13 List of Abbreviations ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ANS Advanced Network Services ANSNET computer network of the ANS ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency ARPANET computer network of ARPA AS Autonomous System AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph Corporation] AUP Acceptable Use Policy of the NSF BITNET early inter-university computer network BGP Border Gateway Protocol BnetzA Bundesnetzagentur (German national regulatory authority) CATV Cable-television CD Compact Disc CIX Commercial Internet Exchange CLEC Competing Local Exchange Carrier CSNET computer network for computer scientists at smaller universities DNS Domain Name System DSL Digital Subscriber Line ERG European Regulators Group EC European Commission E-commerce Electronic-commerce E-government Electronic-government E-mail Electronic-mail E-learning Electronic-learning EU European Union FCC Federal Communications Commission FECE Fulfilled Expectations Cournot Equilibrium FTTH Fiber-to-the-home FTTC Fiber-to-the-curb HEPNet High Energy Physicists computer network of the Department of Defense ICANN Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ILEC Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier ISP Internet Service Provider IP Internet Protocol IPTO Information Processing Techniques Office IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4 IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 14 IX Internet Exchange IXP Internet Exchange Points Kbps Kilobits per second LATA Local Access and Transport Area MB Marginal Benefit Mbps Megabits per second MC Marginal Cost MDF Main Distribution Frame MILNET computer network of the U.S. Department of Defense MFENET Magnetic Fusion Energy network of the U.S. Department of Energy MPB Marginal Private Benefit MSB Marginal Social Benefit NAP Network Access Point NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NGA Next Generation Access NGN Next Generation Network NPL National Physical Laboratory NRA National Regulatory Authority NSF National Science Foundation NSFNET computer network of the NSF OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ONA Open Network Architecture OSI Open Systems Interconnection PC Personal Computer POI Point of Interconnection PoP Point of Presence PRNET computer network of the U.S. military PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network ONP Open Network Provision QoS Quality of Service RFC Request for Comments RPI Retail Price Index SATNET Satellite Packet Network SMP Significant Market Power SPAN computer network of NASA TCP Transmission Control Protocol TELRIC Total Element Long Run Incremental Costs TSLRIC Total Service Long Run Incremental Costs UNE Unbundled Network Element UNE-P UNE platform service UNIX an operating system for servers and workstations URL Uniform Resource Locator 15 USENET an inter-university computer network VDSL Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line VoIP Voice over IP telephony W-LAN Wireless Local Access Network WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access