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Steve Peers, Tamara Hervey, Jeff Kenner, Angela Ward - The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

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Steve Peers (ed.), Tamara Hervey (ed.), Jeff Kenner (ed.), Angela Ward (ed.)

The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2014

Results in this title

Debbie Sayers Article 13 – Freedom of the Arts and Sciences S. 422-443

„… Article 13Article 13Freedom of the Arts and SciencesThe arts and scientific research shall be free …” „… and 2012.13.0213.0313.0413.05Art 13 – Freedom of the Arts and Sciences Debbie Sayers 381taking action …” „… Müller (n 11) [27].13.0713.0813.0913.1013.11Art 13 – Freedom of the Arts and Sciences Debbie Sayers 383 …”

Lorna Woods Article 11 – Freedom of Expression and Information S. 354-383

„… 11.0111.02Art 11 – Freedom of Expression and Information Lorna Woods 313Second, a generous approach has been …” „… assembly and of association.15 Article 13 protects freedom of the arts and the sciences16 separately …” „… Vertriebs GmbH v Avides Media AG [2008] ECR I-505.11.0311.04Art 11 – Freedom of Expression and Information …”

Gisella Gori Article 14 – Right to Education S. 444-465

„… 43 TEC (freedom of establishment, currently Art 49 TFEU) and 49 (freedom to provide services) apply …” „… national laws governing the exercise of such freedom and right.Text of Explanatory Note on Article 141 …” „… integration, in particular the freedom of movement of workers and the right not to be discriminated against on …”

Ronan McCrea Article 10 – Right to Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion S. 334-353

„… other believers and form religious organisations (freedom of association, Art 12), the right to develop …” „… religion may clash are the right to freedom of expression (guaranteed by Art 11 of the Charter) and freedom …” „… ]. 10.0810.0910.1010.11Art 10 – Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion Ronan McCrea 295there is a significant change …”

Lorna Woods Article 54 – Abuse of Rights S. 1582-1599

„… family life (Art 7); freedom of thought, conscience and religion (Art 10); freedom of expression and …” „… information (Art 11); freedom of assembly and of association (Art 12); freedom of the arts and sciences (Art …” „… criminalise behaviour prohibited under Art 3(1)) and some provisions are expressly subordinated to freedom of …”

Michele Everson, Rui Correia Gonçalves Article 16 – Freedom to Conduct a Business S. 480-507

„… expressed constitutional norms of the ‘freedom to work’ (Art 15) and the ‘right to property’ (Art 17). It is …” „… , Peter Lang, 2012).16.0116.02Art 16 – Freedom to Conduct a Business Michele Everson and Rui Correia …” „… -6571 [99].16.0516.06Art 16 – Freedom to Conduct a Business Michele Everson and Rui Correia Gonçalves …”

Article 17 – Right to Property S. 508-561

„… economic rights, namely the freedom to choose an occupation and the right to engage in work (Art 15) as …” „… constitutes—next to the freedom to choose an occupation and the right to engage in work (Art 15 of the Charter) as …” „… there is no conflict. Both areas of law may not however 14 Art 11 Freedom of expression and information …”

Steve Peers, Sacha Prechal Article 52 – Scope and Interpretation of Rights and Principles S. 1498-1565

„… movement is or the EP’s objectives serves one of the ‘rights and freedoms of others’ (Art 11 ECHR).As for …” „… exercise of the rights and freedoms recognised by this Charter must be provided for by law and respect the …” „… essence of those rights and freedoms. Subject to the principle of proportionality, limitations may only be …”

Rachael Craufurd Smith Article 22 – Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Diversity S. 648-675

„… should be in conformity with national laws. The freedom of the arts and sciences, including academic …” „… Performing a role similar to Art 27 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which provides that the …” „… : laïcité, national identity and religious freedom’ (2012) 61(3) International & Comparative Law 613–19.A …”

Diamond Ashiagbor Article 15 – Freedom to Choose an Occupation and Right to Engage in Work S. 466-479

„… [8].15.0115.0215.03Art 15 – Freedom to Choose an Occupation Diamond Ashiagbor 425in Articles 26, 45, 49 and 56 of the …” „… Article 15Article 15Freedom to Choose an Occupation and Right to Engage in Work1. Everyone has the …” „… Union has the freedom to seek employment, to work, to exercise the right of establishment and to provide …”

Article 12 – Freedom of Assembly and of Association S. 384-421

„… Art 12(1) – Freedom of Assembly and of Association Filip Dorssemont 345The freedom of association and …” „… assembly (Art 21) and the right to freedom of association (Art 22) in two distinct provisions. It …” „… ) 65–66.12(1).2012(1).21Art 12(1) – Freedom of Assembly and of Association Filip Dorssemont 349III. Other Sources As …”

Catherine Barnard Article 28 – Right of Collective Bargaining and Action S. 816-837

„… from acts of anti-union discrimination (Art 1) and freedom from interference (Art 2).41 However …” „… E Ales and T Novitz, Collective Action and Fundamental Freedoms in Europe. Striking the balance …” „… Swia˛kowski, The Laval and Viking Cases: Freedom of Services and Establishment v Industrial Conflict in the …”

Catherine Dupré Article 1 – Human Dignity S. 44-67

„… all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world.’It …” „… ‘vulnerable persons’ (Art 17) and minors (Art 18).5 The fourth type of issue concerns conditions of detention …” „… the Charter and mentions Arts 1 and 4 in particular. Finally and importantly, while Member States can …”

Jeff Kenner Article 30 – Protection in the Event of Unjustifi ed Dismissal S. 848-875

„… Forward and Thinking Back (Oxford, Hart Publishing, 2009) 279–310.30.0230.03Art 30 – Protection in the …” „… conduct a 15 Ibid, Art 1(a).16 Directive 2008/94/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 …” „… , Directives 87/164/EEC and 2002/74/EC.17 Ibid, Recital 3 of the preamble.30.0830.0930.10Art 30 – Protection in …”

Bruno de Witte Article 53 – Level of Protection S. 1566-1581

„… or adversely affecting human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized, in their respective …” „… Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and by the Member States’ constitutions. Text of …” „… Convention shall be construed as limiting or derogating from any of the human rights and fundamental freedoms …”

Violeta Moreno-Lax, Cathryn Costello The Extraterritorial Application of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights: From Territoriality to Facticity, the Effectiveness Model S. 1700-1727

„… Chamber, Judgment 26 Feburary 2013) [21]. 5 European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms …” „… (Oxford, OUP, 2006) 335. 7 Arts 5(1) and (2) TEU. 8 See fisheries cases in section C.I(c) below and Case …” „… reference to EU extraterritorial actions in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, and Common Foreign …”

Manfred Nowak, Anne Charbord Article 4 – Prohibition of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment S. 104-143

„… foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world’).29 Art 1 UDHR: ‘All human beings are born free and …” „… Effective Delivery of Fundamental Rights in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (CEPS Paper in Liberty …” „… Internal Policies, Citizen’s Rights and Constitutional Affairs, Justice, Freedom and Security …”

Eleanor Spaventa Article 45 – Freedom of Movement and of Residence S. 1204-1219

„… (Judgment of 26 February 2013).45.0245.0345.0445.05Art 45 – Freedom of Movement and of Residence Eleanor …” „… Zambrano [2011] ECR I-1177.45.0945.1045.11Art 45 – Freedom of Movement and of Residence Eleanor Spaventa …” „… financial assistance’ (2009) 34 European Law Review 612.45.2245.2345.24Art 45 – Freedom of Movement and of …”

Diamond Ashiagbor Article 29 – Right of Access to Placement Services S. 838-847

„… , the freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work. Both Articles 15 and 29 are stated …” „… breach of the competition law provisions in Articles 102 and 106 TFEU (ex Arts 82 and 86 EC). However, it …” „… provider) and the economic freedom to provide services of a private brokerage agency, in order to meet …”

Herke Kranenborg Article 8 – Protection of Personal Data S. 266-309

„… below.II. Article 11 (Freedom of Expression and Information)The right to freedom of expression (Art 11 of …” „… Directive 2009/136/EC [2009] OJ L337/11.5 See Recital 3 and Art 1 of Directive 95/46/EC.6 [2006] OJ L …” „… . No data protection rules are announced for the common foreign and security policy on the basis of Art …”

Maarten den Heijer Article 18 – Right to Asylum S. 562-585

„… of a Contracting Party, he must be secured the rights and freedoms of the ECHR (Art 1). II. UN …” „… aliens prosecuted for their action as freedom-fighters shall be prohibited’) and section 9 of the …” „… prohibitions of collective expulsion (Art 19(1)) and refoulement (Art 19(2)).9 The prohibition 4 CHARTE 4332/00 …”

Tamara Hervey, Jean McHale Article 35 – The Right to Health Care S. 994-1011

„… respect for private and family life (Art 7), the right to found a family (Art 9), freedom of thought …” „… Croatian Constitution; Art 4 Czech Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms; Art 28 of the Estonian …” „… provision, and the relevant case law, see Ward’s chapter on Art 51.2 Art 168 (7) TFEU.35.01Part I …”

Olivier De Schutter The Implementation of the Charter by the Institutions of the European Union S. 1670-1699

„… December 2007 ([2007] OJ C303/1). It states that ‘The Union recognises the rights, freedoms and principles …” „… include human rights and fundamental freedoms:12 this provided the Parliament with a first opportunity to …” „… dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights …”

Niilo Jääskinen Fundamental Social Rights in the Charter—Are They Rights? Are They Fundamental? S. 1746-1757

„… , especially with regard to their relationship with fundamental freedoms treaty freedoms and competition …” „… adequate health services and personal freedom in the context of involuntary psychiatric care.All developed …” „… UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948, that included both classical freedom rights and …”

Filip Dorssemont Article 27 – Workers’ Right to Information and Consultation within the Undertaking S. 792-815

„… Charter.27.9727.9827.99Art 27 – Workers’ Right to Information Filip Dorssemont 771rights and freedoms …” „… improvement of the working conditions and working environment in the 3 See Art 30 Charter of Fundamental …” „… ) 269–78.27.1527.1627.1727.1827.19Art 27 – Workers’ Right to Information Filip Dorssemont 755of a right to information and …”

Claire Kilpatrick Article 21 – Non-Discrimination S. 622-647

„… to obtain legal aid; in relation to other Charter provisions (right to property in Art 17 and freedom …” „… of Article 21Article 21 has two limbs, a status discrimination limb (Art 21(1)) and a nationality …” „… , sections III and IV.21.0721.0821.09Art 21 – Non-Discrimination Claire Kilpatrick 583which followed from the …”

Ruth Lamont Article 24 – The Rights of the Child S. 704-735

„… , as part of the establishment of an area of freedom, security and justice, the legislation of the …” „… asylum and immigration and cross-border criminal law, part of the ‘Area of Freedom, Security and Justice …” „… Art 10(1)(a). Now Art 2(2)(c), Directive 2004/38 on the right of citizens of the Union and their …”

Jens Vested-Hansen Article 7 – Respect for Private and Family Life (Private Life, Home and Communications) S. 196-225

„… protection of the rights and freedoms of others.’Select BibliographyLFM Besselink, ‘Respecting Constitutional …” „… reunification, and Art 2(2) of Directive 2004/38 concerning the rights of citizens of the Union and their family …” „… Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms … and in Article 7 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights … must be …”

Jonathan Tomkin Article 50 – Right not to be Tried or Punished Twice in Criminal Proceedings for the same Criminal Offence S. 1416-1455

„… purposes of determining the application of the Charter, and in particular, Art 50, has been considered …” „… February 2013), an applicant sought to rely on the Art 50 prohibition to prevent both tax authorities and …” „… for the operational management of large-scale IT systems in the area of freedom, security and justice …”

Angela Ward Article 51 – Field of Application S. 1456-1497

„… general limitation on the exercise of the rights and freedoms recognised by the Charter (Art 52(1))14 and …” „… the state invoked freedom of assembly (see Charter Art 12) and freedom of expression (see Charter Art …” „… with Union law and national laws and practices’. This restriction appears in Article 16 (freedom to …”

Gabriel N Toggenburg The EU Fundamental Rights Agency and the Fundamental Rights Charter: How Fundamental is the Link Between them? S. 1656-1669

„… attention to the Freedom of expression and information (Art 11 of the Charter), the freedom of the arts and …” „… and formats, including online tools or the Fundamental Rights Platform.4 2 See Art 16(1) FR.3 See Art …” „… Fundamental Freedoms, the social charters adopted by the Community and by the Council of Europe and the case …”

Allan Rosas The Charter and Universal Human Rights Instruments S. 1728-1745

„… provisions of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) on the objectives of EU external relations (Arts 3(5) and …” „… ) and then, as adapted in 2007, made part of Union primary law by way of a reference contained in Art …” „… it should be interpreted as restricting or adversely affecting human rights and fundamental freedoms …”

Index S. 1904-1937

„… Education Teaching Personnel, 386, 390see also Freedom of the arts and sciences (Article 13)Access to …” „… informed consent, 48freedom of arts and sciences, 389personal integrity, 41, 44–45cloning, see human …” „… , 51–52disabled people, 712free and informed consent, 47–48freedom of arts and sciences, 387healthcare …”

Heli Askola Article 5 – Prohibition of Slavery and Forced Labour S. 144-163

„… person (Art 6) and the right to engage in work, freedom to choose an occupation and equality of working …” „… the prohibition of child labour and protection of young people at work (Art 32). Freedom of movement …” „… (No 105) (Geneva, International Labour Office, 2007).Art 5 – Prohibition of Slavery and Forced Labour …”

Valsamis Mitsilegas Article 49 – Principles of Legality and Proportionality of Criminal Offences and Penalties S. 1394-1415

„… Mitsilegas, ‘The Transformation of Criminal Law in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice’ (2007) 26 …” „… Trust in Europe’s Area of Freedom, Security and Justice From Automatic Inter-state Cooperation to the …” „… 50.49.0149.02Art 49 – Principles of Legality and Proportionality Valsamis Mitsilegas 1353C. Sources of Rights …”

Anthony Arnull Protocol (No 30) on the Application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union to Poland and the United Kingdom S. 1638-1655

„… Union, the Union recognises the rights, freedoms and principles set out in the Charter of Fundamental …” „… the rights, freedoms and principles recognised in the Union and makes those rights more visible, but …” „… of the United Kingdom are inconsistent with the fundamental rights, freedoms and principles that it …”

Shazia Choudhry Article 9 – Right to Marry and Right to Found a Family S. 310-333

„… to provide services (Art 56 of the TFEU) and the freedom of movement (Art 48 of the TFEU) within the …” „… ), the right to equality between men and women (Art 23) and the right to freedom from discrimination (Art …” „… particular relevance to the right to marry and found a family. The first area is equal treatment and freedom …”

Pekka Aalto, Herwig CH Hofmann, Liisa Holopainen, Elina Paunio, Laurent Pech, Debbie Sayers, Dinah Shelton, Angela Ward Article 47 – Right to an Effective Remedy and to a Fair Trial S. 1240-1319

„… Article 13 of the ECHR:‘Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in this Convention are violated …” „… applies wherever EU law guarantees ‘rights and freedoms’, a concept which does not appear to have any …” „… remedy and a fair trial (as further defined in Art 47) has to be ensured.1 B. Interrelationship with …”

Daniel Wilsher Article 6 – Right to Liberty and Security S. 164-195

„… criminal proceedings [2009] OJ C295/1.06.0106.02Art 6 – Right to Liberty and Security Daniel Wilsher 123 …” „… freedom of movement and detention during the asylum procedure. The Dublin II Regulation12 determines the …” „… final, Art 28.16 Directive 2008/115/EC on common standards and procedures in Member States for …”

Shazia Choudhry Article 7 – Right to Respect for Private and Family Life (Family Life Aspects) S. 226-265

„… protection of the rights and freedoms of others.’This chapter will concern itself with the family life …” „… impacted upon families and 1 K Lundström, ‘Family life and the freedom of movement of workers in the …” „… http://europa.eu/familyalliance/about/index_en.htm.5 See also the chapters of this commentary on Art 23 (equality between women and men) and Art 33 …”

Sabine Michalowski Article 3 – Right to the Integrity of the Person S. 82-103

„… distribution of human blood and blood components [2003] OJ L33 (based on former Art 152(4)(a)). 2 Directive …” „… , preservation, storage and distribution of human tissues and cells [2004] OJ L102 (based on former Art 152(4)(a …” „… ‘shall not affect national provisions on the donation or medical use of organs and blood’ (Art 168(7 …”

Charlotte O’Brien Article 26 – Integration of Persons with Disabilities S. 752-791

„… all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons with disabilities, and to promote respect for …” „… mental health problems and persons with intellectual disabilities’ October 2010, 15.40 Art 54(2)(b …” „… —which provides that ‘the enjoyment of the rights and freedoms set forth in this Convention shall be …”

Mats Lindfelt Article 44 – Right to Petition S. 1194-1203

„… (ex Art 194 EC). Article 227 provides as follows:Any citizen of the Union, and any natural or legal …” „… effective remedy, stating that ‘Everyone whose rights and freedoms guaranteed by the law of the Union are …” „… responsible for matters relating to petitions [Art 20], considerations thereof and action to be taken in …”

Debbie Sayers Article 48 – Presumption of Innocence and Right of Defence (Criminal Law) S. 1346-1393

„… and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR).2 Article 6(2) states that: ‘Everyone charged with a criminal offence …” „… take’.5Finally, Article 51 of the Charter confirms that Charter rights and freedoms apply primarily to …” „… and Fundamental Freedoms, the meaning and scope of those rights shall be the same as those laid down …”

Alan Bogg Article 31 – Fair and Just Working Conditions S. 876-911

„… , 2011).Lord Goldsmith, ‘A Charter of Rights, Freedoms and Principles’ (2001) 38 Cambridge Modern Law …” „… Law, 4th edn (Oxford, OUP, 2012) 523–32.31.01Art 31 – Fair and Just Working Conditions Alan Bogg 835 …” „… this reference to my attention.10 For discussion, see Barnard (n 1) 133–34.31.0631.07Art 31 – Fair and …”

Elisa Morgera, Gracia Marín Durán Article 37 – Environmental Protection S. 1026-1047

„… Fundamental Rights and Freedoms of the Czech Republic (as amended in 1999). See further, A Lucarelli, ‘Art 37 …” „… D below.7 That is, acts adopted pursuant to Arts 191(4) and 192 TFEU (below n 72).8 Explanatory …” „… with the principle of subsidiarity’.37.0137.02Art 37 – Environmental Protection Elisa Morgera and …”

Kees Groenendijk Article 40 – Right to Vote and to Stand as a Candidate at Municipal Elections S. 1100-1111

„… ’. The reference to political matters implies that this freedom also extends to membership and founding …” „… , including the right and opportunity for persons with disabilities to vote and be elected’ (Art 29 CRPD). The …” „… 6.40.0940.1040.11Art 40 – Right to Vote and Stand: Municipal Elections Kees Groenendijk 1061III. Council of Europe …”

Koen Lenaerts, José Antonio Gutiérrez-Fons The Place of the Charter in the EU Constitutional Edifice S. 1600-1637

„… the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (the ECHR …” „… , freedoms and principles in the Charter shall be interpreted … with due regard to the explanations [relating …” „… value added tax, [2006] OJ L347/1. Previously, Arts 2, 250(1) and 273 of Directive 2006/112 were set out …”

Paul Gragl Agreement on the Accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights S. 1768-1867

„… Rights and Fundamental Freedoms [1996] ECR I-1759 [36].15 See also Art 17 of Protocol No 14 to the …” „… Fundamental Freedoms constitutes an integral part of this Convention.’3. Accession to the Convention and the …” „… European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms’ (2011) 48 Common Market Law Review 995–1023 …”

Cathryn Costello Article 33 – Family and Professional Life S. 934-969

„… , universal values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity.’17 Art 23 EUCFR ‘Equality between …” „… of the Union and of the Member States.’33.0133.02Art 33 – Family and Professional Life Cathryn …” „… policies the future of social Europe? (Brussels, Bruylant, 2005).33.06Art 33 – Family and Professional Life …”

Steve Weatherill Article 38 – Consumer Protection S. 1048-1069

„… which is (by cross-reference in Art 169(2)(a)) Article 114 TFEU on harmonisation and the other, Article …” „… Weatherill, EU Consumer Law and Policy (Cheltenham, Edward Elgar, 2013); J Basedow, ‘Freedom of Contract in …” „… of the Charter, which in its purpose is in alignment with Articles 114(3) and 169 TFEU (ex Arts 95(3 …”

Elspeth Guild Article 19 – Protection in the Event of Removal, Expulsion or Extradition S. 586-605

„… .19.1619.1719.1819.1919.20Art 19 – Protection in the Event of Removal Elspeth Guild 549of freedom security and justice) on …” „… Inter-American Convention on Human Rights 1969 provides at Article 22(9) for freedom of movement and protection …” „… and Fundamental Freedoms 1995 also prohibits collective expulsion at Article 25(4).Two African …”

Dagmar Schiek Article 23 – Equality between Women and Men S. 676-703

„… personal freedoms) and status positivus (in which citizens demand that the Union and states actively create …” „… and men (Art 23(1)) will include a prohibition to discriminate against women (Art 21). However, given …” „… equality of women and men (Art 23). Ensuring equality aims at changing socio-economic reality as well as at …”

Lamin Khadar, Jo Shaw Article 39 – Right to Vote and to Stand as a Candidate at Elections to the European Parliament S. 1070-1099

„… field of application. 1 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Arts 51 and 52 generally …” „… 2013/1/EU, [2013] OJ L26/27, discussed at n 55 below.39.0139.0239.0339.04Art 39 – Right to Vote and Stand …” „… non-national Union citizens voting and standing as candidates in European Parliament elections (now Arts 20(2 …”

Elizabeth Wicks Article 2 – Right to Life S. 68-81

„… of Maastricht (Art 152) to ensure a high level of health protection in all Community policies and …” „… more information on freedom of services as regards healthcare, see TK Hervey and JV McHale, Health Law …” „… violated the freedom to provide and receive services due to the lack of a commercial element to the service …”

Colm O’Cinneide Article 25 – The Rights of the Elderly S. 736-751

„… Arts 3(2) and 10(2) of Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April …” „… market and the establishment of a common area of freedom, security and justice also have the potential to …” „… , Slovenia and Sweden had agreed to be bound by the provisions of Art 23 ESC. (Thirteen EU Member States …”

Robin White Article 34 – Social Security and Social Assistance S. 970-993

„… used at a number of points in this commentary.2 Arts 18–21 and 45–66 TFEU. See also the secondary …” „… legislation referred to below.34.0134.0234.03Art 34 – Social Security and Social Assistance Robin White 929 …” „… security 34.0934.1034.1134.1234.13Art 34 – Social Security and Social Assistance Robin White 931disputes …”

Appendix S. 1868-1903

„… arts and sciencesThe arts and scientific research shall be free of constraint. Academic freedom shall …” „… Treaty on European Union.Explanation on Article 13—Freedom of the arts and sciencesThis right is deduced …” „… indivisible, universal values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity; it is based on the …”

Helen Stalford Article 32 – Prohibition of Child Labour and Protection of Young People at Work S. 912-933

„… ) 246–62.A Jacobs, ‘Prohibition of child labour and protection of young people at work (Art 32)’ in B …” „… health and social policy (Art 153 TFEU). This strand of activity, which emerged in the 1980s,4 enables …” „… the EU to implement complementary measures with a view to improving workers’ health and safety (Art …”

Deirdre Curtin, Joana Mendes Article 42 – Right of Access to Documents S. 1142-1163

„… of Art 42.Part I – Commentary on the Articles of the EU Charter1100 Deirdre Curtin and Joana MendesA …” „… addressed to ‘the institutions, bodies, offices, and agencies of the Union’ (Art 51(1) of the Charter).6 …” „… to the mode 2 On the different scope of application of the right in ex-Art 255 EC and current Art …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-43

„… .................................................................................................................377Article 13 – Freedom of the Arts and Sciences …” „… Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, or European Social Charter. It was not until the late 1990s that the …” „… actions affect matters that profoundly relate to human beings (such as their freedoms, dignity and …”

Mark Bell Article 20 – Equality before the Law S. 606-621

„… Ceta˘t‚enes‚ti v Agafit‚ei and Others (Judgment of 7 July 2011).20.0220.03Art 20 – Equality Before the Law Mark …” „… ] App nos 27996/06 and 34836/06 (22 December 2009) [55].10 Specifically in Art 26, but also elsewhere …” „… ) [24].45 Zoi Chatzi (n 19) [40] and [61].20.2520.2620.27Art 20 – Equality Before the Law Mark Bell 573 …”

Hanns Peter Nehl Article 48 – Presumption of Innocence and Right of Defence (Administrative Law) S. 1320-1345

„… equally entrusted with the implementation and enforcement of EU competition rules (cf Arts 3, 5 and 6 of …” „… European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) of 4 November 1950 …” „… rights guaranteed by the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the …”

Ian Harden Article 43 – European Ombudsman S. 1164-1193

„… area of freedom, security and justice [2011] OJ L286/1.43.0243.0343.0443.0543.06Art 43 – Ombudsman Ian …” „… exclude the Common Foreign and Security Policy from the European Ombudsman’s mandate. When Art 28 of the …” „… Parliament, Council and Commission documents [2001] OJ L145/43, Art 8.8 See, for example, Art 47 of …”

Paul Craig Article 41 – Right to Good Administration S. 1112-1141

„… provides:Everyone whose rights and freedoms guaranteed by the law of the Union are violated has the right to an …” „… Direttur tal-Agrikoltura u s-Sajd and Avukat Generali (17 March 2011) [49].41.3241.3341.3441.35Art 41 …” „… Afrikanische Frucht-Compagnie GmbH v Council and Commission [2004] ECR II-521 [128].41.6041.6141.62Art 41 …”

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Steve Peers (ed.), Tamara Hervey (ed.), Jeff Kenner (ed.), Angela Ward (ed.)

The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

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Debbie Sayers Article 13 – Freedom of the Arts and Sciences S. 405-428

„… 1 [2007] OJ C303/17. Article 13 Article 13 Freedom of the Arts and Sciences The arts and …” „… – Freedom of the Arts and Sciences Debbie Sayers 407 6 See, eg, Case 5/88 Wachauf , ECLI:EU:C:1989:321 …” „… . 13.0713.0813.09Art 13 – Freedom of the Arts and Sciences Debbie Sayers 409 18 Art 17 ECHR may also restrict the …”

Ronan McCrea Article 10 – Right to Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion S. 313-332

„… and form religious organisations (freedom of association, Art 12) and the right to develop a personal …” „… , Arts 20 and 21). However, this is not always the case and religious freedom can also have a more …” „… costs on employers and thus a potential clash with the freedom to run a business (Art 16). Religious …”

Gisella Gori Article 14 – Right to Education S. 429-448

„… establishment, currently Art 49 TFEU) and 49 (freedom to provide services) apply. This implies that Community …” „… shall be respected, in accordance with the national laws governing the exercise of such freedom and …” „… Consolidation occurred with the Maastricht Treaty, which introduced Arts 126 and 127, Education, vocational …”

Lorna Woods Article 54 – Abuse of Rights S. 1691-1708

„… private and family life (Art 7); 1 freedom of thought, conscience and religion (Art 10); freedom of …” „… expression and information (Art 11); freedom of assembly and of association (Art 12); freedom of the arts and …” „… women, so that women can enjoy all their human rights and fundamental freedoms (Art 3), including …”

Lorna Woods Article 11 – Freedom of Expression and Information S. 333-370

„… scope of EU law. 4 Although 11.0111.0211.0311.04Art 11 – Freedom of Expression and Information Lorna …” „… arts and the sciences separately, though in many systems this freedom is part of freedom of expression …” „… effect on speech. 26 11.0511.0611.07Art 11 – Freedom of Expression and Information Lorna Woods 337A/HRC …”

Steve Peers, Sacha Prechal Article 52 – Scope and Interpretation of Rights and Principles S. 1611-1674

„… the EP ’ s objectives serves one of the ‘ rights and freedoms of others ’ (Art 11 ECHR). As for the …” „… Principles 1. Any limitation on the exercise of the rights and freedoms recognised by this Charter must be …” „… pro-vided for by law and respect the essence of those rights and freedoms. Subject to the principle of …”

Paul Torremans Article 17 (2) – Right to Property S. 519-550

„… Agreement. 14 Art 11 Freedom of expression and information: ‘ 1. Everyone has the right to freedom of …” „… I-1953 [21]. See below at section D.III(c). 21 Art 13 Freedom of the arts and sciences: ‘ The …” „… arts and scientifi c research shall be free of constraint. Academic freedom shall be respected. ’ that …”

Rachael Craufurd Smith Article 22 – Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Diversity S. 639-666

„… the arts and sciences, including academic freedom, in Article 13 CFR, directly protects the diversity …” „… to Art 27 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which provides that the Char-ter ‘ shall …” „… include ‘ respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human …”

Michelle Everson, Rui Correia Gonçalves Article 16 – Freedom to Conduct a Business S. 463-488

„… freedom ’ (Article 151, para one, 16.0116.02Art 16 – Freedom to Conduct a Business Michelle Everson and …” „… to rights to property and work, may, at least since the 16.0516.0616.07Art 16 – Freedom to Conduct a …” „… to its 16.1016.1116.12Art 16 – Freedom to Conduct a Business Michelle Everson and Rui Correia …”

Jeff Kenner Article 30 – Protection in the Event of Unjustifi ed Dismissal S. 837-874

„… ’ ( 2017 ) 24 Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 424 . J Prassl , ‘ Freedom of …” „… ) 279 – 310. 9 Art 3(3) TEU. A. Article 30 and the Scope of EU Law Article 153(1)(d) TFEU provides …” „… Directive repealed and replaced Directive 77/187/EEC and its amendment, Directive 98/50/EC. 20 Ibid, Art …”

Filip Dorssemont Article 12 (1) – Freedom of Assembly and of Association S. 371-394

„… 12(1).0112(1).02Art 12(1) – Freedom of Assembly and of Association Filip Dorssemont 373 2 Case F-94/14, Carlos …” „… Kingdom. 12(1).0712(1).0812(1).0912(1).1012(1).11Art 12(1) – Freedom of Assembly and of Association Filip …” „… citizens of the 12(1).1412(1).1512(1).1612(1).17Art 12(1) – Freedom of Assembly and of Association Filip …”

Herke Kranenborg Article 8 – Protection of Personal Data S. 231-290

„… ) The right to freedom of expression (Art 11 of the Charter) is about imparting and receiving …” „… or residence, respect for his rights and fundamental freedoms, and in particular 08.9208.9308.94Art 8 …” „… Directive 2009/136/EC [2009] OJ L337/11. 5 See Recital 3 and Art 1 of Directive 95/46/EC. 6 [2006] OJ …”

Bruno de Witte Article 53 – Level of Protection S. 1675-1690

„… restricting or adversely affecting human rights and funda-mental freedoms as recognized, in their respective …” „… Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and by the Member States ’ constitutions. Text of …” „… any of the human rights and fundamental freedoms which may be ensured under the laws of any High …”

Eleni Frantziou, Virginia Mantouvalou Article 15 – Freedom to Choose an Occupation and Right to Engage in Work S. 449-462

„… EU law. 15.0115.0215.03Art 15 – Freedom to Choose an Occupation Eleni Frantziou and Virginia …” „… 15.0815.0915.1015.11Art 15 – Freedom to Choose an Occupation Eleni Frantziou and Virginia Mantouvalou 453 15 See, eg …” „… 15.1715.1815.1915.2015.21Art 15 – Freedom to Choose an Occupation Eleni Frantziou and Virginia Mantouvalou 455 24 M …”

Catherine Barnard Article 28 – Right of Collective Bargaining and Action S. 801-826

„… discrimination (Art 1) and freedom from interference (Art 2). 53 However, although these Conventions do not …” „… Bibliography E Ales and T Novitz , Collective Action and Fundamental Freedoms in Europe. Striking the …” „… : Freedom of Services and Establishment v Industrial Conflict in the European Economic Area and Russia …”

Catherine Dupré Article 1 – Human Dignity S. 3-24

„… foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. ’ It results that none of the rights laid down in …” „… reference to Art 1 EUCFR (recital 5); Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, 29 …” „… and the Council on the European Borders and Coast Guard (recital 49 and Arts 21(4) and 35 (2 …”

Eleanor Spaventa Article 45 – Freedom of Movement and of Residence S. 1211-1226

„… ‘ shall be exercised under the 45.0245.0345.0445.0545.06Art 45 – Freedom of Movement and of Residence …” „… months of 45.1045.1145.12Art 45 – Freedom of Movement and of Residence Eleanor Spaventa 1215 17 See …” „… law which still informs the latter ’ s interpretation. 48 45.1945.20Art 45 – Freedom of Movement and …”

Maria-Teresa Gil-Bazo Article 4 – Prohibition of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment S. 59-92

„… Tribunal — Challenges for the Effective Delivery of Fundamental Rights in the Area of Freedom, Security and …” „… General for Internal Policies, Citizen ’ s Rights and Constitutional Affairs , Justice, Freedom and …” „… , Directorate General for Internal Policies, Citizen ’ s Rights and Constitutional Affairs, Justice, Freedom and …”

Niilo Jääskinen Fundamental Social Rights in the Charter – Are They Rights? Are They Fundamental? S. 1855-1870

„… freedoms and competition principles. In other words, are they truly fundamental in the EU constitutional …” „… classical freedom rights and second-generation economic, cultural and social rights, and the preparations of …” „… to adequate health services and personal freedom in the context of involuntary psychiatric care. All …”

Valsamis Mitsilegas, Emmanouil Billis Article 49 – Principles of Legality and Proportionality of Criminal Offences and Penalties S. 1473-1508

„… the rights and freedoms of others ’ , emphasis added. 76 Art 10(2) ECHR: ‘ The exercise of these …” „… of Mutual Trust in Europe ’ s Area of Freedom, Security and Justice from Automatic Inter-state …” „… concerning justice-related rights: the right to an effective remedy and to 49.0149.02Art 49 – Principles of …”

Index S. 1927-1968

„… , 482 freedom of arts and sciences, 424 university autonomy, 422 freedom of thought, conscience and …” „… ltering software, 367 proportionality, 361 freedom of the arts and sciences scientifi c research …” „… disabled people, 746 free and informed consent, 43 freedom of arts and sciences, 407 , 414 – 15 …”

Jeff Kenner Article 29 – Right of Access to Placement Services S. 827-836

„… ) 492/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2011 on freedom of movement for workers …” „… enjoys the closest fi t is Article 15, the freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work …” „… ) and the economic freedom to provide services of a private brokerage agency, in order to meet demand …”

Claire Kilpatrick, Hanna Eklund Article 21 – Non-Discrimination S. 613-638

„… freedom of thought, conscience and religion in relation to discrimination based on religion (Art 10 ECHR …” „… discrimination limb (Art 21(1)) and a nationality discrimination limb (Art 21(2)). Although nationality can also …” „… , 21.0121.0221.03Art 21 – Non-Discrimination Claire Kilpatrick and Hanna Eklund 615 3 See, in particular …”

Maarten den Heijer Article 18 – Right to Asylum S. 551-572

„… jurisdiction of a Contracting Party, he must be secured the rights and freedoms of the ECHR (Art 1). II. UN …” „… prohibitions of collective expulsion (Art 19(1)) and refoulement (Art 19(2)). 10 The prohibition of refoulement …” „… security), 7 (respect for private and family life), 10 (freedom of religion), 21 (non-discrimination), 41 …”

Jo Shaw, Lamin Khadar Article 12 (2) – Freedom of Assembly and of Association S. 395-404

„… . 12(2).0112(2).0212(2).03Art 12(2) – Freedom of Assembly and of Association Jo Shaw and Lamin Khadar 397 3 Protocol 1 was …” „… debate. 12(2).2512(2).2612(2).2712(2).28Art 12(2) – Freedom of Assembly and of Association Jo Shaw and …” „… Article 12(2) Article 12(2) Freedom of Assembly and of Association 1. … 2. Political parties …”

Ferdinand Wollenschläger Article 17 (1) – Right to Property S. 489-518

„… Ruffert , ‘ Art 15 CFR ’ in C Callies and M Ruffert (eds), EUV/AEUV ( 5th edn , Munich , CH Beck …” „… , 62; N Bernsdorff , ‘ Art 15 CFR ’ in J Meyer and S H ö lscheidt (eds), GRC ( 5th edn …” „… , Baden-Baden , Nomos , 2019 ) para 12; HJ Blanke , ‘ Art 15 CFR ’ in PJ Tettinger and K Stern (eds …”

Angela Ward Article 51 – Field of Application S. 1553-1610

„… et al (eds) The External Dimension of EU Agencies and Bodies ( Elgar , 2019 ). Art 51 – Field of …” „… Douglas-Scott and N Hatzis (eds) Research Handbook on EU Law and Human Rights ( Elgar , 2017 ) 162 . Art 51 …” „… 2013, Melloni , C-399/11 , EU:C:2013:107 , [60]. For a detailed analysis of Art 51(1) and the …”

Tamara Hervey, Jean McHale Article 35 – The Right to Health Care S. 1007-1024

„… found a fam-ily (Art 9), freedom of thought, conscience and religion (Art 10). In the context of health …” „… Fundamental Rights and Freedoms; Art 28 of the Estonian Constitution; s 19(3) of the Finnish Constitution; Art …” „… 1 On the meaning of this provision, and the relevant case law, see Ward ’ s chapter on Art 51. 2 …”

David Mangan Article 7 (Private Life, Home and Communications) – Respect for Private and Family Life S. 151-194

„… , for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others …” „… discussed in a separate chapter, there is a narrow and often inseparable link with those aspects of Art 7 …” „… France SAS and Nexans SA v European Commission ( CJEU, Judgment 25 June 2014 ) . 11 Art 52 contains …”

Filip Dorssemont Article 27 – Workers’ Right to Information and Consultation within the Undertaking S. 779-800

„… Effect ? ’ , ( 2014 ) Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 704 – 22 . 2 See Art 16 …” „… rooted in the freedom to conduct a business. 2 This right is recognised 27.0127.0227.0327.0427.05Art 27 …” „… ) 269 – 78. 21 Art 165 of the Weimar Constitution: ‘ Workers and employees are called to collaborate …”

Jonathan Tomkin Article 50 – Right not to be Tried or Punished Twice in Criminal Proceedings for the same Criminal Offence S. 1509-1552

„… ‘ implementing Union law ’ for the purposes of determining the application of the Charter and, in particular, Art …” „… sought to rely on the Art 50 prohibition to prevent tax authorities and the public prosecutor from both …” „… Art 83 TFEU confers competence on the Union to adopt legislation defi ning and sanctioning …”

Ruth Lamont Article 24 – The Rights of the Child S. 693-724

„… account of the fact that, as part of the establishment of an area of freedom, security and justice, the …” „… competence over asylum and immigration and cross-border criminal law, part of the ‘ Area of Freedom …” „… ; social policy and employment; justice, freedom and security including cross-border cooperation in …”

Allan Rosas The Charter and Universal Human Rights Instruments S. 1757-1772

„… in Art 151 TFEU, was revised in 1996 (CETS No 163) and was endowed with an Additional Protocol …” „… ) on the objectives of EU external relations (Arts 3(5) and 21(1) TEU) as well as in the so-called …” „… affecting human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognised by ‘ international law and by international …”

Steve Peers Article 9 – Right to Marry and Right to Found a Family S. 291-312

„… freedom to provide services (Art 56 of the TFEU) and the freedom of movement (Art 48 of the TFEU) within …” „… under the law (Art 20), the right to equality between men and women (Art 23) and the right to freedom …” „… commitment (SEC(2008) 2172)/COM (2008) 0420. The fi rst area is equal treatment and freedom from …”

Steve Peers Article 3 – Right to the Integrity of the Person S. 39-58

„… distribution of human tissues and cells [ 2004 ] OJ L102 (based on former Art 152(4)(a)). 3 Directive …” „… organs and blood ’ (Art 168(7)), as the competence regarding health policies and the organisation and …” „… , were adopted on this basis. The right to free movement of goods as well as the freedom to provide and …”

Mats Lindfelt Article 44 – Right to Petition S. 1199-1210

„… Union shall be exercised under the Conditions and within the Limits defi ned by those treaties ’ . Art …” „… rights and freedoms guaranteed by the law of the Union are violated has the right to an effective remedy …” „… – 93. 12 [1977] OJ C/299/26. 13 Declaration of Fundamental rights and Freedoms [ 1989 ] OJ C …”

Kees Groenendijk Article 40 – Right to Vote and to Stand as a Candidate at Municipal Elections S. 1113-1124

„… discretion of Member States. Article 12 of the Charter guarantees the right to freedom of assembly and …” „… political matters implies that this freedom also extends to membership and founding of political parties. In …” „… Rights Committee held that the right to freedom of association, including the right to form and join …”

Miriam Kullmann Article 7 (Family Life Aspects) – Right to Respect for Private and Family Life S. 195-230

„… Kullmann for the second edition . 1 K Lundstr ö m , ‘ Family life and the freedom of movement of …” „… http://europa.eu/familyalliance/about/index_en.htm . 5 See also the chapters of this commentary on Art 23 (equality between women and men) and Art …” „… 33 (family and professional life) which overlap with the family life aspects of Art 7. 6 See …”

Charlotte O’Brien Article 26 – Integration of Persons with Disabilities S. 743-778

„… CRPD Art 29(b)(i – ii). 94 Art 13(1) CRPD. 95 A Ward , ‘ Adults with incapacity: freedom and …” „… freedoms by all persons with disabilities, and to promote respect for their inherent dignity ’ . Even …” „… : ‘ Respect for inherent dignity, individual autonomy including the freedom to make one ’ s own choices, and …”

Alan Bogg, Michael Ford Article 31 – Fair and Just Working Conditions S. 875-922

„… Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Art 52(7). D Ashiagbor , ‘ Economic and Social …” „… International Law Journal 2 . Lord Goldsmith , ‘ A Charter of Rights, Freedoms and Principles ’ ( 2001 ) 38 …” „… Charter 1 —EU law is one of the most important sources for the rights in Article 31, and the 31.01Art 31 …”

Steve Weatherill Article 38 – Consumer Protection S. 1065-1084

„… the exercise of the rights and freedoms laid down in Articles 15 to 17 of the Charter, so that a …” „… of personal data, the freedom to conduct a business, the right to an effective remedy and the right …” „… Parliament and Council , the so-called 38.3738.3838.3938.4038.4138.4238.43Art 38 – Consumer Protection Steve …”

Daniel Wilsher Article 6 – Right to Liberty and Security S. 115-150

„… a and others v Italy App no 16483/12 ( Judgment of 15 December 2016 ) ruling that Art 5(1), 5(2 …” „… and decide if they fell within the terms of the agreement was, however, lawful under Art 5(1)(f …” „… provided for by the creation of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, there are now significant fields …”

Heli Askola Article 5 – Prohibition of Slavery and Forced Labour S. 93-114

„… various ‘ freedoms ’ in Chapter II, such as liberty and security of person (Art 6) and the right to …” „… engage in work, freedom to choose an occupation and equality of working conditions (Art 15). ‘ Equality …” „… connected to limitations on the freedom of movement and residence (Art 45). C. Sources of Rights under …”

Elisa Morgera, Gracia Marín Durán Article 37 – Environmental Protection S. 1041-1064

„… brought pursuant to Art 263 TFEU. Such a restriction is not placed on ‘ rights ’ and ‘ freedoms …” „… (Aarhus Convention): see further section D below. 6 That is, acts adopted pursuant to Arts 191(4) and …” „… 37.0137.0237.03Art 37 – Environmental Protection Elisa Morgera and Gracia Marín Durán 1043 8 D Anderson and C …”

Angela Ward Article 47 – Right to an Effective Remedy and to a Fair Trial S. 1245-1384

„… and freedoms guaranteed by the law of the Union are violated has the right to an effective remedy …” „… first paragraph is based on Article 13 of the ECHR: ‘ Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth …” „… Droit Européen 334. S Alber , ‘ Art 47 ’ in Klaus Stern and Michael Sachs (eds), Europ ä ische …”

Debbie Sayers Article 48 (Criminal Law) – Presumption of Innocence and Right of Defence S. 1413-1472

„… European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR). 2 Article 6(2 …” „… by establishing that Charter rights and freedoms apply primarily to the institutions and bodies of …” „… the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the meaning and scope of …”

Dagmar Schiek, Biljana Kotevska Article 23 – Equality between Women and Men S. 667-692

„… ). 2 Also, Article 19 TFEU, fi rst introduced 23.0123.02Art 23 – Equality between Women and Men Dagmar …” „… protected against states ’ and the Union ’ s intervention in their personal freedoms) by the same treaty as …” „… Labour Law and Industrial Relations 149 – 68, 150 ; see further Bell ’ s commentary on Art 20 in this …”

Koen Lenaerts, José Antonio Gutiérrez-Fons The Place of the Charter in the European Legal Space S. 1711-1734

„… Charter in the European Legal Space Koen Lenaerts and José Antonio Gutiérrez-Fons 1713 12 Art 51(2) of …” „… , Supranational and Trans-national Justice ’ in G Selvik and Others (eds), The Art of Judicial Reasoning …” „… , the freedom to choose an occupation and the right to engage in work, the freedom to conduct a business …”

Jo Shaw, Lamin Khadar Article 39 – Right to Vote and to Stand as a Candidate at Elections to the European Parliament S. 1085-1112

„… Khadar 1 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Arts 51 and 52 generally (2012/C 326/02 …” „… . 39.0139.0239.03Art 39 – Right to Vote and Stand: European Parliament Jo Shaw and Lamin Khadar 1087 6 J Shaw …” „… Union citizens voting and standing as candidates in European Parliament elections (now Arts 20(2)(b) and …”

Elspeth Guild Article 19 – Protection in the Event of Removal, Expulsion or Extradition S. 573-596

„… States Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms 1995 also prohibits collective expulsion at …” „… the CJEU. 16 The provisions in Title V (the area of freedom security and justice) on third country …” „… EU ’ s Area of Freedom, Security and Justice ( CEPS Paper in Liberty and Security Series , Centre …”

Elizabeth Wicks Article 2 – Right to Life S. 25-38

„… Maastricht (Art 152) to ensure a high level of health protection in all Community policies and activities …” „… information relating to the availability of abortions in other states violated the freedom to provide and …” „… discussion of the relationship between Art 19(2) and Arts 2 and 4, see the chapter on Art 19 in this volume …”

Helen Stalford, Nuno Ferreira Article 32 – Prohibition of Child Labour and Protection of Young People at Work S. 923-942

„… child labour and protection of young people at work (Art 32) ’ in B Bercusson (ed), European Labour …” „… reflects the EU ’ s competence in the field of health and social policy (Art 153 TFEU). This strand of …” „… improving workers ’ health and safety (Art 153(1)(a) TFEU). This, in turn, is linked to the broader …”

Colm O’Cinneide Article 25 – The Rights of the Elderly S. 725-742

„… Chamber) , 19 July 2017 . 2 See in particular the provisions of Arts 3(2) and 10(2) of Directive …” „… and health care services are provided 25.0125.0225.0325.04Art 25 – The Rights of the Elderly Colm …” „… and co-operation policies, and the establishment of a common area of freedom, security and justice …”

Appendix S. 1891-1926

„… arts and sciencesThe arts and scientific research shall be free of constraint. Academic freedom shall …” „… 10(4) of the Treaty on European Union.Explanation on Article 13—Freedom of the arts and sciencesThis …” „… indivis-ible, universal values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity; it is based on the …”

Oxana Golynker Article 34 – Social Security and Social Assistance S. 985-1006

„… commentary. 2 Arts 18 – 21 and 45 – 66 TFEU. See also the secondary legislation referred to below. 3 …” „… separate Article 35 of the Charter. 34.0134.0234.03Art 34 – Social Security and Social Assistance Oxana …” „… that 34.1034.1134.1234.1334.1434.15Art 34 – Social Security and Social Assistance Oxana Golynker 989 …”

Mark Bell Article 20 – Equality Before the Law S. 597-612

„… ( Oxford , Oxford University Press , 2018 ). A Morrone and C Caruso , ‘ Art. 20 Uguaglianza davanti …” „… sledprivatizatsionen kontro EU:C:2016:824 , Opinion of AG Saugmandsgaard Ø e. 16 Art 11, Parliament and Council …” „… Carreras Sequeros and others EU:C:2020:676 . 19 In relation to Art 20, the Court held that, when viewed …”

Jeff Kenner, Katrina Peake Article 33 – Family and Professional Life S. 943-984

„… Kenner and Katrina Peake 1 Explanations [2007] OJ L303/17, 35. 2 Art 52(7) states: ‘ The …” „… the breadth and generality of Article 33(1), everything turns 33.0133.02Art 33 – Family and …” „… legally binding, it would be diffi cult to enforce this commitment 33.0433.0533.06Art 33 – Family and …”

Ivan Lazarov Article 42 – Right of Access to Documents S. 1153-1172

„… only when they are implementing Union law. ’ 7 See for example Arts 4(5), 5, 9(1) and (5), and 14(2 …” „… 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Arts 81 and 82 of the Treaty, OJ L …” „… Art 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; and the Council of Europe Convention on Access to …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… ............................................................................................................................... 404Article 13 – Freedom of the Arts and Sciences …” „… of rights and freedoms that were previously taken for granted in democratic societies, as …” „… decision-makers have grappled with the competing imperatives of respect for those rights and freedoms, on the one …”

Doyin Lawunmi The ‘Dublin Regulation’ and the Charter: An Impetus for Change S. 1839-1854

„… management of large-scale IT systems in the area of freedom, security and justice ( OJ [2013] L 180/1 …” „… Convention ’ . The creation of the ‘ Area of Freedom, Security and Justice ’ ( ‘ AFSJ ’ ), which included a …” „… 61.1261.1361.14The ‘Dublin Regulation’ and the Charter: An Impetus for Change Doyin Lawunmi 1843 21 Art 52(3) of …”

Gabriel N Toggenburg The Implementation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights by the EU Member States (as Refl ected in the Work of the EU Fundamental Rights Agency) S. 1791-1808

„… Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the social charters adopted by the Community and by the …” „… Wirtschaftsrecht 588. 34 Art 3(2) of the founding regulation sets out the substantive scope of the Agency and …” „… Pre-Lisbon version of Art 6(2) TEU referred to the ECHR and the general princi-ples of EU law—but not the …”

Albertina Albors-Llorens The Asymmetrical Impact of Article 47 of the Charter on National and EU Remedies S. 1735-1756

„… for the principle and its limitations and for its relationship with Art 6 ECHR. 7 These were …” „… a court or tribunal for ‘ everyone whose rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Union are violated …” „… Challenge through the Lens of Art 47 CFREU ’ [ 2014 ] 33 YEL 3, 5 – 18 and A Arnull , ‘ The Principle …”

Hanns Peter Nehl Article 48 (Administrative Law) – Presumption of Innocence and Right of Defence S. 1385-1412

„… entrusted with the implementation and enforcement of EU competition rules ( cf Arts 3, 5 and 6 of Regulation …” „… the same as Article 6(2) and (3) of the ECHR ’ (n 3). 22 The Explanatory note on Art 48 (n 21 …” „… ) confi rms that these rights are to be given the same meaning and scope as the rights guaranteed by Art …”

Alexander Kornezov The Charter and the General Court S. 1809-1838

„… human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism ’ (document A/HRC/12/22, point 42 …” „… of expression, 129 the right to property, 130 respect for private and family life, 131 freedom to …” „… . 137 Art 190 bis RPCJ and Art 105 RPGC. 138 Case T-541/10 ADEDY and Others v Council , EU:T …”

Erika Szyszczak Article 36 – Access to Services of General Economic Interest S. 1025-1040

„… health care (Art 35) and the right to strike (Art 28)) that rely on national law to assess whether the …” „… ) TFEU, was used in combination with the competition rules (and sometimes the 36.1136.1236.1336.14Art 36 …” „… provisions of the EU (Arts 18 and 20 TFEU) in relation to access to welfare benefi ts. 45 Thus national rules …”

Tobias Lock EU Accession to the ECHR S. 1873-1890

„… Accession to the ECHR Article 6 (ex Article 6 TEU) 1. The Union recognises the rights, freedoms and …” „… . The rights, freedoms and principles in the Charter shall be interpreted in accordance with the general …” „… Fundamental Freedoms and as they result from the constitutional traditions common to the Member States, shall …”

Paul Craig Article 41 – The Right to Good Administration S. 1125-1152

„… competition, and the ECJ verifi es whether this had been 41.2441.2541.26Art 41 – The Right to Good …” „… ) , Book III, Art 24. 51 C Eckes and J Mendes , ‘ The Right to be Heard in Composite Administrative …” „… , Art 14. ii. Content There is no general, detailed procedural code, and the content of hearing rights …”

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Indra Spiecker gen. Döhmann, Vagelis Papakonstantinou, Gerrit Hornung, Paul De Hert - General Data Protection Regulation

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Indra Spiecker gen. Döhmann (ed.), Vagelis Papakonstantinou (ed.), Gerrit Hornung (ed.), Paul De Hert (ed.)

General Data Protection Regulation

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Art. 85 Processing and freedom of expression and information Alexander Dix S. 1070-1085

„… ), para. 95 with further references.Processing and freedom of expression and information Art. 85Alexander …” „… et seq.Processing and freedom of expression and information Art. 85Alexander Dix 107345in that it …” „… freedom of information in Art. 85 poses the question of rapport between Art. 85 and Art. 86.23 While Art …”

Art. 1 Subject-Matter and Objectives Gerrit Hornung and Indra Spiecker gen. Döhmann S. 77-91

„… freedom under Art. 15 para. 1 CFR, and against the interests of the general public. The enhanced …” „… relating to the free movement of personal data.(2) This Regulation protects fundamental rights and freedoms …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23V. Protection of fundamental rights and freedoms (para. 2 …”

Art. 35 Data protection impact assessment Jens Ambrock and Moritz Karg S. 687-705

„… para. 4 and Art. 58 para. 2 lit. e higher administrative fines under Art. 83 para. 6 may be imposed …” „… protection impact assessment and prior consultationArt. 35Data protection impact assessment1. Where a type of …” „… purposes of the processing, is likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural …”

Art. 34 Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject Alexander Dix S. 681-686

„… high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller shall communicate the personal …” „… subsequent measures which ensure that the high risk to the rights and freedoms of data subjects referred to …” „… and time of communication (Art. 34 para. 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666 Recital 87 only …”

Art. 23 Restrictions Alexander Dix S. 543-563

„… of the fundamental rights and freedomsThe first material condition in Art. 23 requires the respect …” „… for the essence of fundamental rights and freedoms thereby referring to refers to Art. 52 para. 1, 1 …” „… framework to balance data protection with freedom of expression and freedom of information under Art 85 …”

Art. 66 Urgency procedure Indra Spiecker gen. Döhmann S. 975-982

„… according to Art. 60 is too lengthy because a measure is urgently needed to protect the rights and freedoms …” „… urgent need to act in order to protect the rights and freedoms of data subjects, it may, by way of …” „… derogation from the consistency mechanism referred to in Arts. 63, 64 and 65 or the procedure referred to in …”

Art. 33 Notification of a personal data breach to the supervisory authority Alexander Dix S. 670-680

„… the context of the negative risk assessment under Art. 33 the rights and freedoms at stake and the …” „… date (cf. recital 82 and Art. 30); undertaking audits of all systems processing personal data …” „… appropriate level of Art. 32 compliance will suffer legal and financial consequences. By virtue of Art. 83 …”

Art. 86 Processing and public access to official documents András Jóri S. 1086-1089

„… the Commission the provisions of its law adopted under Art. 85 para. 2 and all subsequent amendments …” „… under Art. 85 para. 1 nor to the existing (and unchanged) laws preceding the entry into force of Art. 85 …” „… . Precisely due to the differing perceptions in Member States in the area of freedom of expression and …”

Art. 68 European Data Protection Board Stephanie Schiedermair S. 986-990

„… . 78). Even if Art. 67 does not mention this, it will be advisable to involve the European Network and …” „… powers and is to play an enhanced role in European data protection than the previous Art. 29 WP.16In line …” „… with the proposal made by the EP and the Art. 29 WP,17 the GDPR gives the EDPB the status of a body of …”

Art. 17 Right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’) Artemi Rallo and Jorge Viguri S. 487-495

„… upon the freedom of expression and information (referring especially to the media; Art. 11 CFR); for …” „… freedom of expression and information;(b) for compliance with a legal obligation which requires processing …” „… erasure (‘right to be forgotten’) Art. 17487b) The long European debate and the pressure from …”

Art. 21 Right to object Laura Carmichael, Emma Cradock and Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon S. 518-524

„… reconcile the right to data protection with the freedom of expression and information (Art. 85 para. 2 …” „… . 20 para. 4 itself provides for such restrictions in order to protect the rights and freedoms of …” „… purposes (Art. 89 para. 2).F. Enforcement and sanctionsAs with all other rights of the data subject a …”

Art. 6(1)(f) Data processing for marketing purposes Domingos Farinho S. 345-355

„… or fundamental rights and freedoms of the data subject according to the general terms of Art. 6 para …” „… necessity principles”. The legislator foresees this possibility under Art. 89 and these provisions may apply …” „… processing of data regarding him, at no cost and without having to state his reasons” – and Art. 14 regarding …”

Art. 8 Conditions applicable to child's consent in relation to information society servicesThe authors would like to thank Ayça Atabey for her assistance in conducting the research for this chapter. J... S. 391-399

„… Information and Expression) and Art. 12 (Freedom of Association). It has always been accepted that the …” „… society services Art. 8Judith Rauhofer and Burkhard Schafer 391I. General overview …” „… data subject, allowing for a nuanced and gradual evaluation of the validity of consent. Art. 8 creates …”

Art. 6(1)(f) Video recording Domingos Farinho S. 363-375

„… under the DPD, by both the Art. 29 WP and the CJEU, as well as in the literature, remains somewhat …” „… silent on the subject.1 It is only convoked by the DPIA mechanism both through recital 91 and Art. 35 …” „… processing of personal data must already have been carried out in accordance with Art. 5 and Art. 6, and the …”

Art. 38 Position of the data protection officer Stefan Drewes and Sebastian Bretthauer S. 725-729

„… officer Art. 38Stefan Drewes and Sebastian Bretthauer 72767891011Freedom from instructions does not cover …” „… Art. 38Position of the data protection officer1. The controller and the processor shall ensure that …” „… ensure that any such tasks and duties do not result in a conflict of interests.Literature: Art. 29 WP 243 …”

Art. 6 Lawfulness of processing Giovanni Sartor S. 291-327

„… and freedoms of the data subject which require protection under Art. 1 (1).” From the comparison of …” „… ).Lawfulness of processing Art. 6Giovanni Sartor 3135657damental rights and freedoms of the data subject.” It …” „… protecting fundamental rights.113Art. 6Lawfulness of processing1. Processing shall be lawful only if and to …”

Art. 87 Processing of the national identification number Niko Tsakalakis S. 1090-1093

„… remarkable difference between the regulation provided by Arts. 85 and 86. While Art. 85 sets out that Member …” „… be established and so forth. As per Art. 85, this might not be the case where an exception of …” „… be used only under appropriate safeguards for the rights and freedoms of the data subject pursuant to …”

Art. 22 Automated individual decision-making, including profiling Olivia Tambou S. 525-542

„… and freedoms and legitimate interests” (Art. 22 para. 3).Moreover, it adds the requirement that the …” „… → Art. 89 mn. 8-13). Where applicable, this derogation would be subject to certain conditions and …” „… data subject's rights and freedoms and legitimate interests; or(c) is based on the data subject …”

Art. 10 Processing of personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences András Jóri S. 420-425

„… As to what might constitute “suitable and specific measures”, Art. 89 para. 1 provides for guidance …” „… . It emphasizes the importance of data minimisation and refers to pseudonymization as an example (→ Art …” „… seq.Art. 10Processing of personal data relating tocriminal convictions and offencesProcessing of personal …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Art. 84 1064CHAPTER IXPROVISIONS RELATING TO SPECIFIC PROCESSING SITUATIONSProcessing and freedom of …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Art. 4(23) 248Relevant and reasoned objection …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Art. 6(1)(f) 328Opinion and market research in the age of Big Data …”

Art. 30 Records of processing activities Laura Carmichael, Emma Cradock and Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon S. 649-655

„… in cases of direct effect as determined by the TFEU and the practice of the CJEU).Art. 30Records of …” „… processing activities Art. 30Laura Carmichael, Emma Cradock and Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon 6491112(f) where …” „… persons unless the processing it carries out is likely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of …”

Art. 32 Security of processing Evangelia Papadaki and Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon S. 659-669

„… likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller and the processor …” „… .Security of processing Art. 32Evangelia Papadaki and Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon 6591314destruction, loss …” „… subjects, Chapter IV deals with the obligations of data controllers and processors. Art. 32 comes under …”

Art. 6(1)(f) Opinion and market research in the age of Big Data Domingos Farinho S. 340-344

„… )(f)Opinion and market research in the age of Big DataLiterature: Art. 29 WP 203, ‘Opinion 03/2013 on purpose …” „… about people and markets. This makes for a wide and porous notion.1 See Ehmann, ‘Anhang 4 zu Art. 6’, in …” „… Simitis/Hornung/Spiecker gen. Döhmann, pp. 541-542, mn. 35.Art. 6(1)(f) Opinion and market research in the age of Big Data …”

Art. 18 Right to restriction of processing Domingos Farinho S. 496-502

„… forgotten in the light of the available technology and the costs of implementation. Remarkably, Art. 19 …” „… data in relation to specific provisions on the processing of personal data and freedom of expression …” „… the protection of personal data with the right to freedom of expression and information. This also …”

Art. 15 Right of access by the data subject Alexander Dix S. 466-479

„… about the identity of whistleblowers unless this would impair their rights and freedoms according to Art …” „… copy referred to in paragraph 3 shall not adversely affect the rights and freedoms of others.Literature …” „… Supervisor, Guidance on Art. 25 of the new Regulation and internal rules, December 2018; European Union …”

Art. 6(1)(f) Credit scoring Hans-W. Micklitz and Giovanni Sartor S. 356-362

„… rights and freedoms and legitimate interests are in place.”IV. Legal bases for credit scoringUnder Art …” „… , adopted on 9 April 2014; Art. 29 WP, Guidelines on Automated individual decision-making and Profiling for …” „… . The respective national databases must be accessiArt. 6(1)(f) Credit scoring356 Hans-W. Micklitz and …”

Art. 4(1) Personal data Domingos Farinho S. 135-147

„… State) within the meaning of Art. 9 para. 2 Rome I-Regulation and thus subject to an individual …” „… definitions presented in the remainder of Art. 4, maxime ‘data subject’, ‘processing’ and ‘controller’. The …” „… data protection law. Both Art. 16 TFEU and Art. 8 EU CFR use the concept of personal data to enshrine a …”

Art. 50 International cooperation for the protection of personal data Stephanie Schiedermair S. 854-857

„… appropriate safeguards for the protection of personal data and other fundamental rights and freedoms;(c …” „… .; Knyrim, Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (2016); C. Kuner. ‘Art. 50’, in: C. Kuner, L. A. Bygrave and C …” „… and the authorities.2 Pursuant to Art. 17 para. 1 sentence 6 TEU, the Comm is responsible for the EU …”

Art. 51 Supervisory authority Eva Souhrada-Kirchmayer S. 858-862

„… this Regulation, in order to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of natural persons in relation …” „… 2018 and, without delay, any subsequent amendment affecting them.Literature: F. Boehm, ‘Art. 51’, in: J …” „… ’, https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/law-topic/data-protection/data-protection-eu/eu-countries-gdpr-specific-notifications_en; B. Körffer, ‘Art. 51’, in: B. Paal and D. Pauly (eds), Datenschutz-Grundverordnung, 3rd edn …”

Art. 25 Data protection by design and by default Marco Almada, Juliano Maranhao and Giovanni Sartor S. 580-601

„… severity for rights and freedoms of natural persons posed by the processing. Art. 25 para. 2 is somewhat …” „… Data protection by design and by default1. Taking into account the state of the art, the cost of …” „… likelihood and severity for rights and freedoms of natural persons posed by the processing, the controller …”

Art. 36 Prior consultation Jens Ambrock and Moritz Karg S. 706-713

„… rights and freedoms of data subjects pursuant to this Regulation;(d) where applicable, the contact …” „… . Sydow Art. 36 Prior consultation706 Jens Ambrock and Moritz Kargand N. Marsch, DS-GVO/BDSG, 3rd edn …” „… pursuant to Art. 5 para. 1 lit. a and accountable pursuant to Art. 5 para. 2. Only identifiable risks …”

Art. 4(24) Relevant and reasoned objection Indra Spiecker gen. Döhmann S. 251-252

„… relationship between Art. 4 (23)(a) and Art. 4 (23)(b) GDPR. A controller or processor must either have …” „… view.Art. 4(24)Relevant and reasoned objection (24) ‘relevant and reasoned objection’ means an objection to …” „… freedoms of data subjects and, where applicable, the free flow of personal data within the Union;I. Aims …”

Art. 24 Responsibility of the controller Jos Dumortier and Pieter Gryffroy S. 564-579

„… likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons”.In essence, Art. 24 GDPR applies a …” „… CHAPTER IVCONTROLLER AND PROCESSORSection 1General obligationsArt. 24Responsibility of the …” „… of varying likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller …”

Art. 4(11) Consent Judith Rauhofer and Burkhard Schafer S. 195-215

„… protecting individuals’ fundamental rights and freedoms “in line with Art. 8 EU CFR”.25The DPD defined …” „… , Privacy and Freedom, New York 1967.I. General overview …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Consent Art. 4(11)Judith Rauhofer and Burkhard Schafer 195III. Freely given …”

Art. 95 Relationship with Directive 2002/58/EC Vagelis Papakonstantinou and Paul De Hert S. 1150-1154

„… according to Art. 68 et seq. This transition ensures continuity and legal certainty of the statements …” „… 's intention that the EDPB replaces the Art. 29 WP (rec. 139 sentence 4) and in principle performs the tasks …” „… more comprehensive tasks and powers to take legally binding decisions (→ Art. 68 mn. 5) does no harm …”

Art. 88 Processing in the context of employment Achim Seifert S. 1094-1112

„… rights and freedoms of others (Art. 52 para. 1 EU CFR). Hence, the objectives of general interest pursued …” „… and freedoms of others and Art. 23 para. 1 lit. j allows derogations from the standards of Art. 12 to …” „… employees’ fundamental rights and freedoms, in particular their right to data protection under Art. 8 EU …”

Art. 9 Processing of special categories of personal data András Jóri S. 400-419

„… right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion enshrined by Art. 10 of the CFR to be captured by …” „… general rule on any limitation on the rights and freedoms recognized by the CFR, see Art. 52 para. 1 (CFR …” „… verify and retain the information in accordance with Art. 7 para. 1 (→ Art. 7 mn. 1). This can involve …”

Art. 80 Representation of data subjects Olivia Tambou S. 1030-1035

„… ' rights and freedoms with regard to the protection of their personal data to lodge the complaint on his or …” „… . M. Frenzel, ‘Art. 80’, in: B. Paal and D. Pauly (eds), Datenschutz-Grundverordnung, Munich 2017; T …” „… , concerning the protection of his rights and freedoms in regard to the processing of personal data.”This new …”

Introduction S. 1-76

„… Property, Information Technology and Electronic Commerce Law 12 (2021), 246; A. Westin, Privacy and freedom …” „… it for 7 As three examples of many, Westin, Privacy and freedom (1967); Simitis, NJW 1971, 673 …” „… imbalances of power and restrictions of freedom, becomes a purely individual problem, for whose solution …”

Art. 89 Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes Laura Carmichael, Emma Crado... S. 1113-1121

„… Art. 89Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public …” „… be subject to appropriate safeguards, in accordance with this Regulation, for the rights and freedoms …” „… Eecke/Simkus, ‘Art. 88’, in Kuner/Bygrave/Docksey, para. 1.2.Safeguards and derogations relating to processing …”

Art. 41 Monitoring of approved codes of conduct Alexander Roßnagel and Philipp Richter S. 750-756

„… freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work according to Art. 15 CFR and its freedom to …” „… extensive and precise than Art. 27 DPD. However, there are still some important regulations missing which …” „… Datenschutzrecht, 2018, 49 et seq.Art. 41 Monitoring of approved codes of conduct750 Alexander Roßnagel and …”

Art. 7 Conditions for consent Judith Rauhofer and Burkhard Schafer S. 376-390

„… Right to objectConcerning video recording and surveillance under Art. 6 para. 1 lit. f, the right …” „… grounds for the processing which override the interests, rights and freedoms of the data subject or for …” „… prevalent over the interests, rights and freedoms of the data subject and should be able to demonstrate them …”

Art. 14 Information to be provided where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject Alexander DixInformation to be provided where personal data have not been obtained S. 458-465

„… required by this Regulation in order to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the data subject (Art. 5 para …” „… cases the controller shall take appropriate measures to protect the data subject's rights and freedoms …” „… under Art 23, Version 1.0 (for public consultation) adopted 15 December 2020; S. Wachter and B …”

Art. 20 Right to data portability Alexander Dix S. 508-517

„… . marketing purposes) would unlawfully affect the rights and freedoms of other persons under Art. 20 para. 4 …” „… . The right referred to in paragraph 1 shall not adversely affect the rights and freedoms of …” „… Through Data Portability – Economic and Legal Analysis of the Applicability of Art. 20 GDPR to the Data …”

Art. 27 Representatives of controllers or processors not established in the Union Gerrit Hornung S. 617-625

„… processing of personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences referred to in Art. 10, and is …” „… unlikely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, taking into account the nature …” „… and N. Marsch (eds), DS-GVO / BDSG, 3rd edn, Baden-Baden 2022; beyond that see → Art. 3.I. Aim and …”

Art. 4(4) Profiling Olivia Tambou S. 158-161

„… across different servers in different locations.It should be noted that Art. 3 no. 3 of the LED and Art …” „… identical terms to the GDPR. Given their joint legal history (→ Art. 98 mn. 10 and 11), the concept should …” „… profiling today and in the future: 7 Ibid, p. 305, mn. 2.8 See Dix, ‘Art. l 4 Nr. 3’, in …”

Art. 13 Information to be provided where personal data are collected from the data subject Alexander Dix S. 448-457

„… and Freedom Expression In the Age of Artificial Intelligence (2018); Art. 29 Working Party …” „… November 2020); Art. 19/Privacy International, Privacy and Freedom of Expression in the Age of Artificial …” „… . 40.Section 2Information and access to personal dataArt. 13Information to be provided where personal …”

Art. 2 Material scope Vagelis Papakonstantinou and Paul De Hert S. 92-115

„… . 5 para. 1 lit. a and Art. 6; this principle applies to any data processing whatsoever and does not …” „… and freedoms therefore supports specifically the free movement of personal data on the internal …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Material scope Art. 2Vagelis Papakonstantinou and Paul De Hert 93II. Material scope of the GDPR …”

Art. 4(25) Definitions Judith Rauhofer and Burkhard Schafer S. 253-257

„… not passing this threshold.15 However, this is not in accordance with the wording and the purposesArt …” „… Kuner/Bygrave/Docksey, p. 62.Definitions Art. 4(25)Judith Rauhofer and Burkhard Schafer 2535Complex Puzzle Built by the …” „… Transparency Directive.Art. 4(25) Definitions254 Judith Rauhofer and Burkhard Schafer1234included in the …”

Art. 90 Obligations of secrecy Cristina Pauner S. 1122-1127

„… professionals, Art. 7 CFR and Art. 8 ECHR) or the freedom of expression and information (in the case of …” „… countable for their decision to rely on a derogation and record their reasons for it (→ mn. 5; Art …” „… Art. 89 para. 4), the derogations outlined in Art. 89 para. 2 and para. 3 “shall apply only to …”

Art. 4(5) Pseudonymisation Marco Almada, Juliano Maranhao and Giovanni Sartor S. 162-167

„… for the rights and freedoms of the data subject, in case of profiling. Therefore, a DPIA is demanded …” „… ” (→ Art. 35 para. 3 mn. 22–23).13 Last, where profiling practices constitute “regular and systematic …” „… , Juliano Maranhao and Giovanni Sartor11I. General overviewArt. 4 no. 5 introduces the concept of …”

Art. 70 Tasks of the Board Stephanie Schiedermair S. 993-998

„… and to intensify the effort on the cooperation with and between national SAs.16Art. 69 does not …” „… individuals are already required to be independent via Art. 52 para. 3 and Art. 53.17 However, Art. 69 does …” „… key aspect of independence.Tasks of the Board Art. 70Stephanie Schiedermair 993456(a) monitor and …”

Art. 16 Right to rectification Alexander Dix S. 480-486

„… with freedom of expression and freedom of information (Art. 85 para. 2). The comments on these …” „… purposes or the purpose of academic, artistic or literary expression (Art. 85 para. 2) and by the …” „… or statistical purposes (Art. 89 paras. 2 and 3). As in the case of Art. 13 an analogous application …”

Art. 6(1)(f) Content personalisation Marco Almada, Juliano Maranhao, Giovanni Sartor S. 328-339

„… ” (recital 162).Art. 6(1)(f)Content personalisationLiterature: C. Bezemek, ‘Filter Bubble and Fundamental …” „… constrain the users’ right to freely form their own thoughts and opinion (Art. 10 and Art. 11 EU CFR).17 …” „… and Privacy, Cham 2020, p. 194.Art. 6(1)(f) Content personalisation332 Marco Almada, Juliano Maranhao …”

Art. 45 Transfers on the basis of an adequacy decision Peter Schantz S. 785-802

„… GDPR.55 Otherwise, it would be possible to circumvent the requirements of Art. 44 et seq. and to …” „… stage of the negotiations. Owing to their wording, the appropriate safeguards (Art. 46) and the …” „… exemptions contained in Art. 49 have a ‘blind spot’ with regard to the legal order of the third country and …”

Art. 5 Principles relating to processing of personal data Alexander Roßnagel and Philipp Richter S. 261-290

„… safeguards for the rights and freedoms of the data subject according to Art. 89(1) to a sufficient degree.73 …” „… Regulation in order to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the data subject (‘storage limitation’);(f …” „… responsible for, and be able to demonstrate compliance with, paragraph 1 (‘accountability’).Literature: Art …”

Art. 12 Transparent information, communication and modalities for the exercise of the rights of the data subject Alexander DixTransparent information, communication and modalities S. 434-447

„… CHAPTER IIIRIGHTS OF THE DATA SUBJECTSection 1Transparency and modalitiesArt. 12Transparent …” „… Automated Decision-making: Will it deliver? Potentials and limitations in ensuring the rights and freedoms …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Transparent information, communication and modalities Art. 12Alexander Dix 435I. Requirements …”

Art. 4(21) Supervisory authority Sebastian Bretthauer S. 242-243

„… appropriate safeguards for transfers to third countries in accordance with Art. 46 para. 1 lit. b and Art. 47 …” „… liability of the BCR (→ Art. 47 mn. 17) and an easily reachable point of contact for data subjects and SAs …” „… fundamental rights and freedoms of natural persons in relation to the processing and facilitation of the free …”

Art. 31 Cooperation with the supervisory authority Eva Souhrada-Kirchmayer S. 656-658

„… to do so.29Art. 31Cooperation with the supervisory authorityThe controller and the processor and …” „… the performance of its tasks.Literature J. Hartung, ‘Art. 31’, in: J. Kühling and B. Buchner (eds …” „… ), DS-GVO BDSG, 3rd edn, Munich 2020; A. Kieck, ‘Art. 31’, in: M. Eßer, P. Kramer and K. von Lewinski (eds …”

Art. 52 Independence András Jóri S. 863-872

„… The case of multiple SAs (paras. 1 and 3)Art. 51 para. 3 addresses the situation where Member …” „… Member State; and second, the designation of the lead SA under Art. 56 para. 1. In any event, in the …” „… para. 3 on reconciling the right to data protection with the right to freedom of expression and …”

Art. 4(12) Definitions Alexander Dix S. 216-218

„… lit. i). In addition, SAs can exercise their corrective powers under Art. 58 para. 2 lit. a to f and …” „… obligations to notify such breaches to supervisory authorities under Art. 33 and to communicate them to data …” „… technical or organisational measures (‘integrity and confidentiality’).” (Art. 5 para. 1 lit. f; → Art. 5 …”

Art. 4(22) Supervisory authority concerned Sebastian Bretthauer S. 244-247

„… participate in the cooperation and consistency mechanism under Art. 60 GDPR et seq.2 Whether a supervisory …” „… risks for the rights and freedoms of natural persons which may lead to physical, material or …” „… 2016, revised and adopted on 5 April 2017, 3.14 Ziebarth in Sydow, Art. 4 para. 249.15 Ziebarth in …”

Art. 57 Tasks Eva Souhrada-Kirchmayer S. 889-893

„… relating to the protection of natural persons' rights and freedoms with regard to processing;(d) promote …” „… referred to in Art. 28 para. 8 and in point (d) of Art. 46 para. 2;(k) establish and maintain a list in …” „… Art. 40 para. 1 and provide an opinion and approve such codes of conduct which provide sufficient …”

Index S. 1169-1211

„… raising 57 13Background checks 10 19Balance between data protection and freedom of expression and …” „… protection and freedom of information 86 3– exercise 21 13Balancing of interests 6 53– search engines …” „… .– freedom of speech, thought, and the press 6(1)(f) 19– human intervention 6(1)(f) 37– journalistic …”

Art. 81 Suspension of proceedings Olivia Tambou S. 1036-1040

„… a decision of the EDPB (→ mn. 20–22).The interplay between Art. 81 and the Regulation (EU) No …” „… needs to contest this in separate courts. More concretely, under Art. 60 para. 8 and para. 9, in case of …” „… Insurance Co. (Europe), EU:C:2013:858, para. 42 and the case law cited.Art. 81 Suspension of proceedings …”

Art. 78 Right to an effective judicial remedy against a supervisory authority Olivia Tambou S. 1017-1022

„… the CFR respectively. The right to an effective remedy is inspired by Art. 6 and 13 ECHR.1 It is a …” „… competent court; and Art. 78 para. 4 provides for the obligation of the SA to inform national courts about …” „… against through the courts; Art. 78 provides for two detailed rights and further specifies procedure and …”

Art. 79 Right to an effective judicial remedy against a controller or processor Olivia Tambou S. 1023-1029

„… recognised by the EU or protect the rights and freedoms of others.11 Art. 79 GDPR and national law has to be …” „… . Martini, ‘Art. 79’, in: B. Paal and D. Pauly (eds), Datenschutz-Grundverordnung, Munich 2017; P. A. de …” „… . Finally, it removed para. 3 and para. 4 of Art. 75 Comm-P, which referred to the possibility of suspension …”

Art. 77 Right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority Olivia Tambou S. 1010-1016

„… .Literature: P. Nemitz, ‘Art. 77’, in: E. Ehmann and M. Selmayr (eds), Datenschutz-Grundverordnung, 2nd edn …” „… , Munich 2018, 880–885; G. Sydow, ‘Art. 77’ in: G. Sydow and N. Marsch (eds), Europäische …” „… . Art. 77 is placed in the beginning of Chapter VIII, ‘Remedies, liability and penalties’. It …”

Art. 28 Processor András Jóri S. 626-645

„… required pursuant to Art. 32;(d) respects the conditions referred to in paras. 2 and 4 for engaging another …” „… controller or processor pursuant to Arts. 42 and 43.7. The Commission may lay down standard contractual …” „… and 4 shall be in writing, including in electronic form.10. Without prejudice to Arts. 82, 83 and 84 …”

Art. 91 Existing data protection rules of churches and religious associations Achim Seifert S. 1128-1135

„… protection and freedom of expression and information or in Art. 88 for data protection in the employment …” „… and their staffs, it’s been argued that any exemption from Art. 58 para. 1 lit. e and f can only apply …” „… frequent statement in the GDPR and is intended to enable the Comm to act as a guardian of the Treaties (Art …”

Art. 11 Processing which does not require identification Laura Carmichael, Emma Cradock and Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon S. 426-433

„… as stipulate the guarantees for the rights and freedoms of the data subjects.“Comprehensive register …” „… recalled that, since the purpose of the norms included in Art. 4 and Art. 10 are different, arguably acting …” „… identification426 Laura Carmichael, Emma Cradock and Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon21222324Literature: Art. 29 WP …”

Art. 43 Certification bodies Irene Kamara S. 767-774

„… Arts. 44 and 46 para. 1 lit. f are also met, constitutes an appropriate safeguard mechanism for …” „… Certification bodies Art. 43Irene Kamara 769I. RationaleArt. 43 is part of Chapter IV on Controller and …” „… authorities acting as certifying entities, Art. 43 provides the obligations, principles, and required …”

Art. 46 Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards Peter Schantz S. 803-822

„… (c)(i)(E)(1) and Sec. 3(d)(i)(H).Art. 46Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards1. In the absence of a …” „… , https://iapp.org/news/a/the-redress-mechanism-in-the-privacy-shield-successor-on-the-independence-and-effective-powers-of-the-dprc/; Lejeune, CR 2022, 775 (782 et seq.). Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards Art. 46Peter …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60I. PurposeAs adequacy decisions are still rare and recourse to Art. 49 remains an exception, Art …”

Art. 60 Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory authorities concerned Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and other authorities S. 904-914

„… CHAPTER VIICOOPERATION AND CONSISTENCYSection 1CooperationArt. 60Cooperation between the lead …” „… other supervisory authorities concerned to provide mutual assistance pursuant to Art. 61 and may …” „… procedure referred to in Art. 66 shall apply.12. The lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory …”

Art. 63 Consistency mechanism Indra Spiecker gen. Döhmann S. 927-937

„… respective jurisdiction (paras. 2 and 3 of Art. 55 being irrelevant to the aim and purpose of these …” „… para. 7 as in para. 8 of Art. 61, and the relevant provisions should be read and applied in an …” „… from Art. 61 and the broader data protection purposes should be interpreted as creating an obligation …”

Art. 40 Codes of conduct Alexander Roßnagel and Philipp Richter S. 736-749

„… para. 4 and Art. 47 para. 2 lit. h are not provided for in Art. 83 para. 4 and 5. In this respect, the …” „… this Article and having 19 In detail Drewes, ‘Art. 39’ in Simitis/Hornung/Spiecker gen. Döhmann para …” „… , 18(5), 14 et seq.Art. 40 Codes of conduct736 Alexander Roßnagel and Philipp Richter2829general …”

Art. 83 General conditions for imposing administrative fines Olivia Tambou S. 1051-1063

„… . M. Frenzel, ‘Art. 82, 83’, in: B. Paal and D. Pauly (eds), Datenschutz-Grundverordnung, Munich 2017 …” „… dem Bussche, ‘Enforcement and Fines under GDPR’, in: P. Voigt and A. von dem Bussche Art. 83 General …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35IV. The determination of the fine upper limit: Art. 83 para. 4, para. 5 and 6 . . . . . 36V. A …”

Art. 26 Joint controllers Jos Dumortier and Pieter Gryffroy S. 602-616

„… Art. 26Joint controllers1. Where two or more controllers jointly determine the purposes and means …” „… of the controllers.Literature: N. Bertermann, ‘Art. 26’, in: E. Ehmann and M. Selmayr (eds …” „… and D. Pauly (eds), Datenschutz-Grundverordnung, 3rd edn, Munich 2021; K.-U. Plath, ‘Art. 26’, in …”

Art. 49 Derogations for specific situations Peter Schantz S. 838-853

„… Member State and the third country that covers the request for surrender. Art. 48 explicitly mentions …” „… defence of legal claims (Art. 49 para. 1 subpara. 1 lit. d and lit. e; cf. recital 115 sentences 4 and 5 …” „… regulatory effect and limits its meaning to an interpretative guideline. As also explicitly stated by Art …”

Art. 3 Territorial scope Gerrit Hornung S. 116-134

„… . Schantz and H. Wolff, Art. 3 Territorial scope116 Gerrit HornungDas neue Datenschutzrecht, Munich 2017; P …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62I. Aim and function of the provisionArt. 3 determines the territorial scope of the GDPR. The …” „… application (Art. 288 para. 2 TFEU) and the principle of rule of law, i.e., the administration's obligation to …”

Art. 64 Opinion of the Board Indra Spiecker gen. Döhmann S. 938-958

„… the rights and freedoms of affected persons. In line with the objectives of the GDPR (→ Art. 1 mn. 5 …” „… lack of joint investigations. The first Art. 97 report54 requests the EDPB and the supervisory …” „… ’, ZD, 2016, 255.Opinion of the Board Art. 64Indra Spiecker gen. Döhmann 939I. Systematic, history and …”

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Jens-Hinrich Binder, Christos V. Gortsos, Klaus Lackhoff, Christoph Ohler - European Banking Union

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Jens-Hinrich Binder (ed.), Christos V. Gortsos (ed.), Klaus Lackhoff (ed.), Christoph Ohler (ed.)

European Banking Union

2022

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Art. 17 SSM Framework Regulation Right of establishment and exercise of the freedom to provide services in relation to non-participating Member States Framework Regulation S. 260-264

„… RegulationRight of establishment and exercise of the freedom to provideservices in relation to non-participating …” „… instance, when per-forming its enumerated tasks under Arts. 4 and 5 SSM‑FR, the ECB is expected to re-spect …” „… increased trading and clearing of risky financial instrumentssuch as credit default swaps.8 Art. 8(1 …”

Art. 16 SSM Framework Regulation Competent authority of the host Member State for freedom to provide services Framework Regulation S. 259-260

„… directives.Art. 17 SSM Framework RegulationRight of establishment and exercise of the freedom to provideservices …” „… thehost Member State where the branch is significant and will supervise the branch directly.B. Art. 14(2 …” „… State for freedom toprovide services1. In accordance with Article 4(2) and within the scope of Article …”

Art. 14 SSM Framework Regulation Competent authority of the host Member State for branches Framework Regulation S. 258-259

„… European Banking Union and the Role of Law (Edward Elgar, 2019).1 Art. 13(1) SSM‑FR.2 Art. 13(2) SSM‑FR.3 …” „… Member State where the branch is significant and will supervise the branch directly.B. Art. 14(2) SSM …” „… State for freedom toprovide services1. In accordance with Article 4(2) and within the scope of Article …”

Art. 15 SSM Framework Regulation Notification of the exercise of the freedom to provide services within the SSM by credit institutions established in non-participating Member States Framework Regulati... S. 259

„… thehost Member State where the branch is significant and will supervise the branch directly.B. Art. 14(2 …” „… State for freedom toprovide services1. In accordance with Article 4(2) and within the scope of Article …” „… exercise the freedom to provide services in participating MemberStates.1 Art. 14(2) SSM Framework …”

Art. 12 SSM Framework Regulation Exercise of the freedom to provide services by credit institutions within the SSM Framework Regulation S. 256-257

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1B. Notification of NCA and ECB – Art. 11(1)-(2) SSM Framework Regulation 2C. Decision by the ECB …” „… . Notification of NCA and ECB – Art. 11(1)-(2) SSM FrameworkRegulationSignificant supervised entities seeking to …” „… seeking to establish a branch.2Art. 12 SSM Framework RegulationExercise of the freedom to provide services …”

Art. 59 SRMR Part I of the budget on the administration of the Board Andreas Witte S. 1030-1035

„… matters. The first is thescope of revenues and expenditures which make up Part I of the SRB budget (Arts …” „… wording between Art. 59(1)and Art. 65 SRMR leaves no doubt that the contributions envisaged here are those …” „… that this means donations and bequests from third parties to the SRB, as envisagedby Art. 21 SRB-FR …”

Art. 13 SSM Framework Regulation Notification of the exercise of the right of establishment within the SSM by credit institutions established in non-participating Member States Framework Regulation S. 257-258

„… European Banking Union and the Role of Law (Edward Elgar, 2019).1 Art. 13(1) SSM‑FR.2 Art. 13(2) SSM‑FR.3 …” „… exercise the freedom to provideservices by carrying on its activities within the territory of another …” „… Article 39(1) of Directive 2013/36/EU. The notification shall becommunicated to the ECB and to the NCA of …”

Art. 89 SRMR Data protection Christos V. Gortsos S. 1190-1195

„… conditions under which the Board mayrestrict the application of the rights enshrined in Arts. 14-21, 35 and …” „… Controller, with whom rights may be exercised, the DPO and the EDPS.9 Art. 1(1) Data Protection Decision.10 …” „… Art. 1(2) Data Protection Decision and Recitals (4)-(5) Data Protection Decision.11 Recital (2) Data …”

Art. 11 SSM Framework Regulation Right of establishment of credit institutions within the SSM Framework Regulation S. 255-256

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1B. Notification of NCA and ECB – Art. 11(1)-(2) SSM Framework Regulation 2C. Decision by the ECB …” „… . Notification of NCA and ECB – Art. 11(1)-(2) SSM FrameworkRegulationSignificant supervised entities seeking to …” „… seeking to establish a branch.2Art. 12 SSM Framework RegulationExercise of the freedom to provide services …”

Art. 7 SSMR Close cooperation with the competent authorities of participating Member States whose currency is not the euro Christoph OhlerClose cooperation with the competent authorities of participat... S. 133-141

„… , onthe measures they have taken and on the performance of their tasks in accordance withArt. 6(6) SSMR …” „… with Art. 7SSMR. This distinction reflects a fundamental principle of the architecture of Econo-mic and …” „… As a consequence, Art. 139(2)(1)(e) and (2) TFEU and Arts. 34 and 42 of the ESCBStatute confine the …”

Art. 18 SRMR Resolution procedureThe information and views set out in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission doe... S. 666-690

„… and to cancel suchshares or other instruments of ownership), Art. 63(1)(i) BRRD (power to require an …” „… ), and Art. 63(1)(j) BRRD (power to amend or alterthe maturity of debt instruments and other eligible …” „… law (Art. 84(3) Dir. 2017/113233), including, inparticular, the requirement that increases and …”

Art. 19 SSMR Independence Fabian Amtenbrink S. 277-288

„… ; CaseT-203/18, VQ v ECB, ECLI:EU:T:2020:313, paragraphs 94, 117; Recitals 60, 63, 86 SSMR and Art. 47 (1 …” „… , 69 and 75.46 Art. 31 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation …” „… of therules on competition laid down in Art. 81 and 82 of the Treaty, OJ L1, 4.1.2003 at p. 1 …”

Art. 1 SSMR Subject matter and scope Christoph Ohler S. 1-13

„… Single Supervisory Mechanism RegulationArt. 1 SSMRSubject matter and scopeThis Regulation confers …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Art. 1 SSMR Subject matter and scope2 Christoph OhlerA. Origins of the SSMI. IntroductionThe …” „… permits creditinstitutions to exercise the freedom of establishment and the freedom to provide servicesin …”

Art. 4 SSMR Tasks conferred on the ECB Klaus Lackhoff and Andreas Witte S. 37-85

„… supervisors.II. Art. 3(6)(2) and (3) SSMR: MoU with competent authorities inMember States host to global …” „… maintain additional capital buffers (Art. 131 CRD IV)and meet higher loss absorbency requirements (see …” „… Art. 4 SSMRKlaus Lackhoff and Andreas Witte 37363738(a) to authorise credit institutions and to …”

Art. 47 SRMR Independence Fabian Amtenbrink S. 968-973

„… Freedom:Politicians and the Independence and Accountability of financial Sector Supervisors’, IMF Working PaperWP …” „… that they perform pursuant to Art. 7(3) SRMR withregard to the less significant entities and groups. In …” „… application of the prin-ciples of subsidiarity and proportionality, attached to the TEU and TFEU.Art. 47 SRMR …”

Art. 10a SRMR Power to Prohibit Certain DistributionsAs amended by Art. 1(5) SRMR II. Matthias Haentjens S. 552-562

„… the organizational, legal and business structure of an institution (Art. 10(11)(a), (g) and(h) SRMR …” „… ); (b) financial measures relating to its assets and liabilities and products(Art. 10(11)(b), (d)-(f …” „… ), (i)-(j) SRMR); and (c) additional information requirements(Art. 10(11)(c) SRMR). It is worth noting that …”

Art. 9 SSMR Supervisory and investigatory powersThis contribution should not be reported as representing the views of the European Central Bank (ECB). The views expressed are those of the author and d... S. 146-158

„… reflected in the performance of external competences.Art. 9 SSMRSupervisory and investigatory powers11. For …” „… ECB.Art. 9 SSMR Supervisory and investigatory powers146 Georg GruberGunnar Schuster, ‘The banking …” „… . IntroductionArt. 9 SSMR is a general provision on the ECB’s supervisory and investigatorypowers which are further …”

Art. 20 SSMR Accountability and reporting Fabian Amtenbrink S. 288-302

„… authority within the SSM have to be considered problematic.II. Ethics Framework and Code of Conduct (Art …” „… Art. 20 SSMRAccountability and reporting1. The ECB shall be accountable to the European Parliament and …” „… and reporting Art. 20 SSMRFabian Amtenbrink 289Financial Markets (Springer, Basel 2016), 67; Roberto …”

Art. 16 SSMR Supervisory powers Christos V. Gortsos S. 235-251

„… application and conditions (Art. 16(1) SSMR) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1I. Objective and field of application …” „… other core supervisory elements Art. 16(2)(b)-(f) and(k) SSMR …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Art. 16(2)(b) SSMR: reinforcement of arrangements, processes,mechanisms and strategies …”

Art. 20 SRMR Valuation for the purposes of resolution Christos V. Gortsos S. 699-717

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1I. The obligations set out in Art. 20 SRMR and its field of application . . . . . . . . . 1II …” „… valuation(s) (Art. 20(1)-(9) and 20(15) SRMR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15I. General principles …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28C. The provisional and the ex-post definitive valuation(Art. 20(10)-(13) SRMR …”

Art. 99 SRMR Entry into force Christos V. Gortsos S. 1226-1254

„… report each time at the end of that month.Α. Entry into force and principal date of application (Art …” „… . Entry into force and principal date of application(Art. 99((1)-(2) SRMR)(1) The SRMR entered into force …” „… SRMR on the Regulation’s subject matter andscope; Arts. 3-4 SRMR on definitions and participating …”

Art. 17 SSMR Powers of host authorities and cooperation on supervision on a consolidated basis Kern AlexanderPowers of host authorities and cooperation on supervision S. 251-252

„… Powers relating to reporting and disclosure requirementsArt. 16(2)(j) and (l) SSMRArt. 16(2)(j …” „… doubtful whether is always justified.Powers of host authorities and cooperation on supervision Art. 17 …” „… and Guido Ferrarini (eds), European BankingUnion (2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2020).Art …”

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VRÜ Verfassung und Recht in Übersee

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VRÜ | WCL Volume 33 (2000) Issue 4 ISSN Online: 2941-9603

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Heinrich Scholler La nouvelle Constitution éthiopienne et ses effets sur l’ordre juridique S. 454-469

„… pré-constitutionnel est sûrement encore 14 Ibrahim Idris: Freedom of Religion and Secularisation of State: The …” „… ); Art. 644 (husbands control over the wife´s conduct and relations). 17 Le droit civil est considéré …” „… Freedom of the Press". Les normes les plus importantes règlent les matières suivantes: l'art. 5 garantit …”

Buchbesprechungen S. 504-541

„… the strictly legal and at times non-contextualized approach of the book. Karin Arts …” „… "Weltpolitik der einzig verbliebenen Weltmacht gegenüber", die sich "von einer Art Küstenschutz des …” „… äußeren) Friedens zukomme. Das Meinungsspektrum ist hier ebenso breit wie zu anderen Themen (etwa zur …”

Abstracts S. 429-431

„… is characterised by economic rights (art. 18 sec. 1 and 2 of the Charter) and the positive …” „… the protection provided for under art. 18. However, international human rights law and the fact that …” „… and regional human rights instruments. Although art. 60 of the Charter raises questions of …”

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