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David Krivanek - The Weapons Provisions in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and in the German Code of Crimes Against International Law

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David Krivanek

The Weapons Provisions in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and in the German Code of Crimes Against International Law

2010

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Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-18

List of Abbreviations S. 19-20

Overview of the Rome Statute's weapons provisions S. 21-23

Article 8 (2) (b) (xx) of the Rome Statute S. 23

Comparison with the weapons provisions of the Code of Crimes against International Law S. 23-24

History of restricting the use of certain means of warfare S. 24-25

Overview of new provisions in the Rome Statute S. 25-27

Drafting history of the weapons provisions in the Rome Statute S. 27-31

Introduction S. 31-33

Content of the Code of Crimes against International Law S. 33-34

Interpretation of the Code of Crimes against International Law S. 34-35

Recourse by the ICC to the Code of Crimes against International Law S. 35-37

General Comment S. 38-39

Employment S. 39-40

Substance S. 40

Weapon that releases a substance as a result of its employment S. 40

Toxic properties S. 40-42

Effects of the substance S. 42-44

Relationship to Article 8 (2) (b) (xviii) of the Rome Statute S. 44-46

Weapons encompassed by Article 8 (2) (b) (xvii) of the Rome Statute S. 46-67

Mental Element S. 67-70

Conclusion regarding the scope of application of Article 8 (2) (b) (xvii) of the Rome Statute S. 70

Introduction S. 70

Scope of application S. 70-73

Weapons encompassed by Sec. 12 (1) No. 1 of the CCAIL S. 73-81

Mental element S. 81-83

Aggravating circumstances S. 83-85

Conclusion regarding the scope of application of Sec. 12 (1) No. 1 of the CCAIL S. 85

Comparing Article 8 (2) (b) (xvii) of the Rome Statute and Sec. 12 (1) No. 1 of the CCAIL S. 85-86

General Comment S. 87-89

Employment S. 89

Gas or other analogous substance or device S. 89-90

Asphyxiating or toxic properties S. 90-91

Effects of the gas, substance or device S. 91-92

Scope of application S. 92-93

Weapons encompassed by Article 8 (2) (b) (xviii) of the Rome Statute S. 93-117

Mental Element S. 117-118

Conclusion regarding the scope of application of Article 8 (2) (b) (xviii) of the Rome Statute S. 118

Introduction S. 118

Scope of application S. 118-123

Other weapons encompassed by Sec. 12 (1) No. 2 of the CCAIL S. 123-125

Mental element S. 125-126

Aggravating circumstances S. 126

Conclusion regarding the scope of application of Sec. 12 (1) No. 2 of the CCAIL S. 126

Comparing Article 8 (2) (b) (xviii) of the Rome Statute and Sec. 12 (1) No. 2 of the CCAIL S. 126

General Comment S. 127-128

Element of Crime 1: The perpetrator employed certain bullets. S. 128

Bullets that expand or flatten easily in the human body S. 128-135

In violation of the international law of armed conflict S. 135-136

Possible applicability to other weapons S. 136-138

Mental Element: The perpetrator was aware that the nature of the bullets was such that their employment would uselessly aggravate suffering or the wounding effect. S. 138-140

Conclusion regarding the scope of application of Article 8 (2) (b) (xix) of the Rome Statute S. 140-141

Introduction S. 141-142

Scope of application S. 142

Other bullets S. 142-145

Mental element S. 145

Aggravating circumstances S. 145-146

Conclusion regarding the scope of application of Sec. 12 (1) No. 3 of the CCAIL S. 146

Comparing Article 8 (2) (b) (xix) of the Rome Statute and Sec. 12 (1) No. 3 of the CCAIL S. 146

General Comment S. 147-148

Employing weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare S. 148-149

Of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering or inherently indiscriminate S. 149-165

In violation of the international law of armed conflict S. 165

Subject of a comprehensive prohibition S. 165-172

Included in an annex to the Statute S. 172-173

Mental element S. 173

Conclusion regarding the scope of application of Article 8 (2) (b) (xx) of the Rome Statute S. 173-174

Implementation of Article 8 (2) (b) (xx) of the Rome Statute into the German Code of Crimes against International Law S. 174

Conclusion S. 174-175

Introduction S. 176

Contextual element 1 S. 176-179

Contextual element 2 S. 179

Contextual elements of Article 8 (2) (b) (xx) of the Rome Statute S. 179

Armed conflict S. 179-181

Nexus between the acts and the armed conflict S. 181

Mental element S. 181

Comparing the contextual elements of the Rome Statute and of the CCAIL S. 181-185

Conclusion regarding the contextual elements S. 185-186

Findings S. 187-188

A decision by the International Criminal Court S. 188-190

Future Review Conferences S. 190-193

Introduction S. 194-195

Decision taken at the Review Conference S. 195-196

Elements of Crimes of the new provisions S. 196-198

Conclusion S. 198-200

Bibliography S. 201-232

doi.org/10.5771/9783845227559

Kai Ambos, Otto Triffterer - The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

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Kai Ambos (ed.), Otto Triffterer (ed.)

The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2016

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Roberta Arnold, Elisabeth Baumgartner, Michael Cottier, Knut Dörmann, Robin Geiß, Julia Grignon, David Krivanek, Sabine Mzee, Emilia Richard, Stefan Wehrenberg, Andreas Zimmermann . War crimes S. 296-580

doi.org/10.5771/9783845263571

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