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Hubertus Buchstein, Moritz Langfeldt - Otto Kirchheimer - Gesammelte Schriften

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Hubertus Buchstein (Hrsg.), Moritz Langfeldt (Hrsg.)

Otto Kirchheimer - Gesammelte Schriften

Reihe: Otto Kirchheimer - Gesammmelte Schriften

Band 5 2020

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[20.] European Parliaments[1963] S. 489-500

„… for enforcing parliamentary control over taxation and expenditure, retain in European parliaments only …” „… [20.] European Parliaments* [1963] When I think of European Parliaments today, some odd images come …” „… to examine it I will first tell you how and why European parliaments have changed on the long journey …”

[26.] A Free Press in a Democratic State? The Spiegel Case[1965] S. 533-591

„… first national parliament. Strauss first gained national attention in 1952 during a fierce parliamentary …” „… ›Spiegel‹ arrests. Aside from a few pinpricks in parliament, this report was the last major parliamentary …” „… parliament’s Military Affairs Committee – to rescue Chancellor Konrad Adenauer from the onslaught of the Social …”

[24.] Elite – Consent – Control in the Western Political System[1964] S. 515-526

„… difference between this form of industrial society and its Eastern European counterpart. In this Western …” „… European political elites. A weakening of both the plutocratic and traditional components raises the …” „… : Charismatic Legitimacy and One-Party Rule in Ghana, in: European Journal of Sociology, vol. IV, 1963, pp …”

[29.] The Transformation of the Western European Party Systems[1966] S. 630-653

„… [29.] The Transformation of the Western European Party Systems* [1966] I. Load Concept and Party …” „… departure for inquiring into the successes and failures of major European political parties as transmission …” „… exercised by the proverbial small man over his intermediaries in party and parliament. But the reality was …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-6

„… .] 475 European Parliaments [1963][20.] 489 Vorbemerkung [zu Politik und Verfassung] [1964][21.] 501 5 …” „… Parteisystems [1965][28.] 600 The Transformation of the Western European Party Systems [1966] [29.] 630 Bombing …”

Abkürzungen S. 735-740

„… and Community Development éd. / ed. édition / edition EDC European Defence Community elig. eligible …” „… Political Philosophy LDPD Liberal-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands M.P. Member of Parliament MIT …”

[11.] [Sammelrezension:] The Political Scene in West Germany[1957] S. 342-356

„… , the partial loss of political autonomy, and the precariousness of the present European balance foster …” „… in nineteenth-century parliaments,7 the career judge or career administrator – has become almost …” „… extinct in twentieth-century German parliaments. Present-day legislatures show a built-in structure of …”

[10.] West German Trade Unions: Their Domestic and Foreign Policies[1957] S. 276-341

„… public opinion to the point of making parliament unrepresentative. Given these views, labor’s …” „… . Schmid distinguishes between pressure on the parliament before a decision has been taken and the fact …” „… »that the trade-unions have no choice other than to accept a decision of parliament – as they have so …”

Einleitung S. 7-176

„… Central European Branch, Division of Research for Western Europe‹. Diese Anstellung behielt er bis 1955 …” „… Ministerium erstellt hatte.58 Die Verbindung des Artikels mit seinen Analysen als Chief der Central European …” „… , diesmal mit dem professionellen Blick von seiner Position des Chief der Central European Branch auf ganz …”

Bibliografie der veröffentlichten Schriften von Otto Kirchheimer S. 741-772

„… . Evolution of a Socialist, in: Washington Post, 21. Dezember. i: European Parliaments. Paper for the ninth …” „… : Archiv des öffentlichen Rechts, Jg. 85, S. 1-65. d: Majorities and Minorities in Western European …” „… : Rezension: Carl Landauer u. A.: European Socialism: A History of Ideas and Movements, from the Industrial …”

[17.] Majoritäten und Minoritäten in Westeuropäischen Regierungen[1959] S. 439-462

„… unter dem Titel: Majorities and Minorities in Western European Governments, in: The Western Political …” „… Interest Representation in German Postwar Parliaments. 9 [Henry] Ehrmann: Organized Business in France …”

[7.] Notes on the Political Scene in Western Germany[1954] S. 252-265

„… the most stable of the European states. How has this transformation occurred? The obvious can serve as …” „… by a Western aim to prevent the decay of the European heartland, so that it would not fall prey to …” „… of their own importance in the European scheme of things, there was little real opposition, not to …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845290010

José Maria Beneyto, Ingolf Pernice - Europe's Constitutional Challenges in the Light of the Recent Case Law of National Constitutional Courts

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José Maria Beneyto (Hrsg.), Ingolf Pernice (Hrsg.)

Europe's Constitutional Challenges in the Light of the Recent Case Law of National Constitutional Courts

Reihe: European Constitutional Law Network-Series

Band 8 2011

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Mirosław Wyrzykowski European Parliament and National Parliaments S. 241-266

„… European Parliament and National Parliaments Mirosław Wyrzykowski* The European Function of the …” „… National Parliaments as the Guardians of the General Policy of European Integration B 243 The Powers of the …” „… Judge at the Constitutional Court of Poland. 241 The European Function of the National Parliaments in …”

Arthur Benz Linking Multiple Demoi. Inter-parliamentary Relations in the EU S. 267-278

„… long time, European integration has been said to come at the expense of national parliaments. Andrew …” „… widespread agreement. Even as the powers of the European Parliament (EP) have been expanded to a significant …” „… parliaments have attracted attention in European politics. Indeed, as Simon Hix and Tapio Raunio observed ten …”

Roland Bieber The Citizens’ Initiative – a Source of Additional Legitimacy for the European Union? S. 229-240

„… Lausanne and former Legal Advisor of the European Parliament. An expanded version of this essay …” „… decisions affecting them (participatory democracy). The Lisbon Treaty renders the European Parliament more …” „… of the Union, without referring specifically to the European Parliament in this context. The new …”

Jiří Zemánek The Two Lisbon Judgments of the Czech Constitutional Court S. 45-64

„… conference ‘National parliament’s role in the European Union decision making process: past experience and new …” „… inter-state and (non-)supra-state. Neither national parliaments, nor the European Parliament, even when …” „… principle. Therefore, this article is directed not only at the European Parliament, as the BVerfG pointed …”

Annex: Conference Programme S. 411-415

„… h. The Citizens and Their Parliament: A New Basis for Legitimacy of European Policies. Prof. Dr …” „… . Roland Bieber (University of Lausanne, former Legal Advisor of the European Parliament) Annex: Conference …” „… Programme 413 09:15 h. European Parliament and National Parliaments. Prof. Dr. Mirosław Wyrzykowski …”

Mattias Wendel Lisbon before the Courts: Comparative Perspectives S. 65-106

„… obtaining the consent of the European Parliament – can adopt unanimously decisions in ‘sensitive’ fields …” „… Further, it emphasises the decisive role of the European Parliament whose consent is not only mandatory …” „… , not only at the European Parliament, as stated by the German Constitutional Court in point 280 of its …”

Paul Craig The President of the European Council S. 203-228

„… members from the European Parliament and some of the smaller Member States’.16 It is safe to say that they …” „… sectoral Councils; chairing trialogue meetings with the Commission and the European Parliament; attendance …” „… cohesion and consensus within the European Council; and shall present a report to the European Parliament …”

Tom Eijsbouts Courts, People, Citizens. Understanding EU’s Constitutional Democracy with the Help of the Lisbon Treaty and the Lissabon-Urteil S. 189-202

„… the current Art 14(2) of the EU Treaty, stating: 'The European Parliament shall be composed of …” „… Community through the intermediary of the European Parliament and the Economic and Social Committee.' After …” „… these Europeans' collective rights were being enhanced by the direct election of the European Parliament …”

Jacqueline Dutheil de la Rochère French Conseil constitutionnel: Recent Developments S. 13-30

„… existed. The CC points out more specifically the new powers conferred to the European Parliament (enhanced …” „… consent of European Parliament for the conclusion of international agreements) the CC decided that there …” „… the case law of the European Court of Justice on the primacy of EU law. The Parliament decided that …”

Antonio López-Pina The Spanish Constitutional Court, the European Law and the Constitutional Traditions Common to the Member States (art. 6.3 TEU). Lisbon and Beyond. S. 137-166

„… line and the European Parliament had political control, as the United States does, with the Federal …” „… and the limitation of powers of the European Parliament. With the exclusion of universal and equal …” „… structural changes or extension of powers in European integration, the German Parliament will not permit to …”

Ingolf Pernice Motor or Brake for European Policies? Germany’s New Role in the EU after the Lisbon-Judgment of Its Federal Constitutional Court S. 353-390

„… . Motor or Brake for European Policies? 379 Parliament and Emergency Brake Certain provisions of the …” „… Requirement of Prior RatificationA 377 Simplified Parliamentary ConsentB 378 Parliament and Emergency BrakeC …” „… SESSION 3: FUTURE CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS Motor or Brake for European Policies? Germany’s New …”

Giacinto della Cananea Cosí è (se vi pare)? Germany, Italy, and European Integration after the Treaty of Lisbon S. 167-188

„… Così è (se vi pare)? Germany, Italy, and European Integration after the Treaty of Lisbon Giacinto …” „… narratives that attempt to give meaning to recent events1 in legal discourses concerning European integration …” „… set of phenomena, such as the complex and multi-faceted relationship between Parliament and …”

Emilia Drumeva Evolutive Attitude of the Bulgarian Constitutional Court in the EU Law Space S. 131-136

„… EU, as well with a provision of the Directive 2003/88/EC of the European Parliament and the Council …” „… constitutionality, is predominantly ex post2 and concerns only acts of Parliament and acts issued by the President …” „… of the primacy of European law in the Bulgarian legal space; it * Prof. Dr. Emilia Drumeva is Judge …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Parliament and National Parliaments 241 Mirosław Wyrzykowski Linking Multiple Demoi. Inter-parliamentary …” „… Constitutional Courts José MarÍa Beneyto / Ingolf Pernice (eds) Lisbon and Beyond European Constitutional Law …” „… Network-Series Vol. 8 Nomos European Constitutional Law Network-Series edited by Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Ingolf …”

Ingolf Pernice Introduction: Achievements and Challenges – The European Union, its Constitutional Courts and the Perspectives after Lisbon S. 9-12

„… ’ initiative (Article 11 § 4 TEU), placing the European Parliament on the top of the provisions of the Union’s …” „… parliaments in the democratic construct of the Union (Wyrzykowski) and the emerging horizontal parliamentary …” „… Introduction: Achievements and Challenges – The European Union, its Constitutional Courts and the …”

Daniel Thym From Ultra-Vires-Control to Constitutional-Identity-Review: The Lisbon Judgment of the German Constitutional Court S. 31-44

„… effectively giving national parliaments the power to ‘revoke’ the exercise of European competences which are …” „… the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg has captured the imagination of European lawyers. Their …” „… interaction culminates in the potential of judicial conflict between the German and the European courts which …”

Evgeni Tanchev Perspectives on Constitutionalization of EU Law: The Issue of Emerging Hierarchies in the Context of Constitutional Pluralism S. 391-410

„… the three previous steps in the constitutionmaking within the European integration context that …” „… , Constitutionalism and the EU’ (2001) 7 no. 2 European Law Journal 125-150. 3 E Tanchev, ‘Wine Bottling Legitimacy or …” „… legislation and European Court of Justice jurisprudence. On the side of nation state constitutions the most …”

Ana Maria Guerra Martins Does the Treaty of Lisbon Really Implement Equal and Non-discriminatory Treatment of Third-Country Nationals (TCN)? The Case of Legally Resident TCN within a Member State of the Union S. 327-352

„… the European Parliament’. As a result, the role of this institution has been greatly enlarged …” „… International Agreement Concluded with a Third Country and the EU (i) 330 Based on European Secondary Law(ii …” „… ) 332 Rationale of the Exclusion of TCN from European Non-discrimination and Equality Law III 333 …”

Stanisław Biernat The Status of the Principle of Primacy in the Lisbon Treaty Architecture S. 279-296

„… Verts’ v European Parliament [1986] ECR 1339; Case 70/88 Parliament v Council [1990] ECR I-2041 …” „… relationships between European law and the law of Member States.1 What is disputable is the scope of this …” „… holds the Jean Monnet Chair of European Law, Jagiellonian University, Krakow. The author wishes to thank …”

Siniša Rodin Back to the Square One – the Past, the Present and the Future of the Simmenthal Mandate S. 297-326

„… European Court of Justice in case Simmenthal 21 belongs to the line of core constitutional cases that …” „… , possibly with interpretative guidance of the European Court of Justice in preliminary reference procedure …” „… European Constitution (Hart Publishing 2006). Siniša Rodin 298 While the doctrine of supremacy has not …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845233109

Álvaro Morcillo Laiz - Contentious Regions in the European Union: Nationalist Parties and the Coordination of European Policies in Federal Member States

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Álvaro Morcillo Laiz

Contentious Regions in the European Union: Nationalist Parties and the Coordination of European Policies in Federal Member States

Reihe: Nomos Universitätsschriften - Politik

Band 170 2009

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The European Parliament S. 150-158

„… have better chances in the EP.The European ParliamentThe main goal of this section is to determine …” „… the three regulations (European Parliament 1999 a, b, d) are afundamental source for this section …” „… European Parliament, individual figuresplaced in the right positions – rapporteurs and committee chairmen …”

References S. 181-204

„… the Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament,the European Economic …” „… Parliament. Brussels, European ParliamentMorass, Michael (1997). The Case of a Federal Newcomer in European …” „… Raunio, Tapio (1996). "Parliamentary Questions in the European Parliament: Representation, Information …”

The Defence of Regional Minorities in the EP S. 103-112

„… lobbying of the European Parliament.To collect evidence on the role of the EP during the negotiation of the …” „… Directive, theprotocol and MEDIA, I have relied on the procedure files produced by the European103Parliament …” „… Catalan in the European Union (European Parliament1990), and of the efforts of MEPs with Catalan …”

Index S. 205-210

„… ParliamentAssociation of European Border Regions (AEBR) 140, 143, 144audiovisual policy– quotas for European works 68 …” „… European Parliament(MEPs) see also European Parliament, see European Parliament– territorial interests of …” „… Enterprise 69, 104distributive policies see also EuropeanParliament, see also policy– and case selection 52 …”

Acknowledgements S. 5-10

„… states, the Commission or the European Parliament than do those of otherregions. While this book makes …” „… theEuropean Parliament. Surprisingly, the European Parliament appears to be a moreeffective ally of the …” „… insightful criticism of my ideas on therepresentation of territorial interests of the European Parliament …”

Federalism in EU Member States S. 15-25

„… Commission and the European Parliament by individual regions. In contrastto coordination mechanisms …” „… thesechannels, the European Parliament, possesses strong yet unexplored territorial linksand decision-making …” „… Commission, the European Parliament or the Council, or, in a weaker sense, to publicize regional …”

European Audiovisual Policy and Regional Concerns S. 65-71

„… : DG Competition. DGA: DG Audiovisual. EP: European Parliament.Whereas a minus sign implies that a …” „… Audiovisual Policy and Regional ConcernsSince the early 1980s, both the Commission and the European Parliament …” „… and the European Parliament changed their strategy from a focus on the creation of European …”

Regional Associations S. 139-144

„… lobbying of the Commission and the EuropeanParliament. This increase in lobbying efforts, fuelled by the …” „… Commission andParliament” (Assembly of European Regions 1998: 2). Additionally, the committee onregional …” „… website, the AEBR claims that it cooperates on a regular basis with the EuropeanParliament and its …”

Conclusions S. 159-180

„… federalism.170Regional Interests in the European ParliamentDespite the aloofness of the Commission, regions …” „… . Regarding impacts through extra-state channels, the European Parliament increasingly gives regional demands …” „… European policy and to steer the European institutionstoward region-friendly positions. The ultimate …”

Abbreviations S. 11-14

„… EuropaministerkonferenzEP European ParliamentEPP European Popular PartyERC Esquerra Republicana de CatalunyaERDF European …” „… Administraciones PúblicasMEP Member of the European ParliamentMLG Multilevel GovernanceMS Member StateMSSD Most …” „… AbbreviationsAEBR Association of European Border RegionsAGALEV Anders Gaan LevenAHÍ Agrupación …”

The 1999 Reform of Cohesion Policy S. 113-117

„… 135.9, 22.5 and 24.1 billions of Euros (European Parliament1999 a: art.7). This is in addition to 18 …” „… (European Parliament 1999 a, d, b).3 Leonardi’s main source is a publication of the Commission, Inforegio …” „… . EP: European Parliament. A minussign implies that a region opposed a certain policy option, and a …”

Regional Cases S. 53-64

„… regional economy help inunderstanding how regions set their European agendas. The following pages …” „… areas relevant to my research, specificallyEuropean affairs and media, which are the responsibility of …” „… parliament with seven parties (see Table 6). However,this fragmentation is compatible with the dominance of …”

Lobbying a Fragmented Commission S. 99-103

„… lobbying of the European Parliament.To collect evidence on the role of the EP during the negotiation of the …” „… EuropeanParliament’s sensitivity to this subject and you can rest assured that I shall be raisingthis subject before …” „… ). This kind of erratic activity has provided ammunition to those individuals andEuropean institutions …”

Contact with the Commission S. 147-150

„… it, but the opinions of the CoR played a minor role in theproposals (…) of the European Parliament …” „… ParliamentThe main goal of this section is to determine whether regions target the MEPs ratherthan the …” „… parliamentary committees collaboration ismore likely.The procedure files of the three regulations (European …”

Research Design S. 48-53

„… for a piece of research focused in a geographic area, in mycase the fifteen Western European EU member …” „… particularly successful, I first examinedregional parliaments in which they were represented. To measure …” „… only the regionalbut also the two provincial parliaments hold legislative powers.20 Having discarded …”

The Coordination of the Television Directive S. 78-84

„… mentioned above. The German regional governments rejected theamendment introduced by the European Parliament …” „… agenda.The Spanish government supported the provision proposed by the European Parliament demanding the …” „… influence the position of the centre on European audiovisual policy. Because of thecoordination mechanisms …”

The Impact of the European Union on Regions S. 25-28

„… of a "Europe of the Regions" turning into a viable alternative to the divisionof the European …” „… executive branch and parliament and a range of powers forwhich they have the authority to make final …” „… European Union on RegionsUnderstanding how the EU impacts regions is a precondition for gauging how …”

Regional Agendas S. 71-78

„… Competition. DGA: DG Audiovisual. EP: European Parliament.Whereas a minus sign implies that a region opposed a …” „… jointly advance other audiovisual concerns in the European arena forreasons specific to the German context …” „… expanding European audiovisual policies easier to understand.5 In order of importance,5 Since 1980 the PNV …”

Spain S. 129-138

„… refused to present to the Spanish parliament a document explainingits strategy for the reform, arguing …” „… onEuropean affairs on 21 December 1998 in Diario de Sesiones, Comisiones mixtas, VI Legislatura,n. 127, pp …” „… officials from the department of economy responsible for the European funds.One of the officials who …”

Coordination Mechanisms in Six Member States S. 29-43

„… parliaments. Furthermore, infederal member states where regional parties represent national or linguistic …” „… distinctiveness disappears in the European arena. The Art. 203 of theTreaty of the European Community (TEC …” „… combine in a single European agenda the concerns of the centre andthe regions, making it possible to …”

The Committee of the Regions S. 144-147

„… theproposals (…) of the European Parliament.” As it seems, the EP and its CRP paid evenless attention to the …” „… the regions of my case selection. These regions are considered in theEuropean context as resourceful …” „… and of rapporteurs from southern and northern European regions, and Ob.1 and Ob.2 areas, rapporteurs …”

Majority versus Minority Cultures in the CoR S. 93-99

„… representation in the CoR and on their contacts withthe Commission and the European Parliament.Majority versus …” „… actors with extremely diverse ideas on the ideal outlook of theEuropean audiovisual sector. For instance …” „… liberal andinterventionist agendas may find allies among member states and European institutions.In this …”

Italy S. 122-129

„… Straordinario (Gualini 2001: 756). The Commission, the Italian parliament, and public opinion had interpreted …” „… European regional programming, through the integrationof co-funding for the Structural Funds in the system …” „… funds, hereafter “the working-group,” was to act as an interfacebetween the European institutions, the …”

Germany S. 117-122

„… government (Spain).T: Tuscany. I: Italian central government Italy. EP: European Parliament. A minussign …” „… theEuropean Ob.1 and Ob.2 areas. Thirdly, the federal government and the Bundesratwanted to regain from the …”

Nationalist Parties and the Impact of Integration S. 43-48

„… theparty is characteristic of European parliamentary systems, the prevalence of the executive branch …” „… mechanisms for European policy establish the conditions under whichregions may set the bargaining stance of …” „… and European policy, the topic nevertheless calls for further attention (Hooghe 1995 a; Kerremans 2000 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845220932

Agnieszka Aleksandra Murawska (Nowakowska) - Administrative Anti-Fraud Measures within the European Union

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Agnieszka Aleksandra Murawska (Nowakowska)

Administrative Anti-Fraud Measures within the European Union

2008

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The European Parliament S. 155-156

„… 1553. The European ParliamentThe political control carried out by the European Parliament is aimed …” „… EC Treaty, the European Parliament has political oversight of the Commission.684 Within the European …” „… EC financialinterests.685 With respect to budgetary control, the European Parliament carries out …”

Reports of the European Parliament S. 238-239

„… , irregularities and fraud, 10 September 1999VI. Reports of the European ParliamentReport of the Inquiry Commission …” „… the European Parliament and of the Councilamending Regulations (EC) No. 1073/1999 and (EURATOM) No …” „… , p. 33 Opinion No. 8/2005 on a proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the …”

Communications S. 232-233

„… 232Decision of the European Parliament of 18 November 1999 concerning the terms and conditionsfor …” „… . 1Decision No 804/2004/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 establishing …” „… financial interests (Hercule programme), OJ L 143, 30.4.2004, p. 9Decision of the European Parliament, of …”

EC Decisions S. 230-232

„… the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 onthe Protection of Individuals with …” „… Decision of the European Parliament, of the Council and of the Commission of 19 July 1999appointing the …” „… European Parliament of 18 November 1999 concerning the terms and conditionsfor internal investigations in …”

Introduction – competences and procedure S. 159-161

„… the European Parliament and of the Council on the criminal-law protection of the Community’s financial …” „… Communities on a proposal for a European Parliament and Council Decision establishing a Community action …” „… , 11.11.2003; Opinion No. 6/2005 on a proposal fora Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council …”

Legislative proposals S. 233-234

„… Interinstitutional Agreement of 6 May 1999 between the European Parliament,the Council and the Commission on …” „… Interinstitutional Agreement of 6 May 1999 between the European Parliament,the Council and the Commission on …” „… , COM(2004) 221Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the …”

EC Resolutions S. 232

„… 232Decision of the European Parliament of 18 November 1999 concerning the terms and conditionsfor …” „… . 1Decision No 804/2004/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 establishing …” „… financial interests (Hercule programme), OJ L 143, 30.4.2004, p. 9Decision of the European Parliament, of …”

Secondary law instruments S. 70-79

„… »Commission, in co-operation with Member States, shall each year submit to the European Parliament andto the …” „… , 31.05.1999, p. 20.259 Decision No 804/2004/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 …” „… /EC of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 23 July 2007 amending and extending Decision No …”

Reports of the European Court of Auditors S. 237-238

„… , irregularities and fraud, 10 September 1999VI. Reports of the European ParliamentReport of the Inquiry Commission …” „… activities of the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) Regulation (EC) No. 1073/1999of the European Parliament …” „… European Parliament and of the Councilon the criminal-law protection of the Community’s financial interests …”

The European Court of Auditors S. 156-159

„… affect both accountability of OLAF andthe control functions of the European Parliament.4. The European …” „… reports and opinions. The Court is obliged to support the European Parliament and the Council inexercising …” „… ; Opinion No. 9/2001 on a proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the …”

The Supervisory Committee S. 154-155

„… ParliamentThe political control carried out by the European Parliament is aimed at guaranteeing transparency and …” „… greater participation of the citizens of Europe.683 Pursuant to the EC Treaty, the European Parliament has …” „… political oversight of the Commission.684 Within the European Parliament, the Budgetary Control …”

Other documents and materials S. 234-235

„… 1999 between the European Parliament,the Council and the Commission on budgetary discipline and …” „… of 6 May 1999 between the European Parliament,the Council and the Commission on budgetary discipline …” „… European Parliament(CoCoBu), 9.02.2006, IP/D/CONT/ST/2005-58 …”

Council documents S. 233

„… , COM(2004) 221Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the …” „… finalCommunication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the implications of the Court’s …” „… 277)7. Legislative proposalsProposal for a European Parliament and Council Directive amending Council …”

Draft Article 280a EC Treaty S. 191-193

„… majority, following the proposal of the Commission and with the assent of the European Parliament. 850 See …” „… EuropeanParliament and to the Council a report on the measures taken for the implementation ofthis Article«. 192 …” „… with the assent of the European Parliament, shall appoint a European PublicProsecutor for a …”

Reports of the European Commission S. 236-237

„… final/3Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council - Report on the …” „… activities of the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF), Parliament and Council Regulation (EC) No. 1073/1999 …” „… Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) Regulation (EC) No. 1073/1999of the European Parliament and of the Council and …”

EC Regulations S. 227-230

„… L 160, 26.06.1999, p. 103Regulation (EC) No. 1073/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council …” „… . 1783/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12June 1999 on the European Regional Development …” „… (EC) No. 1784/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 1999on the European Social …”

Reports of the Committee of Independent Experts S. 238

„… , irregularities and fraud, 10 September 1999VI. Reports of the European ParliamentReport of the Inquiry Commission …” „… the European Parliament and of the Councilamending Regulations (EC) No. 1073/1999 and (EURATOM) No …” „… , p. 33 Opinion No. 8/2005 on a proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the …”

The Immunities and Privileges S. 135-137

„… . 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of individuals with regard to the …” „… .603 Provisional version of the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and ofthe Council …” „… European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF). The MEPsargued that their immunity as Parliament members, their …”

ECJ S. 171-175

„… v European Parliament [2002] ECR II-579, Orderof the CFI of 2 May 2000.175consent. In the main …” „… for failure to act has been launched tothe European Community courts against OLAF/Commission. In …” „… Treaty«, see Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice annexed to the Treatyon European Union, to …”

Reform of Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 S. 197-199

„… «, ERA-Forum 2002, vol. 3, p. 147-151 (p.150).882 Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of …” „… seen as a positive step. 3.1.2 New proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the …” „… Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF)The public hearing on strengthening OLAF, which took place in the EuropeanParliament …”

Constitutional Treaty S. 195-197

„… 195ing in the European Parliament.866 The views on the applicability of the EPP varied considerably …” „… Commission to the Council and the European Parliament, Protection ofthe financial interests of the …” „… «, ERA-Forum 2002, vol. 3, p. 147-151 (p.150).882 Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of …”

The Community budget S. 27-37

„… European Parliament and of the Council of 25 May1999 concerning investigations conducted by the European …” „… inter-institutional agreement between the European Parliament, theCouncil of the European Union and the European …” „… between the European Parliament, theCouncil and the Commission on budgetary discipline and improvement of …”

Official secrecy S. 137-138

„… immunities was visible in thecase Rothley and Others v European Parliament.614 A group of 71 MEPs launchedan …” „… European Parliament (2002/C 144/84).615 See Press and Information Division of the ECJ, press release No …” „… that their immunity as Parliament members, their parliamentary investigation rights and freedom of …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-18

„… (Interinstitutional Agreement between the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission) 742.2.5 Sectoral …” „… – OLAF reports 1532. The Supervisory Committee 1543. The European Parliament 1554. The European Court of …” „… . 1073/99 1973.1.1 First drafts 1973.1.2 New proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of …”

Reports of the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) S. 237

„… activities of the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) Regulation (EC) No. 1073/1999of the European Parliament …” „… European Parliament and of the Councilon the criminal-law protection of the Community’s financial interests …” „… Structural Funds, OJ C 314,8.11.2001, p. 26Opinion No. 8/2003 on a proposal for a European Parliament and …”

Reports of the Supervisory Committee S. 237

„… activities of the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) Regulation (EC) No. 1073/1999of the European Parliament …” „… European Parliament and of the Councilon the criminal-law protection of the Community’s financial interests …” „… Structural Funds, OJ C 314,8.11.2001, p. 26Opinion No. 8/2003 on a proposal for a European Parliament and …”

The Director-General of OLAF S. 95-98

„… independent inter-institutional office, but this idea was not supported bythe European Parliament or by the …” „… Director-Generalafter consultation with the European Parliament and the Council, and after securing a favourable opinion …” „… European Parliament, of the Council and of the Commission (EC,EURATOM) No. 2005/833 of 4 November 2005 …”

External procedure of whistleblowing S. 145-146

„… Parliament, or the European Ombudsman. Wider disclosure beyond the above-mentioned institutions (e.g. to the …” „… 15.05.2001, COM (2001) 254 final, p. 16.651 Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 of the European Parliament and of the …” „… EuropeanParliament (CoCoBu), 9.02.2006, IP/D/CONT/ST/2005-58, p. 12 et seq.656 The Administrative Guide of the …”

Accountability mechanism – OLAF reports S. 153-154

„… by the European Parliament, external administrative control by the European Court ofAuditors …” „… European Parliament, theCouncil, the Commission and the Court of Auditors on the findings of investigations …” „… , inquiries of the Ombudsman, and judicial review by the European Community courts. 1. Accountability …”

Third-Pillar instruments aimed at harmonisation of Member State law S. 79-82

„… regulation of the European Parliament and of theCouncil on mutual administrative assistance for the …” „… Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on theimplications of the Court’s judgment of 13 …” „… basis and always in cooperation with the Council and the EuropeanParliament«; See Report on the …”

Outcome of Ombudsman’s inquiries S. 161-164

„… response and measures taken to be satisfactory, he may address a special report to the European Parliament …” „… the European Parliament that restated the recommendations.720 The special report concerned statements …” „… EuropeanParliament on 6 September 2001.164reasonable expectations of the complainant, and this constitutes an …”

EC Directives S. 230

„… the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 onthe Protection of Individuals with …” „… fraud prevention, OJ L 61, 4.03.1994, p. 27Decision (ECSC, EC, EURATOM) 94/262 of the European …” „… Parliament of 9 March 1994 on Regulations and general conditions governing the performance of the Ombudsman’s …”

Corpus Juris S. 188-191

„… EuropeanUnion, [2005] ECR I-7879.1892.1 Corpus JurisThe European Commission and the European Parliament launched …” „… assent of the European Parliament. 850 See Communication from the Commission of 29 September 2000 …” „… cooperation with Member States, shall each year submit to the EuropeanParliament and to the Council a report …”

External investigations S. 102-111

„… Parliament, administrativecontrol carried out by the European Court of Auditors and the Ombudsman …” „… ControlCommittee of the European Parliament); CTMO (Community Trademark Office) Committee; Customs Code Committee …” „… ) No. 2321/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16December 2002 concerning the rules …”

Appendix G. Press releases S. 249

„… 26.02.2002, »Willi Rothley and 70 other Members of the European Parliament v European Parliament«Commission …” „… in its internal investigative functions relating to the European institutions«Commission Press …” „… Release of 11.12.2001, »Green Paper on the establishment of a EuropeanPublic Prosecutor for the …”

List of abbreviations S. 19-22

„… JournalELR European Law ReporterELRev. European Law ReviewEP European ParliamentEPL European Public Law …” „… Legal Issues of European IntegrationMEP Member (Members) of the European ParliamentMJECL Maastricht …” „… . Criminal Law ReviewCYELS Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal StudiesDG Directorate-GeneralDÖV Die …”

Rights to be protected S. 121-135

„… the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EC …” „… , [1992]ECR I-6313.594 Article 2(a) of Regulation (EC) No. 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the …” „… interests«, Agon 2000,No. 28, p. 2.596 Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of …”

Judgments of the Court of First Instance S. 245-247

„… [2004] ECR I-2081, paragraph 79Case C-167/02 Willi Rothley and Others v European Parliament, judgment of …” „… Rothley and Others v European Parliament [2002] ECR II-579Case T-23/00 A. v Commission of the European …” „… Council of the European Union, judgment of 25.07.2002 Case C-210/00 Käserei Champignon Hofmeister GmbH …”

Enlargement and acquis communautaire with regard to protection of EC financial interests against fraud S. 183-184

„… . Members of the European Parliament and the Community auditors have repeatedly expressed their concern …” „… Parliament and of the Councilof 25 May 1999 concerning investigations conducted by the European …” „… the biggest enlargement in the history of the European Communities, theCommunity budget grew by about …”

Internal procedure of whistleblowing S. 144-145

„… Parliament, or the European Ombudsman. Wider disclosure beyond the above-mentioned institutions (e.g. to the …” „… 15.05.2001, COM (2001) 254 final, p. 16.651 Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 of the European Parliament and of the …” „… 1444.1.2 Form of providing informationThe European Communities require that whistleblowers report …”

Commission Draft Directive of 23 May 2001 on protection of EU funds under criminal law S. 193-194

„… the Council and the European Parliament. The European Parliament and the Council have proposed their …” „… interests: a European Prosecutor, COM (2000) 27.856 The draft Directive was to be adopted in co-decision by …” „… Report from the Commission, Implementation by Member States of the Conventionof the European Communities …”

Protection of persons who suffered retaliation S. 150-151

„… Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EC) No. 1073/1999 concerning …” „… shall have unlimited jurisdiction«.674 Pursuant to Article 195(1) »The European Parliament shall appoint …” „… retaliationThe European Communities do not provide for a specific protection mechanismfor whistleblowers that …”

Complaint to the Director-General according to Article 90(2) of the Statute S. 179-180

„… a proposal fromthe Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice …” „… orat the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the European Parliament andthe Commission …” „… complete independence, evenin its dealings with the European Commission« and with »the principles of …”

Complaint to the European Union Civil Service Tribunal according to Article 236 EC Treaty in conjunction with Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 and Article 90 of the Staff Regulations S. 180-182

„… a proposal fromthe Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the Court of Justice …” „… orat the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the European Parliament andthe Commission …” „… date on which the complaint waslodged. The European Community courts may contest the decision of the …”

UCLAF and the protection of the financial interests of the EC S. 63-65

„… established by the European Parliament with theaim to »examine the way the Commission detects and deals with …” „… Middelhoek and Walter Van Gerven. 221 Paragraph 1 of the Resolution of the European Parliament of 14 January …” „… 1987, the European Commission proposed the establishment ofanti-fraud cells within each department of …”

Supervisory Committee S. 98-99

„… See Decision of the European Parliament, of the Council and of the Commission (EC,EURATOM) No …” „… concerning this conception(opinion No. 2/99). 398 Draft Report of the European Parliament on introducing …” „… . 2005/833 of 4 November 2005 appointing the members of the Supervisory Committee of the European Anti-Fraud …”

Legal protection before the national courts S. 175-176

„… the suspension of the Parliament’s decision was revoked.3.2 Legal protection before the national …” „… allowed to check the decisions of the European Commission or the activities of OLAF. However, it is …” „… appeal to the European Courtof Human Rights, if he complies with the procedure (e.g. after exhausting …”

Administrative measures S. 87-88

„… enshrined in Article 7 of the European Convention forthe Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms …” „… (FORMA),[1983] ECR 395.340 Case C-85/76, Hoffman – La Roche v Commission of the European Communities …” „… , ARPE, cited after White, S. »Protection of theFinancial Interests of the European Communities: The …”

Reports of the European Ombudsman S. 239

„… 2004Special Report from the European Ombudsman to the European Parliament following the …” „… 239VII. Reports of the European Ombudsman1The European Ombudsman Annual Report 2001The European …” „… Ombudsman Annual Report 2002The European Ombudsman Annual Report 2003The European Ombudsman Annual Report …”

Administrative penalties S. 88-92

„… Community legislation.345 A definition was proposed in alegislative resolution embodying Parliament’s …” „… Enforcement of the Financial Interests ofthe European Union«, Antwerp/Groningen/Oxford 2001, p. 31- 41 (p. 35 …” „… v Commission of the European Communities, [1992] ECR I-5383.350 Council Regulation (EEC) No. 2262/84 …”

Appendix H. Internet sources S. 250

„… ECJhttp://curia.europa.eu/en/actu/communiques/index.htmECA http://www.eca.europa.eu/index_en.htmEuropean Parliament …” „… 250Appendix H. Internet sources33 All internet addresses were updated on 15 October 2006.European …” „… Anti-Fraud Officehttp://ec.europa.eu/dgs/olaf/European Commission http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htmEuropean …”

Background S. 95

„… independent inter-institutional office, but this idea was not supported bythe European Parliament or by the …” „… 95Chapter VI. The European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) 1. BackgroundThe European Anti-Fraud Office was …” „… . Organisation of OLAFIn its initial proposal, the European Commission intended to create OLAF as anentirely …”

Exceptions S. 146

„… on whistleblowing rules, prepared for the EuropeanParliament (CoCoBu), 9.02.2006, IP/D/CONT/ST …” „… contained in it, are substantiallytrue. The rules of the European Communities do not give further …” „… Guide of the European Commission657,which states that neither an official nor a manager is expected to …”

Action against persons who engaged in retaliation S. 151

„… shall have unlimited jurisdiction«.674 Pursuant to Article 195(1) »The European Parliament shall appoint …” „… pursuant to Article 236 EC Treaty672, Article 90 of theStaff Regulations673 or to complain to the European …” „… Ombudsman.674 5.5 Action against persons who engaged in retaliationThe European Community has not …”

Prerequisites for granting protection S. 146-147

„… on whistleblowing rules, prepared for the EuropeanParliament (CoCoBu), 9.02.2006, IP/D/CONT/ST …” „… contained in it, are substantiallytrue. The rules of the European Communities do not give further …” „… Guide of the European Commission657,which states that neither an official nor a manager is expected to …”

Assessment by the ECA S. 101-102

„… exercised by the European Parliament, administrativecontrol carried out by the European Court of Auditors …” „… EuropeanCommunity courts against OLAF acts (including investigative acts) must bebrought against the Commission, not …” „… on the European Commission, being a part of this institution, for example carrying out on-the-spot …”

Conclusion S. 102

„… Parliament, administrativecontrol carried out by the European Court of Auditors and the Ombudsman …” „… efficiency of OLAF activities. This supervision consists of political control exercised by the European …” „… of the European Communitycourts. Examples of other rules to be observed include the Staff Regulations …”

Principle of proportionality S. 113-114

„… between the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union and the Commission of the European …” „… European Central Bank (ECB)and the European Investment Bank (EIB) were nullified by the Court of Justicein …” „… respect to those organs. Accordingly, the ECB, EIB and European Investment Fund (EIF) adopted new …”

Green Paper on criminal-law protection of the financial interests of the Community S. 194-195

„… Prosecutor; 19.03.2003, COM(2003) 128 final, p. 23 et seq.195ing in the European Parliament.866 The views on the …” „… criminal-law protection of the financial interests of the Community and the establishment of a European Public …” „… Prosecutor was published on 11 December 2001.864 The debate at the European levelincluded contributions from …”

Conclusions S. 151-152

„… shall have unlimited jurisdiction«.674 Pursuant to Article 195(1) »The European Parliament shall appoint …” „… pursuant to Article 236 EC Treaty672, Article 90 of theStaff Regulations673 or to complain to the European …” „… Ombudsman.674 5.5 Action against persons who engaged in retaliationThe European Community has not …”

Consequences of irregularities S. 53-55

„… . 249.162 See Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament onthe prevention …” „… (amounts in 1,000)153 154Table 2:Number of cases communicated to the European Commission by the …” „… and fraud against the financial interests ofthe European Communities may be divided into several …”

Conclusions and prospects S. 93-94

„… Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament ona Union Policy Against Corruption …” „… -176/03, Commission of the European Communities v Council of the EuropeanUnion, [2005] ECR I-7879.374 De …”

Internal investigations S. 111-113

„… -470 See annex to the Interinstitutional Agreement between the European Parliament, the Council of the …” „… the European Communities. They aim at »fighting fraud, corruption and any other illegalactivity …” „… affecting the financial interests of the European Community», as well asinvestigating serious matters with …”

Preparation for accession S. 184-186

„… ; andRegulation (EC) No. 1073/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 25 May 1999 concerning …” „… 184the European Communities financial interests819; Council Regulation (EC,EURATOM) No. 2185/96 of …” „… to protect the EuropeanCommunities’ financial interests against fraud and other irregularities820 …”

Judgments of the European Court of Justice S. 241-245

„… Willi Rothley and Others v European Parliament, judgment of 30.03.2004, OJ C 106, 30.04.2004, p. 11Case …” „… 241Appendix F. Table of casesI. Judgments of the European Court of Justice Case C-8/55 Fédération …” „… Charbonnière de Belgique v High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community, [1955] ECR 201Case C-18/57 …”

Rights granted to whistleblowers S. 147-150

„… of the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation …” „… , the rules applicable for the staff of theEuropean Commission660 introduced an explicit provision that …” „… Staff Regulations of the European Communities. However, several of these rights wereclarified on a …”

Conclusions S. 202-204

„… , necessaryprotection for the whistleblowers should be ensured, and democratic oversight bythe European Parliament …” „… interests of the European Communities has been greatly strengthened in recent years. The anti-fraudmeasures …” „… and activity of the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) must beseen as an important and positive …”

Criminal penalties S. 92-93

„… Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament ona Union Policy Against Corruption …” „… -176/03, Commission of the European Communities v Council of the EuropeanUnion, [2005] ECR I-7879.374 De …”

Legal obstacles S. 55-59

„… Ghiselli of 15 May 1996, Southwark Crown Court. EuropeanParliament, Committee on Inquiry into the Community …” „… efficient protection of the financial interests of the European CommunitiesThe protection of the financial …” „… interests of the European Communities must overcome several obstacles and barriers. In this chapter, they …”

Primary law instruments S. 66-70

„… each year submit to the European Parliament andto the Council a report on the measures taken for the …” „… European Communities’ financial interests (so-called PFI instruments).2342. Protection of the financial …” „… protection of the financial interests of the European Community is carried outvertically by its institutions …”

Appendix E. List of parliamentary questions S. 240

„… website of the European Parliament .E-2905/04 written question by Paul van …” „… 240Appendix E.List of parliamentary questions22 All parliamentary questions are available at the …”

Objective of the study S. 23-24

„… European Ombudsman, parliamentary questions, legislative proposals, press releasesand press articles. The …” „… financial interests of the European Communities attracts constant media attention2 and causes wide public …” „… by the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF). The main questions concern the division of responsibilities …”

Methodology S. 24-25

„… decisions of the European Ombudsman, parliamentary questions, legislative proposals, press releasesand press …” „… considers the impact of EU enlargement in 2004 on the protectionof the financial interests of the European …” „… analysed, as well as the perspective of establishing the European Public Prosecutor within the framework of …”

Obligations of whistleblowers S. 142-144

„… the persons in equivalent positions,or the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) direct«.641This means …” „… March 2006.1444.1.2 Form of providing informationThe European Communities require that whistleblowers …” „… protection for informants. In addition, the staff of the European Commission can make use of the …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845206615

Stefan Ahlswede - Israel's European policy after the Cold War

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Stefan Ahlswede

Israel's European policy after the Cold War

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Motivation of the European Parliament S. 59-65

„… European Parliament, see Greilsammer, 1991 and Hausmann, 1995, on whom the descriptive part of this section …” „… to ECU 63 million by October 1991. 107 Council: 8426/ 87 C 2-259/ 87, European Parliament Sessions …” „… Documents A 2-0285/ 87. 108 Council: 881987-01-32 rev. I + corr. 1- C-2-259/ 87, European Parliament Session …”

Tactic S. 70-75

„… Foreign Ministry did not indeed feel quite the urge Shamir felt to overcome the European Parliament’s …” „… agricultural exports. 3.1.4. Tactic Now that we have seen what was behind the European Parliament’s position …” „… decision was aimed, not matters of export procedures. Similarly, the European Parliament’s refusal to …”

Conclusion S. 76-77

„… ? Unsurprisingly, most members of the European Parliament portrayed their sanction as a success, claiming Israel …” „… political and secondary at best. The damage done by the European Parliament’s measure was exclusively felt …” „… agricultural produce. The European Parliament did not succeed in making a perceivable impact on Israel’s …”

Background of Israel’s counterproductive behaviour S. 66-70

„… consider European sensibilities. In May 1988, after the European Parliament had already refused to ratify …” „… European Parliament’s blockade, Israel was not worried about annoying the EC at a further occasion, even …” „… were not seen as the true issue behind the European Parliament’s refusal and for the other since Israel …”

The actors S. 75-76

„… behaviour be influenced by Europe? Unsurprisingly, most members of the European Parliament portrayed their …” „… envisioned increase in quotas for agricultural produce. The European Parliament did not succeed in making a …” „… , Foreign Ministry and the National Bank. Success of the European Parliament’s “sanctions” can thus only be …”

Portray behaviour as if caused by EU attitude: the issue of the deportees S. 255-257

„… European Parliament called for suspension of financial links with Israel in reaction.744 The European …” „… Cooperation Council in early February.745 The European Parliament, in contrast, strongly demanded that the …” „… deportations, 1993; Yediot Acheronot 1993, January 21, 44. 746 European Parliament slams deportations, 1993 …”

Israel’s motivation to agree S. 77-85

„… be ratified, let alone that it could threaten any to the European Parliament. There were negative …” „… , this option was not viable in this case. To a very large part, the European Parliament denied its …” „… soon. So even this potentially limited incentive for the EC and its parliament was lost. Of course …”

The case studies S. 16-18

„… relations: the European Parliament’s 1988 refusal to ratify three protocols of the 1975 Cooperation …” „… further EC enlargements for Israel, deliberations on how Israel could best profit from European Monetary …” „… Union in Brezis, 1995, and Rubin Meridor, 1995, arguing against Israeli membership of the European …”

The German channel S. 254-255

„… , the Socialist party of the European Parliament called for suspension of financial links with Israel in …” „… met with Peres for the 1993 Cooperation Council in early February.745 The European Parliament, in …” „… 254 left by the US with European alternatives: examples have been Israel’s use of the Barcelona …”

State of research S. 15-16

„… relations: the European Parliament’s 1988 refusal to ratify three protocols of the 1975 Cooperation …” „… Israel’s relations with Europe, its relations with the EC/ EU and with individual European states have been …” „… few.2 Having taken a European point of view and – with the exception of Menzel, 2007 – having focussed …”

General outline S. 27-28

„… role the EC/ EU ought to play in the Middle East: the conflict with the European Parliament over …” „… of Israel’s European policy. Chapter 2 thus gives a short account of Israel’s position in the …” „… history, particularly the history of the European Jewry. We will then look into images that have resulted …”

Reference List S. 285-322

„… , from Conference on the full integration of Israel in the EU, European Parliament, Brussels, 4-6 March …” „… http://www.medea.be/index.html?page=2&lang=en&doc=286. European Parliament slams deportations (1993, January 22). Jerusalem Post …” „… non-ratification of the EEC-Israel protocols by the European Parliament (1988). Middle Eastern Studies (Abingdon …”

The data basis S. 26-27

„… European Parliament over independent Palestinian export 1986–1988 and the issue of a European participation …” „… literature has been published on Israel-European relations. Primary sources such as dossiers or strategy …” „… psychological environment of Israel’s European policy. Chapter 2 thus gives a short account of Israel’s position …”

Incompatible visions: European or Middle Eastern? S. 268-270

„… of Israel’s dependence on Europe’s markets and because of Israel’s high interest in the Europeans …” „… with the Europeans. This is why association with the EU ranks so comparatively low on Israel’s order of …” „… . 6.2.2. Incompatible visions: European or Middle Eastern? Israel wants to be a modern country, an …”

Incompatible notions: European or special? S. 270-272

„… 270 gional policy was more in line with European ideas than the previous and following governments …” „… ’. 6.2.3. Incompatible notions: European or special? There are more incompatibilities: Israel has announced …” „… parliament, the Knesset. Freeing capital movement amounts to giving up the independence of Israel’s monetary …”

Perception of the EU’s attitude S. 228-231

„… has included behaviour in Israeli peace process policy that has been met with European rejection. To a …” „… considerable degree Israel is ready to dismiss such European criticism as being caused by Europe’s intrinsic …” „… dislike. Consequently, such European disapproval of Israeli behaviour is experienced as another instance …”

The 1975 Free Trade and Cooperation Agreement S. 125-127

„… . Due to a conflict with the European Parliament, however, the protocols did not come into force until …” „… Fourth Framework Programme for Research and Development for Israel as the first non-European country to …” „… processors of Israel’s European policy involved, with the possible exception of the military and defence …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-10

„… . Motivation of the European Parliament 64 3.1.2. Background of Israel’s position 65 3.1.3. Background of …” „… (DIAS) at the Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf2.AuflageIsrael’s European policy after the Cold …” „… 1.4.3. The data basis 26 1.5. General outline 27 2. The environment of Israel’s European policy 29 2.1 …”

Preventing an EU political role S. 239-243

„… , keine Sanktionen gegen Israel zu verhängen], 1990; Rabin at the European Parliament, quoted in PS 1993 …” „… European policy system and in Israel’s civil society who have spoken out and promoted closer association …” „… formulation or conduct of Israel’s European policy. 5.2.4.3. Competing elites Finally, a word on competing …”

Further measures S. 195-202

„… , Rome and Athens. Rabin went to Brussels, where he spoke to the European Parliament. Peres met Delors …” „… marked example of declaratory policy, Foreign Minister Levy thus tried to win the Europeans’ sympathies …” „… . It is a behaviour in the peace process compatible with the Europeans’ ideas that prompts the EU to be …”

What we need: form follows function S. 18-21

„… day-to-day politics in Israel’s European policy, we need a rather sophisticated model. We do want to analyse …” „… influence of actors such as parliament, political parties and interest groups. We will also need to be able …” „… Israel’s European policy, we need to see what has come of it and we need an implementation perspective.5 …”

Index S. 323-331

„… Policy 41, 252 European Organisation for Molecular Biology 132 European Parliament 16, 27, 59, 61, 63 …” „… AGREXCO 59, 60, 63, 65, 66, 74, 76, 124, 238 Aid, American 37, 115, 116, 118, 188 Aid, European 99, 139 …” „… Programme (EMP) 32, 41, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 182, 201, 202, 260 European Bank …”

Excursion: the EC agrees to negotiations – a success of Israeli policy? S. 134-144

„… attention to its relations with the EC, Israel decided to set up an embassy exclusively for the European …” „… issue to sanction Israel’s comportment in the peace process may well have been on the minds of European …” „… of Israel to the European Community: Israel, viewed from Brussels, was – and still is – first and …”

Background of Israel’s position S. 65-66

„… inter-institutional rivalry, too. Just as with the European Parliament, Israel’s behaviour was not determined by the …”

A third leg – Counterbalance a possible decrease of American commitment S. 113-119

„… important”, Foreign Minister Levy told Israel’s ambassadors in Europe in May 1992, a European orientation …” „… good that Israel could expect European arms shipments in times of war. But far beyond this minimalist …” „… – if not specifically made for – a European audience. Even so, they do go far beyond mere declaratory …”

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