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Nele Noesselt

Chinese Politics

Series: Studienkurs Politikwissenschaft

Volume 2021

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4. Politics, Law, Political Economy: The (Late) Chinese Empire – The Republic of China – The People’s Republic of China S. 99-130

„… Politics, Law, Political Economy: The (Late) Chinese Empire – The Republic of China – The People’s …” „… Republic of China – a people’s democratic dictatorship. The system of people’s democracy – the system of …” „… new democracy – of the People’s Republic of China guarantees that our country can in a peaceful way …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-16

„… People’s Republic of China 4. 99 Constitutionalisation Processes: Philosophical Underpinnings, Historical …” „… PLA People’s Liberation Army PRC People’s Republic of China PRICS Polar Research Institute of China …” „… Summary3.6. 91 Politics, Law, Political Economy: The (Late) Chinese Empire – The Republic of China – The …”

3. Political Institutions and Operational Foundations of the Chinese Party-State S. 51-98

„… ; on 1 October 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the founding of the People’s Republic of China. The …” „… to the People’s Republic of China, the internationally recognised representation of “China” had been …” „… the meaning of “one China.” To Peking, “one China” means the “People’s Republic of China (PRC),” with …”

7. China in the Global System of the 21st Century S. 229-274

„… Communiqué of the Government of Japan and the Government of the People's Republic of China (29 September 1972 …” „… government of the Republic of China. Despite the fact that the Communist government in Beijing was not …” „… diplomatic recognition of the CCP-ruled PRC and formal non-support of the “democratic” Republic of China (in …”

Index S. 283-288

„… Bank of China 73, 121, 177, 187 People’s Liberation Army 63, 135 petroyuan 124, 233 Polar Research …” „… , 133, 138, 148, 151, 172, 249, 257 Republic of China 17, 32, 35, 61, 76, 77, 79, 99–106, 108, 126, 136 …” „… nuestro América 188 All-China Federation of Trade Unions 119 American Dream 41, 44, 47 Anti-Secession Law …”

6. Global Dimensions: China’s “New” Role in World Politics S. 165-228

„… People’s Bank of China lies in 55 https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/permanent-workers/eb-5 …” „… (and the Republic of China) in 1995, before finally subscribing to Beijing’s One China Principle in …” „… by Burkina Faso in 2018. The only African state not giving up the Republic of China (Taiwan) is …”

5. Actors and Interactions: Pluralisation and Fragmentation of State–Society Relations S. 131-164

„… “the armed forces of the People’s Republic of China are led by the Communist Party of China” (see also …” „… constitution states: “Citizens of the People’s Republic of China have the freedom of speech, of the press, of …” „… the person of citizens of the People’s Republic of China is inviolable. No citizen may be arrested …”

2. Philosophical and Ideational Foundations of Chinese Politics S. 29-50

„… China’s post-Tian’anmen leadership generations, the formula of “putting people first” (yi ren wei ben …” „… 1920s (formation of the Chinese Communist Party) or in 1949 (proclamation of the People’s Republic of …” „… yuan. This separation into five constitutive institutions inspired the Republic of China and is still …”

1. Introduction S. 17-28

„… Introduction The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has risen to global power status. Its new role as …” „… saying that during these phases of internal institutional restructuring China’s visible political actions …” „… undertake a retrospect evaluation of governance solutions documented in China’s historical records. When …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845289007

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Department of Market Regulation, State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People's Republic of China (SAIC), China Society of Administration for Industry & Commerce (CSAIC) - E-Commerce in China and Germany

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Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH (ed.), Department of Market Regulation, State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People's Republic of China (SAIC) (ed.), China Society of Administration for Industry & Commerce (CSAIC) (ed.)

E-Commerce in China and Germany

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2012

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Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-15

„… , State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (SAIC)China Society of …” „… between the People’s Republic of China and the Federal Republic of Germany on Technical Cooperation (2008 …” „… of Market Regulation, State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People’s Republic of …”

List of Authors S. 254-260

„… Administration for Industry and Commerce,the People’s Republic of ChinaChina Society of Administration for …” „… Government of the People’s Republic of China concerning TechnicalCooperation in 2008, both sides jointly …” „… Market Supervision, SAIC, and Mr. Liu Hongliang, Secretary General of ChinaSociety of Administration of …”

III. Consumer Protection in the E-Commerce Market S. 108-229

„… ProtectionChinaAccording to the Law of the People's Republic of China on Protecting Consumers’Rights and Interests …” „… addition, the definitionof consumers’ interests and rights in the Law of the People’s Republic of China …” „… 's Republic of China on ProtectingConsumers’ Rights and Interests that ‘Consumers are entitled to receive …”

II. Facts and Structures – The E-Commerce System S. 21-107

„… ChinaSince the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese Communist Party and the …” „… Constitution.’Pursuant to the provisions of the Legislation Law of the People’s Republic of China,‘the legal effect of …” „… followed by the Telecommunications Regulations of the People’s Republic of China promulgated by the State …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845259109

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Thomas Wiegand

China's Naval Build-Up

Series: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Politik

Volume 139 2007

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The history of the navy of the People's Republic of China S. 37-39

„… 37II. The Chinese navy1. The history of the navy of the People's Republic of ChinaPart One dealt …” „… buildup of the naval forces of the People's Republic of China needs to be seen in itsproper context as an …” „… weaknesses.The literature gives different dates for the founding of the navy of the People'sRepublic of China …”

The People's Republic of China and the international environment S. 78-79

„… absolute necessity of armed forces for the security of the People's Republic of China.Beijing's insistence …” „… 78IV. China and the world1. The People's Republic of China and the international environmentFor …” „… medium term.The treatment of current relations between the People's Republic of China onthe one hand and …”

The People's Republic of China and its territorial claims S. 69-71

„… nations.One of the major beneficiaries is without doubt the People's Republic of China.China has a coastline …” „… did.6.2 The People's Republic of China and its territorial claimsOn account of the new exclusive …” „… of the methods that thePeople's Republic of China used to determine the boundary of its coastal …”

The break with the USSR and cooperation with the USA S. 84-95

„… armsto Taiwan even after the establishment of diplomatic relations with the People'sRepublic of China.A …” „… made it clear that hewas interested in improving relations with the People's Republic of China.In an …” „… , the Soviet Union, like the People's Republic of China,needed a peaceful international …”

Bilateral relations and points of conflicts S. 95-112

„… political activity.339To achieve this goal, the Soviet Union, like the People's Republic of China,needed a …” „… partition of China.In 1993 the government of the People's Republic of China published a whitebook that …” „… thePeople's Republic of China.In response to Beijing's attempt to influence the presidential elections on …”

The confrontation with Washington S. 79-84

„… US-led UN forces in North Koreawould provoke military intervention by the People's Republic of China.The …” „… medium term.The treatment of current relations between the People's Republic of China onthe one hand and …” „… People's Republic of China and theUnited States of America.This chapter will first look at the history of …”

Structure of this study S. 12-15

„… the People's Republic of China.This part opens with a discussion of the views of Hans J. Morgenthau …” „… AnAmerican study published in 1996 analyses in detail the possibility that the People's Republic of China …” „… power of the People's Republic ofChina provides a particularly clear demonstration of the problems …”

Japan as ally of the USA S. 113-114

„… between Japan and the People's Republic of China in thefollowing decades.Because of the war between the …” „… opponent of the People'sRepublic, the Republic of China in Taipei.381In the same year, on 28 February 1952 …” „… inseparable part of thePeople's Republic of China. Whereas the Chinese reaffirmed this standpoint, theJapanese …”

Ships and weapons systems S. 41-46

„… advanced anti-submarine technology.In 1983, the People's Republic of China commissioned its first, and so …” „… technology.In addition to its six nuclear submarines, the navy of the People's Republic ofChina also has a …” „… the People's Republic of China orders any more depends on whether they are prepared to pay the …”

The Japanese-Chinese rapprochement S. 114-115

„… inseparable part of thePeople's Republic of China. Whereas the Chinese reaffirmed this standpoint, theJapanese …” „… and the Government of the People’s Republic of China, 29 September, www.taiwandocuments.org/japan01 …” „… for the close alliance with the USA was thelack of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of …”

Bibliography S. 137-144

„… D.C. 1996.Oberheitmann, Andreas – Energy Policy and Structure in the People’s Republic of China …” „… Republics and the People’s Republic of China, http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~wordljpn/documents/texts/docs …” „… Communique of the Government of Japan and the Government of the People’s Republic ofChina, 29 September 1972 …”

Coal as a source of energy S. 57-58

„… – Energy Policy and Structure in the People’s Republic of China,Untersuchung für die EU-Kommission, O G …” „… People’s Republic of China,Untersuchung für die EU-Kommission, OG XVII/A4/97-06, p. 5.202 95 Energy …” „… anenvironmental reason. Coal is the prinmary cause of air pollution in the People'sRepublic of China. China is …”

Japan's existential dependence on sea routes S. 124-130

„… further naval build-up by the People's Republic of China,the United States may feel bound to move from a …” „… deep-sea fleet by the People's Republic of China, in otherwords a fleet that, like the American, were in a …” „… the People's Republic of China runs thedanger that the USA will regard this as a threat to its …”

Conclusion S. 133-136

„… rule of the CCP in China.The second is the survival of the People's Republic of China as a major …” „… when thegovernment changes it policies.In contrast to France, the People's Republic of China has very …” „… the People's Republic ofChina continues with its military build-up it runs the danger of triggering a …”

Economic restructuring and its causes S. 50-56

„… thegulf between the People's Republic of China on the one hand and the advancedindustrialized countries on …” „… the People'sRepublic of China was reorganized on Soviet principles. This meant that all industrial …” „… People'sRepublic of China to open up to the outside world.185To import foreign technology the Chinese economy had …”

The effects of the reforms on the national economy S. 56-57

„… People’s Republic of China,Untersuchung für die EU-Kommission, O G XVII/A4/97-06, Ch. 9, pp. 35–37.197 …” „… Asian Development Bank, in 1987 the People's Republic ofChina mined 928 million tonnes of coal and …” „… the People's Republic of China there is a growing gap between production and consumption of energy …”

The historical legacy S. 112-113

„… between the People's Republic of China and the United Statesare also conditioned by past developments, the …” „… relations with the People's Republic, either. Instead, at thesame time as China became an ally of the Soviet …” „… 's Republic of China in thefollowing decades.Because of the war between the USA and China in Korea and …”

The threat to Taiwan S. 130-132

„… pursued by all means at China's disposal, i.e., including military force.The People's Republic of China …” „… military and political situation in the People's Republic of China itself. China wouldrisk political and …” „… two Chinese armies show that the People'sRepublic of China is still not in a position to launch a …”

China's maritime interests S. 71-77

„… in the South ChinaSea highlight a fundamental problem facing the People's Republic of China in …” „… applying the straight baseline method.The study takes the view that the People's Republic of China may use …” „… shelf.262 In thislaw, the People's Republic of China expressly affirmed its rights and interests inthe …”

Military strategy S. 46-49

„… 464. Military strategyFor decades military strategy in the People's Republic of China was …” „… 's political and military leadersuntil the 1980s. But this did not mean that the People's Republic of China …” „… time it was founded the navy of the People's Republic of China did not possess anything remotely like …”

The motivation for the study S. 11-12

„… reasons for the build-up of the naval forces of the People's Republic of China.This part opens with a …” „… 11Introduction1. The motivation for the studyFor more than 20 years, the People's Republic of China …” „… .2Modernization in the People's Republic of China is not limited to agricultureand industry. The …”

The role of oil and gas in energy supplies S. 58-60

„… Andreas Oberheitmann – Energy Policy and Structure in the People’s Republic of China,Untersuchung für die …” „… Structure in the People’s Republic of China,Ch. 3 – The Energy Sector at a Glance, p. 4.605. The political …” „… pollution only in China but in the world as a whole.Thus, although the People's Republic of China does …”

Washington's strategic interests and the oceans S. 121-124

„… powerful offensive instrument.If the People's Republic of China had the navy it desires, it would be able …” „… function of its navalforces.The construction of a deep-sea fleet by the People's Republic of China, in …” „… andSouth Korea.Any build-up of a deep-sea fleet by the People's Republic of China runs thedanger that the …”

Difficulties in the relationship between Beijing and Tokyo S. 115-120

„… full recognition to the government in Beijing, Japan and the People's Republic of China established …” „… tension between Japan and the People's Republic of China.395 HaruoFujii, one of the Japanese security …” „… on 12 August 1978.386The political rapprochement between Japan and the People's Republic of Chinabore …”

The political and economic significance of Central Asia S. 60-64

„… requirements.6. Chinas oceanic interestsAs discussed above, the People's Republic of China has no possibility …” „… promlems to those in Xinjiang for the People's Republic of China. For a long time the West failed to notice …” „… Chinese, since 1949 the People's Republic of Chinahas been practising a policy of selective Chinese …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… People's Republic of China 372. The command structure and dispositioning of naval forces 393. Ships and …” „… People's Republic of China and its territorial claims 696.3. China's maritime interests 71IV. China and …” „… the world 781. The People's Republic of China and the international environment 782. Relations with …”

The command structure and dispositioning of naval forces S. 39-41

„… . It was also confronted with the superior US navy, which ensured that the People's Republic of China …” „… , Taiwan's navy isstill superior to that of the People's Republic of China. But the balance could shiftin …” „… naval forces equipped with advanced anti-submarine technology.In 1983, the People's Republic of China …”

The development of international maritime law S. 64-69

„… nations.One of the major beneficiaries is without doubt the People's Republic of China.China has a coastline …” „… above, the People's Republic of China has no possibility of coveringits growing energy needs by …” „… than others did.6.2 The People's Republic of China and its territorial claimsOn account of the new …”

The political approach – Robert Jervis S. 24-30

„… . When the People's Republic of China also entered the war a little later,the US government also …” „… of others' intentions culminated in war between the USA andthe People's Republic of China in …” „… of this study are the reasons for the naval build-up of the People'sRepublic of China, the fourth …”

The elements of naval power – Sergei G. Gorshkov S. 35-36

„… of the People's Republic of China.104 Op. cit., pp. 65–70.105 Op. cit., pp. 89ff.106 Op. cit., p …” „… .954.3. The elements of naval power – Sergei G. GorshkovSergei Gorshkow's definition of naval power is …” „… closer Mahan's than Wegener's. In1976, the long-serving commander-in-chief of the Soviet navy published a …”

Control of the seas and national power – Alfred T. Mahan S. 30-33

„… reasons for the naval build-up of the People'sRepublic of China, the fourth chapter of Part One will look …” „… governments act as they do, i.e., the fundamental causes of people'sand states' behaviour.The third chapter …” „… size of the population, but the number of people suitable for service in the navy or the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845200668

Heinz-Dieter Assmann, Thomas M.H. Chan, Karin Moser v. Filseck - Perceptions and Images of China

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Heinz-Dieter Assmann (ed.), Thomas M.H. Chan (ed.), Karin Moser v. Filseck (ed.)

Perceptions and Images of China

Series: Neue China-Studien

Volume 2 2008

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Knut B. Pißler, Thomas von Hippel Civil Society in the People’s Republic of China from a Legal Perspective – Expectations and Realities S. 123-149

„… equality. I. Equality between men and women China has amended the “People’s Republic of China Law on the …” „… statutes the governance of the foundation, see § 62, Civil Code of the Republic of China. 66 ³0RGHO 6 …” „… posted on the website of the China Daily (see: www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-10/19/content …”

Georg Sandberger The Protection of Intellectual Property Rights After the People’s Republic of China’s Accession to the WTO S. 173-190

„… inside China is extremely high, and the export of counterfeits and pirated goods continues to inflict …” „… percent of all fake goods seized at the borders of the EU are of Chinese origin.2 In 2004 China accounted …” „… China, Illusion or Reality, Journal of World Trade 35 (6), 2001, p. 1181 ss.: for a German view …”

Gottfried-Karl Kindermann New China in the Perceptions of U.S. Presidents from F.D. Roosevelt to Jimmy Carter S. 61-83

„… aggression against the non-aligned Republic of China. On the basis of their superior military strength, the …” „… Pecadores shall be restored to the Republic of China. 5 Since China, at that time, had been completely …” „… Republic of China on Taiwan. 19 It ZDV DOVR VHHQ DV D GUDVWLF UHPLQGHU RI &KLQD¶V GHPDQG WR WDNH RYHU …”

Kwok Siu-tong A New Image of Culture: The Marriage of Culture and Economics in China of the New Millennium S. 243-251

„… two decades is unprecedented in the history of the People¶s Republic. The fear of the West is toned …” „… of ideology on the level of the super-structure. However, with China¶s economic reform in the late …” „… 243 A New Image of Culture: The Marriage of Culture and Economics in China of the New …”

Weijian Liu Toward a Postmodern Metropolis: Representation of Shanghai in German Literature and Media S. 233-243

„… post-Dadaist writer, published his novel China Devours People in 1930 and projected the Taoist idea of Wuwei …” „… . However, with China¶s economic reform in the late 1970s, the launching of the Special Economic Zones and …” „… : Historische Zeitschrift 222 (1976), pp. 342±358. 234 name of German such cause to be remembered in China for …”

Ivan Szelenyi Varieties of Post-Communist Capitalisms: Convergences and Divergences S. 13-37

„… worlds of post-communist capitalisms”: 1 In 1989-1990 China’s annual growth rate was down around 4 …” „… trajectories and sees the differences more in terms of trade-offs. China undoubtedly managed the transition …” „… countries of Central Asia ± the most extreme cases of neo-patrimonial regimes) were joining China as the …”

Shi Tongbiao Equality in China: New Developments and Problems S. 149-155

„… equality. I. Equality between men and women China has amended the “People’s Republic of China Law on the …” „… 149 Equality in China: New Developments and Problems ∗ Shi Tongbiao, Renmin University of China …” „… the society bears. In China, the topic of “building a harmonious society” prevails. The harmony of …”

Karl-Josef Kuschel “Why do people travel to China....?” About the Function of China in the Works of Bert Brecht and Adolf Muschg S. 251-273

„… been tried in China but has also been supported by the consensus of the people has an enormous force …” „… 251 ³:K\ GR SHRSOH WUDYHO WR &KLQD "´ About the Function of China in the Works of Bert …” „… Keyserling In the year 1919, one of the most discussed books of the Weimar Republic was published. Hermann …”

Werner Meissner China’s Search for Cultural and National Identity from the 19<sup>th</sup> Century to the Present S. 97-122

„… Chu I, The Three Principles of the People, trans. Frank W. Price, ed. L. T. Chen (Shanghai, China …” „… elements of cultural and national identity building in China from the 19 th century to the present, in …” „… FXOWXUDO LGHQWLW\´ WKH Xnfolding of the identity crisis in China following its continuous defeats by …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845208428

Harald Bergbauer, Yeonho Lee - Cooperation in Asia and Disintegration in Europe?

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Harald Bergbauer (ed.), Yeonho Lee (ed.)

Cooperation in Asia and Disintegration in Europe?

2016

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Doowon Lee The North Korean Economy within the Gravitational Area of South Korea and the People’s Republic of China S. 27-41

„… The North Korean Economy within the Gravitational Area of South Korea and the People’s Republic of …” „… and China using China’s gravity model, it is found that the potential trade volume as of 2012 would be …” „… the gravity model of China’s trade with its trading partners. This paper has used the 2012 trade data …”

Werner Gumpel Russia as Provider of Energetic Resources for Europe and Korea: Problems and Approaches to Solutions S. 56-63

„… this context the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of Korea will be in the main focus. The …” „… major interest is focused on the People’s Republic of China, which has an essential interest in …” „… the gas from the fields in Yakutia should be directed via China and North Korea to the Republic of …”

Gottfried-Karl Kindermann Cambodia – A Case of Negotiated Reunification S. 64-79

„… Chinese, calling itself People’s Republic of Cambodia, the new regime announced it would contribute to a …” „… innovations. On October 8, 1987 the pro-Vietnamese People’s Republic of Cambodia announced a five-point …” „… Red Khmer, but cooperating with Vietnam proclaimed in Phnom Penh a People’s Republic of Cambodia …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-7

„… Gravitational Area of South Korea and the People’s Republic of China 28 Doowon Lee South Korea’s Relationships …” „… Nomos Cooperation in Asia and Disintegration in Europe? Proceedings of a German-Korean Academic …” „… Dialogue Harald Bergbauer | Yeonho Lee [eds.] Proceedings of a German-Korean Academic Dialogue Cooperation …”

Harald Bergbauer Political Power Shifts in Europe as Result of the Economic and Financial Crisis in Europe S. 80-97

„… the protecting roof of the European Union. The biggest single enlargement in terms of people and …” „… states; most of them have completely different historic traditions and political cultures. People in the …” „… institutions. The value systems of the people, however, could not so easily be overcome and are, in part, still …”

Ralf Thomas Göllner The Political and Economic Effects of the Eastward Expansion of the European Union for Germany S. 98-133

„… stage in the process of creating an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe.”2 The treaty aimed at …” „… Visegrád-countries. These are in order of trade importance: Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and the Slovak …” „… Republic, covering more than 80 Ralf Thomas Göllner 116 percent of German trade in the Eastern European …”

Heinz Steinmüller, Jona van Laak The International Financial Crisis and its Effects on the World Economy and the Economic Theory S. 147-163

„… economy of Mexico or the Dominican Republic is gaining strength, Argentina and Venezuela remain weak …” „… actually harmed the society. In the situation of crisis people do not longer act rationally such as would …” „… loss of confidence of the people in economics during the financial and economic crisis was mainly …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845261003

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