The Social History of Law as a Factor of the Rule of Law

Yury Fogelson; Dmitry Poldnikov

doi:10.5771/0030-6444-2021-2-172

Contents
- Chapter Expand | CollapseAuthorsPage
- 129–130 Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis 129–130
- 131–132 EDITORIAL 131–132
- 133–269 AUFSÄTZE 133–269
  - 133–144 Zur Frage der doktrinellen Auslegung des Artikels 61 Pkt. 3 der Verfassung der Republik Kasachstan Ermek B. Abdrasulov Ermek B. Abdrasulov 133–144
  - 145–157 Criminal Responsibility For Non-Risky Behaviors Wiktor Antolak Wiktor Antolak 145–157
  - 158–171 Zivilrechtliche Problematik der Covid-19-Pandemie in Polen Damian Dobosz Damian Dobosz 158–171
  - 172–201 The Social History of Law as a Factor of the Rule of Law Yury Fogelson, Dmitry Poldnikov Yury Fogelson, Dmitry Poldnikov 172–201
  - 202–218 Culpa in Contrahendo as the General Ground for Precontractual Liability in Polish Civil Code Wojciech J. Kocot Wojciech J. Kocot 202–218
  - 219–225 Professionelle Rechtskultur im System der Rechtskultur der Gesellschaft Akmaral Saktaganova Akmaral Saktaganova 219–225
  - 226–236 Rechtlicher Inhalt der Institutionalisierung von Eigentum und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Entwicklung der Gesellschaft und des Staates Bagila Tleulesova Bagila Tleulesova 226–236
  - 237–250 Are Crypto-Assets Green Enough? – An analysis of draft EU Regulation on markets in crypto assets from the perspective of the European Green Deal Emanuel Wanat Emanuel Wanat 237–250
  - 251–260 Aspekte der Ausbildung und Auswahl von Richtern: Erfahrungen aus dem Ausland Sayash Kairatuly Zhenissov Sayash Kairatuly Zhenissov 251–260
  - 261–269 Peculiarities of Land Reform and Introduction of the Land Market in Ukraine: Legal Security and Consequences Olha Zyhrii Olha Zyhrii 261–269
- 270–271 AUS JUSTIZ UND RECHTSPRECHUNG IN OSTEUROPA 270–271
- 272–272 IMPRESSUM 272–272
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OER Osteuropa Recht , page 172 - 201

The Social History of Law as a Factor of the Rule of Law

Autoren

Yury Fogelson Dmitry Poldnikov

DOI
- doi.org/10.5771/0030-6444-2021-2-172
- ISSN: 0030-6444
- ISSN online: 2366-6730
Abstract

The rule of law, understood as ideology and legal rules, is believed to be a competitive advantage of Western civilization, supporting its sustainable development. Yet it can also be viewed as a social norm of citizens who respect the law and follow its commands. How does this social norm emerge in different societies? This question must be answered through the social history of the law in Western and non-Western societies from a comparative perspective. This paper outlines the main features of comparative socio-legal history and tests it on some significant historical examples. In the first part of the article, the authors propose a functional classification of legal systems into three ideal Weberian types-the law of judges, learned law, and the law of the authorities. It allows us to consider the origin of the social norm of the rule of law. In the second part of the article, the authors trace the transition from the ideal types to natural legal systems and identify the factors that determine the stability of the social norm of the rule of law where it originated. In the final part of the article, the authors conclude that, first, the social norm of the rule of law emerged in the societies where the law had been treated either as a means of resolving disputes (the law of judges) or as the rules of fair, correct conduct (learned law), for example, the Roman Republic, medieval England, continental Europe, and the Ottoman Empire. Secondly, the stability of the social norm of the rule of law seems to be explained by a "triangle" of factors, namely: 1) political competition where all participants understand the inevitability of compromise on the basis of the law, 2) law which is suitable for finding a compromise due to its internal merits, 3) a professional community of jurists who develop and apply law independently of the administration. Such a triangle is possible in any society where the law of judges or learned law prevails and where the majority of participants in the political process are ready to compromise based on the current law. / JEL Classification: K 10; K 11; K 12
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