Common European Sales Law (CESL)

doi:10.5771/9783845265469

Common European Sales Law (CESL)

- Commentary -

Reihe: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

1. Auflage 2012

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doi.org/10.5771/9783845265469
ISBN print: 978-3-8329-7205-9
ISBN online: 978-3-8452-6546-9
Nomos, Baden-Baden Nomos, Baden-Baden

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Zusammenfassung

Ein Gemeinsames Europäisches Kaufrecht rückt näher. Die Kommission hat im Oktober 2011 eine Regelung vorgestellt, die insbesondere kleineren Unternehmen bei grenzüberschreitenden Verträgen ein einfacheres rechtliches Instrumentarium zur Verfügung stellten.

Die Reaktionen auf den von EU-Kommissarin Reding vorgelegten Kommissionsentwurf für ein fakultatives Gemeinsames Europäisches Kaufrecht sind enorm, große Industrieverbände melden sich zu Wort, Rechtswissenschaft und Politik äußern sich pointiert. Das, was einerseits als unnötiger und regelwidriger Dirigismus beschrieben wird, wird andererseits als nützliche Gestaltungsalternative aufgefasst.

Einig ist man sich in der Einschätzung des Durchsetzungsvermögens der federführenden EU-Kommissarin. Das Europäische Parlament hat seine Unterstützung bereits mit überwältigender Mehrheit signalisiert, das künftige Kaufrecht wird auf dem vorgelegten Entwurf fußen. Juristisch muss der Text so früh wie möglich systematisiert, durchdrungen und im Für und Wider der gefundenen Ergebnisse bewertet werden. Nur auf dieser Basis wird die Rechtswissenschaft noch Einfl uss auf das Verfahren nehmen können.

Der erste Kommentar zum Gemeinsamen Europäischen Kaufrecht kommt dem in vorbildlicher Weise nach.

Er analysiert sämtliche 202 Artikel, erklärt ihre Funktion, die zugrunde liegenden Rechtsprinzipien sowie die rechtsdogmatische Herleitung

Beschreibt – Artikel für Artikel – die zu erwartenden Probleme in der Rechtsanwendung

Kritisiert die Regelungen, wo notwendig, und gibt konkrete Vorschläge für eine interessengerechtere Regelung

Dem Herausgeber, Professor Dr. Dr. h.c. Reiner Schulze, Professor für Deutsches und Europäisches Zivilrecht, Direktor des Centrums für Europäisches Privatrecht und des Institutes für Internationales Wirtschaftsrecht an der Universität Münster ist es gelungen, auf dem Gebiet des europäischen wie internationalen Kaufrechts führende europäische Autoren einzubinden.

Abstract

The landscape of European Sales Law is rapidly taking shape. In October 2011, the European Commission proposed a Common European Sales Law (CESL) to facilitate cross-border transactions between businesses and between businesses and consumers. It contains a complete sales law and provisions for the supply of digital content and purchase of related services.

The Commentary analyses all 202 articles of the CESL, explains their function and doctrinal context and indicates the possible problems of their application. In doing so it offers a critical contribution to the legislative procedure and prepares practising lawyers, legal scholars and students for the use of the new European case law. Each article is dealt with in the same structure:

Function and underlying principles

Systematical context

Analysis and interpretation, including references to potential problems in practice

Criticism and possible improvements

The authors are renowned jurists from numerous European countries and with great experience in European and international contract law.

Kapitel Ausklappen | EinklappenSeiten
1–17 Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis 1–17
18–20 List of contributors 18–20
20–28 Abbreviations 20–28
28–34 Bibliography 28–34
34–38 List of Cases 34–38
38–122 Proposal for a REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL on a Common European Sales Law 38–122
122–780 ANNEX I COMMON EUROPEAN SALES LAW CESL (P) 122–780
- 122–162 Part I Introductory provisions 122–162
  - Chapter 1 General principles and application
    - 122–131 Section 1 General principles 122–131
      - 122–126 Article 1 Freedom of contract Schulte-Nölke 122–126
      - 126–128 Article 2 Good faith and fair dealing 126–128
      - 128–131 Article 3 Co-operation 128–131
    - 131–162 Section 2 Application 131–162
      - 131–134 Article 4 Interpretation 131–134
      - 134–140 Article 5 Reasonableness 134–140
      - 140–142 Article 6 No form required 140–142
      - 142–145 Article 7 Not individually negotiated contract terms Mazeaud/Sauphanor-Brouillaud 142–145
      - 145–147 Article 8 Termination of a contract Zoll 145–147
      - 147–151 Article 9 Mixed-purpose contracts Schulte-Nölke 147–151
      - 151–154 Article 10 Notice 151–154
      - 154–157 Article 11 Computation of time 154–157
      - 157–162 Article 12 Unilateral statements or conduct 157–162
- 162–340 Part II Making a binding contract 162–340
  - 162–216 Chapter 2 Pre-contractual information 162–216
  - 216–246 Chapter 3 Conclusion of contract Terryn 216–246
    - 216–217 Introduction to arts 30–39 216–217
    - 217–221 Article 30 Requirements for the conclusion of a contract 217–221
    - 221–225 Article 31 Offer 221–225
    - 225–228 Article 32 Revocation of offer 225–228
    - 228–229 Article 33 Rejection of offer 228–229
    - 229–231 Article 34 Acceptance 229–231
    - 231–233 Article 35 Time of conclusion of the contract 231–233
    - 233–235 Article 36 Time limit for acceptance 233–235
    - 235–237 Article 37 Late acceptance 235–237
    - 237–241 Article 38 Modified acceptance 237–241
    - 241–246 Article 39 Conflicting standard contract terms 241–246
  - 246–291 Chapter 4 Right to withdraw in distance and off-premises contracts between traders and consumers SchulzeRight to withdraw 246–291
    - 246–247 Introduction to arts 40–47 246–247
    - 247–260 Article 40 Right to withdraw 247–260
    - 260–265 Article 41 Exercise of right to withdraw 260–265
    - 265–269 Article 42 Withdrawal period 265–269
    - 269–273 Article 43 Effects of withdrawal 269–273
    - 273–278 Article 44 Obligations of the trader in the event of withdrawal 273–278
    - 278–284 Article 45 Obligations of the consumer in the event of withdrawal 278–284
    - 284–288 Article 46 Ancillary contracts 284–288
    - 288–291 Article 47 Mandatory nature 288–291
  - 291–340 Chapter 5 Defects in consent Pfeiffer 291–340
    - 291–301 Article 48 Mistake 291–301
    - 301–309 Article 49 Fraud 301–309
    - 309–313 Article 50 Threats 309–313
    - 313–321 Article 51 Unfair exploitation 313–321
    - 321–324 Article 52 Notice of avoidance 321–324
    - 324–327 Article 53 Confirmation 324–327
    - 327–330 Article 54 Effects of avoidance 327–330
    - 330–334 Article 55 Damages for loss 330–334
    - 334–337 Article 56 Exclusion or restriction of remedies 334–337
    - 337–340 Article 57 Choice of remedy 337–340
- 340–433 Part III Assessing what is in the contract 340–433
  - 340–364 Chapter 6 Interpretation 340–364
  - 364–413 Chapter 7 Contents and effects 364–413
    - 364–366 Article 66 Contract terms Kieninger 364–366
    - 366–371 Article 67 Usages and practices in contracts between traders 366–371
    - 371–374 Article 68 Contract terms which may be implied 371–374
    - 374–380 Article 69 Contract terms derived from certain pre-contractual statements 374–380
    - 380–385 Article 70 Duty to raise awareness of not individually negotiated contract terms 380–385
    - 385–388 Article 71 Additional payments in contracts between a trader and a consumer 385–388
    - 388–391 Article 72 Merger clauses 388–391
    - 391–395 Article 73 Determination of price 391–395
    - 395–399 Article 74 Unilateral determination by a party 395–399
    - 399–402 Article 75 Determination by a third party 399–402
    - 402–404 Article 76 Language 402–404
    - 404–408 Article 77 Contracts of indeterminate duration 404–408
    - 408–413 Article 78 Contract terms in favour of third parties 408–413
  - 413–433 Chapter 8 Unfair contract terms Mazeaud/Sauphanor-Brouillaud 413–433
- 433–653 Part IV Obligations and remedies of the parties to a sales contract or a contract for the supply of digital content 433–653
  - 433–469 Chapter 9 General provisions Zoll 433–469
  - 469–527 Chapter 10 The seller’s obligations Zoll 469–527
    - 469–477 Section 1 General provisions 469–477
      - 469–473 Article 91 Main obligations of the seller 469–473
      - 473–477 Article 92 Performance by a third party 473–477
    - 477–500 Section 2 Delivery 477–500
      - 477–482 Article 93 Place of delivery 477–482
      - 482–487 Article 94 Method of delivery 482–487
      - 487–490 Article 95 Time of delivery 487–490
      - 490–494 Article 96 Seller’s obligations regarding carriage of the goods 490–494
      - 494–500 Article 97 Goods or digital content not accepted by the buyer 494–500
      - 500–500 Article 98 Effect on passing of risk 500–500
    - 500–527 Section 3 Conformity of the goods and digital content 500–527
  - 527–570 Chapter 11 The buyer’s remedies Zoll 527–570
  - 570–611 Chapter 12 The buyer’s obligations 570–611
    - 570–574 Section 1 General provisions 570–574
      - Article 123 Main obligations of the buyer Dannemann
    - 574–602 Section 2 Payment of the price 574–602
      - 574–580 Article 124 Means of payment 574–580
      - 580–584 Article 125 Place of payment 580–584
      - 584–589 Article 126 Time of payment 584–589
      - 589–595 Article 127 Payment by a third party 589–595
      - 595–602 Article 128 Imputation of payment 595–602
    - 602–611 Section 3 Taking delivery 602–611
      - 602–605 Article 129 Taking delivery 602–605
      - 605–611 Article 130 Early delivery and delivery of wrong quantity 605–611
  - 611–639 Chapter 13 The seller’s remedies 611–639
  - 639–653 Chapter 14 Passing of risk Zoll/Watson 639–653
    - 639–642 Section 1 General provisions 639–642
      - 639–640 Article 140 Effect of passing of risk 639–640
      - 640–642 Article 141 Identification of goods or digital content to contract 640–642
    - 642–645 Section 2 Passing of risk in consumer sales contracts 642–645
      - Article 142 Passing of risk in a consumer sales contract
    - 645–653 Section 3 Passing of risk in contracts between traders 645–653
      - 645–646 Article 143 Time when risk passes 645–646
      - 646–648 Article 144 Goods placed at buyer’s disposal 646–648
      - 648–650 Article 145 Carriage of the goods 648–650
      - 650–653 Article 146 Goods sold in transit 650–653
- 653–672 Part V Obligations and remedies of the parties to a related service contract 653–672
  - Chapter 15 Obligations and remedies of the parties
- 672–716 Part VI Damages and interest Možina 672–716
  - Chapter 16 Damages and interest
    - 672–692 Section 1 Damages 672–692
      - 672–676 Article 159 Right to damages 672–676
      - 676–682 Article 160 General measure of damages 676–682
      - 682–684 Article 161 Foreseeability of loss 682–684
      - 684–686 Article 162 Loss attributable to creditor 684–686
      - 686–688 Article 163 Reduction of loss 686–688
      - 688–691 Article 164 Substitute transaction 688–691
      - 691–692 Article 165 Current price 691–692
    - 692–704 Section 2 Interest on late payments: general provisions 692–704
      - 692–698 Article 166 Interest on late payments 692–698
      - 698–704 Article 167 Interest when the debtor is a consumer 698–704
    - 704–716 Section 3 Late payments by traders 704–716
      - 704–708 Article 168 Rate of interest and accrual 704–708
      - 708–711 Article 169 Compensation for recovery costs 708–711
      - 711–715 Article 170 Unfair contract terms relating to interest for late payment 711–715
      - 715–716 Article 171 Mandatory nature 715–716
- 716–759 Part VII Restitution Lehmann 716–759
  - Chapter 17 Restitution
    - 716–728 Article 172 Restitution on avoidance or termination 716–728
    - 728–741 Article 173 Payment for monetary value 728–741
    - 741–747 Article 174 Payment for use and interest on money received 741–747
    - 747–751 Article 175 Compensation for expenditure 747–751
    - 751–756 Article 176 Equitable modification 751–756
    - 756–759 Article 177 Mandatory nature 756–759
- 759–780 Part VIII Prescription Møgelvang-Hansen 759–780
  - Chapter 18 Prescription
780–784 Appendix 1 Model instructions on withdrawal 780–784
784–786 Appendix 2 Model withdrawal form 784–786
786–788 ANNEX II STANDARD INFORMATION NOTICE Standard Information Notice 786–788
788–817 EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM Explanatory Memorandum 788–817

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Common European Sales Law (CESL) , Seite 1 - 17

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

Autoren

DOI

doi.org/10.5771/9783845265469-1
ISBN print: 978-3-8329-7205-9
ISBN online: 978-3-8452-6546-9
Nomos, Baden-Baden Nomos, Baden-Baden

Kapitelvorschau

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Common European Sales Law (CESL) , Seite 18 - 20

List of contributors

Autoren

DOI

doi.org/10.5771/9783845265469-18
ISBN print: 978-3-8329-7205-9
ISBN online: 978-3-8452-6546-9
Nomos, Baden-Baden Nomos, Baden-Baden

Kapitelvorschau

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Common European Sales Law (CESL) , Seite 20 - 28

Abbreviations

Autoren

DOI

doi.org/10.5771/9783845265469-20
ISBN print: 978-3-8329-7205-9
ISBN online: 978-3-8452-6546-9
Nomos, Baden-Baden Nomos, Baden-Baden

Kapitelvorschau

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Common European Sales Law (CESL) ,