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Lee Waddington - Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in Sports

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Lee Waddington

Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in Sports

2022

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The Individual and Interventions S. 33-38

„… element of any sporting environment is each and every individual athlete, not the team. Not at any level …” „… athlete from that team and there is no team, that’s how important each individual person is. When a team …” „… drawn up for groups of players too. However, it’s how a coach reaches each individual athlete within the …”

Coaching S. 74-84

„… develops group/team tactics and misses out on the sum of its parts, the individual athletes.By the end of a …” „… athlete.White Board/Tactics Board William Beeland (2002), in his study of the benefits of classroom use of …” „… Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS74Chapter 10CoachingAs I stated earlier, I’m not …”

Consumption S. 85-93

„… important hydration is for the young athlete:Parents, of course, have a more influential role and …” „… materials; the amount used’. In terms of athlete development, we mean it to cover nutrition, hydration, and …” „… athlete, and seeks to evaluate and then offer solutions to a variety of essential elements that play a …”

Connectivity S. 100-117

„… that make up a successful (or not) athlete-coach relationship. The secondary attachment that a coach …” „… Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS100Chapter 13ConnectivityConnectivity – the state …” „… for others, as examples – it’s clear that our work to assist with the development of athletes actually …”

Coach S. 70-73

„… Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS70Chapter 9CoachWorld-class researcher Jean Côté …” „… integrated professional, interpersonal, and intrapersonal knowledge to improve athletes’ competence …” „… knowledge, 2) athlete outcomes, and 3) specific coaching contexts. In simple terms, this means what a coach …”

Old Days Are the New Days S. 23-32

„… schoolboy playing days, but through the lens of modern-day athlete development, it’s fairly easy to pick out …” „… way athletes are currently being developed.The Talent Pool#MarcusRashford @ManUtd play/practiced …” „… , developing athletes participating in practices where there is no age banding, such as peer-to-peer mentoring …”

Songbirds and Lampard: Character and Commitment Construction S. 55-66

„… characters exist both individually and collectively. For example, certain athletes or sports teams always …” „… 14:42Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS56There are plenty of definitions of character …” „… high performance environments, working with athletes of all ages, I have found that for those achieving …”

The Science of Learning S. 17-22

„… practitioners, athletes, and parents have a better understanding of the process. The nervous system is the …” „… young athlete, helping them to understand the error in as many ways as possible, such as showing them …” „… 17 27.01.22 14:42Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS18important issue within this …”

Introduction S. 9-11

„… needs of each individual athlete.The other glaring omission at professional academies is the construct …” „… most professional sports academies around the globe should re-examine their current athlete development …” „… processes as they have not fundamentally changed their approach to athlete development and education for …”

Self-Organised Learning Environment (SOLE) S. 39-42

„… environment for every athlete. The SOLE concept, although flexible, has the potential to offer a divergent …” „… athlete development are removed, allowing the coach to reposition him/herself from a director to a …” „… the athletes subject matter instead of posing them problems that they try to solve themselves. In …”

The Coach and Stress Affecting Performance S. 43-47

„… relationship was also demonstrated between the athletes’ competitive anxiety level and their athletic …” „… , anything is possible. I do argue that athletes, especially the younger age groups, could prosper if they …” „… process of educating and developing athletes. Without it, a coach is like a raging kettle without a lid …”

Communication Pathways S. 48-54

„… present, helping others with optimism and drive, supports his view of promoting athlete-led versus …” „… Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS48Chapter 7Communication PathwaysThis is a subject …” „… there were 613 factors that influence athlete’s commitment. Out of these, coach communication controlled …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-5

„… 55236951995Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development inSPORTSThe Framework to Freedom Method That Develops …” „… Strong Athletes and Outstanding IndividualsLee Waddington MScRedefine Coaching & Athlete Development in …” „… redefine the way in which sports coaching is delivered and how athletes are developed. Written by Lee …”

References S. 118-126

„… Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS118ReferencesBaker, J., Cote, J., & Hawes, R …” „… . (2000). The relationship between coaching behaviours and sport anxiety in athletes. Journal of Science …” „… Teaching Education.Bergeron MF. Hydration in the Pediatric Athlete - How to Guide Your Patients. Curr …”

Coaching Today, Forgotten Tomorrow S. 13-16

„… young, novice coach will use blocked methodology as it’s easier to keep control of a group of athletes …” „… methodology as it’s easier to keep control of a group of athletes, balls tend to … excuse me, it’s the same …” „… coach at a super snazzy private sports academy delivering a variable practice where the athletes are …”

Introduction to Part 2 S. 68-69

„… 67 27.01.22 14:42Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS68Introduction to Part 2The first …” „… changes, so that athletes and coaches access the maximum benefits of the process. Having read Part 1 …” „… athlete. The ‘Framework to Freedom’ is based upon four distinct but interlinked Cs: coaching, consumption …”

Care S. 94-99

„… Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS94Chapter 12CareThe word ‘care’ is used frequently …” „… Development in Sports.indd 95 27.01.22 14:42Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS96The key …” „… 22-01-26_Redefine Coaching and Development in Sports.indd 97 27.01.22 14:42Redefine Coaching & Athlete …”

Foreword by Robert A. Bjork S. 6

„… Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in SPORTS6ForewordIn this book, Lee Waddington draws on …” „… growth and athletic development go hand in hand and that coaches have the opportunity to help kids …”

Acknowledgements S. 7-8

„… Coaching and Development in Sports.indd 7 27.01.22 14:42Redefine Coaching & Athlete Development in …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781782558859

Eleni Trova, Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris - The Olympic Games of the European Union

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Eleni Trova, Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris

The Olympic Games of the European Union

2011

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Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Protection of athlete’s health S. 146-147

„… athlete’s …” „… ? this?objective,?apart?frombeing?paternalistic,?is?contradictory,?since?it?could?lead?to?the?opposite?result.313Athletes,? regardless? of? the? existence? of? the? ban? or? not,? are? going? to? use …” „… ? to?bansubstances?which?are?not?proven?to?cause?harm,?while?permitting?far?more?dangerous?forms?of?behaviour?by?athletes.32?Use?of?dietary?supplements?such?as?creatineis?rife,33 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Freedom of the athlete’s establishment S. 191-193

„… ?a?direct?application?of?the?ECcompetition?rules?and?held?that?the?doping?regulation?does?not?involve?any?economic?objective.?It?stated?that?it?is?intended?to?preserve?the?noble?competition?andto?safeguard?the?health?of?athletes …” „… ?EC,?sincethey?pursue?a?legitimate?objective.So,?regardless?of?its?final?decision,?it?is?very?interesting?that?the?EC?competitionrules?were?applied?to?sport?and?in?particular?to?the?IOC?regulation.?If?the?decisionhad?culminated?in?a?different?result?the?entire?IOC?doping?system?would?have?beenexploded?in?all?likelihood.Freedom of the athlete’s …” „… .Indeed,?the?financial?importance?of?sport?made?it?necessary?for?it?to?be?subject?tothe?EC?law.The?EU?law?recognized?for?the?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The constructed body of the athlete S. 34-35

„… ?categories?of?disability.Emphasis?is?attached?on?the?participation?of?the?athletes?rather?than?the?disability.The?movement?was?greatly?developed?lately.?The?number?of?the?participating?athletes?was?raised?from?400?athletes?from?23 …” „… athleteIt?is?well-known?that?the?modern?athletes?reach?their?excesses?and?their?excellentperformances? not? only? by? their? effort? and? training? but? also …” „… ? international?organizationbegan.?Olympic?Games?for?athletes?with?disabilities?were?first?organized?in?Romein?1960,?the?Games?that?are?now?called?Paraolympic?Games.?In?Montreal?1976 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Doping and European Union S. 137-141

„… ’?resting?time.?This?culminates?in?the?limitation?of?the?duration?of?thecareer?peak?of?the?athlete,?which?reasonably?increases?the?pressure?for?success?andhigh?performances.?This?should?be?also?approached?under?the?fact?that?the?athleteswho …” „… increasing?phenomenon.?In?some?cases,?the?athlete?contests?the?validity?of?the?analysis?of?their?bodily?specimens.?However,?the?vast?majority?of?doping?disputes?relateto?the?sanction?imposed-?athletes …” „… ?contribution?mainly?focused?on?the?creation?of?educational?programs?about?theactivity?of?WADA?as?an?independent?observer?and?about?the?passport?project?ofathletes?which?enables?every?athlete?to?gain?access?to?anti-doping?information.Nowadays,?the?EU?is?limited?to?the?moral?support?of?the?WADA?mission.?In2002 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Unfair advantage S. 145-146

„… :• To?protect?the?athletes’?fundamental?right?to?participate?in?doping-free?sportand?thus?promote?health,?fairness?and?equality?for?athletes …” „… advantageDoping?enhances?the?ability?of?the?athletes,?making?them?stronger?and?faster,?whichmake?the?competition?unfair?for?the?“?clean?“?athletes.?If?some?athletes?are?usingdrugs?then?they?are?gaining?an?unfair?advantage?over?other?athletes,?who?will?eitheruse?drugs?to?keep?up?with?them?(thereby?placing?their?own?health?at?risk)?or?elsewill …” „… ,? to“?level?the?playing?field”?.?It?is?totally?unfair?for?athletes?who?were?struggling?foryears?in?training?to?be?defeated?by?other?athletes?who?just?made?use?of?drugs.?Thereis?an?opinion?though?which?supports?that?inequities?in?sport?are?inevitable,?sincethe?athletes?are?not?all?of?the?same?height,?weight?and?financial?condition.311 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova More about the proportionality: Is doping really proportionate? S. 145

„… :• To?protect?the?athletes’?fundamental?right?to?participate?in?doping-free?sportand?thus?promote?health,?fairness?and?equality?for?athletes …” „… advantageDoping?enhances?the?ability?of?the?athletes,?making?them?stronger?and?faster,?whichmake?the?competition?unfair?for?the?“?clean?“?athletes.?If?some?athletes?are?usingdrugs?then?they?are?gaining?an?unfair?advantage?over?other?athletes,?who?will?eitheruse?drugs?to?keep?up?with?them?(thereby?placing?their?own?health?at?risk)?or?elsewill …” „… ,? to“?level?the?playing?field”?.?It?is?totally?unfair?for?athletes?who?were?struggling?foryears?in?training?to?be?defeated?by?other?athletes?who?just?made?use?of?drugs.?Thereis?an?opinion?though?which?supports?that?inequities?in?sport?are?inevitable,?sincethe?athletes?are?not?all?of?the?same?height,?weight?and?financial?condition.311 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Meca-Medina Judgement S. 143-145

„… hey?were?breached,?were?capable?of?producingadverse?effects?on?competition?because?they?could,?if?penalties?were?ultimately?toprove?unjustified,?culminate?in?an?athlete …” „… ? ofNandrolone?in?an?athlete …” „… :• To?protect?the?athletes’?fundamental?right?to?participate?in?doping-free?sportand?thus?promote?health,?fairness?and?equality?for?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Para-Olympic Games and the handicapped body S. 33-34

„… ?categories?of?disability.Emphasis?is?attached?on?the?participation?of?the?athletes?rather?than?the?disability.The?movement?was?greatly?developed?lately.?The?number?of?the?participating?athletes?was?raised?from?400?athletes?from?23 …” „… athleteIt?is?well-known?that?the?modern?athletes?reach?their?excesses?and?their?excellentperformances? not? only? by? their? effort? and? training? but? also …” „… wide?group?of?people-much?bigger?compared?to?politics?for?instance-interest?whichis?still?rising.?Indeed,?the?endearment?to?an?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The International respond S. 135-137

„… Later,?Egyptians?slaves?were?fed?with?elixirs?in?order?to?retrieve?stressand?in?Ancient?Greece,?athletes …” „… ?As?the?years?went?by?doping?was?rapidly?on?the?increase.?New?methods?of?doping?were?invented?and?more?and?more?athletes …” „… )?a?series?of?sanctions?to?be?imposed?when?an?athlete?is?found?to?havecommitted?such?offences.?The?most?common?doping?offence?is?the?presence?of?aprohibited?substance? (i.e.?a?substance?appearing?on?the?“? list? of?prohibited?substances?and?methods”?)? in …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Final Remarks S. 147-148

„… efor?the?swimmers?who?cannot?compete?in?the?same?level?for?many?years.?In?athleticsthe?suspension?seems?to?be?proportionate,?since?athletes …” „… ?The?athlete?should?be?responsible?for?the?substances?found314 Ioannidis G,?the?criminalization?of?doping?in?sport,?in?ISLR?2002.315 Cox N.,?ibid.316 …” „… ,?Ant.?N.Sakkoulas?Publishes,?Athens-Komotini,?p.144.147in? their?body.?Otherwise,?nearly?all? the?athletes?would?be?easily?acquitted.? It …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The human body, the international society and the fair play of history S. 18-25

„… ?infrastructural?territory.?The?Olympic?Movement?acquired?throughthe?city?a?geopolitical?importance?and?an?essential?territorial?dimension.The?Olympics?have?turned?out?to?be?the?most?impressive?and?spectacular?publiccultural?event?in?the?modern?society.12?The?first?modern?Olympic?Games?of?Athens1896?attracted?311?athletes?from?13 …” „… ?countries.?The?Sydney?2000?involved?10651athletes?from?199?countries?and?along?with?the?ticket?sales?6.7 …” „… ?the?athletism?and?the?athletes’?sake.The?creation?of?a?city?with?gymnasia?and?palestras?was?not?self-evident?in?themodern?Europe?where? the? belfry?was?dominating? the? paleodomical?web? of? thecity.19 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Olympic Movement S. 80-82

„… ?federations,national?federations,?NOCs,?OCOGs,?national?unions,?clubs?and?individuals?thatparticipate?in?the?above?unions,?especially?athletes,?referees?and?judges,?coaches,sport?technicians.?It?also?involves?organizations?and?institutions?that?are?recognizedby?the?IOC.108 …” „… ? theOlympic?Charter.It?is?reasonable?a?common?philosophy?to?be?required?among?the?various?institutions?that?are?spread?throughout?the?five?continents?and?among?the?individualsthat?constitute?these?institutions.?These?institutions,?though,?are?not?exclusively?oftrades/associative?nature.?The?Olympic?movement?comprises? the?athletes …” „… ? themselves,?the?people?who?by?any?means?are?starring?in?this?huge?global?concept.?Athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Host City Contract and the Olympic Charter S. 90-95

„… ?of?the?Constitution?that?protects?sport,?it?results?that,?in?principle,?the?athletehas?freedom?of?choice?as?regards?the?sports?association?of?his/her?preference.?Restrictionsas?to?the?enrolments?and?transfers?of?athlete …” „… s?from?one?association?to?another?can?be?imposedonly?if?they?are?justified?by?reasons?that?relate?to?the?protection?of?sport?or?reasons?of?publicinterest?in?general?and?that?they?are?not?disproportionate.?However,?when?minor?athletes …” „… ?areconcerned,?who?follow?their?parents?in?case?of?change?of?residence,?the?restrictions?relatingto?transfers?of?these?athletes?set?by?art.?8,?par.?6?of?the?above?ministerial?decision?are?disproportionate?and?violate?art.?5,?par.?1 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova An overview S. 44-46

„… ?athletes?participated?in?the?Athens?games.?For?the?first?time?athletes?from?every?single?one?of?the?201 …” „… ?nations?associated?with?the?Olympic?movement?participated.?Kiribata?and?East?Timor?were?new?nations?at?the?Olympics.The?most?successful?athlete?was?American?swimmer?Michael?Phelps?winningsix?gold?medals?and?a?total?of?8 …” „… ?medals?and?thereby?became?one?of?the?most?successful?athletes?in?a?single?Olympic?games.?With?a?gold?medal?in?women’?KayakK4?500m?and?a?silver?medal?in?the?K2-event?Germany's?42?y …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Doping and European Convention of Human Rights S. 141-143

„… ?the?restriction?was?sufficiently?prescribed?by?law?)?and?shouldsatisfy?the?principle?of?proportionality.?By?preventing?an?athlete?from?competingon?a?temporary?or?permanent?basis,?this?right?is?violated.?Therefore,?doping?couldbe?legal?only?if?satisfies?the?prerequisites?of?article?10?par.2 …” „… ?Indeed,?since?athletes …” „… ?could?undergo?anytime?and?anywhere(?even?in?their?home?)?a?doping?control?this?right?is?definitely?violated.?Furthermore,many?legal?commentators?have?observed?that?anti-doping?rules?may?restrict? theright?of?an?athlete?to?a?fair?hearing?and?the?right?to?be?presumed?innocent?(?article6?par.2 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The first Olympic Games S. 36-39

„… atute)?in?the?eyes?of?the?orientalists?that?tried?to?experience?theroute?of?Lamartinos?and?the?other?foreign?tourists.13?countries?and?311?athletes?took?part?in?the?Games.?They?were?all?men.The?visitors?of?Athens …” „… .?Spyros?Louis,?a?water?seller?from?Marousi,?wonthe?gold?medal?in?Marathon.?The?U.S.?won?the?most?medals?in?total?and?the?athleteGarret?prevailed?in?many?events.?Approximately?60.000?visitors?flocked?in?Athensduring?those?days,?making?the?capital?of?the?Gr …” „… ticipated?as?one?nation?again.?In?addition?to?these?new?nations?on?the?Olympic?scenean?older?one?returned?to?the?Olympic?games?as?apartheid?was?abolished?in?SouthAfrica.?The?South?Africans?participated?again?for?the?first?time?since?1960.Approximately? 9,300?athletes? participated,? representing? 169?countries.? orespecifically …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The relation between the body and the city S. 25-26

„… first?Olympics?of?The?Unified?Europe?lead?to?a?reflection?about?the?contemporarydimension?of?the?claim?and?the?role?of?the?athlete …” „… mportance?that?the?city?attached?to?the?bodies?of?its?citizens.?In?Olympia,statutes?were?erected?for?the?athletes?and?in?the?basis?of?its?one?of?those?the?nameand?the?city?of?origin?of?the?respective?athlete …” „… ?The?classic?antiquity?placed?the?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The International Olympic Committee (IOC) S. 85-87

„… ),?the?Gamesare?competitions?between?athletes …” „… zation.Also,?the?IOC?attaches?great?importance?to?the?athletes,?the?heroes?of?the?Games.For?this?reason?it?has?undertaken?the?following?missions.?In?1981 …” „… ?1993.?It?is?an?international?court?that?deals?with?legal?mattersthat?concern?the?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sport and Competition Policy S. 187-191

„… which?the?athletes?train?are?quite?different?among?the?member-states?as?well.?In?thisfield? the?EC …” „… s?the?right?to?make?the?professional?athletes?undergo?some?supplementary?measures?(ability?test?or?orientation?period).?At?the?moment,?certain?proceduresare?being?carried?out?by?the?community?aiming?at?the?integration,?the?simplificationand?the? improvement?of?the?requirements?concerning?the?recognition?of?professional?qualifications.The …” „… ?a?direct?application?of?the?ECcompetition?rules?and?held?that?the?doping?regulation?does?not?involve?any?economic?objective.?It?stated?that?it?is?intended?to?preserve?the?noble?competition?andto?safeguard?the?health?of?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sport during the Medieval Age S. 29-30

„… SportThe?athlete?in?the?Olympics?represented?the?city-state?of?his?origins,?which?honoredhim?as?a?winner?after?the?Games.?The?athlete …” „… ’s?victory?was?equalized?to?a?citystate’s?victory.?For?this?reason,?the?conflicts?among?cities-states?ceased?during?theperiod?of?the?Games?(Olympic?Truce)?and?was?replaced?by?the?noble?competitionof?their?athletes …” „… ? century,?when?sport?promoted?socialheroes?and?became?a?symbol?of?making?the?athlete?a?personality?beyond?socialclasses.Sport from the Renaissance until the Age of …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Games of Barcelona S. 39-40

„… ticipated?as?one?nation?again.?In?addition?to?these?new?nations?on?the?Olympic?scenean?older?one?returned?to?the?Olympic?games?as?apartheid?was?abolished?in?SouthAfrica.?The?South?Africans?participated?again?for?the?first?time?since?1960.Approximately? 9,300?athletes? participated,? representing? 169?countries.? orespecifically …” „… ?169?national?committees?and?9356?athletes?(?2704?women?and?6652 …” „… e?Baltic?States?of?Estonia,?Latvia?and?Lithuania?had?their?own?teams.?Croatia,?Slovenia?and?Bosnia-Herzegovina?competed?as?independent?nations?after?separation?from?Yugoslavia.?Yugoslavia?was?banned?due?to?UN?sanctions,?but?individual?Yugoslav?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova General S. 134-135

„… ?Sportand?doping?were?originally?two?totally?opposite?terms.?Sport?has?been?always?considered?to?be?the?important?and?fair?attempt?of?an?athlete …” „… t?they?should?not?have,?it?is?dangerous?for?athletes?since?it?couldhave?a?detrimental?effect?on?their?health?and?it?totally?damages?the?integrity,?theimage,?the?values?and?the?spirit?of?the?sport,?which?are?based?on?fair?play.?Society,in?order?to?prevent?sport?losing?its?importance?has?tried?to?take?measures?against281 Mavromatis …” „… Later,?Egyptians?slaves?were?fed?with?elixirs?in?order?to?retrieve?stressand?in?Ancient?Greece,?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The prevalence of the Community law over the regulations of the sporting institutions S. 156-159

„… phasis?is?attached?on?the?social?approach?of?the?sporting?phenomenon,?the?fightingof?doping,?the?safeguarding?of?the?relation?between?athletes …” „… ?and?sporting?clubs,?theestablishment? of? the? fundamental? rights? for? the? athlete? and? the? sporting …” „… d?(giventhe?mobility?of?athletes)?to?the?fact?that?it?held?that?the?discrimination?on?a?nationalitybasis?which?limits?the?movement?of?persons?and?services?is?not?legal?even?in?thefield?of?the?sporting?activity.350The? first? sporting? case? that? “bothered”? the? ECJ,? the?Welrave351? case? of? the …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Games during the period of Homer S. 27

„… ?TheHomer?heroes/athletes …” „… ?were?mainly?warriors.?During?this?period,?as?was?mentioned“the?terms?sportsman?and?sporty?represented?the?necessary?relation?which?shouldexist?among?the?terms?competition,?recognition?and?reward”.?The?prevalence?inathletic?events?was?linked?to?the?brevity?and?the?corporal?dominance?and?corresponded?and?referred?to?the?semiology?of?the?athlete …” „… ?of?adoration,?they?evolved?to?a?holly?ground,?full?ofartistic?temples,?(The?temple?of?Jeus?was?the?greatest?one),?statutes?and?buildings.New?events?emerged?in?the?Games?and?new?building?were?erected?for?the?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova War and Sport S. 29

„… SportThe?athlete?in?the?Olympics?represented?the?city-state?of?his?origins,?which?honoredhim?as?a?winner?after?the?Games.?The?athlete …” „… ’s?victory?was?equalized?to?a?citystate’s?victory.?For?this?reason,?the?conflicts?among?cities-states?ceased?during?theperiod?of?the?Games?(Olympic?Truce)?and?was?replaced?by?the?noble?competitionof?their?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova From the Roman Empire to Theodosius S. 29

„… SportThe?athlete?in?the?Olympics?represented?the?city-state?of?his?origins,?which?honoredhim?as?a?winner?after?the?Games.?The?athlete …” „… ’s?victory?was?equalized?to?a?citystate’s?victory.?For?this?reason,?the?conflicts?among?cities-states?ceased?during?theperiod?of?the?Games?(Olympic?Truce)?and?was?replaced?by?the?noble?competitionof?their?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Community law and sport S. 149-152

„… ? focuses?onkeeping?sport?from?being?entirely?commercialized?and?on?safeguarding?the?basicrights?of?the?athletes?against?the?monopolies?created?by?the?federations.According?to?the?case?law?of?the?Court?of?Justice?of?the?European?Communities,sport?has?assumed?a?special?social?importance?in?the?Community322 …” „… rtance?of?sport?rendered?its?integration?in?therules?of?Community?law?indispensable.At?the?same?time,?the?law?of?the?European?Union?acknowledges?a?special?roleto?athletes?themselves.?Athletes …” „… ? the?relation?betweenathletes?and?sports?associations?and?of?equal?opportunities,?the?rationalization?ofnational?laws?for?the?safeguarding?of?the?basic?rights?of?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Ambushing strategies and examples S. 266-270

„… ?Los?Angeles?Olympic?Games?where?Converse?was?an?official?sponsor,?Nike?built?huge?murals?near?the?Los?Angeles?Coliseum?displaying?the?Nikelogo?and?several?athletes?wearing?Nike?sporting?clothes.In?the?1988 …” „… ,?Sydney,?ambush?marketing? incidents?were?again? there.?The?famousAustralian?athlete?of?400 …” „… Also,?Australian?airline?Ansett?were?the?official?partners?and?paid?a?fortune?forthe?right?to?be?so.?But?Qantas?ambushed.?Their?advertising?featured?some?of?Australia's?most?distinguished?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Siemens scandal S. 47-48

„… ?athletes,?morethan?any?other?organization.?It?also?hosted?the?greatest?number?of?women?athletes45 http://www.currybet.net/cbet_blog/2008/08/olympic_dissent_2004.php.48 …” „… ?Sydney?silver?medal?was?upgraded?to?gold?once?Marian?Joneshad?been?stripped?of?her?medal.?Both?athletes?served?a?two?year?suspension?formissing?three?drugs?tests?-?however?the?Greek?legal?system?moves?slowly,?and?theperjury?case?over?their?'accident'?remains?unresolved.44The …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Competition-Public Contracts and Olympics Games S. 195-196

„… ns,?the?non-local?limitation?ofclubs,?the?ban?on?organizing?games?outside?a?certain?territory,?the?regulatory?competence?of?the?sporting?events’?organizers,?the?transfer?systems?of?athletes?in?teamsports,?the?nationality?clauses,?the?selection?criteria?of?athletes,?the?agreements?pertaining? to? the? release? of? tickets? in?mega?events,? such?as …” „… )?and?no?exemptionof?agreements?violating?other?provisions?of?the?Treaty,?including?the?one?aboutthe?freedom?of?movements?of?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The adoration of the human body in the palaistras S. 26-27

„… ., The?Gymnasium.?An?institution?for?Athletics?and?Education,?in?National?Archeological?Museum,?Mind?and?Body,?Athletic?Contests?in?Ancient?Greece,?Athens,?1989,?p.?31.26The Games during the period of HomerDuring?the?Homer?period,? the?competition? in …” „… ?TheHomer?heroes/athletes …” „… ?were?mainly?warriors.?During?this?period,?as?was?mentioned“the?terms?sportsman?and?sporty?represented?the?necessary?relation?which?shouldexist?among?the?terms?competition,?recognition?and?reward”.?The?prevalence?inathletic?events?was?linked?to?the?brevity?and?the?corporal?dominance?and?corresponded?and?referred?to?the?semiology?of?the?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Games of the Classical era S. 27-28

„… ?TheHomer?heroes/athletes …” „… ?were?mainly?warriors.?During?this?period,?as?was?mentioned“the?terms?sportsman?and?sporty?represented?the?necessary?relation?which?shouldexist?among?the?terms?competition,?recognition?and?reward”.?The?prevalence?inathletic?events?was?linked?to?the?brevity?and?the?corporal?dominance?and?corresponded?and?referred?to?the?semiology?of?the?athlete …” „… ?of?adoration,?they?evolved?to?a?holly?ground,?full?ofartistic?temples,?(The?temple?of?Jeus?was?the?greatest?one),?statutes?and?buildings.New?events?emerged?in?the?Games?and?new?building?were?erected?for?the?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova City-state and sport S. 28-29

„… SportThe?athlete?in?the?Olympics?represented?the?city-state?of?his?origins,?which?honoredhim?as?a?winner?after?the?Games.?The?athlete …” „… ’s?victory?was?equalized?to?a?citystate’s?victory.?For?this?reason,?the?conflicts?among?cities-states?ceased?during?theperiod?of?the?Games?(Olympic?Truce)?and?was?replaced?by?the?noble?competitionof?their?athletes …” „… th?century?the?emergence?of?the?first?cities-states?affected?the?spot?evolution?as?well.?Various?systems?of?sporting?education?were?developed?in?each?citystate?and?included?athletic?exercises,?musical?education,?writing?and?reading.?ASlong?as? there?had?been?aristrocratical? regimes,? the?education?was?aiming?at …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sport, Freedom of movement, mutual recognition and right of establishment S. 186-187

„… tition?rules?regarding?the?matter?oftransfers.The?rules?governing?the?freedom?of?movement?do?not?only?concern?the?professional?athletes …” „… which?the?athletes?train?are?quite?different?among?the?member-states?as?well.?In?thisfield? the?EC? law? remains? silent,? imposes? no? harmonization? and? recognizes …” „… s?the?right?to?make?the?professional?athletes?undergo?some?supplementary?measures?(ability?test?or?orientation?period).?At?the?moment,?certain?proceduresare?being?carried?out?by?the?community?aiming?at?the?integration,?the?simplificationand?the? improvement?of?the?requirements?concerning?the?recognition?of?professional?qualifications.The …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova EC law, Mass Media and Sport S. 193-195

„… ns,?the?non-local?limitation?ofclubs,?the?ban?on?organizing?games?outside?a?certain?territory,?the?regulatory?competence?of?the?sporting?events’?organizers,?the?transfer?systems?of?athletes?in?teamsports,?the?nationality?clauses,?the?selection?criteria?of?athletes,?the?agreements?pertaining? to? the? release? of? tickets? in?mega?events,? such?as …” „… )?and?no?exemptionof?agreements?violating?other?provisions?of?the?Treaty,?including?the?one?aboutthe?freedom?of?movements?of?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-12

„… The?constructed?body?of?the?athlete 34Is?there?an?ideal?body? 35Chapter?2 36 …” „… ? 145Unfair?advantage 145Protection?of?athlete’s?health 146The?image?of?sport 147Final?Remarks 147 …” „… Sport,?Freedom?of?movement,?mutual?recognition?and?right?ofestablishment 186Sport?and?Competition?Policy 187Freedom?of?the?athlete’s?establishment 191 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Doping S. 134

„… ?Sportand?doping?were?originally?two?totally?opposite?terms.?Sport?has?been?always?considered?to?be?the?important?and?fair?attempt?of?an?athlete …” „… t?they?should?not?have,?it?is?dangerous?for?athletes?since?it?couldhave?a?detrimental?effect?on?their?health?and?it?totally?damages?the?integrity,?theimage,?the?values?and?the?spirit?of?the?sport,?which?are?based?on?fair?play.?Society,in?order?to?prevent?sport?losing?its?importance?has?tried?to?take?measures?against281 Mavromatis …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The effect of the Bosman judgment in the Olympic movement rules S. 159-163

„… The?regulatory?autonomy?of?sport?was?challenged?before?the?ECJ?on?the?occasionof?the?Bosman?case,?where?the?Court?clarified?the?relation?between?the?freedom?ofassociation?and?the?EC?rules.?In?this?ruling?the?status?of?the?athlete …” „… rulesThe?Bosman?judgment?has?been?crucial?for?the?interrelation?of?the?autonomy?ofsporting?associations?and?the?EC?legal?order?as?well?as?pivotal?for?the?relation?amongthe?rules?of?every?different?system.The?rules?about?the?athletes …” „… and?also?safeguarded?the?athletes’?rights?in?the?EC?Treaty?framework.?On?the?occasion? of? this? case,? the?ECJ? studied? the? entire? organizational? structure? of …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Cassandras which were denied S. 48-49

„… ?athletes,?morethan?any?other?organization.?It?also?hosted?the?greatest?number?of?women?athletes45 http://www.currybet.net/cbet_blog/2008/08/olympic_dissent_2004.php.48ever.?202 …” „… e?organization?regarding?security?matters.The?city?got?full?of?cameras,?which?remained?even?after?the?end?of?the?Games?andmade?the?life?of?the?citizens?a?scene?for?television?broadcasting.In 2008 the world athletic society is hosted to Beijing. The importance of the Asiancontinent and the …” „… ,? HumanGames”.?Obviously,?the?appointment?of?the?Olympics?to?a?certain?place?has?thepossibility?to?bring?changes?which?seem?to?be?impossible,?something?which?makesclear?that?the?Olympics?are?much?more?than?a?mere?athletic …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Non-judicial protection against ambush marketing S. 280-282

„… ition?prizes;?sponsoring?individual?athletes …” „… ?or?restricting?therights?they?may?grant?to?their?own?sponsors?(i.e.?restricting?what?they?may?wear?orcarry,?or?prohibiting?their?name?or?image?to?be?used?in?any?advertising?during?theevent);?acquiring?a?broad?portfolio?of?sponsorship?rights?across?all?major?stakeholder?groups?(such?as?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Olympic Charter S. 83-85

„… ,? the?Olympic?Charter?comprises?now?provisions?with?economic?expansions,?such?as?the?regime?of?sponsorship,?the?athletes …” „… ),?the?Gamesare?competitions?between?athletes …” „… ttee?of?Athletic?Spirit?was?an?expressionof?Olympism.?This?Committee?introduced?the?concept?of?the?sporting?fun?and?theprinciples?of?Olympism,?imposing?severe?penalties?on?the?violators.The?Greek?legal?order?seems?to?respect?particularly?any?reference?to?the?Olympism? and? to? deprecate? any? possibly? underestimation? of? it,? as? by? the? judgment …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Community Law involvement in sport and Olympic Games S. 154-156

„… phasis?is?attached?on?the?social?approach?of?the?sporting?phenomenon,?the?fightingof?doping,?the?safeguarding?of?the?relation?between?athletes?and?sporting?clubs,?theestablishment? of? the? fundamental? rights? for? the? athlete? and? the? sporting …” „… t.?Ever?since,many?athletic?programs?were?carried?out?by?the?EU?and?also?a?great?participationon?various?sporting?organizations?was?noticed.?Athletic?project?of?community?dimension?(Eurathlon)?and?activities?of?the?promotion?of?sport?for?people?with?specialtalents?were? subsidized?between?1995?and?1998.?The?Community?presented …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova EC law and 2004 Olympic Games S. 178-181

„… triction?to?the?private?character?of?the?sporting?phenomenon,?because?of?the?freedom?of?establishment?and?movement,?which?has?vitaleffects?on?status?of?the?athlete …” „… .?Ithelps?in?learning?how?to?live?in?a?society?and?how?to?be?incorporated?in?a?group.?Italso?promotes?values,?such?as?respect?of?others?(co-athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sustainable development according to the Olympic Charter and the Host City Contract S. 114-117

„… ?which?the?athletes?are?the?defenders?of?nature?and?promote?public?beauty(beau?public)?together?with?public?good?(bien?public),?namely?natural?and?aestheticperfection,?together?with?the?moral?perfection?of?the?world226.Equally?important?to?understand?the …” „… odern?cityis?a?violent?place,?which?reverberates?the?ecological?crisis,?and?where?the?body?isbound?by?modern?urban?activities?and?institutional?conventions,?the?ecological?cityof?the?Olympic?Movement?recreates?the?space?for?the?human?body?and?the?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The dialectic relation between the Olympic Charter and the legal order of the Host City – The legal nature of the Olympic Charter S. 213-216

„… he?Constitution?the?restriction?of?the?athletes …” „… ?of?the?Council?of?State?specifically?states:?‘In?view?of?thisconstitutional?provision,?the?law?1958/91?entitled?“Section?of?remunerated?athletes,?sportssociétés?anonymes?etc.”?(A??122 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Bibliography S. 285-299

„… T.,?The?position?of?an?athlete?in?ambush?marketing,?in?International?Sports?Law?Review/Pandektis,?Vol.6:3-4,?2006Jones M..?Sports?Law.?Upper?Saddle?River,?NJ:?Prentice-Hall,?1999.,Kaiser …” „… G.,?Doping?and?fundamental?rights?of?athletes:?comments?in?the?wake?of?adoption?of?the?World?anti-doping?Code,?in?ISLR?2003.Robertson G.,?Freedom,?The?Individual?and?the?Law,?Penguin?Books,?London?1989.Roche …” „… L.,?Statut?Juridique?des?participants?aux?jeux?Olympiques,?in?Klamaris/Bredimas/Malatos,Olympic?Games?and?Law,?Ant.N.Sakkoulas?Publcations,?Athens-Komotini,?2003,?BaroutasK.,? The? nationality? of? the? athlete? of? the? Olympic? Games,? in? Lex …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Special legislation introduced by the hosting states S. 272-280

„… T.,?The?position?of?an?athlete?in?ambush?marketing,?in?International?Sports?LawReview/Pandektis,?Vol.6:3-4,?2006.607 Merchandise?Marks?Amendment?Act?2002.608 Article?5,?no.6.275competition?venues?but …” „… T.,?The?position?of?an?athlete?in?ambush?marketing,?in?International?Sports?LawReview/Pandektis,?Vol.6:3-4,?2006.611 Dore P.,?Running?around?the?Olympics,?in?Entertainment?Law?Review,?2006.277 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Is there an ideal body? S. 35

„… body.?The?Olympic?movement?in?no?uncertain?terms?denies?and?convicts?the?constructed?athlete …” „… ?excess).?This?issue?is?quite?severe?taking?into?account?that?theconstructed?bodies?constitute?quite?often?originals?which?are?promoted?by?the?internet?and?the?mass?media?at?an?international?level.3535 Mihalich J. C.,?Sports?and?Athletics:?Philosophy?in?Action? ,?Littlefield?Adams,?Totowa,1982 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sporting Games and the theory of the Games S. 17

„… GamesThe?theory?of?Games?includes?both?the?sporting?games?and?the?historical?games.In?these?games?the?athlete?is?starring,?as?a?body-symbol?of?the?human?being?whoexceeds?his?personal?and?natural?destine?within?the?historical?juncture.The Game with its rules-tests of legal …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Game with its rules-tests of legal pluralism S. 17

„… GamesThe?theory?of?Games?includes?both?the?sporting?games?and?the?historical?games.In?these?games?the?athlete?is?starring,?as?a?body-symbol?of?the?human?being?whoexceeds?his?personal?and?natural?destine?within?the?historical?juncture.The Game with its rules-tests of legal …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Greek sprinters scandal S. 47

„… ?Sydney?silver?medal?was?upgraded?to?gold?once?Marian?Joneshad?been?stripped?of?her?medal.?Both?athletes?served?a?two?year?suspension?formissing?three?drugs?tests?-?however?the?Greek?legal?system?moves?slowly,?and?theperjury?case?over?their?'accident'?remains?unresolved.44The …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Vodafone scandal S. 47

„… ?Sydney?silver?medal?was?upgraded?to?gold?once?Marian?Joneshad?been?stripped?of?her?medal.?Both?athletes?served?a?two?year?suspension?formissing?three?drugs?tests?-?however?the?Greek?legal?system?moves?slowly,?and?theperjury?case?over?their?'accident'?remains?unresolved.44The …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Extent and application S. 251

„… ?legacy,?benefiting?sport,?theenvironment?and?the?local?and?global?community.The?Olympic?Park?will?be?a?showcase?for?the?world's?greatest?athletes?and?forthe?spectators?from?every?nation?who?will?cheer?them?on?but?also?for?the?environment?and?local?communities?The?500-acre?site?will?be?transformed?from?being?one544 S. 36.3.545 S. 36.4.546 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Special EU law Issues S. 186

„… tition?rules?regarding?the?matter?oftransfers.The?rules?governing?the?freedom?of?movement?do?not?only?concern?the?professional?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The image of sport S. 147

„… ?The?athlete?should?be?responsible?for?the?substances?found314 Ioannidis G,?the?criminalization?of?doping?in?sport,?in?ISLR?2002.315 Cox N.,?ibid.316 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The particular attributes of the Olympic organization – An autonomous legislative framework for the Olympic Games S. 60

„… l?character,?the?fundamental?relation?between?sport?andthe?city,?the?self-determination?of?sport?through?private?law?associations,?as?wellas?the?relation?between?the?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Olympic Games S. 85

„… ),?the?Gamesare?competitions?between?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sport and social politic S. 203-204

„… ? andconsidered?as?a?path?to?a?career.?This?is?part?of?the?scene?today?and?the?sporting?andsocial? success? of?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Regional Development Agencies S. 250-251

„… ?legacy,?benefiting?sport,?theenvironment?and?the?local?and?global?community.The?Olympic?Park?will?be?a?showcase?for?the?world's?greatest?athletes?and?forthe?spectators?from?every?nation?who?will?cheer?them?on?but?also?for?the?environment?and?local?communities?The?500-acre?site?will?be?transformed?from?being?one544 S. 36.3.545 S. 36.4.546 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Athens: the first European Host City in the European Territory S. 46-47

„… ?Sydney?silver?medal?was?upgraded?to?gold?once?Marian?Joneshad?been?stripped?of?her?medal.?Both?athletes?served?a?two?year?suspension?formissing?three?drugs?tests?-?however?the?Greek?legal?system?moves?slowly,?and?theperjury?case?over?their?'accident'?remains?unresolved.44The …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sport and New technologies S. 202-203

„… ? andconsidered?as?a?path?to?a?career.?This?is?part?of?the?scene?today?and?the?sporting?andsocial? success? of?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova General S. 258-259

„… ? international?understandingand?inspiring?people?to?reach?higher?and?further?while?growing?stronger?in?mindand?body.?It?has?to?be?pointed?out?that?the?participants?should?be?strictly?amateurs.No?professional?athlete …” „… .?He?took?his?inspiration?from?the?then?symbol?of?the?Union?desSociétés?Françaises?de?Sports?Athlétiques?which?was?two?simple?interlocked?rings.The?symbol?of?interlocking?blue,?black,?red,?yellow?and?green?rings?on?a?whitebackground?was?officially?unveiled?on?50?flags?greeting?those?attending?at?the …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The importance of sporting events for the international procedures S. 16-17

„… GamesThe?theory?of?Games?includes?both?the?sporting?games?and?the?historical?games.In?these?games?the?athlete?is?starring,?as?a?body-symbol?of?the?human?being?whoexceeds?his?personal?and?natural?destine?within?the?historical?juncture.The Game with its rules-tests of legal …” „… ?symbolic?choice?which?led?to?the?return?of?USSR?and?of?the?othersocial?countries?to?the?Olympic?Movement.?Cities-symbols?and?times?of?crisis?provethat?the?Olympics?are?something?much?more?than?a?mere?sporting?event?and?furtherthat?sport?is?something?more?than?athletic?performances?of?certain?people.1The?year?2008 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sport from the Renaissance until the Age of Enlightenment S. 30-31

„… ? century,?when?sport?promoted?socialheroes?and?became?a?symbol?of?making?the?athlete?a?personality?beyond?socialclasses.Sport from the Renaissance until the Age of …” „… ),?a?seriesof?scholars?illustrates?how?great?athletic …” „… ? sportrecords?were?written?down?(«recorded»)?during?an?athletic?meet?between?the?universities?Cambridge?and?Oxford?in?1868.Around?the? turn?of? the?Century,?due? to? improved?communication?systems …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Towards a formation of European perception on sport. S. 177-178

„… munity?freedoms.This?leads,?though,?to?the?restriction?to?the?private?character?of?the?sporting?phenomenon,?because?of?the?freedom?of?establishment?and?movement,?which?has?vitaleffects?on?status?of?the?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The interest of modern states in sport S. 59-60

„… l?character,?the?fundamental?relation?between?sport?andthe?city,?the?self-determination?of?sport?through?private?law?associations,?as?wellas?the?relation?between?the?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The legal status of the Olympic organization and the legislative framework of sport S. 60-61

„… l?character,?the?fundamental?relation?between?sport?andthe?city,?the?self-determination?of?sport?through?private?law?associations,?as?wellas?the?relation?between?the?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Olympic truce in effect S. 130-131

„… ,?it?is?believedthat?the?respective?NCOs?should?be?told?in?no?uncertain?terms?that?any?deviationof? the? truce?would? lead? to? the? disqualification? of? the? athletes? of? the …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova General S. 263-264

„… ?Games?mainly?because?of?the?support?of?the?sponsors?Coca-Cola?andCNN.?There?are?different?kinds?of?sport?sponsorship?contacts.?The?sponsorship?ofan?individual?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The consequences of the effect of the rules of the Olympic Charter for the Host City Contract and its relation with the legislation of the host country S. 216-217

„… ?of?the?Council?of?State?specifically?states:?‘In?view?of?thisconstitutional?provision,?the?law?1958/91?entitled?“Section?of?remunerated?athletes,?sportssociétés?anonymes?etc.”?(A??122 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Ad hoc section (ADH) S. 99-100

„… Now,?in?order?to?take?part?in?the?Games,?all?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova CAS and ECHR S. 100-101

„… es,?all?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Section 10: Olympic Transport Plan S. 238-240

„… ,? the?use?ofOlympic?lanes?(which?will?facilitate?the?travel?of?athletes?and?other?accredited?persons?between?Olympic?venues)?and?the?imposition?of?parking?and?waiting?restrictions.483?When?making?a?traffic?regulation?order,?the?ODA?has?to?comply?with?thesam …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The contemporary exercising body S. 31-33

„… le-much?bigger?compared?to?politics?for?instance-interest?whichis?still?rising.?Indeed,?the?endearment?to?an?athlete …” „… ? sportrecords?were?written?down?(«recorded»)?during?an?athletic?meet?between?the?universities?Cambridge?and?Oxford?in?1868.Around?the? turn?of? the?Century,?due? to? improved?communication?systems …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Security in the Barcelona Games S. 40-42

„… ? systemswere?assigned?to?the?Catelonian?government?and?Department?of?Public?Safety.Due?to?the?locations?of?the?venues,?training?sites,?athletes’?village?and?officialhotels,?the?National?Police?had?responsibility?for?about?80??of?the?Olympic?facilities? security.? The? Guardia? Civil? had? jurisdiction? at? the …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Potential avenues of a more effective revival S. 131-133

„… ,?it?is?believedthat?the?respective?NCOs?should?be?told?in?no?uncertain?terms?that?any?deviationof? the? truce?would? lead? to? the? disqualification? of? the? athletes? of? the …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sustainability S. 251-253

„… ?legacy,?benefiting?sport,?theenvironment?and?the?local?and?global?community.The?Olympic?Park?will?be?a?showcase?for?the?world's?greatest?athletes?and?forthe?spectators?from?every?nation?who?will?cheer?them?on?but?also?for?the?environment?and?local?communities?The?500-acre?site?will?be?transformed?from?being?one544 S. 36.3.545 S. 36.4.546 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The relation between the EC law and the Olympic movement rules S. 163-165

„… t?is?intended?to?preserve?the?noble?competition?and?to?safeguard?the?health?of?athletes …” „… ? thereanything?that?can?be?considered?to?be?“of?purely?sporting?interest”?nowadays??Under?the?contemporary?commercialization?of?sport,?even?the?rules?of?disqualifyingathletes?in?athletics …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The legislative regulation of sport in the Greek legal order S. 207-209

„… ? peculiarstatus?of?athletes?and?the?regulation?of?the?status?of?sport?and?of?disputes?thereofthrough?specialized?rules?and?institutions.?The?last?provision?of?Law?2725/1999depicts?the?transition?of?sport?from?amateur?to?professional?and?its?economic?exploi …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sponsorship S. 264-266

„… ?Games?mainly?because?of?the?support?of?the?sponsors?Coca-Cola?andCNN.?There?are?different?kinds?of?sport?sponsorship?contacts.?The?sponsorship?ofan?individual?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The challenge of the first European Olympic Games S. 51-54

„… ?the?protection?of?thephysical?and?moral?integrity?of?the?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Addendum S. 165-167

„… K.,?The?nationality?of?the?athlete?of?the?Olympic?Games,?in:?LexSportiva? Vol.4(2005),? Ant.N.Sakkoulas? Publications,? Athens-Komotini,?Moustaira …” „… ? thereanything?that?can?be?considered?to?be?“of?purely?sporting?interest”?nowadays??Under?the?contemporary?commercialization?of?sport,?even?the?rules?of?disqualifyingathletes?in?athletics …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The protection of the human rights as a major objective of the Olympic Games S. 106-108

„… ? theunderstanding?and?enhance?the?trust?and?friendship?among?the?people?of?different?countries.We?will?always?give?first?consideration?to?the?need?of?people,?especially?the?athletes …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The commercialization of the Games and the early violations. S. 259-262

„… ? international?understandingand?inspiring?people?to?reach?higher?and?further?while?growing?stronger?in?mindand?body.?It?has?to?be?pointed?out?that?the?participants?should?be?strictly?amateurs.No?professional?athlete …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Advertising-Trading S. 240-244

„… ,? the?use?ofOlympic?lanes?(which?will?facilitate?the?travel?of?athletes?and?other?accredited?persons?between?Olympic?venues)?and?the?imposition?of?parking?and?waiting?restrictions.483?When?making?a?traffic?regulation?order,?the?ODA?has?to?comply?with?thesam …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova In 2008 the world athletic society is hosted to Beijing. The importance of the Asian continent and the human rights crisis S. 49-50

„… e?organization?regarding?security?matters.The?city?got?full?of?cameras,?which?remained?even?after?the?end?of?the?Games?andmade?the?life?of?the?citizens?a?scene?for?television?broadcasting.In 2008 the world athletic society is hosted to Beijing. The importance of the Asiancontinent and the …” „… ,? HumanGames”.?Obviously,?the?appointment?of?the?Olympics?to?a?certain?place?has?thepossibility?to?bring?changes?which?seem?to?be?impossible,?something?which?makesclear?that?the?Olympics?are?much?more?than?a?mere?athletic …” „… .?In?the?framework?of?an?ideology?whichembodies?the?principles?of?the?Enlightenment?and?the?organization?through?rules,sport?as?part?of?the?international?athletic?movement?is?being?expanded/spread?systematically?and?with?the?frequency?of?every?four?years?which?follow?the?4?yearcircles?of?democracy,?promotes?its?positions?in?stadia?full?of?spectators.46 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova List of Key Abbreviations S. 13-14

„… International?Association?of?Athletics?FederationsIASL International?Association?of?Sports?LawIFA Irish?Football?Association?(Belfast)IOC …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The hosting of the Games, the regulations and the institutions S. 15-16

„… ?symbolic?choice?which?led?to?the?return?of?USSR?and?of?the?othersocial?countries?to?the?Olympic?Movement.?Cities-symbols?and?times?of?crisis?provethat?the?Olympics?are?something?much?more?than?a?mere?sporting?event?and?furtherthat?sport?is?something?more?than?athletic?performances?of?certain?people.1The?year?2008 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The historical evolution of the Olympic Games; S. 26

„… ., The?Gymnasium.?An?institution?for?Athletics?and?Education,?in?National?Archeological?Museum,?Mind?and?Body,?Athletic?Contests?in?Ancient?Greece,?Athens,?1989,?p.?31.26 …” „… y?and?spirit,?an?object?of?passion?and?inspiration?and?wasequalized?to?the?Gods’?body.?The?athletic?exercise,?the?music?and?the?dance?constituted?the?essence?of?the?classical?Greek?education.?The?ideal?of?the?symmetricdevelopment?of?body?and?soul?led?to?the?necessity?for?creation?of?organized?placesof?sporting?exercise,?the?gymnasia.33 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The body from the classic antiquity to the Age of Enlightenment S. 26

„… ., The?Gymnasium.?An?institution?for?Athletics?and?Education,?in?National?Archeological?Museum,?Mind?and?Body,?Athletic?Contests?in?Ancient?Greece,?Athens,?1989,?p.?31.26 …” „… y?and?spirit,?an?object?of?passion?and?inspiration?and?wasequalized?to?the?Gods’?body.?The?athletic?exercise,?the?music?and?the?dance?constituted?the?essence?of?the?classical?Greek?education.?The?ideal?of?the?symmetricdevelopment?of?body?and?soul?led?to?the?necessity?for?creation?of?organized?placesof?sporting?exercise,?the?gymnasia.33 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Pan-Hellenic Games S. 28

„… th?century?the?emergence?of?the?first?cities-states?affected?the?spot?evolution?as?well.?Various?systems?of?sporting?education?were?developed?in?each?citystate?and?included?athletic?exercises,?musical?education,?writing?and?reading.?ASlong?as? there?had?been?aristrocratical? regimes,? the?education?was?aiming?at …” „… ?musical?and?athletic …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Sport and liberalism S. 31

„… ? sportrecords?were?written?down?(«recorded»)?during?an?athletic?meet?between?the?universities?Cambridge?and?Oxford?in?1868.Around?the? turn?of? the?Century,?due? to? improved?communication?systems …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The London 2012 Olympics S. 50-51

„… .?In?the?framework?of?an?ideology?whichembodies?the?principles?of?the?Enlightenment?and?the?organization?through?rules,sport?as?part?of?the?international?athletic?movement?is?being?expanded/spread?systematically?and?with?the?frequency?of?every?four?years?which?follow?the?4?yearcircles?of?democracy,?promotes?its?positions?in?stadia?full?of?spectators.46 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Violence and Sport in International Treaties-The Council of Europe position S. 66-69

„… D.,? International?Athletic?and?Olympic?Institutions? (In?Greek),?NomikiVivliothiki,?Athens,?2007 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Olympism S. 82-83

„… ?pertaining?tothe?control?of?sporting?morals?by?the?Committee?of?Athletic?Spirit?was?an?expressionof?Olympism.?This?Committee?introduced?the?concept?of?the?sporting?fun?and?theprinciples?of?Olympism,?imposing?severe?penalties?on?the?violators.The?Greek?legal?order?seems?to?respect?particularly?any?reference?to?the?Olympism? and? to? deprecate …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The International Federations (IFs) S. 87

„… (IFs)Aiming?at?embracing?the?whole?athletic …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The National Olympic Committees (NOCs) S. 87-88

„… (IFs)Aiming?at?embracing?the?whole?athletic …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova General S. 120-121

„… cs?was?a?little?bit?loose.Besides,?in?Ancient?Greece?all?the?athletic?games?were?linked?with?the?temporaryinhibition?of?the?armed?conflicts.?According?to?Homer242?when?Patroklos?died?andAchilles?organized?games? to?honour?him,?Greeks …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The ancient truce S. 121

„… cs?was?a?little?bit?loose.Besides,?in?Ancient?Greece?all?the?athletic?games?were?linked?with?the?temporaryinhibition?of?the?armed?conflicts.?According?to?Homer242?when?Patroklos?died?andAchilles?organized?games? to?honour?him,?Greeks …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The foundation of the truce S. 121

„… cs?was?a?little?bit?loose.Besides,?in?Ancient?Greece?all?the?athletic?games?were?linked?with?the?temporaryinhibition?of?the?armed?conflicts.?According?to?Homer242?when?Patroklos?died?andAchilles?organized?games? to?honour?him,?Greeks …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Procedure of declaration-heralds S. 121-122

„… cs?was?a?little?bit?loose.Besides,?in?Ancient?Greece?all?the?athletic?games?were?linked?with?the?temporaryinhibition?of?the?armed?conflicts.?According?to?Homer242?when?Patroklos?died?andAchilles?organized?games? to?honour?him,?Greeks …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The importance of the truce S. 123-124

„… ociations?in?France?and?abroad,?making?known?the?proceedings?of?an?International?Athletic?Conference.?The?most?important?part?of?this?circular?was?the?sense253 Giannakis,?op?cit.254 Giannaki/Giannakis,?op?cit.255 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova The Olympic Truce in the modern era S. 124

„… ociations?in?France?and?abroad,?making?known?the?proceedings?of?an?International?Athletic?Conference.?The?most?important?part?of?this?circular?was?the?sense253 Giannakis,?op?cit.254 Giannaki/Giannakis,?op?cit.255 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Ideological background S. 124-127

„… ociations?in?France?and?abroad,?making?known?the?proceedings?of?an?International?Athletic?Conference.?The?most?important?part?of?this?circular?was?the?sense253 Giannakis,?op?cit.254 Giannaki/Giannakis,?op?cit.255 …” „… diplomatic convention. Well,I hope that athletics will do even more. 261 …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova European law and Olympic Games S. 152-154

„… t.?Ever?since,many?athletic?programs?were?carried?out?by?the?EU?and?also?a?great?participationon?various?sporting?organizations?was?noticed.?Athletic?project?of?community?dimension?(Eurathlon)?and?activities?of?the?promotion?of?sport?for?people?with?specialtalents?were? subsidized?between?1995?and?1998.?The?Community?presented …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Special Issues-Olympics, IP Protection and Broadcasting Rights S. 258

„… .?He?took?his?inspiration?from?the?then?symbol?of?the?Union?desSociétés?Françaises?de?Sports?Athlétiques?which?was?two?simple?interlocked?rings.The?symbol?of?interlocking?blue,?black,?red,?yellow?and?green?rings?on?a?whitebackground?was?officially?unveiled?on?50?flags?greeting?those?attending?at?the …”

Vangelis Alexandrakis, Panagiotis Skouris, Eleni Trova Protection of the Olympic Insignia-Ambush Marketing S. 258

„… .?He?took?his?inspiration?from?the?then?symbol?of?the?Union?desSociétés?Françaises?de?Sports?Athlétiques?which?was?two?simple?interlocked?rings.The?symbol?of?interlocking?blue,?black,?red,?yellow?and?green?rings?on?a?whitebackground?was?officially?unveiled?on?50?flags?greeting?those?attending?at?the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845233499

Timo Schöber, Andreas Schaetzke - Athleten im E-Sport

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Timo Schöber, Andreas Schaetzke

Athleten im E-Sport

2021

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Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-7

„… _Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 1 24.11.20 09:35 Das vorliegende Buch wurde sorgfältig erarbeitet. Dennoch erfolgen alle …” „… Entwicklungen Timo Schöber I Andreas Schaetzke 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd …” „… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 3 24.11.20 09:35 Athleten im E-Sport Bibliografische Information …”

Der Profispieler S. 60-79

„… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 60 24.11.20 09:35 Der Profispieler 61 ist das Verhältnis von …” „… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 61 24.11.20 09:35 Athleten im E-Sport 62 Überdies sind vielerlei …” „… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 62 24.11.20 09:35 Der Profispieler 63 offen und teilweise auch in …”

Vergleich von Fußball und E-Sport S. 96-110

„… _Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 96 24.11.20 09:35 Vergleich von Fußball und E-Sport 97 Eines Tages kommt zu einem Spiel der …” „… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 97 24.11.20 09:35 Athleten im E-Sport 98 Sein Bruder, „der kleine …” „… tun haben. 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 98 24.11.20 09:35 …”

Der Einstieg in den E-Sport als Spieler S. 35-49

„… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 35 24.11.20 09:35 Athleten im E-Sport 36 Bei den Shootern wiederum …” „… unterschiedlichen Plattformen zu beachten ist. 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 36 …” „… bemängeln. Amateurligen sind 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 37 24.11.20 …”

Generationen von Spielern S. 16-34

„… , Medienpräsenz und Professionalität. 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 16 …” „… (Mehrspieler) 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 17 24.11.20 09:35 Athleten im …” „… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 18 24.11.20 09:35 Generationen von Spielern 19 Auch finden sich die …”

Amateure und Semiprofis – Die ersten Schritte als Wettbewerbsspieler S. 50-59

„… allem, was dazugehört: 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 50 24.11.20 …” „… Sportler zum Beispiel auf die Abwehr, das 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd …” „… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 52 24.11.20 09:35 Amateure und Semiprofis – Die ersten Schritte als …”

Probleme von Profispielern S. 80-90

„… _Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 80 24.11.20 09:35 Probleme von Profispielern 81 ter Spieler der Gegenwart gilt. Anfangs war s1 …” „… stellen aber die absolute Ausnahme dar. 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd …” „… stimmen. Im Grunde sind Teams in Shootern 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd …”

Einleitung S. 8-15

„… ist E-Sport 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 8 24.11.20 09:35 …” „… US-Dollar.4 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 9 24.11.20 09:35 Athleten im …” „… . 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 10 24.11.20 09:35 Einleitung 11 Der …”

Blick in die Zukunft S. 111-115

„… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 111 24.11.20 09:35 Athleten im E-Sport 112 Durch die hohe …” „… nordamerikanischen Sport kennen. Das 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 112 24.11.20 …” „… _Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 113 24.11.20 09:35 Athleten im E-Sport 114 10.3 Chancen und Möglichkeiten Der E-Sport-Markt …”

Spielervermarktung S. 91-93

„… absolute Ausnahme. 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 91 24.11.20 09:35 …” „… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 92 24.11.20 09:35 Spielervermarktung 93 Außerdem nimmt die Relevanz …” „… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 93 24.11.20 09:35 …”

Fußnoten S. 116-117

„… tYlhKJekk9q_P8nw. 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 116 24.11.20 09:35 …” „… / tournaments. 20_11_16_Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 117 24.11.20 09:35 …” „… 116 11. Fußnoten 1 Vgl. Timo Schöber, Bildschirm-Athleten, Seite 32, Norderstedt, Books on Demand …”

Bildnachweis S. 118

„… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 118 24.11.20 09:35 …” „… Athleten im E-Sport 118 Bildnachweis Coverfotos: © dpa picture alliance, PENTA, eSports Nord e. V …”

Preisgelder und Einnahmen S. 94-95

„… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 94 24.11.20 09:35 Preisgelder und Einnahmen 95 US-Dollar an …” „… _Innenteil_Esportpedia_Band_1_Athleten_im_E-Sport.indd 95 24.11.20 09:35 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783840313875

Shaun M. Anderson - The Black Athlete Revolt

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Shaun M. Anderson

The Black Athlete Revolt

2023

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Chapter Two. All Lives Matter! Well, Except . . . S. 25-44

„… that of Black college athletes.Starting in the late 1980s, many people recognized the increasing …” „… example, student-athletes are often advised to take courses that fit around their athletic schedules …” „… 25As mentioned previously, athlete activism was in a period of dormancy from the early 1980s to the …”

Chapter Four. We Want Reform S. 65-88

„… amateur status of college athletes.Five years later, California senators Nancy Skinner, Scott Wilk, and …” „… college athletics’ major governing body. Lastly, this ruling has established a platform for Black athletes …” „… the athletics department that enriches the development of Black athletes and expanding the ranks of …”

Chapter Five. The Sport Justice Movement S. 89-118

„… team, which was formed by USC athletics, works to increase scholarships for Black athletes not on full …” „… global society.What is being recognized now is that Black athlete activism in the age of Black Lives …” „… currently affect the goals of true so-cial change. In speaking with current and former athletes, lawyers …”

Preface

„… (cloth) | ISBN 9781538153253 (epub) Subjects: LCSH: African American athletes—Political activity …” „… The Black Athlete RevoltThe Black Athlete RevoltThe Sport Justice Movement in the Age of …” „… Cataloging-in-Publication DataNames: Anderson, Shaun M., 1983– author. Title: The Black athlete revolt : the sport justice …”

Chapter One. Sport and Politics: An Unholy Matrimony S. 1-24

„… from the fights would go to other Black athletes.Unconvinced that the compromise would lead to true …” „… avenue for entertaining the masses. They further suggest that the athletes who engage in these acts of …” „… white person versus Black athlete issue. For decades, Black athletes have expressed their discontent …”

Notes S. 137-148

„… /athletes-and-activism-the-long-defiant-history-of-sports-protests.10. Emmitt L. Gill Jr., “Hands Up, Don’t Shoot or Shut Up and Play Ball? Fan -Generated Media …” „… , 2021, https://www .biography.com/athlete/arthur-ashe.24. Devika Pawar, “Nike Air Jordan’s Journey from …” „… Student-Athletes Still Face Harsh Inequities,” Diverse Education, March 11, 2018 …”

Chapter Three. United We Stand, Divided We Kneel S. 45-64

„… reached a breaking point. For one athlete, the reaction to his frustrations challenged the very fabric …” „… after, athletes from other sports and at various levels were all showing solidarity toward Kaepernick by …” „… , everyday citizens had different opinions.While athletes from across the country were standing in solidarity …”

Index S. 149-154

„… , 93Arum, Bob, 20Ashe, Arthur, 22Athlete activism, xv, 22, 24–27, 59, 78–79, 86, 88–89, 116Athlete Ally …” „… , 87athlete unions, 92Austin, Tavon, 34Australia Human Rights Institute, 87back-to-Africa movement, 5 …” „… : children, 24; college athletes, 25–26, 30, 40–41, 81–84, 92, 97, 103; Georgians, 77; jockeys, 2–3; leaders …”

Bibliography S. 119-136

„… /2021/02/26/zlatan-ibrahimovic-lebron-james-lakers -athlete-activism-politics.Janken, Kenneth R. “African …” „… . https://www.biography .com/athlete/arthur-ashe.Aschburner, Steve. “Coronavirus Pandemic Causes NBA to Suspend Season …” „… Identity and the Commercial Endorsement of Athletes.” International Review for the Sociol-ogy of Sport 47 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781538153253

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Lindsey R. Swindall

Paul Robeson

2013

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Ch01. SCHOLAR ATHLETE S. 8-26

„… to the gifted student athlete and made use of every opportunity to reproach Paul. His son’s biography …” „… Paul’s fingers, prying out a fingernail or two in the process. Rage seethed through the young athlete’s …” „… 8SCHOLAR ATHLETEIn April 1898, newspapers across the United States were filled with vivid headlines …”

Preface

„… American athletes—Biography. 7. African American authors—Biography. 8. Harlem Renaissance. I. Title. E …” „… i i A C K N O W L E D G M E N T S i xI N T R O D U C T I O N 11 SCHOLAR ATHLETE 82 RENAISSANCE MAN …”

INTRODUCTION S. 1-7

„… challenged them. His body possessed the strength and litheness of an athlete, but he exerted impressive …” „… young scholar-athlete, he embodied W. E. B. Du Bois’s conception of the “talented tenth.” This group …”

Ch06. FINAL CURTAIN S. 164-181

„… bemused when the two athletes practiced football tactics on the sidewalk. Robeson also used this …” „… athlete, a pioneering in-terpreter of spirituals and folk music, and a trail-blazing actor in film and on …” „… Sports Il-lustrated ran a piece on his athletic career. Lincoln University, his father’s alma mater …”

Ch03. WORLD CITIZEN S. 56-89

„… “elasticity of an athlete.” Guillen recorded that Robeson came to Spain because of his “devotion to democracy …” „… . Though he excelled in athletics and spoke two languages, he was having a tough time. Paul Robeson Jr …”

Ch02. RENAISSANCE MAN S. 27-55

„… newcomer to the world of professional ath-letics, which was dominated by America’s sport, baseball. Unlike …” „… enough the tall, handsome young man with the athletic build and smooth baritone voice was recruited into …”

doi.org/10.5771/9781442207950

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