5 The Postwar Era …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781442207899

Ludger Kühnhardt - Identität und Weltfähigkeit

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Ludger Kühnhardt

Identität und Weltfähigkeit

Series: Schriften des Zentrum für Europäische Integrationsforschung (ZEI)

Volume 80 2020

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World War I: Lessons learned and lessons threatened S. 281-294

„… to the outbreak of World War I are well known to anybody interested in history. But it requires more …” „… European power and initiated the revolution that turned Czarist Russia into the Soviet Union. World War I …” „… Portugal and Spain into Latin America, Great Britain and France into II. World War I: Lessons learned and …”

Neighbors and other realities. The Atlantic Civilization and its enemies S. 653-670

„… stability. One hundred years after World War I, Europe is no longer exporting stability around the globe …” „… the world is going through World War III appears in front of our eyes. Since 1990, (1) more than …” „… us closer to the legacy of World War I with its 17 million dead than to anything the world has …”

Nachweis der Beiträge S. 733-742

„… de Temas Internacionales, Ano 16, Numero 57/58, Buenos Aires 2012, Seite 55-66. 3. World War I …” „… : www.theglobalist.com/the-achilles-heel-of-thewest-2/; Not Cold War II, but toward World War III?, in: The Globalist, Washington D.C., 15. November …” „… 2014, online unter: www.theglobalist.com/not-cold-war-ii-but-toward-world-war-iii/ #disqus_thread; The …”

Coming down from the mountain. The meaning of history for the transatlantic future S. 597-606

„… (i.e., all-embracing) than any period of its predecessors since World War II: ecumenical, universal …” „… Congress of Vienna in 1815 and the outbreak of World War II in 1914. Quite an irony, indeed. In contrast …” „… — but with mounting difficulties in communicating its ideals to the world. In other words, the United …”

Maturing beyond Cotonou. Reinventing EU relations with the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States S. 419-474

„… rule before World War I) can be found across the ACP Group of States, especially among some of its …” „… the Cold War and its Third World proxy wars. Progress in development was considered a function of good …” „… include further regions or countries of the world (i.e. Latin America, North Africa). 5. The branding of a …”

Region building in times of geopolitical upheaval S. 719-728

„… , and including, of course, the cycles related to the post War and post-Cold War periods. The world is …” „… out, for instance, whether the Arab world has entered its own Thirty Years War as a way of breaking …” „… that regional integration constitutes an irreversible component in the emerging multipolar world order …”

How to ride the revolutionary Arab lion (with Stephen Calleya) S. 619-632

„… transformation. Israel is more worried about political freedom in the Arab world than it was for years about …” „… insecurity in post cold war relations. When it comes to identifying a way forward to enhancing regional …” „… - World War II order that has become a second chance for Europe after its self-destruction during the …”

The geopolitical environment in the 21st century. Challenges for the European Union S. 579-596

„… of the Centennial commemorations of World War I on November 6, 2018 and repeated by German Chancellor …” „… peace-loving, was to be the future for the entire world. In the meantime, it is evident that unresolved matters …” „… Third World War. This new kind of global war is often fought within nation-states, primarily among …”

Turkey, Europe and the irritating power of formative ideas S. 265-272

„… Formative years, formative ideas Immediately after the World War II, the world was in ashes. The destruction …” „… of the European empires after World War I – notably the Zsarist Russian Empire, the German empire …” „… and to influence its future course. In order to do so, any further step in European inte- II. II …”

The resilience of Arab monarchy S. 607-618

„… systems. Usually, republican authoritarian personal rule built on a political ideology (i.e. independence …” „… democracy is as pertinent in most of Sub-Saharan Africa as it is in the Arab World. In both regions the …” „… change in the Arab world did indeed begin to take different routes. One set of parties found inspiration …”

Ron Asmus: A significant life of two continents S. 11-16

„… across three decades. It was in Berlin in 1986 when Ron and I met for the first time. The Cold War was …” „… of the world. Problems are there to be resolved, he always thought as if this was his motto. In the …” „… disguised catholic, I dare say as his Roman Catholic friend. But it is worth understanding why he was …”

Negotiating change: The strategic future of EU-ACP relations S. 493-502

„… . If looking at situations of civil war in residual states one is inclined to ask: Would a modernized …” „… with development success. The idea of further institutionalization poses in itself a dilemma if the …” „… . Nothing is more normal in a pluralistic world. All the more a parliamentarization of the SDG debate would …”

The European Archipelago. Rebranding the strategic significance of EU Overseas Countries and Territories S. 503-578

„… between the United Kingdom and the United States of America with its roots in World War I and, more so, in …” „… Ascension Island with a long and relevant military history during World War I and World War II surely has …” „… players increasingly overlap and influence each other – a phenomenon not only known in the Indo-Pacific …”

“Yes, we can…do what?”. Four things Obama and Merkel cannot ignore S. 671-678

„… plentiful. The Iraq-Iran war of the 1980s, the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990 (and Kuwait’s 1991 …” „… to Germany post-World War II or the post-Ottoman provinces of Mesopotamia. It’s not an attractive …” „… foreign matters — the war in Syria, the refugee crisis, urban terror- I. 671 ism, Russian neoimperialism …”

Afghanistan 2013: A year of preparation S. 633-652

„… the way they see it. After World War II, the transformation of Europe has been driven by the …” „… things first: The impressive ISAF (International Security Assistance Force) operation in Afghanistan is …” „… Afghanistan. It is also overly busy in administering itself. From international summits to field reports, from …”

The European Union and the Western Balkans. Perspectives for an unfinished agenda S. 223-240

„… Third World War, Cham: Springer International, 2017, pp. 95-132. III. The Western Balkans as provider of …” „… European Parliament in May 2019. Too many rifts, too many incomplete debates, too much distraction (i.e …” „… it enough to trigger the critical increase in private investment? What was of the essence in 1999 is …”

Europe in transition: Lessons to be learned S. 273-280

„… War in 1991, the search for a new world order began. For almost two decades, this search has been …” „… , Ireland, Greece and Italy turned into a crisis of the euro, if not of the European Union. Not only were …” „… framed as the “post- Cold War era”, and in Europe it has been filled with an astounding series of …”

Before and after: 1989 began before 1989 and has not yet come to an end S. 341-350

„… core political ideas which defined the renaissance of Western Europe after World War II have lost most …” „… societal innovation come from, I had been asking myself since the Wall had come down in Berlin and with it …” „… political landscape of the inter-war period and not only the politically correct jargon of today‘s West, in …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… power of formative ideas 267 Europe in transition: Lessons to be learned 273 World War I: Lessons …” „… steht weiterhin – im Kern der multiplen europäischen Krisenphänomene. Gleichzeitig war – und ist – die …” „… . Und dennoch: die Intensität der Politisierung in der Europäischen Union ist einzigartig im Vergleich …”

Die europäische Union und das Weltflüchtlingsproblem S. 369-396

„… Gedacht I. 211 Zugang zu den Dokumenten und ihrer Interpretation finden sich in: Haut Commisaire des …” „… /? uri=CELEX %3A32001L 0051. I. Vorahnungen inmitten eines neuen Biedermeier 371 ihren spezifisch vormodernen …” „… . Von Europa aus war vieles in die Welt gekommen, im vorigen Jahrhundert viel Unheil. Seit Beginn des …”

Europäische Union: Raumbegriff und Grenzbewusstsein S. 475-492

„… vorgeformt ist. I. 337 William Wallace, Where does Europe end? Dilemmas of inclusion and exclusion, in: Jan …” „… Raumverständnis leitete und auch in der seit 1993 bestehenden EU im Kern weiter prägt, war und ist die Überwindung …” „… Order beyond the Third World War, Cham: Springer International, 2017. 366 Christian Koenig/Bernhard von …”

Weltfähig werden. Die Europäische Union nach dem Biedermeier S. 319-340

„… the Third World War, Cham: Springer International, 2017. Weltfähig werden. Die Europäische Union nach …” „… schon immer wichtiger war als abstrakte Gesellschaftsideen. Aber auch im Westen ist die Verbindlichkeit …” „… : Rechtsstaatliche parlamentarische Demokratie im Innern, eine „immer engere Union“ (so steht es schon in der …”

Was braucht es, um die Bürger künftig wieder für die EU zu begeistern? S. 213-222

„… et al. (eds.), European Commemoration: Locating World War I, Stuttgart: ifa, 2016, S. 218–235. Was …” „… aufgerufen werden, bleibt die EU sperrig, denn als Gemeinwesen ist die EU noch immer, was sie seit ihren …” „… Anfängen stets war: Ein „polity in the making“.130 Wofür also soll Begeisterung aufkommen? Für policies der …”

Globalität: Begriff und Wirkung S. 99-116

„… Universalisierung. Erst war die allgemeinverbindliche Idee, dann trat die Frage nach ihrer Durchsetzung auf. In …” „… infolge technischer Innovationen und des Zugangs von immer mehr Menschen zu den Instrumenten, die …” „… im Lebensalltag und bei allen Deutungskontroversen in der Interpretation des individuellen und …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748904090

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