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Christoph Grabenwarter

European Convention on Human Rights

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2014

Results in this title

– Prohibition of discrimination S. 361-385

„… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmArticle 14 – Prohibition of discriminationThe enjoyment of …” „… 14 – Prohibition of discriminationArt. 14340Reemers Publishing Services GmbHo:/Beck …” „… (obligation to serve as a juror).Article 14 – Prohibition of discriminationArt. 14 5, 6344Reemers Publishing …”

Protocol No. 12 S. 464-466

„… seq.Article 1 – General prohibition of discriminationP12 – 1 1–3444Reemers Publishing Services GmbHo:/Beck …” „… the general prohibition of discrimination is applicable, theCourt, for the interpretation of the …” „… general prohibition of discrimination concerns, first,the right not to be discriminated against in the …”

Index S. 566-577

„… , see ImmunityDisability– prohibition of discrimination 14, 28– school P1-2, 7Disciplinary– measures in …” „… traffickingSexual orientation 14, 10, 27, 30– prohibition of discrimination 8, 54; 14, 10,27, 30Sharia 10, 7, 39; 11 …” „… Withdrawal of driving licence P7-4, 2Witness 2, 23; 6, 143-150Women, prohibition of discrimination 14, 15,16 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-21

„… ............................................................................................................................ 339Article 14 – Prohibition of discrimination …” „… ........................................................................................................................ 443Article 1 – General prohibition of discrimination …” „… ................................................................. 25Article 3 – Prohibition of torture …”

Full text of the European Convention on Human Rights (including Protocols Nos. 1, 4, 6, 7, 12 and 13) S. 468-503

„… : 160.00mm 240.00mmARTICLE 14Prohibition of discriminationThe enjoyment of the rights and freedoms set …” „… all persons throughthe collective enforcement of a general prohibition of discrimination by means of …” „… General prohibition of discrimination1. The enjoyment of any right set forth by law shall be secured …”

– Prohibition of slavery and forced labour S. 74-81

„… discrimination of men with regard to this civicobligation in breach of Article 14.30IV. Prohibition of …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmArticle 4 – Prohibition of slavery and forced labour1. No …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1II. Prohibition of slavery and servitude …”

– Right to marry S. 340-347

„… family, and the prohibition of discrimination, in: Boelle-Woelki/Fuchs (ed.),Legal recognition of …” „… argument that a temporary prohibition of remarriage isdesigned to preserve the rights of others, namely …” „… children-in-law under UK law. While the Court foundthat the aims of the prohibition (protection of the integrity …”

– Freedom of thought, conscience and religion S. 255-271

„… ; ECtHR, 24/2/1998, Larissis vGRE, No. 23372/94 et al (prohibition of proselytism); ECtHR, 27/6/2000 (GC …” „… assured.Within the ECHR correlations with Article 14, which expressly prohibits discriminations on grounds of …” „… communities interfere with the freedom of religion.58 However, the prohibition of ritual slaughtering does not …”

– Freedom of expression S. 272-317

„… Article 19 of the ICCPR. In addition, theICCPR includes a ‘prohibition of propaganda for war and advocacy …” „… One might argue the prohibition of the abuse of rights laid down in Article 17leads to a different …” „… disturbance, the fine imposed was disproportionate.19Taking account of the prohibition of abuse when …”

– Right to family life S. 204-254

„… family life, the rightto marry and to found a family, and the prohibition of discrimination, in …” „… Life, the Right to Marry and to Found aFamily and the Prohibition of Discrimination, in …” „… from the right to life guaranteed under Article 2 and the prohibition of torture and inhuman and …”

Protocol No. 1 S. 386-430

„… closely linked to the prohibition of discriminationunder Article 14. The phrase ‘No person shall…’ lays …” „… principleof non-discrimination under Article 14.366 Lastly, inheritance rights fall within the ambit of the …” „… Article 2 of Protocol No. 1, the access to existing educationalinstitutions must be free of discrimination …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845258942

Edoardo Ales, Mark Bell, Olaf Deinert, Sophie Robin-Olivier - International and European Labour Law

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Edoardo Ales (ed.), Mark Bell (ed.), Olaf Deinert (ed.), Sophie Robin-Olivier (ed.)

International and European Labour Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2018

Results in this title

Mark Bell Article 14 ECHR Prohibition of discrimination S. 461-466

„… Article 14 ECHR Prohibition of discrimination The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms set forth in …” „… prohibition of indirect discrimination: ‘the Court has also accepted that a general policy or measure that has …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 III. Concept of discrimination …”

Elise Muir, Lisa Waddington Directive 2000/78/EC establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation S. 520-547

„… is prohibited on four explicit grounds under Article 1. The prohibition of discrimination applies to …” „… suggest that workers are protected by the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of disability as soon …” „… carved out a special regime for the prohibition of age discrimination, so that the focus is most often on …”

Marie-Ange Moreau ILO Convention 29 Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29) S. 1049-1073

„… local level against forced labour – and to operate also by the prohibition of discriminations – always …” „… prohibition of slavery, which began in 1777, in Vermont (USA), and ended in 1992, in Pakistan. Since the ILO’s …” „… exception. The action against forced labour was, from the beginning, linked together with the prohibition of …”

Anna Alaimo Article 106 TFEU S. 111-117

„… ’ provisions, including Article 18 (Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality) and Articles …” „… of State aid, as well as of the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality. As we …” „… contained in the Treaties and in particular of the competition rules on the “abuse” and on the prohibition …”

Martina Benecke Directive 92/85/EEC on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health at work of pregnant workers and workers who have recently given birth or are breastfeeding S. 1252-1268

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 b) Extent of the prohibition …” „… fertility treatment may constitute gender discrimination in terms of Directive 76/207.20 After the nidation …” „… , direct discrimination on the grounds of sex is likely when an employer takes an employee’s pregnancy into …”

Jean-Philippe Lhernould Directive 2008/104/EC on temporary agency work S. 894-906

„… ” (Preamble, point 9). This said, this is mainly in practice the principle of non-discrimination upon age …” „… ” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 III. Review of restrictions or prohibitions …” „… . III. Review of restrictions or prohibitions Article 4 Review of restrictions or prohibitions 1 …”

Mark Bell Article 20 RESC The right to equal opportunities and equal treatment in matters of employment and occupation without discrimination on the grounds of sex S. 316-319

„… to enforce their rights against ‘retaliatory measures’.17 The prohibition of sex discrimination …” „… occupation without discrimination on the grounds of sex With a view to ensuring the effective exercise of the …” „… discrimination on the grounds of sex, the Parties undertake to recognise that right and to take appropriate …”

Orsola Razzolini Directive 2010/41/EU on the application of the principle of equal treatment between men and women S. 586-602

„… of the prohibition of direct or indirect discrimination on the ground of sex to conditions for access …” „… . Article 3: The definition of discrimination and harassment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 IV …” „… ‘consumers’ of goods and services.20 In fact, the purpose of the Directive is to combat discrimination based …”

Edoardo Ales, Mark Bell, Olaf Deinert, Sophie Robin-Olivier General Introduction

„… (R)ESC or the Declaration of Philadelphia. – Equality Law: • Prohibition of discrimination in employment …” „… ‘Treaty of Rome’) included a prohibition against discrimination based on nationality, and a requirement of …” „… major fields: equality and the prohibition of discrimination; work contracts (in particular, nonstandard …”

Vincenzo Pietrogiovanni ILO Convention 89 Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised) and P 89 – Protocol of 1990 to the Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1948 S. 1343-1355

„… prohibition of night work for female workers in the industry. It was adopted on 9 July 1948, in San Francisco …” „… prohibition for certain groups of female workers or for certain sectors or enterprises employing female …” „… international regulation is a general prohibition of night work for women in public or private industry, without …”

David Fennelly International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Article 26 (ICCPR) S. 433-438

„… are entitled without any discrimination to the equal protection of the law. In this respect, the law …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 IV. The concept of discrimination in Article 26 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 V. The prohibited grounds of discrimination under Article 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 Prohibition of discrimination …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 VII CHAPTER II CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Prohibition of slavery and …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Article 31 CFREU 219 Prohibition of child labour and protection of young people at work …”

Paola Saracini Article 54 CFREU Prohibition of abuse of rights S. 248-253

„… CJEU Commission v. Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. [2008] ECR I-4323 Article 54 CFREU Prohibition of abuse …” „… of the rights and freedoms provided for therein. In particular, this article codifies the prohibition …” „… diritto” nell’ordinamento dell’Unione Europea’ (2012) 2 RDI 329. The prohibition of abuse of rights is a …”

Anna Lawson United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) S. 455-461

„… has expressed concern in this regard include the failure of discrimination prohibitions to cover all …” „… ECHR Prohibition of discrimination The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms set forth in this …” „… provides an ambitious framework for combating discrimination against women in matters of employment, with …”

Mark Bell Article 21 CFREU Non-discrimination S. 203-209

„… for Member States to exclude the armed forces from the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of age …” „… effect of Directives. On several occasions, the Court has held that the prohibition on discrimination …” „… discrimination on grounds of nationality shall be prohibited. I. Foreword …”

Maria Teresa Carinci ILO Convention 158 Termination of Employment Convention, 1982 (No. 158) S. 1149-1165

„… , 1951; Abolition of Forced Labour Convention n° 105 1957; Discrimination (Employment) Convention n° 111 …” „… . Only the prohibition of termination for discriminatory reasons (Convention No. 111 of 1981) and the …” „… elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. The 1998 Declaration links eight core …”

Anna Alaimo Article 102 TFEU S. 107-111

„… particular, the principle of free movement of workers (and the general prohibition of discrimination on …” „… . Although the prohibition of abuse was initially conceived in relation to the phenomenon of large private …” „… using the rules and prohibitions of European competition law. So, competition rules – and in particular …”

Martina Benecke ILO Conventions 3, 103 and 183 on Maternity Protection S. 1365-1370

„… any child without discrimination whatsoever. Aspects of maternity protection The provisions concerning …” „… substitute by social assistance funds41 as well as the medical benefits.42 The aim of the prohibition to make …” „… “adopt appropriate measures to ensure that maternity does not constitute a source of discrimination in …”

Elaine Dewhurst Introduction: Labour Rights of Third-Country National Workers in the European Union S. 806-840

„… of non-discrimination35 and the Directive, therefore, seeks to ensure equal treatment in a “wide …” „… non-discrimination55 or was “liable to jeopardise the achievement of the objectives pursued by the Directive and …” „… treatment between men and women and other provisions on non-discrimination.157 As regards freedom of …”

Helen Stalford Article 32 CFREU Prohibition of child labour and protection of young people at work S. 219-225

„… prohibition of discrimination on grounds of age prevents provisions within collective agreements which allow …” „… , see the comment by E Ales on part 6, Chapter I. Article 32 CFREU Prohibition of child labour and …” „… includes children. Other 22 H Stalford, ‘Article 32 – Prohibition of child labour and protection of young …”

Paola Saracini Article 53 CFREU Level of protection S. 244-248

„… anti-discrimination laws in these areas of Member State or private action, nor does it lay down a sweeping ban of …” „… Duchy of Luxembourg. [2008] ECR I-4323 Article 54 CFREU Prohibition of abuse of rights Nothing in this …” „… of the rights and freedoms provided for therein. In particular, this article codifies the prohibition …”

Edoardo Ales Article 1 RESC The right to work S. 253-255

„… the ECSR a very broad interpretation to include the prohibition of any form of discrimination5 in …” „… interpretation also to include the prohibition of forced or compulsory labor. This has been defined, following …” „… ensuring the effective exercise of the right to work, the Parties undertake: 1 to accept as one of their …”

Olaf Deinert Introduction: Working Conditions S. 934-937

„… . This freedom was from the very beginning connected with a prohibition of discrimination. A result of …” „… standards of protection.1 This concerns protection against slavery and forced labour, prohibition of child …” „… prohibition of slavery and forced labour. But some of these fundamental rights have an influence on labour law …”

Mark Bell Equality: Introduction S. 431-433

„… prohibition on discrimination in the enjoyment of the rights conferred by the Charter. Within European Union …” „… 2000, this was extended to other grounds of discrimination: racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief …” „… ). The growth in specific laws on combating discrimination has made this one of the most dynamic areas of …”

Antonio Riefoli ILO Convention 189 Domestic Workers Convention, 2011 (No. 189) S. 916-934

„… particularly vulnerable to discrimination as far as conditions of employment and work are concerned. The …” „… labour; (c) the effective abolition of child labour; and (d) the elimination of discrimination in respect …” „… collective bargaining, elimination of forced labour, abolition of child labour, elimination of discrimination …”

Ellen Birkhahn, Ulla Gläßer Directive 2008/52/EC on certain aspects of mediation in civil and commercial matters S. 1650-1678

„… Evacuation of workers 6 I Dir. 89/391 85 Exceptions to the prohibition of discrimination – Age 2 II Dir …” „… . 1 RESC 8 – prohibition of discrimination 1 III Art. 1 RESC 5 – prohibition of forced labour 1 III …” „… Forms of Discrimination against Women CRPD United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with …”

Mark Bell Article 19 TFEU S. 23-26

„… basis for the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of obesity.21 V. List of cases Date Case no …” „… obtaining the consent of the European Parliament, may take appropriate action to combat discrimination based …” „… the role for the EU in combating discrimination. Building upon the foundations of Article 119 EEC on …”

Mark Bell Article 15 RESC The right of persons with disabilities to independence, social integration and participation in the life of the community S. 307-310

„… adequately covered by the reference to “other status”’.4 The prohibition of discrimination in Article E was …” „… discrimination grounds that it protects. In Autism- Europe v France,2 the European Committee of Social Rights …” „… listed as a prohibited ground of discrimination under Article E, the Committee considers that it is …”

Alexia Gardin Directive 1999/70/EC concerning the Framework Agreement on fixed-term work S. 882-894

„… de droit européen du travail (Bruylant 2016). Articles: M Bell, ‘The principle of non-discrimination …” „… non-discrimination; (b) establish a framework to prevent abuse arising from the use of successive fixed-term …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 III. Principle of non-discrimination (clause 4 …”

Silvia Borelli Article 157 TFEU S. 176-188

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1. Prohibition of direct and indirect discrimination …” „… Prohibition of direct and indirect discrimination According to the ECJ, the complete implementation of the aim …” „… directly or indirectly, in respect of his employment, from his employer. Equal pay without discrimination …”

Sylvaine Laulom Article 30 CFREU Protection in the event of unjustified dismissal S. 942-948

„… for a prohibition of dismissal in specific circumstances. For example, the Pregnancy and Maternity …” „… articles of the Charter, including Article 21 on non-discrimination, Article 23 on equality between women …” „… ‘Prohibition of Dismissal’ of the Directive 92/85/EEC on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements …”

Eugenia Caracciolo di Torella Article 8 RESC The right of employed women to protection of maternity S. 304-307

„… law where the established case law of the CJEU states that the prohibition to dismiss a pregnant woman …” „… ling the material they host, encouraging the development and use of the best monitoring system for …” „… material can be reported.51 Protection from other forms of exploitation Parties must prohibit the abuse of …”

David Fennelly Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Articles 1, 2, 3, 4 and 11 (CEDAW) S. 449-455

„… importance of this provision in pursuing the objective of eliminating racial discrimination. In addition to …” „… Elimination of Racial Discrimination Yilmaz-Dogan v. The Netherlands, (1988) Art 2 Convention on the …” „… Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Articles 1, 2, 3, 4 and 11 (CEDAW) I. Foreword The …”

Sudabeh Kamanabrou, Anne Christin Wietfeld Directive 2010/18/EU implementing the revised Framework Agreement on parental leave concluded by BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME, CEEP and ETUC S. 1026-1049

„… paras 54-56). However, the idea of a general prohibition of discrimination already took shape under the …” „… Working Conditions 1028 Sudabeh Kamanabrou and Anne Christin Wietfeld 1 2 3 of All Forms of Discrimination …” „… completed by the provisions about discrimination of the Parental Leave Directive. Historical development The …”

Marco Peruzzi Article 175 TFEU S. 188-195

„… remarked in the EU regulatory fields concerning the fight against discrimination10 and the integration of …” „… social and anti-discrimination objectives set out by art 9 and 10 TFEU.13 The equal value of cohesion and …” „… Prohibition of slavery and forced labour 1. No one shall be held in slavery or servitude. 2. No one shall be …”

Franz Christian Ebert ILO Convention 182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182) S. 1165-1179

„… immediate and effective measures to secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child …” „… the prohibition by law, criminal law has a key role in this regard. That said, other bodies of …” „… , prohibitions of child trafficking limited to instances related to sexual exploitation or to internal traficking …”

Tzehainesh Teklè ILO Convention 111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111) S. 612-630

„… prohibition and non-tolerance of sexual harassment, gender discrimination and retaliatory action. Thus, the …” „… . The Court found that this law was in breach of art. 14 (prohibition of discrimination) read in …” „… , Multiple Discrimination in the World of Work, ILO, Declaration/WP/66/2011, 3; Tzehainesh Teklè, ‘An …”

David Fennelly International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Articles 2 and 7 (ICESCR) S. 438-444

„… guarantee that the rights enunciated in the present Covenant will be exercised without discrimination of any …” „… be exercised “without discrimination of any kind”. The list of prohibited grounds of discrimination …” „… , the ICESCR does not include a standalone guarantee of equality and non-discrimination of the kind …”

Giovanni Orlandini Article 21 TFEU S. 26-41

„… basis for the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of obesity.21 V. List of cases Date Case no …” „… and to the prohibition of any discrimination, restrictively. Among these norms, the most relevant is …” „… characteristics in respect of which measures may be taken to combat discrimination. The meaning of terms such as …”

Naj Ghosheh, Martine Humblet, Valerio De Stefano Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 (MLC, 2006) S. 1179-1200

„… ; (c) the effective abolition of child labour; and (d) the elimination of discrimination in respect of …” „… partners and in accordance to international standards25. With regard to the elimination of discrimination …” „… remuneration for work of equal value for all seafarers employed on the same ship without discrimination26. IV …”

Massimo Pallini Article 62 TFEU S. 77-94

„… Part 1 Fundamental Provisions 78 Massimo Pallini 1 2 3 In fact, although the prohibition of …” „… requirements of non-discrimination, necessity and proportionality. Directive 2006/123 expressly provides that …” „… people; g) equality of treatment between men and women and other provisions on non-discrimination”. 31 …”

Vincenzo Pietrogiovanni ILO Convention 171 Night Work Convention, 1990 (No. 171) S. 1428-1437

„… for absence from work. The reason of this prohibition is not clear. In fact, due to their full …” „… paragraph 2 is to guarantee the principle of equal treatment and non-discrimination due to the position of …” „… prohibition of dismissal on grounds of pregnancy or maternity, the entitlement to a suitable income during the …”

Ségolène Barbou des Places Regulation (EU) 492/2011 on freedom of movement for workers within the Union S. 785-800

„… ambition of the European legislator is indeed to abolish any discrimination based on nationality between …” „… , non-discrimination on ground of nationality: Equal treatment is widely defined insofar as it applies this principle …” „… principle of equality. Yet one type of clause is exempt from prohibition: following the last sentence of …”

Jule Mulder Directive 2006/54/EC on the implementation of the principle of equal opportunities and equal treatment of men and women in matters of employment and occupation (recast) S. 547-586

„… II SPECIFIC PROVISIONS Chapter 1 Equal pay Article 4 Prohibition of discrimination For the same …” „… , Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012); Bell, Mark, ‘Shifting Conceptions of Sexual Discrimination at the …” „… Non-Discrimination Law and Intersectionality (Ashgate, Farnham 2011) 259-273; Schiek, Dagmar, ‘Elements of a new …”

A.C.L. Davies ILO Convention 181 Private Employment Agencies Convention, 1997 (No. 181) S. 911-916

„… without discrimination on the basis of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction …” „… , social origin, or any other form of discrimination covered by national law and practice, such as age or …” „… indirect discrimination in the ‘drawing up and publishing’ of ‘vacancy notices or offers of employment …”

Adam Sagan Article 11 ECHR Freedom of assembly and association S. 1513-1534

„… administrative and judicial procedures in cases of anti-union discrimination or interference in trade union …” „… bargaining; restrictions on the level of bargaining; prohibitions of collective bargaining for certain …” „… totality of the measures the State takes must effectively protect employees against discrimination on the …”

Laura Calafà ILO Convention 140 Paid Educational Leave Convention, 1974 (No 140) S. 1136-1142

„… general arrangements (Article 9), recalling also the prohibition on discrimination “on ground of race …” „… . Sector of activity, categories of worker and discrimination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4. Safeguards …” „… of worker and discrimination The Convention asserts the need to “take account of the stage of …”

Sara Benedi Lahuerta Directive 2000/43/EC implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin S. 495-520

„… exception to the prohibition of discrimination, it should be strictly interpreted.130 Indeed, as recital 18 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 III. Concept of discrimination …” „… discrimination was only introduced by the Treaty of Amsterdam,1 in 1997. Whilst the new legal basis, current …”

Teun Jaspers Article 28 RESC The right of workers’ representatives to protection in the undertaking and facilities to be accorded to them S. 348-354

„… representatives and on certain issues. The main approach of Article 5 is protection from discrimination against …” „… prohibition of dismissal that could be related to the carrying out of their duties.14 It also entails …” „… ; indirect discrimination; refusal to grant time-off for the necessary handling of tasks related to the …”

Anne Trebilcock ILO Convention 87 Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87), Convention 98 – Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949 (No. 98) and Convention 154 – Collective Bargaining Convention, 1981 (No. 154) S. 1492-1513

„… enjoy adequate protection against acts of anti-union discrimination in respect of their employment. 2 …” „… discrimination.60 The CEACR has stressed the importance of specific legislative provisions to protect against …” „… acts of anti-union discrimination, including provision for effective remedies in case of a violation.61 …”

Jean-Philippe Lhernould Directive 97/81/EC concerning the Framework Agreement on part-time work S. 872-882

„… Purpose The purpose of this Framework Agreement is: (a) to provide for the removal of discrimination …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 III. Principle of non-discrimination …” „… main objectives: on one side, the elimination of discrimination against part-time workers; on the other …”

Giovanni Orlandini Article 45 TFEU S. 41-66

„… seventies, the Court has clarified that “the prohibition of discrimination based on nationality applies not …” „… discrimination based on nationality between workers of the Member States as regards employment, remuneration and …” „… Labour Law Journal 35-53; van Overmeiren, Filip et al. (eds), The notion of obstacle and discrimination …”

Annick Masselot, Bridgette McLellan Directive 86/378/EEC on equal treatment in occupational social security and pension schemes S. 481-495

„… prohibition of discrimination in pay under Article 157 TFEU and concluded that it is contrary to impose an age …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 IV. Article 9: Examples of discrimination …” „… occupational pension does constitute pay there may be no discrimination on grounds of sex, in accordance with …”

Claire La Hovary ILO Convention 138 Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) S. 1124-1136

„… may, by permits granted in individual cases, allow exceptions to the prohibition of employment or work …” „… consultation with workers and employers’ organisations, grant exceptions to the general prohibition of …” „… ; (b) the strict limitation of the hours spent at work in a day and in a week, and the prohibition of …”

Ryszard Cholewinski ILO Conventions 97 and 143 Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 97) and Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1975 (No. 143) S. 848-868

„… excluded from the protection of the labour laws, making them particularly vulnerable to discrimination …” „… ” and of non-discrimination and equality of treatment and opportunity.7 While all ILO Conventions and …” „… Conventions and Recommendations (CEACR), which observed that the principle of equality and non-discrimination …”

Antonio Lo Faro Article 155 TFEU S. 165-176

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1. Prohibition of direct and indirect discrimination …” „… non-discrimination is applied to part-time workers also in relation to pay.37 VI. List of cases Case no Court …” „… indirectly, in respect of his employment, from his employer. Equal pay without discrimination based on sex …”

Valérie Michel Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications S. 713-785

„… internal market law, this implies the prohibition of discriminatory measures, whether direct or indirect …” „… prohibition or restriction and which have consequences for the pursuit of activities by the holder of a …” „… ; (d) the scope of the restriction or the prohibition; and (e) the period for which the restriction or …”

Marta Otto Regulation (EU) 2016/679 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (General Data Protection Regulation – GDPR) S. 958-981

„… . The prohibition of ‘incompatibility’, in turn, protects data subjects from improper and excessive use …” „… relate only to the general prohibition of processing of sensitive data and thus do not relieve data …” „… provision providing for derogations from general prohibition of processing of special categories of data …”

Carla Spinelli ILO Convention 132 Holidays with Pay Convention (Revised), 1970 (No. 132) S. 1370-1381

„… protection and non-discrimination, and point out new purposes of the Maternity Protection Convention 2000 …” „… that maternity does not constitute a source of discrimination in employment, including […] access to …” „… tion of women in the labour market”.44 The provisions of Art. 7 enable flexibility for the Member …”

Giovanni Orlandini Article 48 TFEU S. 69-76

„… , Regulation 883/04 ads the principle of non-discrimination and equal treatment, that stems directly from …” „… )). The principle of a single applicable legislation is integrated by the prohibition of overlapping …” „… norms was grounded the adoption of the sectoral program “Leonardo da Vinci” for vocational education …”

Alexandre Defossez Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services S. 643-664

„… , Cadbury, ECR I-7995. 18 R de la Feria and S Vogenauer (eds), Prohibition of abuse of Law: a new general …” „… between men and women and other provisions on non-discrimination. For the purposes of this Directive, the …” „… CHAPTER I GENERAL Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the …”

Laura Tebano Article 107 TFEU S. 117-125

„… such aid is granted without discrimination related to the origin of the products concerned; Chapter I …” „… notification of subsidies, but no prohibition on putting the measure into effect in the meantime.2 Moreover, as …” „… Federal Republic of Germany 3 March 2011 C-437/09 ECJ AG2R Prévoyance v Beaudout Père et Fils SARL 28 …”

Daniel Ulber Article 28 CFREU Right of collective bargaining and action S. 1457-1492

„… , that provisions such as Article 157 TFEU (principle of equal pay)50 and the prohibition of age …” „… bargaining while upholding the principle of non-discrimination.144 Attention must be paid to the fact that …” „… CHAPTER I EU LAW Article 28 CFREU Right of collective bargaining and action Literature …”

Iacopo Senatori Directive 2009/38/EC on the establishment of a European Works Council S. 1601-1636

„… subject to any discrimination as a result of the lawful exercise of their activities and must enjoy …” „… or obstruct if it is willing to conclude the economic operation. Vice-versa, in the context of a …” „… cross-border merger the establishment of a form of participation is the only outcome that is taken into …”

Iacopo Senatori Directive 2003/72/EC supplementing the Statute for a European Cooperative Society with regard to the involvement of employees S. 1567-1592

„… legislation and/or practice of the country of employment. They should not be subject to any discrimination …” „… prohibition for the members of the SNB, the representative bodies and experts who assist them to reveal any …” „… rights, particularly in relation to economic dismissals and transfer of undertakings.55 At the time …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845266190

Klaus Barwig, Rainer Dobbelstein - Den Fremden akzeptieren

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Klaus Barwig (ed.), Rainer Dobbelstein (ed.)

Den Fremden akzeptieren

Series: Schriften zum Migrationsrecht

Volume 6 2012

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Kees Groenendijk Are third-country nationals protected by the Union law prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality? S. 131-142

„… by the explicit prohibition of discrimination on the ground of nationality in Article 21(2) EU …” „… constantly interpreted as a prohibition of discrimination of nationals of the Member States. The Court of …” „… the protection of the general prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality to …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… nationals protected by the Union law prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality …” „… ........................................................................................................................... 11 Jill Allen The Recent Convergence in Law and Practice of the Supreme Court of England and …” „… Wales with that of the European Court of Human Rights in the Application of Article 8 of the European …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845236285

Monika Schlachter - The Prohibition of Age Discrimination in Labour Relations

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Monika Schlachter (ed.)

The Prohibition of Age Discrimination in Labour Relations

Series: Studien zum ausländischen, vergleichenden und internationalen Arbeitsrecht - Institut für Arbeitsrecht und Arbeitsbeziehungen in der Europäischen Gemeinschaft, Trier

Volume 28 2011

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Darja Senþur Peþek REPORT ON SLOVENIA (Questionnaire) S. 519-538

„… ? The Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia 1 ensures the prohibition of discrimination and the …” „… to the public, including housing. The concrete prohibition of discrimination, ensuring equal …” „… also self-employed persons?) The provisions of the ERA regarding the prohibition of discrimination on …”

Cristina Mangarelli REPORT ON URUGUAY (Questionnaire) S. 557-564

„… types of discrimination are prohibited (direct, indirect)? How are they defined? Since prohibition …” „… consequences which derive from violating the prohibition of discrimination. However, general protections are …” „… discrimination. However, the issue of prohibition of age discrimination still does not arouse much interest in …”

Nada Bodiroga-Vukobrat, Adrijana Martinovi REPORT ON CROATIA (Questionnaire) S. 261-274

„… , prescribed as exemptions from the prohibition of discrimination. The Labour Act specifically prescribes that …” „… the field of application of age discrimination prohibition to a wide range of public areas, including …” „… prohibition of discrimination from paragraph 1 of this Article. (art. 2 para. 3 Labour Act). Similar …”

Helga Aune REPORT ON NORWAY (Questionnaire) S. 443-462

„… termination argued that this provision violated the prohibition against discrimination on the grounds of age …” „… contravention of the prohibition against discrimination on the basis of age. The Appeal Court’s judgment was …” „… relations only, or also self-employed persons?) The prohibition of age discrimination covers both labour …”

Laura Carlson REPORT ON SWEDEN (Questionnaire) S. 539-556

„… Counteract Ethnic Discrimination in Working Life Act; x The 1999 Prohibition of Discrimination in Working …” „… (recast).11 The prohibition against unlawful discrimination on the basis of age is the implementation of …” „… prohibition concerning unlawful discrimination on the basis of age by the year 2000. Sweden received an …”

Monika Schlachter GENERAL REPORT (Memorandum) S. 9-58

„… prohibition of age discrimination Monika …” „… prohibition of age discrimination in labour relations 11 A. Introduction The relevance of “age …” „… .), The law on age discrimination in the EU (2008), chapter 2, p. 11. General Report: The prohibition of …”

Loe C.J. Sprengers, Gabi A. Stouthart REPORT ON THE NETHERLANDS (Questionnaire) S. 357-372

„… alternative means of protection are available? Since May 1, 2004 the prohibition on age discrimination is …” „… discrimination, but it does not contain a prohibition on age discrimination. Question 2: Which age groups are …” „… Equal Treatment Act – prohibited discrimination in labour situations, however in the broadest sense of …”

Silvana Sciarra, William Chiaromonte REPORT ON ITALY (Questionnaire) S. 309-332

„… of protection are available? The prohibition of age discrimination only recently gained explicit …” „… Union, European sources were at the origin of explicit extension of prohibitions of discrimination also …” „… application of the prohibition of age discrimination is very wide because, unlike what happens in other …”

Dagmara Skupie REPORT ON POLAND (Questionnaire) S. 463-480

„… relationship, like occupational pension schemes, included? The explicit prohibition of discrimination is …” „… an explicit prohibition of discrimination. However, according to art. 5 para. 1 of this Law, any …” „… exemption of the armed forces from the prohibition of age discrimination is provided for in the draft Law …”

Marilyn Pittard REPORT ON AUSTRALIA (Questionnaire) S. 69-92

„… discrimination, with Division 4 providing a number of exemptions from the prohibition. Part 4E details with (and …” „… discrimination laws Australia is a federation of states called the “Commonwealth of Australia”. State and …” „… Parliament) have enacted anti-discrimination laws. These laws have specified prohibited grounds of …”

Wei Dan REPORT ON MACAO SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION, CHINA (Memorandum) S. 249-260

„… understanding of the prohibition of age discrimination in Macao …” „… , and so forth. D. Specific provisions on prohibition of age discrimination in labour relations …” „… on age does not exist. There are some exemptions from the prohibition of age discrimination. The …”

Costas Papadimitriou REPORT ON GREECE (Questionnaire) S. 285-292

„… prohibition of discrimination in labour relations. Question 11: With whom lies the burden of proof in …” „… discrimination have been enacted in your country? If none, what alternative means of protection are available …” „… ? Legislative Act 3304/2005 is the main statutory instrument enacted adressing any kind of discrimination and …”

Michael Doherty, Des Ryan REPORT ON IRELAND (Questionnaire) S. 293-308

„… ? There are specific savings and exclusions relating to the general prohibition of age discrimination set …” „… addressing age discrimination have been enacted in your country? If none, what alternative means of …” „… constituting discrimination on the age ground. Sec. 3 subsec. 2 para. f of the Equal Status Act 20003 provides …”

Andrés Carrasquero Stolk REPORT ON VENEZUELA (Questionnaire) S. 617-621

„… is not a Law which defines different types of discrimination. Question 7: Does a prohibition against …” „… addressing age discrimination have been enacted in your country? If none, what alternative means of …” „… discrimination. Any person who has been discriminated against on the basis of his/her age in any situation (e.g …”

Adrián O. Goldin REPORT ON ARGENTINA (Questionnaire) S. 59-68

„… other kind of discrimination, including, but not limited to, discrimination related to sex, race …” „… constitute discrimination. In addition, the following statutory instruments establish the general rule of …” „… protected. It contains a general provision against age discrimination, irrespective of the existence of …”

Dianny Wahyudhi, Gordon Anderson REPORT ON NEW ZEALAND (Questionnaire) S. 373-442

„… Specifically within labour relations, two statutory instruments address the prohibition of age discrimination …” „… Exemptions in the ERA to the prohibition of age discrimination are listed under sec. 106. The sec. provides …” „… instrument that addresses age discrimination. In the Act, age is listed as one of the prohibited grounds of …”

Stephen G. Wood, Mary Anne Q. Wood, Stephen Q. Wood, Rachel A. Asbury REPORT ON THE USA (Memorandum & Questionnaire) S. 565-616

„… The American approach to eliminating discrimination in the workplace has been a series of statutes …” „… ) the Equal Pay Act of 1963 (the “EPA”) (the EPA prohibits sex discrimination in the form of pay …” „… Civil Rights Act of 1964 (“Title VII”) (Title VII prohibits discrimination on the basis of “race, color …”

Ryoko Sakuraba REPORT ON JAPAN (Memorandum) S. 333-356

„… constitution promulgated in 1946 guarantees equality under the law but the prohibition of discrimination is …” „… , The Amendment of the Employment Measure Act: Japanese Anti-Age Discrimination Law, in: Japan Labor …” „… 65 or over) was 20.8 % in 2006. Ryoko Sakuraba 336 2. Types of Discrimination Art. 10 does not …”

João Leal Amado, Joana Nunes Vicente, Milena Silva Rouxinol REPORT ON PORTUGAL (Questionnaire) S. 481-502

„… and art. 25 para. 1 the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of age applies to selection criteria …” „… , what alternative means of protection are available? The principle of non-discrimination is enshrined …” „… the purposes under consideration”.3 Discrimination on grounds of age can be felt both by the young …”

Martin Stefko REPORT ON CZECH REPUBLIC (Questionnaire) S. 275-284

„… age discrimination have been enacted in your country? If none, what alternative means of protection …” „… based on age is considered to be discrimination due to “other status”. According to art. 3 and 112 of …” „… Labour Code3 only sets forth the principle of equal treatment. The age discrimination should be …”

Raluca Dimitriu REPORT ON ROMANIA (Questionnaire) S. 503-518

„… discrimination have been enacted in your country? If none, what alternative means of protection are available …” „… front of the law and public authorities; no privileges and no discrimination are allowed. Art. 4 para …” „… principle of equal treatment to all employees and employers. (2) Any direct or indirect discrimination …”

John P. McEvoy REPORT ON CANADA (Memorandum) S. 145-176

„… employment but also because human rights prohibitions of discrimination in relation to services available to …” „… ageism – a form of discrimination found particularly in relation to employment and which becomes more …” „… share of racism, sexism, and other forms of discrimination which tear at the fabric of a good society …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-8

„… Schlachter Prof. Dr. Monika Schlachter (ed.) The Prohibition of Age Discrimination in Labour Relations …” „… Reports to the XVIIIth International Congress of Comparative Law Washington D.C., July 25 – August 1 …” „… reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation …”

Jacques Clesse, Fabienne Kéfer RAPPORT DE LA BELGIQUE (Memorandum) S. 93-144

„… . 69 Voy. P. Joassart, «La prohibition de la discrimination et les barèmes liés à l’âge: summum ius …” „… . Joassart, P., «La prohibition de la discrimination et les barèmes liés à l’âge: summum ius, summa injura …” „… droit belge. A. Les dispositifs belges de lutte contre la discrimination fondée sur l’âge I. Le cadre …”

Tanaquil Burke RAPPORT DU QUEBEC, CANADA (Questionnaire) S. 177-248

„… relation de travail dans laquelle elle se trouve. Question 6: What types of discrimination are prohibited …” „… non-discrimination.46 Question 7: Does a prohibition against harassment based on age exist? Au Québec, la Charte …” „… there specific grounds justifying age discrimination? Do general grounds of justification apply to age …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845230757

Luzius Mader, Heinz Schäffer - Text and Context - The Development of Legal Techniques and Legal Culture in the New Context of Europ

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Luzius Mader (ed.), Heinz Schäffer (ed.)

Text and Context - The Development of Legal Techniques and Legal Culture in the New Context of Europ

Series: International Association of Legislation (IAL) / Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesetzgebung (DGG)

Volume 15 2010

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Attila Menyhárd The Development of Legal Techniques and Legal Culture in the New Context of Europe – Hungarian Report S. 83-92

„… contract and prohibition of discrimination and to adapt anti-discrimination principle to the …” „… even if the traditional view of private law rejected the enforcement of prohibition of discrimination …” „… and practice have to face the problem of enforcing prohibition of discrimination in private law …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845223865

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