The issue of recognising the effects of gender affirmation is a controversial subject that the European Court of Human Rights often faces as a result of States’ reluctance in addressing such matter. This paper analyses the recent judgment of the European Court in the case of X and Y v. Romania, in which, by unanimously declaring the requirement of mandatory surgery for gender affirmation as contrary to Article 8 ECHR, the Court significantly increases the protection and autonomy of transgender people and takes an extremely important and positive step forward in respect to transgender rights in Europe.
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