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Jörg Philipp Terhechte - OPEC und europäisches Wettbewerbsrecht

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Jörg Philipp Terhechte

OPEC und europäisches Wettbewerbsrecht

2008

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OPEC and European Competition Law S. 124

„… and European Competition LawThe intention of this issue was to point out the problems that may arise …” „… when applying supranational law to »state cartels.« EC competition law refers to the EUdomestic market …” „… . That does not imply, however, that the law is only applicable torestrictions of competition caused by …”

The Role of European Competition Law S. 103-104

„… coherent rules. 2. The Role of European Competition Law The analysis of European law reveals a totally …” „… different situation: European competition law (Art. 81 ECT) periodically makes the headlines and …” „… several dissonances European competition law has provenuseful, especially in controlling private …”

The Ban on Cartels in Art. 81 ECT S. 111-116

„… suppliesto the common market, EC competition law applies to them as well. Hence, fromthe European law’s …” „… V. Application of European Competition Law to OPEC 111V. Application of European Competition Law to …” „… -342/95, Diego Cali & Figli, [1997] ECR I-1549 (1587) para 16. As far asEuropean Competition Law is …”

General Remarks S. 104-105

„… orthe comity doctrine, and thereby evade application of European competition law?Assuming OPEC can be …” „… effectively operates as a cartel, to European competition law? If Europeancompetition law may be used to …” „… , European law and national economic law that have yet to be resolved.289Is European competition law …”

Fragmentation of International Economic Law S. 102-103

„… coherent rules. 2. The Role of European Competition Law The analysis of European law reveals a totally …” „… different situation: European competition law (Art. 81 ECT) periodically makes the headlines and …” „… several dissonances European competition law has provenuseful, especially in controlling private …”

Alternative Approaches S. 123-124

„… and European Competition LawThe intention of this issue was to point out the problems that may arise …” „… of competition law, further approaches have to be takeninto consideration. For instance, actions …” „… when applying supranational law to »state cartels.« EC competition law refers to the EUdomestic market …”

Alternatives S. 124-125

„… and European Competition LawThe intention of this issue was to point out the problems that may arise …” „… when applying supranational law to »state cartels.« EC competition law refers to the EUdomestic market …” „… . That does not imply, however, that the law is only applicable torestrictions of competition caused by …”

Application to OPEC or its Members? S. 110-111

„… European Competition Law to OPEC 111V. Application of European Competition Law to OPEC 1. The Ban on …” „… Cali & Figli, [1997] ECR I-1549 (1587) para 16. As far asEuropean Competition Law is directly …” „… Members? The last important question is: to against whom exactly might EC competition lawbe applied …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-14

„… der Fragmentierung des internationalen WirtschaftsrechtsOPEC and European Competition Law (English …” „… European Competition Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103II. OPEC as an International …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1241. OPEC and European Competition Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1242. Alternatives …”

State Immunity S. 116-118

„… ) ConclusionsTherefore, EC competition law can be applied to OPEC as an international organization and to its Member …” „… underEuropean law. The difference between European law and international law is the336 The Convention is …” „… consequences. While European law contains effective rules against suchactivities, international law lacks of …”

The Importance of OPEC for National Markets – Example: Germany S. 108-109

„… USantitrust law and makes it much easier for US competition authorities to take actionagainst OPEC …” „… competition law to OPEC, one should clarify the technical meaning of a carteland then ask whether or not OPEC …” „… output.309 2. The Importance of OPEC in the European Market The current imports from OPEC members are of …”

The Concept of Cartels in General S. 109-110

„… about applying European competition law to OPEC, one should clarify the technical meaning of a carteland …” „… fundamental rules of USantitrust law and makes it much easier for US competition authorities to take …” „… : to against whom exactly might EC competition lawbe applied? Possibilities include: (i) OPEC as an …”

Literaturverzeichnis S. 127-132

„… 1986Faull, J./Nikpay, A. (eds.), The EC Law of Competition, Oxford 1999Fezer, K.-H./Koos, S …” „… Judgement, 22 (3) World Competition (1999), S. 3 ff.Goyder, D. G., EC Competition Law, 4. ed., Oxford 2003 …” „… Guide to EC Competition Law and Practice, 8. ed., Oxford 2004Koskenniemi, M./Leino, P., Fragmentation of …”

Fragmentation of International Economic Law and Private Enforcement S. 125-126

„… of understanding between the levels of internationallaw, European law, and domestic law. Coherence is …” „… out that EC competition law is applicable to OPEC, even though the application may not be considered …” „… in court. The applicationof the European competition rules could furthermore advance solving the …”

Political Consequences S. 122-123

„… exclusive jurisdiction. IX. Alternative ApproachesIn addition to the approach of competition law, further …” „… competition rules. In addition to this, OPEC does notdispose of the financial resources to cover large fines …” „… representation), whichis to a certain extent contrary to international law.356 So, how is this Gordian knotto be …”

Previous Cases S. 118-120

„… 118 K. Summaryquestion of consequences. While European law contains effective rules against …” „… U.S. antitrust law exerts a great influence onEC competition law and both regulatory frameworks are …” „… suchactivities, international law lacks of clear and effective rules.2. ComityThe Comity Principle can be …”

Comity S. 118

„… 118 K. Summaryquestion of consequences. While European law contains effective rules against …” „… U.S. antitrust law exerts a great influence onEC competition law and both regulatory frameworks are …” „… suchactivities, international law lacks of clear and effective rules.2. ComityThe Comity Principle can be …”

Abkürzungsverzeichnis S. 15-18

„… International LawVanderbilt J.Transnational L. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Lawverb. Rs. verbundene …” „… Presserecht)AJIL American Journal of International LawAmerican Univ. L. Rev. American University Law …” „… ReviewAntitrust L. J. Antitrust Law JournalArt. Artikel/ArticleAufl. AuflageAVR Archiv des Völkerrechts …”

The Present Situation in the Oil Market S. 109

„… about applying European competition law to OPEC, one should clarify the technical meaning of a carteland …” „… fundamental rules of USantitrust law and makes it much easier for US competition authorities to take …” „… due to technical questions and concerns in relation to international law.314 IV. OPEC and Cartel …”

Private Enforcement S. 123

„… of competition law, further approaches have to be takeninto consideration. For instance, actions …” „… European Market beingis the second largest in the world. Hence, there would be a significant …” „… such actions on the »energy« sector have been conferred on theEuropean Union. The key issues are, the …”

Application by the European Commission S. 121-122

„… oil prices the further development in U.S. law hasto be observed closely. Where the discussion may …” „… application ofU.S. antitrust law was problematic, the main issues were not located in the field ofantitrust …” „… law itself. This inspires the following assumption: OPEC is not excludedfrom the scope of application …”

The Importance of OPEC in the European Market S. 108

„… output.309 2. The Importance of OPEC in the European Market The current imports from OPEC members are of …” „… huge importance to the entireEuropean Union: about 70% of the demand for crude oil in 2000 had to be …” „… . The European Commission projects that the EU will need to coverabout 90% of its demand for crude oil …”

The Importance of OPEC in the World Oil Market S. 107-108

„… OPEC. III. The Economic Importance of OPECThe Member States of the European Union are net importers of …” „… hybridvehicles on the other hand) it cannot reasonably be expected that without oil importsthe European Union …” „… .306 Cp. Commission Green Paper »A European Strategy for …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845207278

Peter-Christian Müller-Graff, Jürgen Schwarze - XXIV. FIDE-Kongress vom 3. bis 6. November 2010 in Madrid

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Peter-Christian Müller-Graff (ed.), Jürgen Schwarze (ed.)

XXIV. FIDE-Kongress vom 3. bis 6. November 2010 in Madrid

Series: Sonderheft Europarecht

Volume 2011

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Wolfgang Bosch The Judicial Application of European Competition Law S. 73-90

„… The Judicial Application of European Competition Law Von Wolfgang Bosch* Private Enforcement in …” „… 548/99); 74 EuR – Beiheft 1 – 2011 Bosch, The Judicial Application of European Competition Law § US …” „… lost by the claimants. Bosch, The Judicial Application of European Competition Law EuR – Beiheft 1 …”

Santiago Martínez Lage, Rafael Allendesalazar Questionnaire General Topic 2: The Judicial Application of European Competition Law S. 67-72

„… Questionnaire General Topic 2: The Judicial Application of European Competition Law1 General …” „… and Policy of the European Union: The reform of Competition Law Enforcement – Will it work? (Dublin …” „… , 2004); The modernization of European competition law —initial experiences with Regulation 1/2003— (Wien …”

Piet Jan Slot Questionnaire General Topic 3: Public Capital and Private Capital in the internal market. Securing a level playing field for public and private enterprises S. 91-98

„… European Company law. Q 4. Have the directives created a level playing field between public and private …” „… legislation that may be relevant for our topic? Competition law Article 81, 82 and 86 EC As was noted above …” „… your national competition law been interpreted so as to allow exceptions for the protection of public …”

Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 5-6

„… ............ 13 Questionnaire General Topic 2: The Judicial Application of European Competition Law . . . . 67 Dr …” „… . Wolfgang Bosch, Frankfurt/Main The Judicial Application of European Competition Law …” „… ............................................................................................... 3 Questionnaire General Topic 1: The European and National Parliaments .......................... 7 …”

Titelei S. 1-2

„… Bundestag und Bundesrat in der Europäischen Union | The Judicial Application of European Competition Law …”

Jürgen Schwarze, Peter-Christian Müller-Graff Vorwort S. 3-4

„… European Competition Law“ (Wolfgang Bosch) und „Öffentliches Kapital und öffentliche Interessen – die …”

Julia Lübke Öffentliches Kapital und öffentliche Interessen – die Gewährleistung gleicher Wettbewerbsbedingungen für öffentliche und private Unternehmen im Binnenmarkt S. 99-144

„… . State-owned enterprises are subject to general competition law, regardless of their legal structure …” „… ’ co-determination. Also, the more liberal, optional rules of European takeover law have not been put into mandatory …” „… national law. While public interest goals may not be considered in competition law, they may, in …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845230917

Martina Eckardt, Christian Schubel - Wettbewerb der Gesellschaftsrechtsordnungen in Ost-Mitteleuropa?

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Martina Eckardt (ed.), Christian Schubel (ed.)

Wettbewerb der Gesellschaftsrechtsordnungen in Ost-Mitteleuropa?

Series: Andrássy Studien zur Europaforschung

Volume 16 2016

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Lars Hornuf, Julia Lindner The End of Regulatory Competition in European Company Law? S. 115-138

„… Competition in European Company Law? 135 laws, which could eventually lead to ‘regulatory competition’ in the …” „… Competition Law, Edward Elgar: Cheltenham. Heine, Klaus/Kerber, Wolfgang (2002): European Corporate Laws …” „… Competition in European Company Law? Jun.-Prof. Dr. Lars Hornuf, Universität Trier, Julia Lindner …”

Martina Eckardt, Anja-Maria Lechner Und es gibt ihn doch - den Wettbewerb im europäischen Gesellschaftsrecht: eine evolutionsökonomische Analyse unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der zentralen Rolle von Rechtsintermediären S. 139-168

„… (2005): Who Should Make Corporate Law? EC Legislation versus Regulatory Competition, European Corporate …” „… Competition in European Corporate Law, Harvard John M. Olin Fellow’s Discussion Paper Series, Discussion Paper …” „… Entities and Vertical Regulatory Competition in European Corporate Law. The Case for Market-mimicking …”

Stefan Okruch Systemwettbewerb und Systemkooperation im Gesellschaftsrecht S. 169-190

„… Competition and the European Union: Contrasting Perspectives, in: Regional Science and Urban Economics, Vol …” „… von Ordnungen. Bei „yardstick competition“ (Breton 1996, 233) wird allerdings die Frage der …” „… spezifischen Teils daraus nur unsichere Schlüsse gezogen werden können. Hinzukommt bei yardstick competition …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Gesellschaftsrecht 3. 115 The End of Regulatory Competition in European Company Law? 117 Lars Hornuf, Julia Lindner …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845256658

Ernst-Joachim Mestmäcker - Europäische Prüfsteine der Herrschaft und des Rechts

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Ernst-Joachim Mestmäcker

Europäische Prüfsteine der Herrschaft und des Rechts

Series: Wirtschaftsrecht und Wirtschaftspolitik

Volume 287 2016

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Towards a Concept of Workable European Competition Law S. 515-532

„… Towards a Concept of Workable European Competition Law Introduction The project of common legally …” „… major competition law ruling the European Court endorsed the prohibition of the German coal cartel under …” „… Concept of Workable European Competition Law 517 by Hans von der Groeben5 and my long-time friend Ivo …”

The development of German and European competition law with special reference to the EU Commission’s Article 82 Guidance of 2008 S. 473-514

„… The development of German and European competition law with special reference to the EU …” „… par. 14 Bond van Adverteeders. 5. The development of German and European competition law 475 the …” „… , European Competition Law: A Practitioner’s Guide, 3rd edn, Kluwer Law International, The Hague, 2004 …”

Economic and Legal Foundations of Constitutional Liberty S. 615-644

„… souls” who believe in antitrust or competition law. In this respect, the European experience is contrary …” „… important targets of competition law enforcement by European and American agencies. The internal market and …” „… competition. The independent European Central Bank (ECB) is to guarantee monetary stability. Since the …”

Antitrust, State Aid, and the Governance of Public Undertakings S. 423-438

„… internal market and the system of undistorted competition. As a matter of law, the EC Treaty answers this …” „… , we have seen major shifts in the case law of the European courts, the attitude of the commission, and …” „… functional approach superse- II. 12 For details, see CW Bellamy and GD Child Common market law of competition …”

A Legal Theory without Law Posner v. Hayek on Economic Analysis of Law S. 233-282

„… matter of law, a common market and a system of undistorted competition. The European Internal Market is …” „… European law, this issue is most prominent in the controversies surrounding the position or privileges of …” „… and the old European enlightenment Posner is determined to reorient the law in a more scientific …”

How does Regulation 1/2003 give effect to the principles set out in Art. 101, 102 TFEU? S. 409-422

„… competition laws. National competition authorities and courts applying their own law have to apply Art. 101 …” „… competition law evaporates if it is looked upon as an organisation of procedure or “straight jacket” for …” „… theories that want to measure economic effects only, are essential to the law and economics of competition …”

Quellenverzeichnis S. 649-652

„… . Quellenverzeichnis 650 5. The development of German and European competition law with special reference to the EU …” „… Commission’s Article 82 Guidance of 2008; in: Lorenzo Federico Pace (ed.), European Competition Law: The Impact …” „… . Towards a Concept of Workable European Competition Law; in: Kiran Klaus Patel/ Heike Schweitzer (eds …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-12

„… europäischen Wettbewerbsrecht 4. 453 The development of German and European competition law with special …” „… European Competition Law6. 515 50 Jahre GWB: Die Erfolgsgeschichte eines unvollkommenen Gesetzes 7. 533 V …” „… auszutreten. Das Referendum beruht auf dem Gesetz vom 17.12.2015 (European Union Referendum Act) und fragt, ob …”

Kooperative horizontale Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen im US-Antitrustrecht und im europäischen Wettbewerbsrecht S. 453-472

„… development of German and European Competition Law with special reference to the EU Comission’s Art. 82 …” „… Guidance of 2008. In: Lorenzo Federico Pace (ed.), European Competition Law, Cheltenham, Northampton 2011 …” „… Policy, The Law of Competition and its Practise, 3rd Ed., 2006, p 206. 4. Kooperative horizontale …”

Herausforderungen der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion S. 117-134

„… E.-J. Mestmäcker, The development of German and European Competition Law with special reference to the …” „… EU Commissions, Article 82 Guidance of 2008, in: Lorenzo Federico Pace (ed.), European Competition …” „… von Kurven B. 15 Brüssel 3.3.2010, KOM (2010) 2020 endgültig. 16 European Council, EUCO 7/10, Brüssel …”

Die EU als Rechtsgemeinschaft S. 13-40

„… asked us to be sceptic about our religion?' European Law is in contrast the faith of the Court of …” „… national and European law, Eur.L.Rev. 2013, 437, 443. 1. Die EU als Rechtsgemeinschaft 17 Gleichwohl hat …” „… Sovereignty of Law, The European Way, Cambridge, 2007. I. Grundlagen des europäischen Rechts 20 die Frage …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845278308

Anselm Küsters - The Making and Unmaking of Ordoliberal Language

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Anselm Küsters

The Making and Unmaking of Ordoliberal Language

Series: Studien zur europäischen Rechtsgeschichte

Volume 340 2023

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Part II: European competition law: from ordoliberalism to neoliberalism S. 267-654

„… Law’, 130ff.270 Part II: European competition laweconomic efficiency.9 As a result, the question of …” „… (15.05.1950), in: CVCE online repository. 278 Part II: European competition lawAcheson, US Secretary of State …” „… : European competition lawAmerican ideas172 – not least since ‘competition’ can mean different things to …”

Introduction: Popularising ordoliberal concepts in Brussels S. 1-28

„… study will come to a more nuanced assessment of the ordoliberal influence on European competition law …” „… changing influence of ordoliber-alism on European competition law between c. 1950 and 2020. The qualitative …” „… the DNA of European competition law,43 which formulates a cartel ban (Art. 101 Treaty on the …”

Bibliography S. 717-796

„… Competition Law’, in: European Papers – A Journal on Law and Integration 6:1 (2021), 553–566.Bachmann, Rüdiger …” „… Chilton, Katerina Linos, and Alexander Weaver, ‘The Global Dominance of European Competition Law Over …” „… . Rockmore, Santa Fe 2019, 407–429.Felice, Flavio and MassimilianoVatiero, ‘Ordo and European Competition Law …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… and Unmaking of Ordoliberal Language.A Digital Conceptual History of European Competition LawThe …” „… Making and Unmaking of Ordoliberal LanguageA Digital Conceptual History of European Competition LawAnselm …” „… LanguageA Digital Conceptual Historyof European Competition LawStudien zureuropäischen …”

Appendix S. 667-716

„… competition law.2. The next topic links this European competition law (competition, policy, eu-ropean) with …” „… (European Doctor)Belgium Industrial organi-zation, compe-tition policy, regulation, law and economicsNEVEN …” „… . Resale price maintenance (preisbindung) was discussed from a competition law perspective (wettbewerb …”

Part I: Ordoliberal and neoliberal competition thought S. 29-266

„… Andriychuk, The Normative Foundations of European Competition Law, 84.42 Part I: Ordoliberal and neoliberal …” „… Normative Foundations of European Competition Law, 95.250 The early ordoliberals certainly shared some of …” „… Ptak, ‘Neoliberalism in Germany’, 112.10 Gerber, Law and Competition, 239.11 For the scholars defining …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783465146018

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