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Agnieszka Aleksandra Murawska (Nowakowska) - Administrative Anti-Fraud Measures within the European Union

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Agnieszka Aleksandra Murawska (Nowakowska)

Administrative Anti-Fraud Measures within the European Union

2008

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ECJ S. 171-175

„… measures in Community law can be divided into two distinct categories:measures awarded by the ECJ and those …” „… .761 Moreover, according to Article 243 EC Treaty, the ECJ may prescribe any measures that it considers …” „… noted that interim measures have a provisional nature;this means that the order given by the ECJ or CFI …”

Rights to be protected S. 121-135

„… rejected by the ECJ. In the case Orkem v. Commission581, the ECJconcluded that in the relationship with an …” „… been acknowledged by the jurisprudence of the ECJ. In Imperial Chemical Industries v Commission525, it …” „… held by the ECJ as constituting a fundamental guaranteeof the right of the defence, which cannot be …”

Secondary law instruments S. 70-79

„… investigations caused problems in several Community institutions and the conflict ended up in the ECJ.First, the …” „… criminal sanctions for serious offences. The ECJ annulled the Framework Decision of Council No. 2003/80/JHA …” „… following chapter. The case law of the ECJ also confirmed the obligation of the Member States toperform the …”

Legal protection before the national courts S. 175-176

„… Articles 242 and 288(2) EC Treaty,and they were further clarified by the jurisprudence of the ECJ.781 The …” „… submitsuch cases to the ECJ, see Koch, Robert »Zu Vorlagepflicht nationaler Gerichte an denEuGH in Verfahren …” „… See the jurisprudence of the ECJ concerning »effet – utile«, see Kuhl, L./Spitzer, H., op.cit., p. 37 …”

The Immunities and Privileges S. 135-137

„… orlegal measure of constraint without an authorisation of the ECJ. EC officials are602 Regulation (EC) No …” „… (or former officials) testifying before the ECJ or before612 Vide: BBC R4 Westminster Hour 27/2/00 …” „… . For example, the ECJ heldalthough ex-Commissioner Cresson acted in breach of her obligations as a …”

Official secrecy S. 137-138

„… ) testifying before the ECJ or before612 Vide: BBC R4 Westminster Hour 27/2/00. However, even in case of …” „… lifting immunities,there remains an issue of accountability for committed crimes. For example, the ECJ …” „… considered this statement a sufficient penalty, see: ECJ judgment of11.07.2006, case C-432/04 Commission of …”

Third-Pillar instruments aimed at harmonisation of Member State law S. 79-82

„… undergoing a revolutionarychange in light of the judgment of the ECJ of 13 September 2005 in case C-176/03 …” „… , though with some caution.296Notwithstanding the new judgment of the ECJ, the protection of the …” „… the PFI Convention of26 July 1995297, the First Protocol of 27 September 1996298, the ECJ Protocol of …”

Addressee of the sanctions S. 84-85

„… situation.317According to the case law of the ECJ, the proclaimed transgression must be severeenough to …” „… acknowledged bythe ECJ in a landmark case.325 Pursuant to this judgment, the ECJ confirmed thatthe Commission …” „… the case law ofthe ECJ. In the case Federal Republic of Germany v Commission331, the Court held324 See …”

Charter of fundamental rights S. 200-201

„… , which would operate alongside the external legality control exercised by the CFI and ECJ.891 The draft …” „… Charter can also be used asan ‘inspiration’ for the ECJ, and thus it may become de facto law in practice …” „… it cannot prevent the ECJ from developing additional rights through case law that might emerge from …”

Sanctions imposed by the Community and the Member States S. 85-86

„… MemberStates. The Community competence to impose sanctions was acknowledged bythe ECJ in a landmark case.325 …” „… Pursuant to this judgment, the ECJ confirmed thatthe Commission has competence to include within …” „… protection of the financial interests of the EC was clarified by the case law ofthe ECJ. In the case Federal …”

Action for damages (Article 288 EC Treaty) S. 176-179

„… 176control the enforcement of this decision; it is the exclusive competence of theECJ. The national …” „… As part of its control of the legality ofCommunity acts in the submission procedure, the ECJ permits …” „… v Commission of the European Communities.795 In this case, the ECJ confirmed the responsibility of …”

Rule of law S. 114-115

„… In its jurisprudence, the ECJ has expressed an exception to this principle, namely if retroactivity …” „… principle of legal certainty in the jurisprudence of the ECJ See Smit, Hans/Herzog, Peter »The law of the …” „… Tridimas, T. »The General Principles of EClaw«, p. 170.486 ECJ Bosch v van Rijn [1962] ECR 113; Racke v …”

Limitations with respect to enforcement S. 115-116

„… conditions when it comes to othermeasures.487 In its jurisprudence, the ECJ has expressed an exception to …” „… about the principle of legal certainty in the jurisprudence of the ECJ See Smit, Hans/Herzog, Peter »The …” „… expectations, see Tridimas, T. »The General Principles of EClaw«, p. 170.486 ECJ Bosch v van Rijn [1962] ECR …”

Appendix G. Press releases S. 249

„… criminal-law protection of the Community’s financial interests«,IP/01/1794 ECJ Press Release No. 17/02 of …” „… President of the Court of FirstInstance in Case 193/04 R«ECJ Press Release No. 88/04 of 2.11.2004, »The …”

Admissibility of the complaint S. 166-170

„… directly and individually736 affected the applicant. As consistently repeated by the ECJ, the complaintmay …” „… action forannulment.742 The ECJ concluded that the decision of OLAF to close the case andthe Final Case …” „… ofthe ECJ of 8 April 2003. 740 Case T-4/05, Strack v Commission, OJ C 57, 5.03.2005; Order of the Court …”

Methodology S. 24-25

„… existing jurisdiction of the ECJ, as wellas the possible catalogue of rights. It also examines immunities …” „… law. The current case law of the ECJ shows that, apart from the third pillar measures – socalled PFI …”

Historical development of anti-fraud mechanisms within the EC S. 62-63

„… financial interests of eitherthe EC or the Member State in the same manner. A judgement of the ECJ playeda …” „… Republic.207 The ECJ stated that »It should be observedthat where Community legislation does not …”

Complaints for failure to act according to Article 232(3) EC Treaty S. 170-171

„… law can be divided into two distinct categories:measures awarded by the ECJ and those adopted by the …” „… national courts.7603.1 ECJPursuant to Articles 242 and on the basis of Article 225(1) EC Treaty, the ECJmay …” „… , according to Article 243 EC Treaty, the ECJ may prescribe any measures that it considers necessary …”

Draft Commission Decision amending its Decision (1999/352/EC, ECSC, EURATOM) of 28 April 1999 establishing the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) S. 199-200

„… , which would operate alongside the external legality control exercised by the CFI and ECJ.891 The draft …” „… Charter can also be used asan ‘inspiration’ for the ECJ, and thus it may become de facto law in practice …”

Conclusions S. 202-204

„… being, the only protection available to victimsis to be found at the ECJ. But even though the ECJ has …”

Irregularities detrimental to the revenues S. 44-46

„… Regulation(EC) No. 2988/95 covers neither VAT fraud nor GNI-based revenues to the ECbudget. The ECJ has not yet …” „… , WBl. 2004,vol. 12, p. 545-555 (p. 548) with references to the case law of the ECJ, such as Case C …”

Complaint to the European Union Civil Service Tribunal according to Article 236 EC Treaty in conjunction with Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No. 1073/99 and Article 90 of the Staff Regulations S. 180-182

„… ). See also Press Release ofthe ECJ No. 88/04, 2.11.2004 The Council of the European Union has adopted …” „… by the ECJ. Staff members of Community organs canbring matters arising from conditions of employment …”

Primary law instruments S. 66-70

„… non-discrimination and the principleof assimilation, enshrined by the ECJ in the judgment Commission of the European …” „… to ensure protection ofthe environment by using criminal sanctions for serious offences. The ECJ …”

The Community budget S. 27-37

„… , secondary legislation and the jurisprudence ofthe ECJ provide further clarifications with respect to this …” „… confirmed by the ECJ in its judgments of 10 July 2003.8 The ECJ pronounced explicitly that the expression …”

Fundamental rights, immunities, privileges S. 117

„… . These disputes between the ECB, EIB v Commission as well as the EP v Commission wereresolved by the ECJ …”

Delimitation of the research S. 25

„… possible to leave aside all aspects and mechanisms of criminal law. The current case law of the ECJ shows …”

General remarks S. 188

„… direction was made by the judgment of the ECJ of 13September 2005, which acknowledged the Community …”

Principle of internal organisational autonomy of EC institution S. 116-117

„… . These disputes between the ECB, EIB v Commission as well as the EP v Commission wereresolved by the ECJ …”

List of abbreviations S. 19-22

„… Fundamental FreedomsECJ European Court of JusticeECLRev. European Competition Law ReviewECU European Currency …”

Outline S. 25-26

„… possible to leave aside all aspects and mechanisms of criminal law. The current case law of the ECJ shows …”

Objective of the study S. 23-24

„… on-the-spot checks, particularly thecharacter of OLAF investigations and the existing jurisdiction of the ECJ …”

Other financial resources S. 37-38

„… Investment Bank.In its judgment in the case Commission v European Central Bank82, the ECJ heldthat the …”

Functions of sanctions S. 83-84

„… occurred and, if possible, restore the lawful situation.317According to the case law of the ECJ, the …”

General remarks S. 118-119

„… provided for by theECJ in competition law, namely rights foreseen for persons accused in …”

Fraud S. 38-39

„… Central Bank82, the ECJ heldthat the financial interests of the Community include not only revenues …”

Principle of proportionality S. 113-114

„… respect the principle of proportionality.472 Thisprinciple has been recognised by the ECJ as a part of EC …”

Protection of financial interests in the Treaty of Maastricht S. 65-66

„… MaastrichtThe principles enunciated by the ECJ in the case 68/88227 were introduced intoprimary law through the …”

Complaint to the Director-General according to Article 90(2) of the Statute S. 179-180

„… ). See also Press Release ofthe ECJ No. 88/04, 2.11.2004 The Council of the European Union has adopted …”

Internal investigations S. 111-113

„… been recognised by the ECJ as a part of EC law473 and has been introduced into Article 5 EC Treaty …”

Legal character of OLAF investigations S. 119-121

„… provided for by theECJ in competition law, namely rights foreseen for persons accused in …”

Reporting obligations S. 49-51

„… As confirmed by the case law of the ECJ136, these requirements rely alsoon the general principles of …”

UCLAF and the protection of the financial interests of the EC S. 63-65

„… MaastrichtThe principles enunciated by the ECJ in the case 68/88227 were introduced intoprimary law through the …”

Rights granted to whistleblowers S. 147-150

„… particular on hisstatus as a whistleblower.663 Strack appealed against this judgment to the ECJ664,arguing …”

The Director-General of OLAF S. 95-98

„… ECJ, if he considers that his independence maybe jeopardized or has been infringed by a measure taken …”

Corpus Juris S. 188-191

„… direction was made by the judgment of the ECJ of 13September 2005, which acknowledged the Community …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-18

„… failure to act according to Article 232(3) EC Treaty 1703. Action for interim measures 1713.1 ECJ 1713.2 …”

Administrative penalties S. 88-92

„… impose such sanctions were also confirmed by the jurisprudence of the ECJ.364The current mechanism is an …”

External investigations S. 102-111

„… isthe prerogative of the ECJ424, but only as an internal instruction. Finally, it should be mentioned …”

Appendix H. Internet sources S. 250

„… ECJhttp://curia.europa.eu/en/actu/communiques/index.htmECA http://www.eca.europa.eu/index_en.htmEuropean Parliament …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845206615

Niteleka Jacob Nichaenzi Jaconiah - The Effects of Trademark Rights on the East African Common Market

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Niteleka Jacob Nichaenzi Jaconiah

The Effects of Trademark Rights on the East African Common Market

Series: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center - MIPLC Studies

Volume 16 2012

Results in this title

Principles developed by the ECJ S. 209-217

„… States”. 780 Nevertheless, in view of some ECJ’s judgments, such as Grundig,781 Parke,782 Sirena,783 …” „… . KG. [1971] ECR 00487. 211 a) Grundig Grundig785 is one of the early ECJ’s cases which involved …” „… court (i.e. the Italian Court) soliciting the ECJ’s response thereto: “assuming that the national law …”

Conditions for Community trade mark exhaustion S. 220-227

„… exhaustion: The U.K. perspective”, 23(5) E.I.P.R. 224, 228 (2001). 827 Cf. ECJ, Case C-173/98, Sebago …” „… Anatomy” 285 (Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003). 829 ECJ, Case C-173/98, Sebago Inc. and …” „… goods on the market”, the ECJ responded that: ... goods bearing a trade mark cannot be regarded as …”

Formal and substantive requirements vis-à-vis non-traditional marks S. 84-90

„… representation for the purpose of Article 2 of the Directive”. 271 Viewed in light of the ECJ’s observation …” „… representation of combination of colours may, as well, present some difficulties. The ECJ’s holding in …” „… number of ECJ decisions dealing with unconventional trademarks, it has become the leading decision also …”

Limitations to CTM rights S. 137-142

„… most cases the natural persons concerned, should be trading as sole traders. 511 However, the ECJ …” „… Directive89/104/EEC – harmonising trade mark law) was adopted. (See ECJ, Case C-245/02 Anheuser-Busch Inc …” „… interpretation of the relevant legal text by the ECJ (cf. ECJ, Case C-49/02 Heidelberger Bauchemie [2004] ECR I …”

Rationale of Community trade mark exhaustion S. 218-220

„… . 821 The ECJ, in Silhouette case,822 made it clear that Member States were not allowed to introduce …” „… the Austrian trade mark law. 824 The ECJ ruled out the principle of international exhaustion of trade …” „… international exhaustion 819 ECJ, joined cases C-414/99 to C-416/99 ZinoDavidoff SA [2001] ECR I-08691 …”

The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union S. 208-209

„… expressed in recent ECJ’s case law, refers to a scenario in which a trade mark proprietor devises a scheme …” „… State. 778 The ECJ’s use of the term “artificial partitioning” presupposes existence of “natural …” „… circumstances, imports, exports or goods in transit” (cf. ECJ, Case C-2/73 Gedo v Ente Nazionale Risi [1973 …”

Factors vitiating exhaustion S. 227-236

„… relied upon in various subsequent ECJ’s decisions such as the joined cases C-427/93, C-429/93 and …” „… , Practice and Procedures” (2nd ed., Release #4) XII.17 (INTA, New York 2005). 235 The ECJ’s judgment in …” „… to the provisions of Articles 34 and 36 of TFEU. In the Van Doren case858 the ECJ appreciated the …”

Introduction S. 207-208

„… recent ECJ’s case law, refers to a scenario in which a trade mark proprietor devises a scheme enabling …” „… State. 778 The ECJ’s use of the term “artificial partitioning” presupposes existence of “natural …” „… chapter examines the balance achieved by the ECJ and the EC 773 legislature to ensure that trade-mark …”

Trademark use as a condition for infringement S. 131-133

„… ] ETMR 307 (HC). 481 Cf. Three Stripes trade mark [2002] ETMR 553. 482 ECJ, 11 November 1997, Case …” „… C- 251/95, Sabel BV v. Puma AG [1997] ECR I-06191, para. 26. 483 ECJ, 11 November 1997, Case C …” „… advertising. The ECJ has given some guidance in relation to the use requirement as a condition for …”

Absolute Grounds S. 90-111

„… designations. 329 According to ECJ’s decision in Windsurfing Chiemsee case330, the prohibition against …” „… Reggiano by another Name: the ECJ’s Parmesan Decision”, 39(8) IIC 951 et seq. (2008); and EVANS, G.E …” „… the ECJ’s decision in Benetton/G-Star 384 “the shape of a product which gives substantial value to …”

Protection of a CTM with reputation S. 133-137

„… which the ECJ has, for instance, required an earlier trademark with reputation to be known “by a …” „… ). However, clarifying on the extent of territorial recognition of a trademark with reputation, the ECJ …” „… , “Kerly’s Law of Trade Marks and Trade names” (4th ed.) 384 (Sweet & Maxwell, London 2005). 499 ECJ …”

Scope of CTM protection S. 112-118

„… hitherto no ECJ’s decision clarifying the phrase “rights of more than mere local significance”, it may be …” „… assumed that, in view of analogous ECJ’s decisions, 409 the earlier rights concerned will fulfil the …” „… under the double identity doctrine of infringement, notwithstand- 390 ECJ, 20 March 2003, Case C …”

Principles of trade mark law S. 51-67

„… categorised by the ECJ as essential function of a trade mark.131 The ECJ has, however, clarified that a trade …” „… University Press, Oxford 2003). 131 ECJ, Case C-102/77, Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. AG v Centrafarm [1978] ECR …” „… 01139, para. 7. Cf. also ECJ, Case C-487/07, L'Oréal SA and Others v Bellure NV and Others [2009 …”

Likelihood of confusion S. 118-131

„… as an indication of origin. 416 This conclusion is supported by various decisions of the ECJ, 417 …” „… which altogether confirm that: 411 ECJ, 11 November 1997, Case C- 251/95, Sabel BV v. Puma AG [1997 …” „… distinction between direct and indirect risks of confusion drawn by the ECJ in the following words: “there is …”

Delineation and forms of trade mark exhaustion S. 217-218

„… is the ECJ’s approach to the balancing of two opposing interests, namely, the fundamental tenet of …” „… upon by the ECJ to define the extent to which manufacturers and/or trade mark proprietors may rely on …” „… goods into the EU”. 814 Thus, regional exhaustion of CTM rights is 811 ECJ, Case C-102/77 …”

Substantive requirement – the capability to distinguish S. 81-83

„… chamber forming part of the external surface of a vacuum cleaner was held to be unregistrable. The ECJ’s …” „… European Union (CJEU) (formerly designated as the European Court of Justice (ECJ)) and the General Court …” „… (Sweet & Maxwell, London 2007). 250 ECJ, 25 January 2007, Case C-321/03, Dyson Ltd [2007] ECR I-00687 …”

Applicable law S. 200-204

„… Cf. ECJ, Case C-9/93 IHT Internationale Heiztechnik GmbH v Ideal Standards GmbH [1994] ECR I-02789 …” „… ECJ, Case C-316/05, Nokia Corp. v Joacim Wärdell [2006] ECR I-12083, para. 3 of the operative part …” „… . 760 ECJ, Case C-316/05, Nokia Corp. v Joacim Wärdell [2006] ECR I-12083, para. 4 of the operative …”

Revocation S. 160-162

„… , 1125 (2006). 612 The ECJ’s jurisprudence reveals that, whereas in considering the question whether …” „… (cf. ECJ, Case C-259/02 La Mer Technology Inc. v. Laboratoires Goemar SA [2004] E.C.R. I-1159, para …”

Bibliography S. 265-276

„… Reggiano by another Name: the ECJ’s Parmesan Decision”, 39(8) IIC 951 (2008). HEATH, C., “The …” „… (2006) Centrafarm BV et Adriaan de Peijper v Winthrop BV (ECJ, Case C-16/74) [1974] ECR 01183 CINZANO …” „… Handelsgesellschaft mbH (ECJ, Case C-355/96) [1998] ECR I-04799 Sirena S.r.l. v Eda S.r.l. and others (Case 40/70 …”

Office responsible for CTM system S. 80-81

„… as the European Court of Justice (ECJ)) and the General Court (GC) attached to the CJEU (formerly …”

Relative grounds for refusal S. 111-112

„… - 390 ECJ, 20 March 2003, Case C-291/00 LTJ Diffusion SA v Sadas Vertbaudet SA [2003] ECR I-02799 …”

Legal basis S. 45-47

„… territoriality principle of national trade marks cf. ECJ, Case C-9/93 IHT Internationale Heiztechnik GmbH v …”

Table of contents S. 7-14

„… of the European Union 208 II. Principles developed by the ECJ 209 13 1. Existence and …”

Duties in relation to CTM S. 142-145

„… proprietor from losing his CTM rights provided he is not at fault for the non-use. The ECJ jurisprudence …”

Trade mark rights in the Common Market S. 47-51

„… Regarding the territoriality principle of national trade marks cf. ECJ, Case C-9/93 IHT Internationale …”

CTM application S. 146-152

„… CTM application. Whereas names, addresses and 554 Cf. ECJ, Case C-361/01 P Kristina KIK [2003 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845242156

Bertrand P. Wägenbaur - Court of Justice of the EU

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Bertrand P. Wägenbaur

Court of Justice of the EU

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2013

Results in this title

[Review by the ECJ] S. 252-254

„… This provision is closely related to Art. 56 (3) Statute ECJ, which enables MemberStates and …” „… firstinstance.Article 62 [Review by the ECJ](1) In the cases provided for in Art. 256 (2) and (3) of the Treaty on …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32. Coherence between Art. 62 (1) and Art. 56 (3) Statute ECJ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 …”

Index S. 980-997

„… General see also Judges– Delivery of opinion RP ECJ 82 2– Designation RP ECJ 16– First Advocate General RP …” „… ECJ 14see First Advocate General– General Court Stat 49 1 et seq., RPGC 2 1 et seq., 17 et seq …” „… .– Involvement Stat 20 24 et seq.– Opinions RP ECJ 197– Review of decisions of GC RP ECJ195 3Agents see …”

INTRODUCTION S. 276-282

„… of the ECJ1. Main legal remedies2 The ECJ’s jurisdiction has been gradually focused on mainly three …” „… Art. 190 RP ECJ.4 Art. 105 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Intro202Reemers …” „… 2008 p. 13).9 See Art. 207 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice Intro RP ECJ203Reemers …”

Scope of the urgent preliminary ruling procedure S. 425-430

„… procedure to gaintime wherever possible, i.e. not only by arranging the ECJ’s calendar accordingly,but also …” „… preliminaryruling procedure (Art. 107 et seq. RP ECJ), which has resulted in Art. 106 RP ECJ,to which Art. 114 RP …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62. Upon the ECJ’s own motion …”

Procedures for dealing with cases S. 338-344

„… those parties which areestablished in e.g. Luxemburg or somewhere near the ECJ.Article 52 Setting and …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20I. General1 This is a new provision, partly based on existing provisions of the RP ECJ.II …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:123 …”

Scope S. 391-401

„… would be impaired if a national court, having stayedproceedings while waiting for the ECJ’s reply to a …” „… judgmentfollowing the ECJ’s reply239.bb) Mandatory reference to constitutional court11A national court that, in a …” „… dialoguewith the ECJ. The statistical figures regarding all 27 Member States as published inthe ECJ’s annual …”

Content of the request for a preliminary ruling S. 401-407

„… the ECJ’sresponsibility, bearing in mind the division of labour in referral proceedings303.4In …” „… legislation after the matter is referred to the ECJ do notaffect the ECJ’s interpretation of EU law310.c …” „… . Rather, the ECJ’s assessment may considercriteria of logic or economy of proceedings358, which may imply …”

Expedited procedure S. 420-425

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3b) ECJ’s own motion …” „… actions388originates in the ECJ’s reflection paper of May 1999389. These provisions reveal thefact that in …” „… ) ECJ’s own motion4 Pursuant to the previously applicable Art. 104 a RP ECJ the President could …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-75

„… Justice (ECJ)Case Number Parties ECR* ReferenceC-5/55 Assider v High Authority [1955] ECR 263 Stat 43, 7C …” „… ] ............................................................................................. 175Article 62 [Review by the ECJ …” „… CommunityECHR................. European Convention on Human Rights; European Court ofHuman RightsECJ …”

Rectification of judgments and orders S. 417-419

„… . On the ECJ’s own motion2It seems from the wording of paragraph 1 that the ECJ may correct such errors …” „… to the ECJ’s consistent case-law an interested may not seek theinterpretation of a judgment delivered …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:383 …”

Content of the appeal S. 534-539

„… (1) (d) RP ECJ reproduces in essence Art. 120 (1) (c) RP ECJ,which governs the content of an …” „… scope than that of the case which it brought before the GC817.The ECJ’s appellate jurisdiction is thus …” „… for annulment (seeArt. 120 RP ECJ).Article 169 Form of order sought, pleas in law and arguments of the …”

Other provisions applicable to appeals S. 558-560

„… Art. 130 (1) RP ECJ.IV. Anonymity (paragraph 3)7 Granting anonymity if need be is a horizontal rule …” „… ECJ).Article 191 Reviewing ChamberA Chamber of five Judges shall be designated for a period of one year for …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:273 …”

Content of the application S. 442-449

„… ) (c) RP ECJ required a “summary of the pleas in law on which theapplication is based”, which the ECJ’s …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:473 …” „… obligations under paragraphs 2 and 3 has a bearing onthe serving of the documents (see Art. 123 RP ECJ). This …”

a [Expedited and urgent procedures] S. 159-163

„… paternalism,thus deterring them from referring questions to the ECJ.Article 23a [Expedited and urgent procedures](1 …” „… was very demanding indeed and,due to this very restrictive wording as well as the ECJ’s strict …” „… detailed the “urgent procedure”449 provided for in Art. 23 a Statute ECJ,which is limited to referrals in …”

[Referral for preliminary rulings] S. 139-159

„… formerEAEC statute of the ECJ and the EEC statute of the ECJ.Article 23 [Referral for preliminary rulings](1 …” „… provisions318, and ultimately also to apply the ECJ’s answers to the individual case in question319. Such …” „… in theperformance of its function, may also refer questions to the ECJ.d) Jurisdiction and …”

INTRODUCTION S. 76-85

„… “Statute of the Court of Justice of the EuropeanUnion” (hereafter: Statute ECJ):a) Treaties4 The Treaty of …” „… Arts. 251 to 281 TFEU.aa) Court of Justice (hereafter: ECJ)7Art. 251–281 TFEU emphasize the ECJ’s …” „… the ECJ’s caseload to increase exponentially since 1951, whichhas subsequently necessitated the …”

[Written and oral procedure] S. 130-136

„… to be considered“university teachers” competent to try cases before the ECJ.Article 20 [Written and …” „… .254 Art. 59 Statute ECJ, Art. 181 RP ECJ and Art. 146 RP GC.255 Art. 76 RP ECJ.Title III. Procedure …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7a) ECJ …”

Revision S. 513-517

„… on the whole. In view of the ECJ’s current jurisdiction,revision has very little importance for …” „… . 44 Statute ECJ.Title IV. Direct Actions Art. 159 RP ECJ439Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck …” „… ECJ’s judgment cannot in and of itself prevent aforementionedjudgment from being considered discovery of …”

Recoverable costs S. 482-486

„… guidance inthe ECJ’s case-law concerning taxation matters, and should also take account thecomments …” „… to refund these amounts to the ECJ. The mere fact that the622 Art. 145 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of …” „… Advocate-General’s opinion and/or the ECJ’s judgment, etc., are not recoverable. However,this is different in the …”

[Referring an action and staying proceedings] S. 223-227

„… ECJ.Article 55 [Notification of decisions]Final decisions of the General Court, decisions disposing of the …” „… of the GC must remain withinthe legal framework set by the Statute ECJ and, ultimately, the TFEU …” „… . This does notmean that the Statute ECJ needs to provide an explicit or elabourate legal basis forthese …”

Decision relating to the expedited procedure S. 469-473

„… any room for offering evidence in proceedings which come underthe jurisdiction of the ECJ.III. Reply …” „… . 62 a into four provisions, i.e. Art. 133 to 136 RP ECJ,which comprise certain substantive changes and …” „… ECJ.a) Room for a common request2 Since such request may be lodged by either party, it may also be …”

Hearing S. 372-374

„… ECJ’s decision.164 Art. 53 (2) RP ECJ and p. 23–24 “Notes for the guidance of the Counsel”.165 Art. 20 …” „… (5) Statute ECJ and Art. 99 RP ECJ.166 Art. 181 and 182 RP ECJ.Title II. Common Procedural Provisions …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:233 …”

Content of the defence S. 451-454

„… provision takes account of the ECJ’s jurisdiction for applications based onArt. 273 TFEU concerning special …” „… Article 151 RP ECJ.II. Time-limit and contents of a statement of defence (paragraph 1)1. New time-limit2 …” „… ”.517 See Art. 46 (1) RP GC.518 See Art. 39 (1) RP CST.519 Art. 45 (1) Statute ECJ.Title IV. Direct …”

Request for clarification S. 415-417

„… could have been inserted into a more fundamental provision, such asArt. 94 RP ECJ.Article 101 Request …” „… meaning of Article 23 Statute ECJwas a practice of the ECJ anyway, which has now been enshrined in the RP …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:383 …”

Application for legal aid S. 434-437

„… Art. 76 of the previous RP ECJ.II. Admissibility of application (paragraph 1)1. General2 When making …” „… an application for legal aid, a party also has to consider the ECJ’s“Supplementary Rules”445. Such an …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:443 …”

Obligation to be represented S. 438-442

„… detailed in Article 38 (3), (5) and (7) ofthe previous RP ECJ.II. Agent or lawyer (paragraph 1)1. Agents2 …” „… assistance as theclient needs. The Statute ECJ’s definition of a lawyer, as referred to in Art. 119 (3)RP ECJ …” „… of those groups, they are, unlike ECJjudges, not under the jurisdiction of the ECJ regarding conduct …”

Calculation of time-limits S. 333-336

„… TIME-LIMITSIntroductionPursuant to the ECJ’s case law, the principle that every person has a right to a fairtrial, established by …” „… Art. 45(1) Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 49260Reemers Publishing …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:113 …”

Anonymity S. 407-408

„… or Tribunal in the main proceedings, i.e.prior to referring its questions to the ECJ.III. Anonymity …” „… urgent preliminaryrulings procedures (Art. 107 et seq. RP ECJ).Article 96 Participation in preliminary …” „… observations (paragraph 1)1This provision, for which there was so far no equivalent in the RP ECJ,reproduces …”

Judgments by default S. 499-502

„… decision at issue, except for the revisionwithin the meaning of Art. 159 RP ECJ.Article 154 Rectification1 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:073 …” „… the ECJ declares the application for a preliminary objection or issue wellfounded, or the Judges …”

Rectification S. 502-505

„… decision at issue, except for the revisionwithin the meaning of Art. 159 RP ECJ.Article 154 Rectification1 …” „… continuation or ratherepilogue of proceedings.696 See Art. 154 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:083 …”

Determination of measures of inquiry S. 361-363

„… order is served upon the parties and interested persons within themeaning of Art. 23 Statute ECJ.IV …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:203 …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmArt. 62 RP ECJ. Measures of procedural organisation are a …”

Opening or reopening of the oral part of the procedure S. 382-385

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:273 …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmECJ’s web page on the day they are handed down, but are not …” „… opinion (seeArt. 20 (5) Statute ECJ), the end of the oral part of the procedure coincides with theend of …”

[Measures of organisation and inquiry] S. 163-167

„… . By contrast, the cases coming under the ECJ’sjurisdiction are essentially if not exclusively about …” „… of the Statute ECJregarding the CST.456 See Arts. 61–62 RP ECJ, Art. 64 RP GC and Art. 55 to 56 RP …” „… must nevertheless indicate the reasonswhy he believes that Art. 107 RP ECJ should apply. Art. 105 RP …”

Procedures concerning deliberations S. 308-311

„… oral hearing, are centralelements of the ECJ’s judicial activity. These deliberations take place in …” „… as observers. The deliberations take place inFrench, i.e. the ECJ’s working language. Thus, there are …” „… ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 32234Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck …”

Interpretation of preliminary rulings S. 419-420

„… (paragraph 1)2 Pursuant to the ECJ’s consistent case-law an interested may not seek theinterpretation of a …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3b) ECJ’s own motion …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:393 …”

Constitution of Chambers S. 289-291

„… : 160.00mm 240.00mmEU and, later on, also on the ECJ’s website, www.curia.europa.eu. As a result …” „… ECJ.V. Transparency6The composition of the chambers within the meaning of Art. 11 (2) is publishedin the …” „… OJ EU.37 Art. 113 RP ECJ.Title I. Organisation of the Court Art. 11 RP ECJ215Reemers Publishing …”

Lodging of the appeal S. 530-534

„… of the ECJ(as well as the GC, in case of appeals against the decisions of specialised courts …” „… See Art. 190 RP ECJ.803 See Art. 256 (1) (2) TFEU and Art. 58 (1) Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:173 …”

Application for suspension or for interim measures S. 517-526

„… though this is not a term officially used by the ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:133 …” „… declared admissible the ECJ will assess the substance.VIII. Judgment (paragraph 7)16 The revised judgment …”

Lodging of procedural documents S. 349-355

„… written submissions are translated by the translation department of the ECJ,with no charge for the party …” „… pages sent. However, there is a risk that the telefaxline might be busy and/or that the ECJ’s telefax …” „… obviousbearing on the ECJ’s workload and thus also on the average duration of theproceedings. So far the ECJ has …”

[Conflict of interest, bias] S. 111-120

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52. Overemphasis of the ECJ’s perspective …” „… contributable to the ECJ’s independence as a judicial institution;since EU states must reach consensus to …” „… legislatively counteract an ECJ decision and/or limit ECJjurisdiction, it is highly unlikely that legislative …”

Exclusion from the proceedings S. 327-330

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:093 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9III. Measures by the ECJ (paragraphs 1 and 2 …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16I. Introduction1 This provision is designed to protect the functioning of the ECJ and to protectthe …”

Object and effects of the intervention S. 460-463

„… hisadmission, the intervener must not only accept the case as he finds it at the time557 Art. 157 RP ECJ.Title …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:533 …” „… practice the party needs to provide the ECJ with anexhaustive justification. This exception must not, quite …”

Dispute concerning the costs to be recovered S. 486-492

„… vis-a`-vis the other party. It follows from the ECJ’scase-law that a claim for recovery of costs must be …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:023 …” „… parties or party employees may only be recoverable if the ECJ has ordered their personal appearance …”

Questions S. 377-380

„… Statute ECJ.175 Art. 107 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 80302Reemers …” „… , the ECJposes no questions at all. On the whole, the Judges of the ECJ tend to ask fewerquestions than …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:253 …”

Solemn undertaking S. 285-286

„… longer quotes the contents of the solemn undertaking, but refersto Art. 4 Statute ECJ.II. Code of conduct …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:553 …” „… in the ECJ, as each Member State sends its own judicialrepresentative to the ECJ as both a …”

Privileges, immunities and facilities S. 322-325

„… ECJ.CHAPTER 1RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF AGENTS, ADVISERS AND LAWYERSIntroductionThe Statute and Rules of …” „… as their choice of tone during oral hearings at the ECJ.II. Immunity (paragraph 1)2 1. Beneficiaries …” „… broad interpretation, since the immunity maybe waived, if need be (Art. 45 RP ECJ).III. Privileges and …”

Reply and rejoinder S. 544-547

„… v Commission [1995], ECR p. I-467, 473.861 See Art. 190 in conjunction with 133 RP ECJ.Title V …” „… ), 2nd sentence, RP ECJ).III. Time-limits, number of pages, subject-matter (paragraph 2)1. Procedural …” „… ECJ,meaning that a non-compliance with the limit of number of pages set by thePresident is bound to have …”

[Jurisdictions] S. 219-221

„… 08:13:313B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmprovision in the Statute ECJ defines the number of Judges …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1II. Exclusive jurisdiction of the ECJ …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5b) ECJ …”

Responsibilities of the Registrar S. 297-300

„… , while it is within the ECJ’sdiscretion whether or not to appoint one or more Assistant Registrars …” „… a single Article the content of Articles 17, 18, 23 and 68 of the previous RP ECJ,which is indeed in …” „… Registrar does not inany way participate in the judicial activity carried out by the ECJ.IV. Custody of the …”

Commencement of the term of office of Judges and Advocates General S. 283-284

„… describe the ECJ’s institutional functioning, i.e.its “internal life”. Many of these rules leave no …” „… ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 3208Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck …” „… respective Chamber, in order to familiarize himself withthe legal culture at the ECJ.II. Commencement of the …”

Taking of the oath S. 284-285

„… himself withthe legal culture at the ECJ.II. Commencement of the term of office2Art. 3 takes account of …” „… undertaking, but refersto Art. 4 Statute ECJ.II. Code of conduct2 A Code of conduct is also applicable to …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:553 …”

Evidence produced or offered S. 459-460

„… ECJ.III. Rights of defence (paragraph 2)9 This provision safeguards the rights of defence of the other …” „… ) of the old RP ECJ, but546 Art. 120 (e) RP ECJ.547 Art. 124 (1) (d) RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:523 …”

Stay of proceedings S. 346-349

„… place on the ECJ’s own motion, given the noncontentious nature of these proceedings. This may be the …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:153 …” „… proceedings for apreliminary ruling a national Court or Tribunal refers an additional question to theECJ in …”

New pleas in law S. 456-459

„… to that plea.525 Art. 124 RP ECJ.526 By contrast to Art. 124 (3) RP ECJ.Title IV. Direct Actions Art …” „… suchissues at any stage of the proceedings, without being bound by Art. 127(1) RP ECJ.III. Rights of defence …” „… ECJ, but546 Art. 120 (e) RP ECJ.547 Art. 124 (1) (d) RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of …”

Interpretation S. 510-513

„… time-limitremains an open issue concerning e.g. applications for taxation of costs (Art. 145RP ECJ).III. Application …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:103 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11I. Purpose (paragraph 1)1This provision implements Art. 43 Statute ECJ and has been improved, since …”

Manifestly inadmissible or manifestly unfounded appeal or cross-appeal S. 550-552

„… . 184 RP ECJ,which refers to the general rules regarding costs882.869 Case C-346/90 P, F. v Commission …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:243 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7I. General1This provision is lex specialis to Art. 53 (2) RP ECJ865 and enables the ECJ toreject …”

Conduct of oral proceedings S. 374-377

„… provision in the RP ECJ6 The parties then proceed with their pleadings, which Art. 78 et seq. RP ECJimply …” „… ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 80302 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:243 …”

INTRODUCTION S. 576-584

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191. The ECJ’s website …” „… “General Court3” (hereafter:GC), was created in 1988 in order to reduce the ECJ’s workload. Rather …” „… seq. RP ECJ.5 Art. 256 (1) TFEU and Art. 51 (1) lit. a), 1st-3rd indent Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure …”

Assignment of cases to formations of the Court S. 357-359

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:193 …” „… ofproceedings at the ECJ indicates that the Judge-Rapporteur normally has severalmonths in order to draft his …” „… of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 60282Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d …”

Delivery of the Opinion of the Advocate General S. 380-382

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:263 …” „… admittedly rare occasions.V. Oral rejoinder and reply1. No explicit provision in the RP ECJ9At the end of the …” „… question time, and even though there is no explicit provisionon this in the RP ECJ, the parties are given …”

Application to set aside S. 506-508

„… the defendant with the opportunity to react to the reply.699 Art. 45 (2) Statute ECJ.Rules of …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:093 …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmthan e.g. a clerical mistake (see Art. 154 RP ECJ), where …”

Designation of the Advocate General S. 293-294

„… [2012] (not yetpublished in the ECR).40 Art. 113 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ …” „… also illustrated by the decline of the average duration ofproceedings at the ECJ.II. Status2An …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:573 …”

Designation of the Judge-Rapporteur and of the Advocate General S. 566-567

„… contrast to what was provided inArt. 108 (3) of the previous RP ECJ.TITLE VIIIPARTICULAR FORMS OF …” „… Agreement (Art. 204 RP ECJ), the TEU (Art. 205) and theTFEU (see the new Art. 206 RP ECJ).Article 201 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:293 …”

Calendar of the Court’s judicial business S. 302-304

„… ECJ’s Registry is open throughout the year to accept applications and otherwritten submissions. This …” „… (paragraph 6)7Since the dates of the judicial vacations are no longer laid down in the RP ECJ,and may thus …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:003 …”

Implementing rules S. 573-574

„… ECJ.That said, incorporating such additional legislation into the RP ECJ seems advisable, as is the case …” „… the Statute ECJ)defines most of the important parameters of the procedural rules governing thelegal …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:313 …”

Opening of the oral part of the procedure after the inquiry S. 371-372

„… difficult to prove. In any event,the ECJ’s cashier determines such losses and the expert’s fees, which is …” „… thesubmission of the application/order of referral/appeal and the ECJ’s decision.164 Art. 53 (2) RP ECJ and p …” „… . 181 and 182 RP ECJ.Title II. Common Procedural Provisions Art. 75 RP ECJ297 …”

b [No suspensory effect] S. 255-257

„… Statute ECJ, whether the First Advocate General’s proposal and/or the ECJ’s decision to accept said …” „… back to the GC, which is then bound by the ECJ’s views as expressed insaid referral.3Alternatively, the …” „… back to theGC, unlike in the case of an appeal (see Art. 62 b (1)).918 Art. 60.1 Statute ECJ.Title IV …”

c [Specialised courts] S. 257-259

„… problematic, as one Judge of the CST has been ill and thus absentoutside of the ECJ-Member State enforcement …” „… President of the ECJ has seriously consideredcreating a specialised Court, more specifically an Intellectual …” „… 919 Everling, EuR 2003, Sonderband I, p 20.920 Annex 1 Art. 1 Statute ECJ.921 See Art. 220.2 TEC.922 …”

Parties to the main proceedings S. 409-411

„… , but this is not entirely the case, hence theneed for an explicit provision i.e. Art. 97 RP ECJ.Rules …” „… exception from the ECJ’s general rule, a party has no legalobligation to be represented by a lawyer in the …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:363 …”

Translation and service of the request for a preliminary ruling S. 411-413

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:373 …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm2. Seeking information7 Since it is not for the ECJ to have …” „… parties to the main proceedings,let alone of all Member States, the ECJ may, pursuant to paragraph 2, 2nd …”

Unreasonable or vexatious costs S. 477-479

„… alternatives play little role, in particular ever since staff cases are no longerpart of the ECJ’s jurisdiction …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:593 …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmin Art. 141 et seq. RP ECJ apply. Such ruling on costs …”

Preliminary objections and issues S. 496-499

„… led the ECJ to making use of Art. 150 RP ECJ.Article 151 Preliminary objections and issues1. A party …” „… similar to the contents of an application, as defined inArt. 120 RP ECJ.IV. Reply of the other party …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:063 …”

Decision on applications to intervene S. 465-467

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:543 …” „… Statute ECJ, must bedefined in the light of the precise subject-matter of the dispute and be understoodas …” „… , enshrined in Art. 19 Statute ECJ, which also applies to interveners. This iswhy paragraph 4 refers to Art …”

[Contents of a written application] S. 136-139

„… ] ECR II-33, para. 30.282 Art. 120 RP ECJ, Art. 44 RP GC and Art. 35 RP CST.283 Such as the ECJ’s …” „… statute of the ECJ.Article 23 [Referral for preliminary rulings](1) In the cases governed by Art. 267 of …” „… extremely rare in the case of the ECJ and very rare in the case ofthe GC and the CST.b) Communication with …”

Participation in preliminary ruling proceedings S. 408-409

„… or Tribunal in the main proceedings, i.e.prior to referring its questions to the ECJ.III. Anonymity …” „… urgent preliminaryrulings procedures (Art. 107 et seq. RP ECJ).Article 96 Participation in preliminary …” „… observations (paragraph 1)1This provision, for which there was so far no equivalent in the RP ECJ,reproduces …”

Order of seniority S. 286-287

„… ECJ).Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 8212 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:553 …” „… ECJ1This provision, which also applies to Advocates-General32, implements Art. 6Statute ECJ33 and has …”

General rules as to allocation of costs S. 476-477

„… See Art. 184 RP ECJ.592 See Art. 102 RP ECJ.Title IV. Direct Actions Art. 138 RP ECJ401Reemers …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:583 …” „… Art. 146 RP ECJ.3. Judicial costs3Unlike many national legal systems the ECJ does not, in principle …”

Failure to adjudicate S. 505-506

„… procedure a continuation or ratherepilogue of proceedings.696 See Art. 154 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:093 …” „… admissibility and on the substance ofthe application.I. General1 Proceedings in which the ECJ omitted to address …”

Cross-appeal S. 547-548

„… rejoinder should be limited to the same aspects(see Art. 175 (2), 2nd sentence, RP ECJ).III. Time-limits …” „… been “lifted up” to the level of the RP ECJ,meaning that a non-compliance with the limit of number of …” „… document separate from theresponse.862 See Art. 56 (1) Statute ECJ.863 See Art. 172 RP ECJ.Rules of …”

Costs in appeals S. 553-554

„… direct actions, subject to the special provisions in paragraphs 2 to 4of Art. 184 RP ECJ.III. Final …” „… own costs (see Art. 140 (1) RP ECJ).V. Appeal not brought by intervener (paragraph 4)6Interveners at …” „… participated in the written or oral part of theproceedings before the ECJ.Article 185 Legal aid1. A party who …”

Requests under Article 269 TFEU S. 572-573

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Objection to a witness or expert S. 368-370

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Composition of the Grand Chamber S. 304-306

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Language of a case S. 312-314

„… distinguished from the ECJ’s working language, which includes two levels:During an oral hearing, i.e. at an …” „… (2) and 38 RP ECJ.Article 37 Determination of the language of a case1. In direct actions, the …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:033 …”

Legal aid S. 554-556

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Responsibilities of the Vice-President of the Court S. 288-289

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Circumstances in which the Court remains seised S. 414-415

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[Appeal] S. 228-235

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[Annulment and Referring Back] S. 275-276

„… Art. 58 (2) Statute ECJ.Article 12 [No suspensory effect](1) Without prejudice to Articles 278 and 279 …” „… ) Statute ECJ to the CST, while paragraph 2 ofthis provision is equivalent to Art. 59 Statute ECJ.Article 13 …” „… replicates Art. 61 Statute ECJconcerning GC appeals to the ECJ to CST appeals to the GC985.984 Case T-452/09 …”

[Notification of decisions] S. 227-228

„… declines jurisdiction and refers the case directly to the ECJ.Article 55 [Notification of decisions]Final …” „… ECJ.Article 56 [Appeal](1) An appeal may be brought before the Court of Justice, within two monthsof the …” „… an appeal pending at the ECJ relatesto the same issue or raises analogous legal questions. It is …”

Joinder S. 344-346

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[Statement of reasons] S. 174-177

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Measures of organisation prescribed by the Judge-Rapporteur or the Advocate General S. 360-361

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Appeals against decisions of the arbitration committee S. 567-568

„… inArt. 108 (3) of the previous RP ECJ.TITLE VIIIPARTICULAR FORMS OF PROCEDUREIntroductionSince the new …” „… . 204 RP ECJ), the TEU (Art. 205) and theTFEU (see the new Art. 206 RP ECJ).Article 201 Appeals against …” „… wording in the chapter “Extracts from Treaties”contained in the ECJ’s website.Title VIII. Particular Forms …”

[Representing the parties at Court] S. 120-130

„… proceedings, i.e. not an “adviser” within the meaning of Art. 19 Statute ECJ.Title III. Procedure Art. 19 Stat …” „… . 14.212 Art. 97 (3) RP ECJ.Statute of the Court of Justice of the EUStat Art. 1950Reemers Publishing …” „… assistance as theclient needs. The Statute ECJ’s definition of a lawyer thus reflects the legal …”

[Deprivation of office] S. 96-100

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Determination of the language of a case S. 314-317

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Order for suspension of operation or for interim measures S. 526-528

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[Staff of the GC] S. 221-222

„… theexception of Arts. 22 and 23 Statute ECJ.Title IV. General Court Art. 53 Stat147 …” „… 08:13:323B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm6 b) ECJ. aa) Rule. The ECJ has jurisdiction759 for all …” „… ) and b) Statute ECJ), unless one of the exceptions providedfor in litera a) applies. Should such an …”

Participation in measures of inquiry S. 363-364

„… interested persons within themeaning of Art. 23 Statute ECJ.IV. Measures of inquiry (paragraph 3)1 …” „… ECJ’s current jurisdiction (essentially referrals for preliminary151 See Annual ECJ report 2011, p.11 …” „… ] (compared with 50 % in 2010)” (inaccordance with Art 20 RP ECJ).Title II. Common Procedural Provisions Art …”

Annexes to the application S. 450-451

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Reply and rejoinder on a cross-appeal S. 549-550

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Election of the President and of the Vice-President of the Court S. 287-288

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Form of order sought, pleas in law and arguments of the cross-appeal S. 548-549

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Effect on a cross-appeal of the discontinuance or manifest inadmissibility of the appeal S. 552-553

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[Chambers] S. 106-110

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Language service of the Court S. 321-322

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Publication in the Official Journal of the European Union S. 390-391

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Expert’s report S. 366-368

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Reply and rejoinder S. 454-456

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Application to intervene S. 463-465

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Supplementary rules S. 573

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Assistant Rapporteurs S. 294-295

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Delivery and service of the judgment S. 388-389

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Review of decisions given on appeal S. 561-563

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Appointment of the Registrar S. 295-297

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Submission of statements S. 467-469

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[Provisions applicable to the GC] S. 222-223

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Extension on account of distance S. 337-338

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Measures of organisation prescribed by the Court S. 359-360

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Minutes of hearings S. 385-386

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Reply by reasoned order S. 413-414

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Form of order sought, pleas in law and arguments of the appeal S. 539-540

„… application in an action for annulment (seeArt. 120 RP ECJ).Article 169 Form of order sought, pleas in law and …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:213 …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmwhich now became Art. 168 (1) RP ECJ), could not be cured …”

Information and communication of decisions which may be reviewed S. 560-561

„… beenreplaced by a simplified set of provisions (Art. 191 to 195 RP ECJ).Article 191 Reviewing ChamberA Chamber …” „… ) enables the ECJ’s First Advocate General to more easilydetermine whether a given judgement or order, as …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:283 …”

Written part of the urgent procedure S. 431-433

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Form of order sought in the event that the appeal is allowed S. 540-542

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[Costs] S. 966-969

„… of appealsagainst decisions of the CST is, to date, in line with the case-law of the ECJ.Consequently …” „… of Article 167 to 190 RP ECJ.Article 136a [Language of the proceedings]Without prejudice to the …” „… procedure includes Arts. 9 to 13 ofAnnex I of the Statute ECJ, which are essentially identical to the rules …”

Hearing S. 567

„… inArt. 108 (3) of the previous RP ECJ.TITLE VIIIPARTICULAR FORMS OF PROCEDUREIntroductionSince the new …” „… . 204 RP ECJ), the TEU (Art. 205) and theTFEU (see the new Art. 206 RP ECJ).Article 201 Appeals against …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:303 …”

Time-limit for delivering the Opinion S. 567

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Delivery of the Opinion S. 567

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Use of the language of the case S. 317-320

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Designation of the Judge-Rapporteur S. 292-293

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Oral testimony S. 364-365

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Content of an order S. 389-390

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Decision as to costs S. 475-476

„… ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 136400Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck …” „… guidance of Counsel”.591 See Art. 184 RP ECJ.592 See Art. 102 RP ECJ.Title IV. Direct Actions Art. 138 RP …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:583 …”

[Appeal well founded] S. 250-252

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4II. The decision of the ECJ is binding (paragraph 2 …” „… infringed EU law doesnot, as such, automatically result in an appeal being well founded.b) Case law2 The ECJ …” „… refers the case back to the first instance in question.The ECJ may also render judgment on parts of …”

Transmission of procedural documents S. 425

„… procedure to gaintime wherever possible, i.e. not only by arranging the ECJ’s calendar accordingly,but also …” „… preliminaryruling procedure (Art. 107 et seq. RP ECJ), which has resulted in Art. 106 RP ECJ,to which Art. 114 RP …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:413 …”

[Administrative support] S. 102-103

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Proceedings against a measure adopted by an institution S. 336-337

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[Immunity] S. 88-91

„… conflict of interest).70 Art. 6 Statute ECJ.Title I. Judges and Advocates General Art. 3 Stat13Reemers …” „… against possible deprivation of office, seeArt. 6 and Art. 47 (2) Statute ECJ.Statute of the Court of …” „… or not. It would seem that the ECJ’sdiscretionary power is rather limited, since in order to preserve …”

Amicable settlement S. 493-494

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Costs in the event of discontinuance or withdrawal S. 479-481

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Definitions S. 282-283

„… GENERALIntroduction1 The provisions in Title 123 mainly describe the ECJ’s institutional functioning, i.e.its …” „… to 42 RP ECJ.24 Art. 36 RP ECJ.25 Art. 43 to 47 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:543 …”

Depriving a Judge or Advocate General of his office S. 286

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Service of the application S. 451

„… provision takes account of the ECJ’s jurisdiction for applications based onArt. 273 TFEU concerning special …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:503 …” „… applies to an application, since there is no equivalentstatement in Art. 124 RP ECJ concerning the …”

[Secrecy of deliberations] S. 173-174

„… document, which thus cannot be accessed by theparties. On the ECJ’s website the dates for the hearings are …” „… Arts. 107 et seq. RP ECJ.492 Art. 10 Statute ECJ.Statute of the Court of Justice of the EUStat Art …” „… directly or indirectly, with487 Arts. 160 et seq. RP ECJ, Art. 104 et seq. RP GC and Art. 102 et seq. RP …”

Written part of the procedure S. 473-474

„… abearing on both the written (Art. 134 RP ECJ) and the oral part of the procedure(Art. 135 RP ECJ).II …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:573 …” „… seq. RP ECJ). That said, the parties needto be heard, which does not imply though that they have the …”

[Appeal limited to points of law] S. 237-248

„… . This,however, is not confirmed by the statistical figures of the ECJ817.IV. Procedural rules (paragraph 4)6 Art …” „… . 39 Statute ECJ, to which paragraph 3 refers, differs from the normalprocedural rules laid down in the …” „… Statute, as it gives primary adjudicative power tothe President of the ECJ rather than to a collegial body …”

Waiver of immunity S. 326-327

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:083 …” „… are instead designed to facilitate contentious proceedings, as is alsoclear from Art. 10 Statute ECJ …” „… , diplomats, members of the Europeanpublic service, etc.II. Waiver of immunity (paragraph 2)2The ECJ may waive …”

Length of procedural documents S. 355-356

„… observations has an obviousbearing on the ECJ’s workload and thus also on the average duration of …” „… . 44 (1) RP ECJ.Title II. Common Procedural Provisions Art. 59 RP ECJ281 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:183 …”

Content of a judgment S. 387-388

„… accordancewith Art. 158 RP ECJ.Article 88 Delivery and service of the judgment1. The judgment shall be delivered …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:293 …” „… ECJ Art. 87312Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from …”

Absolute bar to proceeding with a case S. 495-496

„… comment on costs. The ECJ will then decide on the basis ofArticle 143 RP ECJ.Article 149 Cases that do not …” „… ECJ.Article 151 Preliminary objections and issues1. A party applying to the Court for a decision on a …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:053 …”

Withdrawal of legal aid S. 557-558

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:273 …” „… ECJ Art. 189482Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from …” „… asspecific provisions889. Since Art. 190 RP ECJ is an important part of the legalframework applicable to …”

[Revocation] S. 587-589

„… , after he has ceased to holdoffice, of certain appointments and benefits.I. General1 At the ECJ the …” „… is the same for all EU courts – not beforethe GC, but before the ECJ. Such details illustrate the …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3b) ECJ …”

Formation of the Court S. 433-434

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:433 …” „… in terms of days or weeks, but clearly requires a higherdegree of urgency than Art. 107(2) RP ECJ …” „… . This most probably implies that an oralhearing takes place as soon as possible and that the ECJ is not …”

Information relating to service S. 449-450

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:493 …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmd) Unlimited jurisdiction27 In proceedings in which the ECJ …” „… ECJ to deliverthe written submissions and documents of the ECJ to the parties concerned and511 …”

Methods of service S. 331-333

„… altogether.CHAPTER 3TIME-LIMITSIntroductionPursuant to the ECJ’s case law, the principle that every person has a …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:103 …” „… may do so.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 48256Reemers Publishing Services …”

INTRODUCTORY PROVISIONS S. 276

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:523 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1II. Jurisdiction of the ECJ …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51. Rules of Procedure of the ECJ …”

Decision as to urgency S. 430-431

„… preliminary ruling under the urgentprocedure (see Art. 108 RP ECJ).Article 108 Decision as to urgency1. The …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:433 …” „… Pursuant to Art. 107 (1) RP ECJ, an urgent preliminary ruling procedure may bethe result of a request by …”

[Rules of Procedure] S. 259-260

„… important to the ECJ’s functioning and to the EU in general that any changein these considerations requires …” „… 929 and the Statute ECJ as well as inthe Rules of Procedure of the ECJ and the GC which implement or …” „… time-limits pertaining to extra-contractual liability932are exclusively discussed in the Statute ECJ.3 …”

Designation of the First Advocate General S. 291-292

„… for in Art. 62 Statute ECJ.Title I. Organisation of the Court Art. 15 RP ECJ217 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:573 …” „… (1) RP ECJ and takesaccount of the Vice-President.Article 13 Where the President and Vice-President …”

Languages of the publications of the Court S. 320-321

„… the ECR, but available onthe ECJ’s website, where they are published in the language of the …” „… ispublished on the ECJ’s website.4. Opinions5 Opinions of the Advocate-Generals are not always immediately …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:063 …”

Discontinuance S. 494-495

„… on the basis ofArticle 143 RP ECJ.Article 149 Cases that do not proceed to judgmentIf the Court …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:053 …” „… reference to Art. 141 RP ECJ that the applicant mustwithdraw the entire application. Art. 148 RP ECJ does …”

Application pursuant to Article 81 TEAEC S. 529-530

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:173 …” „… this provision, while Art. 163 RP ECJ applies to allparties.Article 165 Applications pursuant to …” „… anenforcement of judgments of the ECJ or of measures of other institutions remainsrare.Article 166 Application …”

Third-party proceedings S. 508-510

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:103 …” „… I. General1This provision, which implements and complements 42 Statute ECJ, enables anythird party …” „… acronym “TO” (“tierce opposition”).Title IV. Direct Actions Art. 157 RP ECJ433Reemers Publishing Services …”

Purport of these Rules S. 283

„… describe the ECJ’s institutional functioning, i.e.its “internal life”. Many of these rules leave no …” „… ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 3208 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:543 …”

Costs of proceedings S. 481-482

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Written part of the procedure S. 565-566

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:293 …” „… ) RP ECJ) and assigning the review to an Advocate-General, i.e. not to himself, a measure likely to …” „… for costs in a review, theinterested parties referred to in Art. 23 Statute ECJ and the parties to the …”

[Coming into force] S. 978-980

„… 5 et seq. seeRepresentation of partiesAdvocate General see also Judges– Delivery of opinion RP ECJ …” „… 82 2– Designation RP ECJ 16– First Advocate General RP ECJ 14see First Advocate General– General …” „… Court Stat 49 1 et seq., RPGC 2 1 et seq., 17 et seq.– Involvement Stat 20 24 et seq.– Opinions RP ECJ …”

Reviewing Chamber S. 560

„… beenreplaced by a simplified set of provisions (Art. 191 to 195 RP ECJ).Article 191 Reviewing ChamberA Chamber …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:283 …” „… . 62 to 62 b of the Statute ECJ, is not a classical legal remedy, since it is not inthe hands of the …”

Responsibilities of the President of the Court S. 288

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:563 …” „… State, the internal division ofjudicial functions and tasks is left to the ECJ, starting with the …” „… President, who iselected by the Judges, unless determined by the RP ECJ. Apart from the usualobjective …”

[Oath of the Registrar] S. 101-102

„… with Art. 3 RP ECJ.Statute of the Court of Justice of the EUStat Art. 1026Reemers Publishing Services …” „… ECJ.Title II. Organisation of the Court of Justice Art. 12 Stat27 …” „… taken by the Registrars of the ECJ, the GC, and the CST106. Reflectingthe similarity in the legal status …”

[Case list] S. 172-173

„… Instructions to the Registrar of the ECJ.Title III. Procedure Art. 34 Stat97Reemers Publishing Services …” „… theparties. On the ECJ’s website the dates for the hearings are published approximatelytwo to three weeks in …” „… provide such rules.490 Arts. 105–106 RP ECJ.491 Arts. 107 et seq. RP ECJ.492 Art. 10 Statute ECJ.Statute …”

[Chambers, full Court, single Judge and Grand Chamber] S. 218-219

„… , www.curia.europa.eu.756 Art. 16 (2) Statute ECJ.Title IV. General Court Art. 50 Stat143Reemers Publishing Services …” „… hasjurisdiction, by contrast to proceedings at the ECJ, which are predominantely andoften excusively about legal …” „… . General1This provision is similar to Art. 16 Statute ECJ. Creating chambers of differentsizes comprised of …”

[Staying the proceedings] S. 776-779

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41. Art. 54 (3) Statute ECJ (lit. a …” „… parties suffices.II. Cases4 1. Art. 54 (3) Statute ECJ (lit. a). a) Main proceedings. aa) No matter which …” „… legalremedy. The question of whether it is appropriate to stay a case typically arises1020whenever the ECJ and …”

[Term in office] S. 94-96

„… sanctions, unlike Art. 6 Statute ECJ,which governs the conditions of the deprivation of office and therefore …” „… interest).79 Art. 47 (2) Statute ECJ.80 Art. 5 of the Annex I of the Statute ECJ.Title I. Judges and …” „… the Statute ECJ78.Even though the judicial term of office is rather short as compared to their …”

Procedure provided for by Article 111(3) of the EEA Agreement S. 569-571

„… parties may refer the matter to the ECJ.II. Procedure2This procedure includes elements of the classical …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:303 …” „… (2) RP ECJ) and inparticular because the ECJ must give its decisions “promptly”.Article 203 …”

Composition of the Chambers of five and of three Judges S. 306-307

„… the Chamber which has referred the case back.1 It is entirely within the ECJ’s discretion to determine …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:013 …” „… OfficialJournal of the European Union.This provision, like that found in Art 27 RP ECJ, is rather complex and …”

Examination of witnesses S. 365-366

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:213 …” „… proof of the party concerned, who must enable the ECJ to accuratelydefine the contents of the order.IV …” „… . Order of the ECJ (paragraph 3)4 Paragraph 3 is the corollary of paragraph 2.V. Providing security …”

New application S. 528-529

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:173 …” „… may lodgesuch an application. By contrast, Art. 164 RP ECJ lays down the conditions for anew …” „… also includes e.g. amended legal provisions. In some of itsorders, the ECJ explicitly refers to the …”

Signature and service of the order S. 390

„… this notice ispublished well after the judgment or order becomes available on the ECJ’s website itstill …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:293 …” „… were judgments. Amongstthe various “essentialias”, the ECJ needs to indicate “the legal basis of the …”

Binding nature of judgments and orders S. 390

„… this notice ispublished well after the judgment or order becomes available on the ECJ’s website itstill …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:293 …” „… were judgments. Amongstthe various “essentialias”, the ECJ needs to indicate “the legal basis of the …”

[Exclusion of other occupation] S. 91-94

„… See Art. 8 Statute ECJ.Statute of the Court of Justice of the EUStat Art. 416Reemers Publishing …” „… , paragraph 4 does not provide for any sanctions, unlike Art. 6 Statute ECJ,which governs the conditions of …” „… Annex I of the Statute ECJ.Title I. Judges and Advocates General Art. 5 Stat19 …”

[Appeals limited to points of law] S. 273-275

„… . 56 (2) Statute ECJ.Article 10 [Expedited proceedings](1) Any person whose application to intervene …” „… essentially identical to Art. 57 Statute ECJ.Article 11 [Appeals limited to points of law](1) An appeal to the …” „… appeals concerning costs984 and orders on taxation of costsechoes Art. 58 (2) Statute ECJ.Article 12 [No …”

Quorum of the Chambers of five and of three Judges S. 311-312

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:033 …” „… Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 35236Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck …” „… /978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:033B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmCHAPTER 8 …”

Status of the parties’ representatives S. 325-326

„… immunity maybe waived, if need be (Art. 45 RP ECJ).III. Privileges and facilities (paragraph 2)11 In …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:083 …” „… Registrar anyway.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 44250Reemers Publishing Services …”

Oral part of the procedure S. 474-475

„… procedure(Art. 135 RP ECJ).II. Length and number of written submissions (paragraph 1)1. Application and …” „… ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 136400 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:583 …”

[Costs] S. 177-179

„… version of the judgment is made available outside the Courtroomand is published on the ECJ’s webpage505.2 …” „… Court Report.3. Decisions and measures3 The ECJ’s website is now even more user-friendly, since even …” „… likely to increase further both due to future enlargement and to the ECJ’scurrent proposal to increase …”

[Judges and Advocates-General] S. 584-586

„… own, nor may “borrow” them from the ECJ.It may, however43 bestow the function of Advocate-General upon …” „… .44 Art. 49 (4) Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the General Court of the EURP GC Art. 2510Reemers …” „… appointed by the Council, see Art. 3 of the Annex of the Statute ECJ.Title I. Organisation of the General …”

[Time-limits] S. 945-947

„… ) Statute ECJ),provided that within this time-limit the applicant proves that the conditions for arevision …” „… laid down in Art. 44 Statute ECJ.II. Contents of the application (paragraph 1)3 The application not …” „… third-party proceedings brought before the GCcoinciding with an appeal to the ECJ regarding the very same …”

[Time bar in case of non-contractual liability] S. 212-216

„… , 265/80, 267/80 and 5/81, Birra Wu¨hrer [1982] ECR 85, para.107.728 Art. 151 RP ECJ, Art. 114 RP GC and …” „… as the start date of the five-year limitation period within the meaning ofArt. 46 Statute ECJ740.734 …” „… the request submitted to theinstitution is followed by an application to the ECJ within the …”

Date of delivery of a judgment S. 386-387

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:283 …” „… previous RP ECJ did not contain any rules on the access to the soundtrack ofthe hearing, which was a lack …” „… the end of the oral hearing or the closure of the oral part of the proceedingsthe ECJ never indicates …”

Judgment on the substance of the case after a decision to review S. 564-565

„… requires an amendment of the Statute ECJ.Article 195 Judgment on the substance of the case after a decision …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:293 …” „… RP ECJ, remainstheoretical for as long as the areas in which the GC is to have jurisdiction to …”

Competent formation of the Court S. 502

„… decision at issue, except for the revisionwithin the meaning of Art. 159 RP ECJ.Article 154 Rectification1 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:083 …” „… 1This provision is new and precedes the various requests and applications (seeArt. 154 to 159 RP ECJ …”

Content of the cross-appeal S. 548

„… RP ECJ.Article 177 Content of the cross-appeal1. A cross-appeal shall contain:(a) the name and …” „… defined,on the basis of the content of an appeal as laid down in Art. 168 RP ECJ.Article 178 Form of order …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:243 …”

[Assistant Rapporteurs] S. 103-104

„… deliberations. As this can be a lengthy process, and as the ECJ’s case load is rather large, anAssistant …” „… fashion.116 See Art. 47 Statute ECJ.Statute of the Court of Justice of the EUStat Art. 1328Reemers …” „… also Art. 47 (1) Statute ECJ and Art. 5 (1) of annex I Statute ECJ.Title II. Organisation of the Court …”

Keeping of the register S. 300-301

„… mm“having an interest” in a case who may therefore “consult the register” (see Art. 22RP ECJ).II …” „… , paras. 64 et seq.51 See Art. 40 Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 22226 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:003 …”

Where a member of the formation of the Court is prevented from acting S. 307-308

„… the Chamber which has referred the case back.1 It is entirely within the ECJ’s discretion to determine …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:023 …” „… judges.Unlike Art. 53 RP ECJ, however, Art 29 RP ECJ does not require that these joinedcases have the same …”

[Appointment of Judges] S. 262-264

„… found in the ECJ938, first, because theCST’s specialised nature pleads against it and, secondly, because …” „… Court of Justice and the GC942, and, like the ECJ and the GC, includes thepossibility of a …” „… . 221.1 TEC) regarding the ECJ and Art. 19.2.2 TEU (formerArt. 224.1 TEC) regarding the GC.939 This figure …”

Costs of the preliminary ruling proceedings S. 417

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:383 …” „… the ECJ, the national Judge may employ national law todetermine which party bears the judicial and …” „… within themeaning of Art. 154 RP ECJ, enables the ECJ to correct typing383, computing- andother obvious …”

[Appeal] S. 271-273

„… same rules as paragraph 1 of Art. 56 of the Statute ECJ,both concerning the decisions at first instance …” „… 2)4 Paragraph 2 is identical to Art. 56 (2) Statute ECJ.Article 10 [Expedited proceedings](1) Any …” „… with paragraphs 1 and 2.This provision is essentially identical to Art. 57 Statute ECJ.Article 11 …”

Procedure for payment S. 492-493

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:043 …” „… the acronym “DEP” (de´pens).Title IV. Direct Actions Art. 146 RP ECJ417Reemers Publishing Services …” „… GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:053B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00 …”

[Administrative support] S. 611-612

„… Registrar.134 Art. 33 (7) RP GC.135 Art. 5 RP GC.136 See also Art. 52 Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the …” „… instances (the ECJ,the GC, and the CST) are all under the umbrella of the institution “the Court ofJustice …” „… ECJ.Title I. Organisation of the General Court Art. 30 RP GC537 …”

[Abbreviated appeal] S. 235-237

„… .816 See Art. 58 (1) Statute ECJ.Title IV. General Court Art. 57 Stat161Reemers Publishing Services …” „… theoryit might make sense to verify whether a given appeal to the ECJ provides asubstantial contribution to …” „… between a tangible reduction of ECJ workload and the safeguard of an appropriatelevel of individual …”

[Formation of Judges] S. 932-934

„… prove alegitimate interest in the outcome of the dispute within the meaning of Article 40(2) Statute ECJ …” „… governthe GC procedure in cases in which the ECJ annuls a GC judgment, and then refersthe case back to the …” „… referring it.The ECJ may give final judgment in a case should the state of the proceedings sopermit, or it …”

Witnesses’ and experts’ costs S. 370-371

„… themeaning of Art. 73 (1) RP ECJ.Article 73 Witnesses’ and experts’ costs1. Where the Court orders the …” „… cases in which the expert was ordered bythe ECJ.II. Travel and subsistence expenses2Witnesses and …” „… prove. In any event,the ECJ’s cashier determines such losses and the expert’s fees, which is why there …”

[Assistant Registrars] S. 605-606

„… the ECJ, who takes a specific form of oath114.Article 21 [Assistant Registrars]The General Court may …” „… in his various tasks. To date the GC has appointed oneAssistant Registrar.114 Art. 9 Statute ECJ.115 …” „… temporary representatives takethe same oath as the officials and agents of the ECJ116, which differs …”

[Intervention] S. 181-193

„… those of the ECJ.Article 40 [Intervention](1) Member States and institutions of the Union may intervene …” „… referral for preliminary ruling530 or a legal opinion of the ECJ.III. Bodies, offices, agencies and any …” „… . 56 (3) Statute ECJ they may lodge an appeal with respect to any decision of firstinstance, even if …”

Preliminary report S. 356-357

„… theevolution of the written proceedings, as provided by the old Art. 44 (1) RP ECJ.Title II. Common Procedural …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:183 …” „… that the ECJ will ultimately adopt anabsolute upper limit of pages, thus a ceiling, remains to be seen …”

Service of the appeal S. 542-543

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:223 …” „… the ECJ should refer the case back to theGC, should the appeal be successful. Normally, a judgment or …” „… other party along the same logic as the notification ofan application (see Art. 39 RP ECJ) and is thus …”

Parties authorised to lodge a response S. 543-544

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:223 …” „… the ECJ must speed up the proceedings.848 Case C-390/95 P, Antillean Rice Mills and others v …” „… Schermers, CMLR 1988, p. 541–556.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 172468Reemers …”

Procedure under Article 103 TEAEC S. 568-569

„… “Extracts from Treaties”contained in the ECJ’s website.Title VIII. Particular Forms of Procedure Art. 202 RP …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:303 …” „… ECJ493Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 …”

Decision on measures of inquiry S. 361

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:203 …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmArt. 62 RP ECJ. Measures of procedural organisation are a …” „… the hearing (Art. 62(2) RP ECJ) this provision seeks to contribute to a “useful and interactive …”

Cases heard in camera S. 377

„… Statute ECJ.175 Art. 107 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 80302 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:253 …” „… been specified in paragraph 1, whilst the old Art. 56 (2) RP ECJ remainedsilent on this issue – will …”

Recording of the hearing S. 386

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:283 …” „… previous RP ECJ did not contain any rules on the access to the soundtrack ofthe hearing, which was a lack …” „… the end of the oral hearing or the closure of the oral part of the proceedingsthe ECJ never indicates …”

[Replacement of the Registrar] S. 102

„… ECJ.Title II. Organisation of the Court of Justice Art. 12 Stat27 …” „… authority of the President.Pursuant to Art. 52 Statute ECJ, officials and other personnel attached to the …” „… Justice and the GC113.108 See Art. 32 et seq. RP ECJ.109 See Art. 19 RP ECJ.110 See e.g. Art. 7 RP ECJ.111 …”

[Applicable rules] S. 216

„… the ECJ. These provisionsrefer, with some exceptions, to those applicable to the ECJ, such as Art. 47 …” „… , i.e.Art. 19 to 46, the heart of the Statute ECJ, to GC procedure as well.Article 47 [Applicable rules](1 …” „… . Applicable provisions (paragraph 1)1The Judges of the GC have the same status as the Judges of the ECJ. The …”

Review of preliminary rulings S. 563-564

„… under Art. 267 TFEU have not beendetermined, which requires an amendment of the Statute ECJ.Article 195 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:293 …” „… risk of the unity or consistency of Union law being affected”.4. Informing the parties7 If the ECJ …”

[Order of seniority] S. 589-590

„… 2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmb) ECJ4 A removal requires a unanimous decision of the ECJ …” „… role in theseproceedings54, and not by the ECJ, which is the instance responsible for the actualremoval …” „… of the Court of Justice (Art. 6 Statute ECJ) provides a decision of removalwith a high degree of …”

[Translations] S. 628-631

„… subsequently published in the European Court Report. The decisionspublished on the ECJ’s website do not …” „… the ECJ’s website are almost alwaysavailable in French and the language of the procedure (if it is not …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62. Website of the ECJ …”

Transmission of procedural documents S. 434

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:443 …” „… procedure.CHAPTER 4LEGAL AIDIntroduction1In the previous RP ECJ the provisions governing legal aid were focused on …” „… directactions (see Art. 76 of the previous RP ECJ), whilst in the case of referrals forpreliminary rulings all …”

Response to the cross-appeal S. 549

„… Art. 169 (2), 1st alternative RP ECJ.The pleas in law and arguments must be distinct from those relied …” „… contents of aresponse within the meaning of Art. 173 RP ECJ.Article 180 Reply and rejoinder on a …” „… provision corresponds to Art. 175 RP ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 180474 …”

Manifestly well-founded appeal or cross-appeal S. 552

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:253 …” „… B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm2. Judicial costs7As a rule, the proceedings before the ECJ …” „… are free of charge. Beyond theexceptions provided for in Art. 144 RP ECJ, there is no reason why an …”

[Referral back to GC] S. 932

„… prove alegitimate interest in the outcome of the dispute within the meaning of Article 40(2) Statute ECJ …” „… governthe GC procedure in cases in which the ECJ annuls a GC judgment, and then refersthe case back to the …” „… referring it.The ECJ may give final judgment in a case should the state of the proceedings sopermit, or it …”

[Number of judges] S. 216-217

„… the ECJ. These provisionsrefer, with some exceptions, to those applicable to the ECJ, such as Art. 47 …” „… , i.e.Art. 19 to 46, the heart of the Statute ECJ, to GC procedure as well.Article 47 [Applicable rules](1 …” „… . Applicable provisions (paragraph 1)1The Judges of the GC have the same status as the Judges of the ECJ. The …”

[Advocate General] S. 217-218

„… European Courts ofJustice 2011, www.curia.europa.eu.756 Art. 16 (2) Statute ECJ.Title IV. General Court Art …” „… , similar to the onewhich existed in the early years of the ECJ in which each of the six Member …” „… , similarly to the cases for which the CST hasjurisdiction, by contrast to proceedings at the ECJ, which are …”

[Decision declining jurisdiction] S. 780-781

„… proceedings on the basis of Article 54(3) Statute ECJ.CHAPTER 5JUDGMENTSPreliminaryI. Judgments1 The fifth …” „… provision implements Art. 54 (3) Statute ECJ and is lex specialis to Art. 78RP GC. Art. 54 (3) Statute ECJ …” „… : 160.00mm 240.00mmtaneously being challenged through an action of annulment at the ECJ. This alsooccurs …”

[Instructions to the Registrar] S. 606-608

„… agents of the ECJ116, which differs slightly fromthe wording of the oath taken by the Registrar (the one …” „… also taken by the Judges ofthe ECJ)117.Article 23 [Instructions to the Registrar]Instructions to the …” „… laiddown in the primary law (essentially the chapter re. the ECJ of the EU in the TFEUand the Statute ECJ …”

[Applicable rules of the Statute] S. 267-270

„… procedure common toall instances of the ECJ. Furthermore, applying Chapter III to the CST is logicalsince …” „… the ECJ; in fact, staff cases are only category of caseswhich have been part of all three EU Courts as …” „… size: 160.00mm 240.00mm2Nevertheless, it is worth noting that Arts. 22 and 23 Statute ECJ do not apply …”

Consultation of the register and of judgments and orders S. 301-302

„… the register” (see Art. 22RP ECJ).II. Publication in the OJ of the EU (paragraph 4)2 For each third …” „… Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 22226Reemers Publishing Services …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:003 …”

a [Urgency procedure] S. 254-255

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4I. Urgency procedure (paragraph 1)1Should the ECJ accept the proposal of the First Advocate General …” „… consistency of EU law, it is logical for the ECJ to review the GC’sjudgments as a matter of urgency915. The …” „… procedural details of this procedure havebeen laid down in Art. 191–195 RP ECJ of the Rules of Procedure of …”

Withdrawal of legal aid S. 437-438

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:453 …” „… order shall state thereasons for that refusal.The purpose of the new Art. 116 RP ECJ is to accelerate …” „… ensuring that the decision on the application is to be taken by the smallestformation of the ECJ to which …”

a S. 935-936

„… during an ECJ referral. Thus, anapplication for admission as an intervener lodged for the first time …” „… proceedings on the appeal before the Court ofJustice.If the ECJ sets aside the decision of the GC and gives a …” „… govern the – very rare – cases of the ECJ reviewing a judgmentdelivered by the GC in appeals proceedings …”

[Replacing of Judges] S. 100-101

„… (5) in conjunction with Art. 3 RP ECJ.Statute of the Court of Justice of the EUStat Art. 1026 …” „… judicialactivity would come to a standstill if the term of office of all Judges and Advocates98 Art. 8 Statute ECJ …” „… .99 See Arts. 253 (2) and 254 (2) TFEU.100 Pursuant to Art. 252 (1) TFEU the Judges at the ECJ are …”

[Powers of the President] S. 590-591

„… 2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm1In contrast to Article 7 RP ECJ, this provision refers …” „… same as the one which applies to the ECJ. The Presidentialmandate, i.e. three years, is half as long as …” „… Vice-President. In the case of the ECJ this hasnow changed since Art. 9a Statute ECJ creates the function of a …”

[Handing down of judgments] S. 177

„… version of the judgment is made available outside the Courtroomand is published on the ECJ’s webpage505.2 …” „… Court Report.3. Decisions and measures3 The ECJ’s website is now even more user-friendly, since even …” „… the common legaltraditions of the Member States, as is the case with Art. 36 Statute ECJ. In …”

Authentic texts S. 321

„… published in the ECR, but available onthe ECJ’s website, where they are published in the language of the …” „… ispublished on the ECJ’s website.4. Opinions5 Opinions of the Advocate-Generals are not always immediately …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:073 …”

Setting and extension of time-limits S. 338

„… those parties which areestablished in e.g. Luxemburg or somewhere near the ECJ.Article 52 Setting and …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:123 …” „… time-limits2By contrast, some of the time-limits provided by the RP ECJ may be extendedupon a duly reasoned …”

General meeting S. 304

„… judicial vacations are no longer laid down in the RP ECJ,and may thus vary from one year to another, it is …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:013 …” „… contrary.This provision is similar to the old Art. 27 (7) RP ECJ. It relates to purely internalmatters of the …”

Drawing-up of minutes S. 304

„… judicial vacations are no longer laid down in the RP ECJ,and may thus vary from one year to another, it is …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:013 …” „… contrary.This provision is similar to the old Art. 27 (7) RP ECJ. It relates to purely internalmatters of the …”

[Substitute] S. 606

„… agents of the ECJ116, which differs slightly fromthe wording of the oath taken by the Registrar (the one …” „… also taken by the Judges ofthe ECJ)117.Article 23 [Instructions to the Registrar]Instructions to the …” „… laiddown in the primary law (essentially the chapter re. the ECJ of the EU in the TFEUand the Statute ECJ …”

[Oath] S. 612

„… Courtof Justice.This provision illustrates once again that the various judicial instances (the ECJ,the GC …” „… Art. 12, 17 and 17 a Statute EU Officials.138 Art. 29 RP GC and Art. 18 (5) RP ECJ.Title I …” „… isidentical for staff at the GC and ECJ138. Parties or third persons should thereforeabstain under any …”

[General administration] S. 612

„… Courtof Justice.This provision illustrates once again that the various judicial instances (the ECJ,the GC …” „… Art. 12, 17 and 17 a Statute EU Officials.138 Art. 29 RP GC and Art. 18 (5) RP ECJ.Title I …” „… isidentical for staff at the GC and ECJ138. Parties or third persons should thereforeabstain under any …”

[Judgments] S. 781-784

„… already stayed the proceedings on the basis of Article 54(3) Statute ECJ.CHAPTER 5JUDGMENTSPreliminaryI …” „… publish the report for the hearing onthe ECJ’s website together with the judgment.1038 Joined Cases T …” „… the ECJ. This alsooccurs if the object of the two cases is not the same, as long as both cases aim …”

Election of Presidents of Chambers S. 291

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:573 …” „… (1) RP ECJ and takesaccount of the Vice-President.Article 13 Where the President and Vice-President …” „… seniority laid down in Art. 6 RP ECJ. The Judge selected to serve as anotherJudge’s proxy is thus …”

No title S. 291

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:573 …” „… (1) RP ECJ and takesaccount of the Vice-President.Article 13 Where the President and Vice-President …” „… seniority laid down in Art. 6 RP ECJ. The Judge selected to serve as anotherJudge’s proxy is thus …”

Close of the hearing S. 380

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:263 …” „… admittedly rare occasions.V. Oral rejoinder and reply1. No explicit provision in the RP ECJ9At the end of the …” „… question time, and even though there is no explicit provisionon this in the RP ECJ, the parties are given …”

[No suspensory effect] S. 275

„… Art. 58 (2) Statute ECJ.Article 12 [No suspensory effect](1) Without prejudice to Articles 278 and 279 …” „… ) Statute ECJ to the CST, while paragraph 2 ofthis provision is equivalent to Art. 59 Statute ECJ.Article 13 …” „… replicates Art. 61 Statute ECJconcerning GC appeals to the ECJ to CST appeals to the GC985.984 Case T-452/09 …”

Expert’s oath S. 368

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:223 …” „… deliver his opinion is a matter for theECJ’s discretion and may be extended159.II. Examining the expert’s …” „… report (paragraphs 2 to 4)5While it is within the discretionary power of the ECJ to question the expert …”

[Costs] S. 935

„… during an ECJ referral. Thus, anapplication for admission as an intervener lodged for the first time …” „… proceedings on the appeal before the Court ofJustice.If the ECJ sets aside the decision of the GC and gives a …” „… govern the – very rare – cases of the ECJ reviewing a judgmentdelivered by the GC in appeals proceedings …”

[Oath] S. 85-88

„… conflict of interest).70 Art. 6 Statute ECJ.Title I. Judges and Advocates General Art. 3 Stat13 …” „… institution58, which comprises three judicial instances, i.e. theCourt of Justice (ECJ), the General Court (GC …” „… the Statute and Rules ofProcedure of the ECJ into the pending legislative proposal currently before …”

Publication and entry into force of these Rules S. 574-576

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191. The ECJ’s website …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:323 …” „… May2011 (Official Journal of the European Union, L 162 of 22 June 2011, p. 17).The new RP ECJ came …”

Composition of Chambers where cases are related or referred back S. 307

„… the Chamber which has referred the case back.1 It is entirely within the ECJ’s discretion to determine …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:023 …” „… judges.Unlike Art. 53 RP ECJ, however, Art 29 RP ECJ does not require that these joinedcases have the same …”

Where a President of a Chamber is prevented from acting S. 307

„… the Chamber which has referred the case back.1 It is entirely within the ECJ’s discretion to determine …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:023 …” „… judges.Unlike Art. 53 RP ECJ, however, Art 29 RP ECJ does not require that these joinedcases have the same …”

[Judgment by default] S. 193-195

„… ECJ.Alternatively, the defendant may lodge an appeal, which is, unlike the objection,limited to points of law.IV. No …” „… 64 and 65.609 Art. 152 RP ECJ and Art. 122 RP GC.610 The term “defendant” confirms that a judgment by …” „… -7355.612 European Economic Interest Groups.613 Art. 53 (2) Statute ECJ.614 Art. 151 RP ECJ, Art. 114 RP GC …”

[President and Chambers] S. 264-266

„… paragraph 4, remainbelow those for Judges at the GC947, which in turn are below those for Judges at theECJ …” „… include former membersof the ECJ, which could include former Advocate Generals as well as Judges as wellas …” „… President of the CST, i.e. three years, is of the same durationas the one of the Presidents of the ECJ950 …”

[Periods of grace, unforeseeable circumstances and force majeure] S. 202-212

„… “force majeure” within the meaning of Art. 45 (2) Statute ECJ.This concept704 may, in exceptional …” „… for postal error or delay.656 Arts. 49–52 RP ECJ; Arts. 101 to 103 RP GC and Arts. 100 to 101 RP CST …” „… certainty and avoid any discrimination or arbitrary treatment in theadministration of ECJ justice663. One …”

[Judgment of interpretation] S. 196-198

„… challengedjudgment or order, there is hardly any time for a procedure on the basis of Art. 43Statute ECJ.II. Doubts …” „… Court annuls an act of an institution. Pursuantto Art. 266 TFEU, in order to comply with the ECJ’s …” „… , Gesellschaft fu¨r Getreidehandel [1975] ECR 1599.626 Art. 158 RP ECJ, Art. 84 RP GC and Art. 84 RP CST.627 Art …”

University teachers and parties to the main proceedings S. 330-331

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:103 …” „… the proceedings.5. Costs14Quite apart from the various forms of sanctions that the ECJ may adopt …” „… Art. 47 RP ECJ255Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from …”

[Requirements of residence] S. 104-105

„… Statute ECJ.Title II. Organisation of the Court of Justice Art. 14 Stat29Reemers Publishing Services …” „… of the Court of Justice.117 Thus the implementing provisions in Art. 17 RP ECJ remain, so far at …” „… Studies, Vol 33 No 5, June 2000, pp 593–625.120 See also Art. 47 (1) Statute ECJ and Art. 5 (1) of annex I …”

[Expert opinions] S. 167-168

„… prevent the ECJ to request an expert opinion on a givensubject without adopting a formal measure of …” „… of Auditors [1994] ECR II-365, paras 14 et seq.476 Art. 70 RP ECJ, Art. 70 RP GC and Art. 62 RP …” „… amounts of provisions (Art. 26 to 30 Statute ECJ) regarding the hearing ofwitnesses, which are detailed in …”

[Dates of the sittings] S. 612-613

„… Courtof Justice.This provision illustrates once again that the various judicial instances (the ECJ,the GC …” „… Art. 12, 17 and 17 a Statute EU Officials.138 Art. 29 RP GC and Art. 18 (5) RP ECJ.Title I …” „… isidentical for staff at the GC and ECJ138. Parties or third persons should thereforeabstain under any …”

Decision on the application for legal aid S. 556-557

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:263 …” „… , the other party will be heard on this application for legal aid.Subsequently, the ECJ decides on the …” „… the General Court Art. 187 RP ECJ481Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP …”

Settlement of the disputes referred to in Article 35 TEU in the version in force before the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon S. 571-572

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:313 …” „… interpretation andRules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 205496Reemers Publishing Services …” „… GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:313B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00 …”

[Applicable provisions] S. 934-935

„… , comprised of Art. 104–129 RP GC(“Special forms of procedure”) is not applicable during an ECJ referral. Thus …” „… ofJustice.If the ECJ sets aside the decision of the GC and gives a final ruling it will alsodecide on the costs …” „… CASE REFERRED BACK TO ITPreliminaryArt. 121 a – 121 d govern the – very rare – cases of the ECJ …”

a [Language of the proceedings] S. 969-970

„… 167 to 190 RP ECJ.Article 136a [Language of the proceedings]Without prejudice to the arrangements laid …” „… corresponds to Art. 168 (1) RP ECJ and thus the GC’s case law isin this matter a continuation of the ECJ’s …” „… 2239,3. The substance7 The appellant faces the same challenges as in an appeal to the ECJ, i.e …”

Deputy Registrar S. 297

„… , while it is within the ECJ’sdiscretion whether or not to appoint one or more Assistant Registrars …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:593 …” „… . New title2 The predecessor of this provision, Art. 13 RP ECJ, used the term “AssistantRegistrar …”

Joint hearing S. 374

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:243 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61. No explicit provision in the RP ECJ …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12I. Introduction1Art. 78 to 82 RP ECJ are rather minimalistic since they define only some of …”

Change in circumstances S. 528

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:173 …” „… may lodgesuch an application. By contrast, Art. 164 RP ECJ lays down the conditions for anew …” „… also includes e.g. amended legal provisions. In some of itsorders, the ECJ explicitly refers to the …”

Responsibility of the Registrar concerning language arrangements S. 320

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:063 …” „… inArticle 1 of Council Regulation No 1.1. Publications1“Publications” of the ECJ comprise not only judgments …” „… and a translation into all officiallanguages is published on the website of the ECJ69. Often …”

Witnesses’ oath S. 366

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:213 …” „… . Innovation2The new Art. 69 RP ECJ no longer refers to a solemn affirmation equivalent tothe oath, which is …” „… solemnaffirmation might be due to the fact that the ECJ only very rarely hears witnesses.Article 70 Expert’s report1 …”

Pecuniary penalties S. 366

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:213 …” „… . Innovation2The new Art. 69 RP ECJ no longer refers to a solemn affirmation equivalent tothe oath, which is …” „… solemnaffirmation might be due to the fact that the ECJ only very rarely hears witnesses.Article 70 Expert’s report1 …”

Costs where a case does not proceed to judgment S. 481

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:003 …” „… , proceedings before the ECJ are free of charge, in contrast to thejudicial costs charged by Courts and …” „… longercovered by the jurisdiction of the ECJ but by the GC.3 2. Avoidable costs. a) Current provision. The …”

Decision on the application S. 526

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 22.11.2012 11:48:273 …” „… the ECJ mayhear the parties, if need be. The subsequent order either confirms or amends theprevious …” „… President of the ECJ; no Advocate-General isinvolved in the proceedings. In complex cases, the President …”

Applications pursuant to Articles 280 TFEU and 299 TFEU and Article 164 TEAEC S. 529

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:173 …” „… this provision, while Art. 163 RP ECJ applies to allparties.Article 165 Applications pursuant to …” „… anenforcement of judgments of the ECJ or of measures of other institutions remainsrare.Article 166 Application …”

Content of the response S. 544

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:223 …” „… 121 of these Rules shall apply to responses.This provision is identical to Art. 168 (1) RP ECJ854 …” „… integrate a cross-appeal into his response, since across-appeal must now (see Art. 177 (2) RP ECJ) be …”

Form of order sought in the response S. 544

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:223 …” „… 121 of these Rules shall apply to responses.This provision is identical to Art. 168 (1) RP ECJ854 …” „… integrate a cross-appeal into his response, since across-appeal must now (see Art. 177 (2) RP ECJ) be …”

. REGISTRY S. 295

„… , unlike Judges,or the Council, as is the case with Assistant Rapporteurs (Art. 17 RP ECJ).Rules of …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:21:583 …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8I. Appointment (paragraph 1)1 The Registrar is appointed by the ECJ, i.e. not the Member States …”

Service and information following the close of the written part of the procedure S. 433

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:433 …” „… in terms of days or weeks, but clearly requires a higherdegree of urgency than Art. 107(2) RP ECJ …” „… . This most probably implies that an oralhearing takes place as soon as possible and that the ECJ is not …”

Omission of the written part of the procedure S. 433

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:433 …” „… in terms of days or weeks, but clearly requires a higherdegree of urgency than Art. 107(2) RP ECJ …” „… . This most probably implies that an oralhearing takes place as soon as possible and that the ECJ is not …”

Decision on the substance S. 433

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:433 …” „… in terms of days or weeks, but clearly requires a higherdegree of urgency than Art. 107(2) RP ECJ …” „… . This most probably implies that an oralhearing takes place as soon as possible and that the ECJ is not …”

Transmission of documents S. 454

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:513 …” „… reference to Art. 121 RP ECJ means that the same requirements in terms ofaddress of service etc. apply to …” „… . 124 (1) RP ECJ), the conditions forobtaining an extension are stricter than in the past …”

Cases that do not proceed to judgment S. 495

„… comment on costs. The ECJ will then decide on the basis ofArticle 143 RP ECJ.Article 149 Cases that do not …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:053 …” „… , 813.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 150420 …”

Procedures under Articles 104 TEAEC and 105 TEAEC S. 569

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:303 …” „… (2) RP ECJ) and inparticular because the ECJ must give its decisions “promptly”.Article 203 …” „… on the otherRules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 204494 …”

[Substitute of the President] S. 591

„… thatneither the GC nor the CST have a Vice-President. In the case of the ECJ this hasnow changed since Art. 9a …” „… Statute ECJ creates the function of a Vice-President ofthe ECJ. That said, there is an obvious need for a …” „… the case in theECJ, the CST and Member States, to facilitate voting and avoid a tie.2 2. Number of …”

Decision on the application for legal aid S. 437

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:453 …” „… order shall state thereasons for that refusal.The purpose of the new Art. 116 RP ECJ is to accelerate …” „… ensuring that the decision on the application is to be taken by the smallestformation of the ECJ to which …”

Sums to be advanced as legal aid S. 437

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:453 …” „… order shall state thereasons for that refusal.The purpose of the new Art. 116 RP ECJ is to accelerate …” „… ensuring that the decision on the application is to be taken by the smallestformation of the ECJ to which …”

Costs of interveners S. 479

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:593 …” „… also those of the intervener612, in so far as the latter requests so613. TheECJ may derogate from this …” „… observations on thediscontinuance.609 Art. 40 (2) Statute ECJ.610 Joined Cases 260/85 and 106/86, TEC and …”

[Subsequent procedure] S. 923-932

„… therefore not on the basis of all the documents, like in the proceedings of the ECJ(Art. 129 (4) RP ECJ …” „… only provide their observations at the oral hearing2001.2000 Art. 40 (2) and (3) Statute ECJ.2001 Case …” „… , they may submit a joint intervention2057. Thisprovision, which implements Art. 40 (4) Statute ECJ …”

[Admission as intervener] S. 917-923

„… . 4.1978 Art. 115 (2) lit. f) RP GC, Art. 40 (2) Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the General Court of the …” „… RP GC implement Art. 40 Statute ECJ. These Articles aremandatory and thus not within the discretion …” „… the ECJ, the President of the CST mayinvite natural persons, institutions, or Member States to …”

[Application for revision] S. 198-202

„… Court annuls an act of an institution. Pursuantto Art. 266 TFEU, in order to comply with the ECJ’s …” „… . 33.637 See also Art. 42 Statute ECJ (third party proceedings).638 Thus a revision is excluded with …” „… Parliament [1991] ECR SC I-A-305, 307.641 Art. 159 RP ECJ; Arts. 125 to128 RP GC and Art. 119 RP CST.Statute …”

[EAEC-Treaty] S. 139

„… formerEAEC statute of the ECJ and the EEC statute of the ECJ.Article 23 [Referral for preliminary rulings](1 …” „… observations to the Court.288 Art. 122 (4) RP ECJ, Art. 43 (4) RP GC and Art. 34 (4) RP CST.289 See. e.g. Art …” „… . 127 RP ECJ, Art. 48 (2) RP GC, and Art. 43 (2) RP CST.Statute of the Court of Justice of the EUStat …”

a [Conditions] S. 766-776

„… number of pages of such application, unlike para. 45 of the ECJ’s “PracticeDirections relating to direct …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56. ECJ …” „… applyingfor a decision on admissibility (Art. 114 RP GC)959.6. ECJ6 Art. 133 et seq. RP ECJ provide an …”

[Third-party proceedings] S. 942-945

„… would be followed by the third party’s written submission.2122 Art. 42 Statute ECJ.2123 Case T-35/99 TO …” „… the submission’s substance meets the requirements laid down in Art. 42 Statute ECJ. In particular, he …” „… appeal to the ECJ regarding the very same judgment, the GCshall suspend the third-party application after …”

[Ability to deliberate] S. 110-111

„… , http://curia.europa.eu.133 Art. 47 Statute ECJ.Title II. Organisation of the Court of Justice Art. 17 Stat35Reemers …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. Are the Judges of the ECJ structurally biased …” „… ?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2134 I.e., the votes of the president of the ECJ and other presidents of the chambers carry the …”

[Number of Judges and term in office] S. 261-262

„… one Judge per Member State found in the ECJ938, first, because theCST’s specialised nature pleads …” „… of the Judgesat the Court of Justice and the GC942, and, like the ECJ and the GC, includes …” „… . 19.2.1 TEU (former Art. 221.1 TEC) regarding the ECJ and Art. 19.2.2 TEU (formerArt. 224.1 TEC) regarding …”

[Chambers] S. 591-592

„… thatneither the GC nor the CST have a Vice-President. In the case of the ECJ this hasnow changed since Art. 9a …” „… Statute ECJ creates the function of a Vice-President ofthe ECJ. That said, there is an obvious need for a …” „… the case in theECJ, the CST and Member States, to facilitate voting and avoid a tie.2 2. Number of …”

[Taking the oath] S. 586-587

„… the CST are appointed by the Council, see Art. 3 of the Annex of the Statute ECJ.Title I. Organisation …” „… . 253 (1) TFEU regarding the ECJ and Art. 254 (1) TFEU in the case of the GC. By contrastthe Judges of …” „… benefits.I. General1 At the ECJ the Judges take the oath during the first public sitting, while theJudges at …”

[Public hearing] S. 169-171

„… for the media” and, in particular, the “Guide for journalists”available on the ECJ’s website.481 Art …” „… beforehand.484 Art. 6 Statute ECJ.Statute of the Court of Justice of the EUStat Art. 3296 …” „… . 79 RP ECJ, Art. 57 RP GC and Art. 51 RP CST.482 Art. 37 Statute ECJ.483 Control of identity and metal …”

[Transmitting cases, suspension] S. 270-271

„… in that itdeparted from the standard ECJ cost rules, e.g. those applying to actions forannulment …” „… Statute ECJ. In practice, the need totransmit a case from one jurisdiction to another, as provided by …” „… directly affects them.I. Introduction1 Articles 9 to 13 of Annex I to the Statute ECJ outline the main …”

Repeal S. 574

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:323 …” „… May2011 (Official Journal of the European Union, L 162 of 22 June 2011, p. 17).The new RP ECJ came …” „… first day of the third month following theirpublication.Final Provisions Art. 210 RP ECJ499 …”

[Contents of the application] S. 950-954

„… ECJ.TITLE IVPROCEEDINGS RELATING TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSPreliminary1. Jurisdiction1 The GC’s …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. Art. 129 RP GC complements Art. 43 Statute ECJ …” „… . 129 RP GC complements Art. 43 Statute ECJ2 Art. 129 RP GC merely defines the procedural requirements …”

[Interim proceedings and suspending enforcement] S. 179-181

„… published in the OJEU and on the ECJ’s website.Title III. Procedure Art. 39 Stat105Reemers Publishing …” „… 513. Orders of the GC and the CST may beappealed, unlike those of the ECJ.Article 40 [Intervention](1 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4507 See Arts. 144–145 RP ECJ, Arts. 91–92 RP GC and Arts. 91 to 92 RP CST.508 See B. Wa¨genbaur, EuZW …”

Decision on the substance S. 475

„… ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 136400 …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:583 …”

[Chamber hearing third-party proceedings] S. 945

„… third-party proceedings brought before the GCcoinciding with an appeal to the ECJ regarding the very same …” „… successfulappeal before the ECJ would remove any basis for such application, should theentire judgment at first …” „… Judge.If the ECJ annuls and refers a judgment back to the GC, the President of the GCmay assign that case …”

a [Vice-President] S. 101

„… with Art. 3 RP ECJ.Statute of the Court of Justice of the EUStat Art. 1026 …” „… taken by the Registrars of the ECJ, the GC, and the CST106. Reflectingthe similarity in the legal status …” „… of a Deputy-President.106 Art. 6 (2) of annex I of the statute ECJ.107 Art. 18 (5) in conjunction …”

Minutes of inquiry hearings S. 371

„… difficult to prove. In any event,the ECJ’s cashier determines such losses and the expert’s fees, which is …” „… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:233 …” „… the context of a subsequenthearing.Rules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 75296 …”

[Publication of the case-law] S. 791

„… on the ECJ’swebsite, however, the ECR is, somewhat inevitably, not up to date. That said, anearly …” „… ECJ’s website. Likewise, the CST has published itsjudgments on the website since its founding in 2004 …” „… Court Report (ECR). Since 1993, theGC, like the ECJ, has its own series of ECRs. Unlike the publication …”

[Hearing of witnesses] S. 168

„… ECJ) regarding the hearing ofwitnesses, which are detailed in the various Rules of Procedure, are in …” „… [2006] ECR II-4377, paras 145, 149.478 Art. 24 Statute ECJ.479 Art. 69 RP ECJ and Art. 69 (2) RP GC.480 …”

[Defaulting witnesses] S. 168

„… ECJ) regarding the hearing ofwitnesses, which are detailed in the various Rules of Procedure, are in …” „… [2006] ECR II-4377, paras 145, 149.478 Art. 24 Statute ECJ.479 Art. 69 RP ECJ and Art. 69 (2) RP GC.480 …”

Prior application for legal aid S. 556

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:263 …” „… , the other party will be heard on this application for legal aid.Subsequently, the ECJ decides on the …” „… the General Court Art. 187 RP ECJ481 …”

[New appointments] S. 100

„… judicialactivity would come to a standstill if the term of office of all Judges and Advocates98 Art. 8 Statute ECJ …” „… .99 See Arts. 253 (2) and 254 (2) TFEU.100 Pursuant to Art. 252 (1) TFEU the Judges at the ECJ are …” „… RP ECJ) and thus theirrole’s relative importance has been reduced.103 See Art. 253 (2) TFEU.Title II …”

[Advocates-General] S. 100

„… judicialactivity would come to a standstill if the term of office of all Judges and Advocates98 Art. 8 Statute ECJ …” „… .99 See Arts. 253 (2) and 254 (2) TFEU.100 Pursuant to Art. 252 (1) TFEU the Judges at the ECJ are …” „… RP ECJ) and thus theirrole’s relative importance has been reduced.103 See Art. 253 (2) TFEU.Title II …”

Deferment of the determination of a case S. 349

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:163 …” „… casepending at the ECJ is relevant for the outcome of the case concerned, without bothcases being …” „… be the date and time of lodgement for the purposesRules of Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ …”

[Manifestly inadmissible or unfounded] S. 900-905

„… context of an appeal on points of law.The ECJ’s suspension may in certain instances take place alongside …” „… publishing a notice in the OJ EU1906.3. Appeal21 Such orders may be appealed to the ECJ.Article 112 …” „… for a suspension of the effects of a judgment at firstinstance, as only the ECJ may do this in the …”

[Oath] S. 168-169

„… ECJ) regarding the hearing ofwitnesses, which are detailed in the various Rules of Procedure, are in …” „… [2006] ECR II-4377, paras 145, 149.478 Art. 24 Statute ECJ.479 Art. 69 RP ECJ and Art. 69 (2) RP GC.480 …”

[Powers of the President of a Chamber] S. 601-602

„… This purely internal rule is similar to the one applicable to the ECJ96. ThePresidents of the Chambers …” „… Journalof the EU101 and on the webpage of the ECJ102.III. Powers3 Under the RP the Presidents of the …” „… President of the Chamber.96 Art. 12 RP ECJ.97 As is the case with respect to the Judge-Rapporteur, see Art …”

[Further tasks of the Registrar] S. 610-611

„… Registrar.134 Art. 33 (7) RP GC.135 Art. 5 RP GC.136 See also Art. 52 Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the …” „… 130 described in this provision, which is identical toArt. 20(1) and (2) RP ECJ, are of a purely …” „… thePresident of the General Court.I. General1 The ECJ provides the GC with a number of officials and temporary …”

[Extension of time-limits] S. 871-872

„… distance, which is based onArt. 45 (1) Statute ECJ, was determined according to the party’s place of …” „… months for lodging an application forannulment1660; in the Statute ECJ, e.g. the two months for lodging …” „… anintervener1662, cannot be extended.1660 Art. 263 (6) TFEU.1661 Art. 56 Statute ECJ.1662 Art. 115 (1) RP …”

[Hearing experts, witnesses and parties] S. 171-172

„… hearing. It relates to specific facts, which have been defined beforehand.484 Art. 6 Statute ECJ.Statute …” „… See. e.g. Art. 7 (2) of the Instructions to the Registrar of the ECJ.Title III. Procedure Art. 34 Stat …” „… chronological order in which the casesare lodged.485 Art. 84 RP ECJ, Art. 63 (1) RP GC and Art. 53 RP CST.486 …”

[Third party proceedings] S. 195-196

„… , since it would otherwise not exist in proceedings before the ECJ.Alternatively, the defendant may lodge …” „… ”).618 See also Art. 44 Statute ECJ (application for revision).619 See Art. 157 RP ECJ, Arts. 123 to124 …”

[Criteria of allocation] S. 593-594

„… ) Statute ECJ the assignment of cases is governed by theRP GC. Until 1994, new cases were usually assigned …” „… bene: There is no single Judge at the ECJ.69 In 2011 no cases completed by the GC where heard by a …” „… assigning cases to Chambers” on theweb-site of the ECJ70. It has also decided71 that an appeals chamber will …”

[Electing the President of the Chamber] S. 600-601

„… . General1 This purely internal rule is similar to the one applicable to the ECJ96. ThePresidents of the …” „… Journalof the EU101 and on the webpage of the ECJ102.III. Powers3 Under the RP the Presidents of the …” „… President of the Chamber.96 Art. 12 RP ECJ.97 As is the case with respect to the Judge-Rapporteur, see Art …”

[Supplementing the part on costs] S. 790-791

„… , theGC, like the ECJ, has its own series of ECRs. Unlike the publication on the ECJ’swebsite, however …” „… particularly relevant that the GC has since 1997 publishedits judgments and orders on the ECJ’s website …”

[Administrative support] S. 266-267

„… . 47 of the Statute ECJ concerning confirmation ofGC judges. It highlights the common denominator of …” „… procedure common toall instances of the ECJ. Furthermore, applying Chapter III to the CST is logicalsince …” „… the ECJ; in fact, staff cases are only category of caseswhich have been part of all three EU Courts as …”

a [Notice of appeal] S. 970-971

„… and thus the GC’s case law isin this matter a continuation of the ECJ’s case law. Thus, the comments …” „… of a notice of appeal (paragraph 1)1. Introduction2This provision corresponds to Art. 168 (1) RP ECJ …” „… volume concerning Art. 168 RP ECJ should be taken into accountwhen applying Art. 138 RP GC.3 2. Pleas in …”

[Plenary session, Grand Chamber and Chambers] S. 596-600

„… andJudge-Rapporteur designation, notwithstanding a case of bias (Art. 18 StatuteECJ)78. But parties may request a …” „… the GC (and is also provided for in the RPCST89), but which does not exist at the ECJ. The procedural …” „… (successful) appeals to the ECJ, as thiswould have increased the workload of the latter and thereby called …”

[Appeals procedure] S. 248-249

„… written submissions1The purpose of the Rules of Procedure concerning appeals within the ECJ (andwithin the …” „… circumstances the appeals instance may decide that the case doesnot require an oral hearing899. The ECJ (and the …” „… , shall not have an automatic suspensory effect901.Art. 60 (1) Statute ECJ furthermore echoes the …”

[Immunities, privileges and facilities] S. 631-636

„… of the CST published on the ECJ’s website are almost alwaysavailable in French and the language of …” „… commentsregarding Art. 19 Statute ECJ). In practice, the immunities, privileges, and facilitiesconferred upon agents …” „… Statute ECJ that an Agent (see 1. above)may be assisted by an adviser or a lawyer, meaning an external …”

[Procedural and substantive conditions] S. 841-848

„… application for legal aid must be made using the legal aid application form,which is available on the ECJ’s …” „… ECJ’swebsite provides useful and rather detailed information regarding legal aid, which aclear improvement when …” „… without a lawyer’sassistance, may have difficulties navigating the ECJ’s website.b) Possible solutions6It …”

[Recoverable costs] S. 809-830

„… GC’s and the ECJ’s consistent line of case lawby holding that fees paid by an institution to its …” „… Statute ECJ, i.e. thevery provision of primary law which is at the basis of the ECJ’s and GC’s case law.29 …” „… , 197 et seq.1195 See also the analogous Art. 144 and 145 RP ECJ.1196 Lit. l translation:Expenses of the …”

[Assignment, Judge-Rapporteur] S. 594-596

„… regularly publishes its “Criteria for assigning cases to Chambers” on theweb-site of the ECJ70. It has also …” „… administration of justice. The ECJ andthe CST possess the same implied powers. Objective reasons for reassigning …” „… andJudge-Rapporteur designation, notwithstanding a case of bias (Art. 18 StatuteECJ)78. But parties may request a …”

[Register] S. 608-610

„… ) Statute ECJ) if anapplicant takes account of an erroneous information of a member of the Registry.Title I …” „… provision, which is equivalent to Article 20 RP ECJ, outlines the obligationsand responsibilities of the …” „… ) and (2) RP ECJ, are of a purely administrative nature and are not in anyway judicial activities131 …”

[Measures of organization] S. 739-752

„… ).830 Art. 18 Statute ECJ.Title II. Procedure Art. 64 RP GC669Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck …” „… contrast to the ECJ, which finds little need to employ it given theessentially legal nature of the cases …” „… ECJ [1995] ECR p. II-77, para. 16; Cae T-310/00, MCI v Commission[2004] ECR p. II-3253, para. 22.820 …”

[Further evidence; no new pleas in law] S. 696-704

„… party in his defence.580 See also Art. 127 RP ECJ.581 Case T-87/91, Boessen v ECOSOC [1993] ECR p. II …” „… Commission [1994] ECR p. II-531, para. 40.590 Case T-172/01, M v ECJ [2004] ECR p. II-1075, paras. 40–42.591 …” „… , paras.29–30.594 Case T-547/93, Lopes v ECJ [1996] ECR SC p. II-185, paras. 45 et seq.595 Case T-28/90 …”

[Preliminary pleas not going to the substance] S. 909-917

„… statement of defence? Besides, itwould seem from the CST orders published on the ECJ’s website that in …” „… , but rather produces a referral to the ECJ, provided thelatter has jurisdiction (see Article 114, (4 …” „… substance of the case.2. Referring the case32The GC shall refer the case to the ECJ or, in accordance with …”

[Staff cases] S. 803-805

„… [1997] ECR p. II-1347.1165 Art. 58 (2) Statute ECJ.1166 Joined Cases T-204/97 and T-270/97, EPAC v …” „… factthat the CFI showed remarkable restraint, more than the ECJ when it was the onlyjudicial instance, when …” „… applies in some Member States.6Secondly, pursuant to Art. 19 Statute ECJ, EU institutions, which include …”

[General rules for pleadings] S. 643-659

„… parties to send a procedural document by electronicmeans, i.e. via the ECJ’s website, to the Registry …” „… persons17 The pleadings of all other parties, i.e. natural and legal persons, are translated bythe ECJ’s …” „… . the ECJ.cc) Email33 Sending a document by Email as a pdf may be risky since the party cannotanticipate …”

[Periods of time] S. 860-866

„… 08:42:013B2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmthe ECJ, concerning legal remedies such an action for …” „… Pursuant to Art. 45 (2) Statute ECJ, no right shall be limited due to the expiry ofa time-limit if the …” „… ECJ interprets all three of these conceptsnarrowly (see comments re. Art. 45 (2) Statute ECJ). Apart …”

[Specific procedure] S. 851-854

„… the GC’s discretion.1573 Art. 16 Instructions to the Registrar.1574 See also Art. 56 Statute ECJ.Title …” „… reviewed by the ECJ and the case referred back to the GC, aspertains to the time-limit in Art. 121 c (1) RP …” „… rejection of expedited proceedings). This provisionillustrates that the TFEU and the Statute of the ECJ …”

Location of the sittings of the Court S. 302

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:003 …” „… ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Title I. Organisation of the Court Art. 24 RP ECJ227 …”

[Archives and publications] S. 611

„… Registrar.134 Art. 33 (7) RP GC.135 Art. 5 RP GC.136 See also Art. 52 Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the …” „… thePresident of the General Court.I. General1 The ECJ provides the GC with a number of officials and temporary …”

[Attending the sittings] S. 611

„… Registrar.134 Art. 33 (7) RP GC.135 Art. 5 RP GC.136 See also Art. 52 Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the …” „… thePresident of the General Court.I. General1 The ECJ provides the GC with a number of officials and temporary …”

Number of Judges taking part in the deliberations S. 311

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:033 …” „… Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 35236 …”

Quorum of the Grand Chamber S. 311

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:22:033 …” „… Procedure of the Court of JusticeRP ECJ Art. 35236 …”

Sums to be advanced as legal aid S. 557

„… Reemers Publishing Services GmbHO:/Beck/978-3-406-60325-9/3d/02_RP ECJ.3d from 21.11.2012 08:23:273 …” „… ECJ Art. 189482 …”

[Term in office] S. 586

„… the CST are appointed by the Council, see Art. 3 of the Annex of the Statute ECJ.Title I. Organisation …” „… . 253 (1) TFEU regarding the ECJ and Art. 254 (1) TFEU in the case of the GC. By contrastthe Judges of …”

[Authentic linguistic versions] S. 631

„… of the CST published on the ECJ’s website are almost alwaysavailable in French and the language of …” „… commentsregarding Art. 19 Statute ECJ). In practice, the immunities, privileges, and facilitiesconferred upon agents …”

[Notice of appeal] S. 970

„… and thus the GC’s case law isin this matter a continuation of the ECJ’s case law. Thus, the comments …” „… of a notice of appeal (paragraph 1)1. Introduction2This provision corresponds to Art. 168 (1) RP ECJ …”

[Expedited proceedings] S. 273

„… . 56 (2) Statute ECJ.Article 10 [Expedited proceedings](1) Any person whose application to intervene …” „… essentially identical to Art. 57 Statute ECJ.Article 11 [Appeals limited to points of law](1) An appeal to the …”

[Minutes of the hearing] S. 172

„… Instructions to the Registrar of the ECJ.Title III. Procedure Art. 34 Stat97 …” „… casesare lodged.485 Art. 84 RP ECJ, Art. 63 (1) RP GC and Art. 53 RP CST.486 See. e.g. Art. 7 (2) of the …”

[Election of the President] S. 590

„… 2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mm1In contrast to Article 7 RP ECJ, this provision refers …” „… same as the one which applies to the ECJ. The Presidentialmandate, i.e. three years, is half as long as …”

[Judicial vacations] S. 105-106

„… its business.I. Introduction1 This provision, which is further clarified in Articles 23 to 24 RP ECJ …” „… judicial vacations.There is no interruption or suspension of legal activity at the ECJ whatsoever.III. Oral …”

[Duration of the stay] S. 779-780

„… served on the parties.I. Lex specialis1This provision implements Art. 54 (3) Statute ECJ and is lex …” „… specialis to Art. 78RP GC. Art. 54 (3) Statute ECJ concerns the comparatively rare case of an action …”

[Taxation] S. 830-841

„… available on the ECJ’s website. This website provides the applicant with1484 Case T-460/93 DEP, Teˆte A. O …” „… , which are notmentioned in the Statute ECJ, let alone in the TFEU. Art. 92 RP GC provides fewparameters …” „… compared to the early orders of theECJ, the GC’s reasoning nevertheless remains rather general when it …”

[Contents of an application] S. 659-682

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75a) Art. 19 Statute ECJ …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93I. General1. Minimum requirements1This provision complements Art. 21 Statute ECJ and is further …” „… a subsequent appeal to the ECJ, or indeed to theECHR. It should be kept in mind that ultimately the …”

[Appointment of the Registrar] S. 604-605

„… contrast to the Registrar of the ECJ, who takes a specific form of oath114.Article 21 [Assistant …” „… .114 Art. 9 Statute ECJ.115 Art. 20 RP GC.Rules of Procedure of the General Court of the EURP GC Art …”

[Modalities of payment] S. 854-855

„… the GC’s discretion.1573 Art. 16 Instructions to the Registrar.1574 See also Art. 56 Statute ECJ.Title …” „… rejection of expedited proceedings). This provisionillustrates that the TFEU and the Statute of the ECJ …”

[Suspension of enforcement of judgments or decisions] S. 899-900

„… do this in the context of an appeal on points of law.The ECJ’s suspension may in certain instances …” „… , theseprovisions do not allow for a suspension of the effects of a judgment at firstinstance, as only the ECJ may …”

[Referring an action to the Court of Justice] S. 905-906

„… appealed to the ECJ.Article 112 [Referring an action to the Court of Justice]The decision to refer an …” „… exists e.g.in the context of referrals for preliminary rulings (Art. 99 RP ECJ) and also incertain …”

[Oral procedure] S. 975-976

„… certainparts of a written submission2262; a CST order referring the matter to the ECJ, asprovided by Art. 8 (2 …” „… ) of Annex 1 Statute ECJ2263; or a CST decision to reject anapplication as unfounded without …”

[Sequence of oral hearings] S. 716-722

„… Commission [2005] ECR SC p. II-507.725 For more on force majeure, see the commentary on Art 45(2) Statute ECJ …” „… time-frame3 Neither Art. 55 (1) nor any other provision of the RP or the Statute ECJ providethat the …” „… (3) RP ECJ.732 See e.g. Case T-13/99, Pfizer v Council [2002] ECR p. II-3305, para. 66.733 Art. 76 a …”

[Competence of the Chambers] S. 592-593

„… to Art. 50 (2) Statute ECJ the assignment of cases is governed by theRP GC. Until 1994, new cases …” „… (2) RP GC.68 Nota bene: There is no single Judge at the ECJ.69 In 2011 no cases completed by the GC …”

[Appeal manifestly inadmissible or unfounded] S. 974-975

„… submission2262; a CST order referring the matter to the ECJ, asprovided by Art. 8 (2) of Annex 1 Statute ECJ …”

[No suspensory effect] S. 249-250

„… automatic suspensory effect901.Art. 60 (1) Statute ECJ furthermore echoes the possibility for the appellate …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4II. The decision of the ECJ is binding (paragraph 2 …”

[Judicial vacations] S. 618-620

„… Court of Justice ofthe EU, the rules on judicial vacations are the same for the GC, the ECJ153 and …” „… Art. 24 (2) RP ECJ.154 Art. 28 RP CST.155 Art. 101 (1) lit. e) RP GC.156 Art. 2 Instructions to the …”

[Publication in the OJ] S. 866-871

„… distance, which is based onArt. 45 (1) Statute ECJ, was determined according to the party’s place of …” „… months for lodging an application forannulment1660; in the Statute ECJ, e.g. the two months for lodging …” „… anintervener1662, cannot be extended.1660 Art. 263 (6) TFEU.1661 Art. 56 Statute ECJ.1662 Art. 115 (1) RP …”

[Substantive criteria] S. 872-890

„… relevant provisions include:* Art. 278 and 279 TFEU1668,* Art. 39 Statute ECJ,* Art. 1041669 to 109 RP GC …” „… interim proceedings to any appeal which may bebrought before the ECJ. Only the ECJ has jurisdiction to …” „… of the ECJ and the RP GC do notcontain any specific provision under which the GC may stay proceedings …”

[Deliberations] S. 613-616

„… ., nominated Advocate-General142 or Judge at the ECJ, or if histerm expires143, or if he passes away144. Should …” „… seq.RP ECJ.141 Case T-232/95, Cecom v Council [1998] ECR p. II-2679, 2685.142 Case T-232/95, Cecom v …”

[Allocation of costs] S. 791-803

„… on the ECJ’swebsite, however, the ECR is, somewhat inevitably, not up to date. That said, anearly …” „… ECJ’s website. Likewise, the CST has published itsjudgments on the website since its founding in 2004 …” „… Court Report (ECR). Since 1993, theGC, like the ECJ, has its own series of ECRs. Unlike the publication …”

[Relevant documents] S. 848-851

„… imperatively be made using the form foundon the ECJ’s website. Applications made using any other method will …” „… not apply for a preliminary ruling by the ECJ1536, or seek legalaid for proceedings before a Court or …”

[Judicial costs] S. 806-809

„… available on the ECJ’s website, include animpressive number of decisions rejecting applications as …” „… anunnecessary workload at the ECJ, which only exacerbates the problem.6These cases are not only recurrent, but …”

[Questions] S. 724-733

„… well as thearguments of the parties747. Pursuant to the former Art. 20 (4) ECJ Statute, thisreport …” „… comments. Thus,Art. 20 (4) Statute ECJ has been recently amended accordingly.bb) Agenda6The report for the …” „… ) Number and contents of questions. aa) Number. By contrast to the ECJ, the GCand the CST pose a number …”

[Exclusion of the proceedings] S. 637-643

„… notification of Agent’s potential badconduct is now explicitly provided by the new Art. 46 RP ECJ.cc) Parties?3 …” „… professor has a right of audience before the GC in accordance withArt. 19 of the Statute ECJ, which refers …”

[University teachers] S. 643

„… before the GC in accordance withArt. 19 of the Statute ECJ, which refers admittance of such a professor …”

[Legal framework] S. 85

„… institution58, which comprises three judicial instances, i.e. theCourt of Justice (ECJ), the General Court (GC …”

[Intervention] S. 977

„… Directions to Parties”, which are published in aconsolidated version on the ECJ’s website and also in the …”

[Terminology] S. 584

„… dramatic changes to the numbering of the Statute ECJ andthe Rules of Procedure of the three EU Courts (with …”

[Currency] S. 841

„… application for legal aid must be made using the legal aid application form,which is available on the ECJ’s …”

[Applicable provisions of the Statute] S. 266

„… . 47 of the Statute ECJ concerning confirmation ofGC judges. It highlights the common denominator of …” „… “borrows” human resources from the ECJand the GC. The CST Registrar is responsible for organizing and …”

b S. 936

„… parties in an oral procedure.A possible conclusion to be drawn from the judgment of the ECJ is that the …”

[Objecting to a witness or expert] S. 765

„… respectiveduties or tasks.This provision is identical to Article 73 RP ECJ and is further detailed in Art. 13and 15 …”

[Travel and subsistence expenses] S. 765

„… respectiveduties or tasks.This provision is identical to Article 73 RP ECJ and is further detailed in Art. 13and 15 …”

[Practice directions to parties] S. 977-978

„… Directions to Parties”, which are published in aconsolidated version on the ECJ’s website and also in the …”

[Language of the procedure] S. 260-261

„… the Member States. Linguistic considerationsare so important to the ECJ’s functioning and to the EU in …”

[Advocate General assisting plenary session] S. 602-603

„… Art. 14 (1) RP GC and confirm implicitly that109 Art. 18 RP GC.110 Art. 18 Statute ECJ.Rules of …”

[Advocate General assisting a Chamber] S. 603-604

„… Statute ECJ.Rules of Procedure of the General Court of the EURP GC Art. 18528Reemers Publishing Services …”

[Measures of organization or of inquiry] S. 704-705

„… .648 A formal application based on Art. 114 RP GC is inadmissible, see Case T-54/93, Lopes/ECJ,[1996 …”

[Costs] S. 976-977

„… in aconsolidated version on the ECJ’s website and also in the Official Journal of the EU,is to render …”

[Change in circumstances] S. 897-898

„… relevant timelimit, then the orders of the ECJ overturning the orders of the President of the GCwould …”

[Delivery of the judgments] S. 784-785

„… , unless a party has lodged an appeal and successfully requested a suspensory effect (Art. 60 Statute ECJ …”

[New facts] S. 898-899

„… failed to appeal within the relevant timelimit, then the orders of the ECJ overturning the orders of the …”

[Contents of the application] S. 947-948

„… isof such a nature as to be a decisive factor”, are laid down in Art. 44 Statute ECJ.II. Contents of …”

[Petita] S. 971-972

„… 2 9.1.580; Page size: 160.00mm 240.00mmearlier in this volume concerning Art. 168 RP ECJ should be …”

[Letters rogatory] S. 765-766

„… respectiveduties or tasks.This provision is identical to Article 73 RP ECJ and is further detailed in Art. 13and 15 …”

[Binding judgment] S. 785-786

„… , unless a party has lodged an appeal and successfully requested a suspensory effect (Art. 60 Statute ECJ …”

c S. 936-937

„… parties in an oral procedure.A possible conclusion to be drawn from the judgment of the ECJ is that the …”

[Perjury] S. 764-765

„… or tasks.This provision is identical to Article 73 RP ECJ and is further detailed in Art. 13and 15 of …”

[Modalities of service] S. 858-860

„… 2)6 By virtue of this provision the judgments and orders referred to in Art. 55 StatuteECJ are …”

[Competent formation] S. 948-950

„… meaning of Art. 44 StatuteECJ2145. The existence, scope, or withdrawal of a lawyer’s mandate in a given …”

[Order of the President] S. 894-897

„… ) Statute ECJ), nor may they neutralize in advance the effectsof the decision subsequently given in the main …”

[Referring a case to a different formation] S. 709-712

„… beenclarified in a preceding case685.b) Grand Chamber6 In contrast to the ECJ686, only very few cases687 are …”

[Expert’s report] S. 761-764

„… ECJ [1990] ECR p. II-281, 288.949 Joined Cases T-33/89 and T-74/89, Blackman v Parliament [1993] ECR p …”

[Intervention] S. 960-963

„… Statute ECJ and Art. 115, 116 RP GC may authorize allpreviously uninvolved persons claiming a legitimate …”

[Observations of the other party] S. 890-894

„… , 612.1829 Art. 39 (3) Statute ECJ.1830 Case T-146/94 R, Williams v Court of Auditors [1994] ECR SC p. II-571 …”

[Joining cases] S. 705-709

„… ´ v Commission [1997] ECR SC p.II-135, para. 39.674 Case T-547/93, Lopes v ECJ [1996] ECR SC p. II-185 …”

[Conditions] S. 937-942

„… StatuteECJ makes an exception2100 to this rule which is detailed in Art. 122 RP GC. Thisexception, however …”

[Language of the case] S. 620-628

„… be.3. Prerogatives of the Member States31 In proceedings before the GC (like the ECJ), Member States …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845259079

Finn Arnesen, Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen, Hans Petter Graver, Ola Mestad, Christoph Vedder - Agreement on the European Economic Area

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Finn Arnesen (ed.), Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen (ed.), Hans Petter Graver (ed.), Ola Mestad (ed.), Christoph Vedder (ed.)

Agreement on the European Economic Area

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2018

Results in this title

Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Article 107 [Preliminary rulings from the ECJ] S. 837-840

„… (Art. 1). This limitation of the ECJ’s competence equals the one found in Art. 111(3). As suggested in …” „… mentioned alongside the EFTA Court, the ECJ and the CFI (GC) in Art. 106 lends support to the view that the …” „… relationship between the ECJ and the national courts of the EU Member States. The EFTA Court itself has …”

Pål Wennerås Article 3 [Relevance of ECJ case law] S. 980-984

„… wording of Art 3(2) in Restamark and sufficed to say that the ECJ’s interpretation of EU provisions …” „… Annexes to the EEA Agreement, in order to ensure compliance with more recent decisions of the ECJ.5 …” „… EU Commission), Art. 3 (duty to take ECJ case-law into consideration in the interpretation and …”

Thomas Chr. Poulsen Article 43 [Statute and Rules of procedure of the EFTA Court] S. 1056-1065

„… . The ECJ and the General Court adopted new RoP in 2012 and 2015, respectively, resulting in many …” „… correspond, with some exceptions, to the Statute and the RoP of the ECJ. Due to the principle of procedural …” „… few occasions, the EFTA Court has interpreted its rules differently than the ECJ. On this background …”

Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Article 105 [Homogeneous interpretation of EU and EEA law] S. 825-835

„… a common EEA Court to be incompatible with the EEC Treaty.4 The essence of the ECJ’s objections was …” „… that the narrow interpretation of the latter provision favoured by the ECJ’s president in his orders in …” „… first case, Restamark, the EFTA Court held that the ECJ’s case-law concerning the expression ‘court or …”

Pål Wennerås Article 6 [Homogeneity] S. 209-248

„… ECJ’s interpretation of the corresponding provision in EU law was still deemed “relevant”.11 So relevant …” „… elephant in the room is nevertheless the ECJ’s exclusive competence to review the legality of secondary EU …” „… commentators thus speculate that Sveinbjörnsdottir may have been instrumental in fostering the ECJ’s positive …”

Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Article 111 [Dispute resolution in the EEA Joint Committee] S. 865-883

„… Treaty.2 The essence of the ECJ’s objections was that it saw the creation of an EEA Court as a threat to …” „… been established without challenging the ECJ’s views in Opinion 1/91,6 but under the given …” „… divergence between the ECJ’s understanding of the homogeneity objective of the EEA Agreement in this part of …”

Gunnar Thor Pétursson Article 11 [Quantitative restrictions on imports and measures having equivalent effect] Quantitative restrictions on imports S. 289-299

„… Morris, para. 50. The EFTA Court cited the ECJ’s Case C-291/09, 7.4.2011, Guarnieri & Cie, for comparison …” „… , 14.5.1997, Ullensaker, para. 28 (with a reference to ECJ’s judgment in Joined cases C-140/94, C-141/94 and C …” „… ECJ’s Grand Chamber, and in its intervention, most of the EU Member States argued either that these …”

Gunnar Thor Pétursson Article 13 [Exemptions] S. 301-311

„… follow the developments in the ECJ’s approach to Art. 35 TFEU. As far as the EFTA Court is concerned …” „… principle, the ECJ’s approach to derogations from the free movement of goods informs also the interpretation …” „… EFTA Court’s reception of the ECJ’s case law. This is, in particular, important in regard to judge-made …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 33 [Exemptions] S. 423-434

„… the profession of chimney sweepers in Austria, the ECJ, relying on principles set out above, rejected …” „… that the exercise of official authority was at stake. It is interesting to note that the ECJ considered …” „… services. The ECJ has consistently held that measures which are directly discriminatory can only be …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 31 [Freedom of establishment] S. 400-420

„… . The EFTA Court, following the ECJ’s lead in Viking Line, concluded that even if competition law were …” „… the ECJ’s conclusions regarding the Directive could not decide the matter. Turning to the question …” „… Agreement on the European Economic Area 400 Einarsson 24 1 2 The ECJ made clear in its seminal judgment in …”

Henrik Bull Article 40 [Free movement of capital] S. 473-488

„… dividends paid to nonresidents to be contrary to EEA law, sits uncomfortably besides the ECJ’s judgment i.a …” „… E-10/07 L’Oréal,30 will follow the ECJ’s view in Case C-487/08 Commission v Spain if faced with the …” „… . This proviso led the ECJ to conclude, in Case 203/80 Casati,3 that Art. 67(1) EEC in and of itself did …”

Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Article 106 [Exchange of information concerning relevant judgements] S. 835-837

„… interpretation of provisions of the EEA Agreement in line with the ECJ’s interpretation of the very same …” „… is by letting the ECJ’s view prevail.54 Article 106 [Exchange of information concerning relevant …” „… the City Court questioned the EFTA Court’s approach to the ECJ’s Keck-doctrine in Case E-16/10 …”

Martin Hennig Article 14 [Internal taxation: No fiscal discrimination of imported goods] S. 311-322

„… Viewed in light of the ECJ’s willingness to accept various national policy choices as grounds for …” „… preceding case-law of the ECJ.65 It is true that the ECJ sometimes makes similar statements. However, that …” „… entered the territory of the importing state. As the ECJ stated in Bergandi, concerning the similarly …”

Tarjei Bekkedal Article 59 [Public undertakings, services of general economic interest] S. 568-584

„… ECJ’s requirement seems to be coarse-cut: It is hard to see how a Member State can justify distortions …” „… States the possibility of appealing a referral decision to the ECJ, on the same grounds and …” „… . Within the EU, the application of Art. 106 TFEU by the ECJ has been strongly informed by the approaches …”

Jonas W. Myhre Article 16 [State monopolies of a commercial character] S. 323-335

„… took over the ECJ’s view of the object and purpose of Art. 16/Art. 37 TFEU: “The purpose of Article 16 …” „… the comments in section IV below. 4 Case E-4/01, 30.5.2002, Karlsson, para. 37, paraphrasing the ECJ’s …” „… mirrored the ECJ’s interpretation of Art. 37 of the EC Treaty in Case 59/75 Manghera, in which the ECJ …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 32 [Exemptions for exercise of official authority] S. 420-423

„… instrument has probative value and is enforceable. However, in the ECJ’s view, this was not sufficient for …” „… case law of the ECJ concerning the equivalent provisions in the TFEU makes clear that the ECJ treats …” „… to assume that the approach taken in the case law of the ECJ would be followed in the EFTA pillar …”

Tron Løkken Sundet Article 68 [Labour law] S. 664-677

„… the ECJ’s approach to corresponding provisions in EU law, see comments in Section I.2, IV and V below …” „… line with case-law from the ECJ.9 However, it remains to be seen whether the ECJ’s approach in case C …” „… against the new employer for such agreements negotiated after the date of transfer. The ECJ’s …”

Karin Fløistad Article 28 [Free movement of workers] S. 369-385

„… has undergone a transformation through the ECJ’s interpretation of the concept of Union citizenship …” „… (and immigration policy) from the EEA Agreement had no material impact on the present case.40 The ECJ’s …” „… . 21(1) TFEU. The ECJ’s answered in the affirmative. However, the scope of application of Art. 21(1) TFEU …”

Martin Hennig Article 15 [Repayment of internal taxes] S. 322-323

„… Viewed in light of the ECJ’s willingness to accept various national policy choices as grounds for …” „… ECJ has accepted objective justification of national tax arrangements. What sets Einarsson apart from …” „… the cases decided by the ECJ, is that it is highly unlikely that a significant amount of books in the …”

Gunnar Thor Pétursson Article 10 [Customs duties and charges having equivalent effect] S. 286-289

„… case-law.9 As a result, the ECJ’s broad definition of the concept of charges having equivalent effects will …” „… to cover the ECJ’s understanding that not only charges imposed on goods crossing national frontiers …” „… and the Council, that Art. 10 was to be interpreted in conformity with ECJ caselaw concerning Art. 12 …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 36 [Freedom to provide services] S. 450-470

„… , ‘Always at your Service (Within Limits): The ECJ’s Case Law on Article 56 TFEU (2006-2011)’, European Law …” „… , the ECJ found in van Binsbergen that Art. 59 EEC had direct effect.2 As Art. 36 EEA is in the main …” „… Direct and indirect discrimination Initially, the case law of the ECJ regarding the free movement of …”

Thomas Chr. Poulsen Article 44 [Legal capacity, privileges and immunities, headquarters agreements] S. 1065-1066

„… RoP Art. 91 Corresponds to Art. 157 ECJ RoP RoP Art. 92 Corresponds to Art. 159(2) ECJ RoP RoP Art …” „… . 93 Corresponds to Art. 159(3)-(4) ECJ RoP RoP Art. 94 Corresponds to Art. 159(5)-(7) ECJ RoP RoP Art …” „… . 95 Corresponds to Art. 158 ECJ RoP RoP Art. 96(1) Has no equivalent This rule sets out that a where …”

Gunnar Thor Pétursson Article 12 [Quantitative restrictions on exports and measures having equivalent effect] Quantitative restrictions on exports S. 299-301

„… protectionism.3 However, in 2009, the ECJ’s Grand Chamber in Gysbrecht4 seemingly modified the Groenveld test …” „… . 12 has to follow the developments in the ECJ’s approach to Art. 35 TFEU. As far as the EFTA Court is …” „… failure to comply with Dir. 98/34, based on ECJ case law, would result in non-notified technical …”

Peter-Christian Müller-Graff Article 34 [Right of establishment for companies] S. 434-450

„… ; for Art. 49 TFEU see ECJ’s judgment in Case C-250/95, 15.5.1997, Futura Participations and Singer …” „… . Olsen and Others, para. 166; for Art. 49 TFEU see the ECJ’s judgment in Case C-196/04, 12.9.2006 …” „… ECJ’s finding under Art. 49 TFEU that an incorporation ‘must correspond with an actual establishment …”

Ole-Andreas Rognstad Article 65(2) [Intellectual property rights] S. 641-659

„… E-22/15 Jabbi attached limited importance to the ECJ’s reference to Art. 21 of the EU Charter when …” „… interests in controlling the commercialization of repackaged goods, the EFTA Court’s influence on ECJ’s …” „… justified on grounds of ‘industrial and commercial property’ – an expression which by the ECJ (and to some …”

Christoph Vedder The EEA in the Union’s Legal Order S. 101-124

„… relevant procedure is set forth in Art. 204 of the ECJ’s Rules of Procedure. As an alternative to referring …” „… secondary law.52 The ECJ’s position results in the EU being obliged to comply with the rules of public …” „… the ECJ established the implied treaty making powers of the EEC.6 First enlargement and free trade …”

Benedikt Pirker Switzerland and the EEA S. 80-101

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2. Excursus: The ECJ’s case law on the Bilateral Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3. Indirect …” „… additional months of renegotiation after the ECJ’s negative Opinion 1/91,21 the EEA Agreement was eventually …” „… “compelling reasons” spoke out against a parallel interpretation, it would deviate from the ECJ’s …”

Finn Arnesen, Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Preamble S. 150-171

„… ECJ’s Opinion 1/91.1 The reason for this was that the ECJ not only rejected the proposition for a joint …” „… Opinion 1/91.3 This mistake is unlikely to have affected the ECJ’s dismissal of the judicial architecture …” „… EEA decision-making procedure.21 Consequently, seeds of an EEA parallel to the ECJ’s strengthening of …”

Karl Harald Søvig Article 69 [Equal pay for equal work] S. 677-683

„… decisions from the ECJ will be awaited with considerable interest by the EFTA States and their national …” „… ECJ in the landmark Case 43/75 Defrenne II.3 In Case C-50/96 Schröder, the potential conflict between …” „… , the ECJ held the competitive aim to be secondary to the social aim.4 In Case 43/75 Defrenne II, the …”

Håvard Ormberg Article 123 [National security and trade in arms] S. 929-939

„… . In part, the practice seems to be without consideration to, and maybe even unaware of both the ECJ’s …” „… Art. 123 EEA, whilst at the same time relying on the ECJ’s jurisprudence. 18 Rt. 2005 p. 1638. PART II …” „… ECJ’s judgment in Shciebel Aircraft into account, The Norwegian Defence Material Agency’s practice of …”

Christian Franklin Article 3 [Principle of loyalty] S. 180-196

„… compared with the ECJ’s understanding of corresponding provisions under the EC/EU Treaties over the years …” „… referring to the ECJ’s case-law, the EFTA Court held that the provision imposed on ESA a duty to respect the …” „… ECJ’s decision in Adeneler specifically in mind in reaching its decision in this case. The fact that the …”

Ronny Gjendemsjø Article 53 [Agreements, decisions and concerted practices] S. 526-546

„… supplier and its dealers. The EF- TA Court based its reasoning on the ECJ’s judgment in AEG.9 In this case …” „… criteria.12 This element of the ECJ’s reasoning in AEG is not explicitly found in the EFTA Court’s judgment …” „… Bayer did set aside the AEG precedence despite the ECJ’s lack of express statement in the judgment. Some …”

Karin Fløistad Article 29 [Social security for workers and self-employed persons] S. 385-391

„… will interpret the concept of a worker in the EEA differently and more limited than the ECJ’s …” „… ECJ’s point of view.7 This decision is significant as the ECJ has, in its past case law, not refrained …” „… The ECJ began its reasoning in the case with numerous references to the rights of Union citizens …”

Martin Hennig Article 47 [Scope of application] S. 500-517

„… ECJ, Case 167/73 Commission v French Republic, gives guidance on the understanding of the provision …” „… . Starting out, the ECJ declared that the fundamental aims of EU law apply to the provisions on transport. At …” „… para. 18 the ECJ stated as follows: Under Article 2 of the Treaty [replaced, in substance, by Article 3 …”

Simen Hammersvik Article 65(1) [Public procurement] S. 612-641

„… pointed out by the ECJ in Case C-237/99, to eliminate barriers to the freedom to provide goods and …” „… Wall, the ECJ held that the rules on free movement are only binding to undertakings which fulfil the …” „… and the ECJ have consistently held that, although certain contracts are excluded from the scope of the …”

Ingvald Falch Article 4 [Non-discrimination on grounds of nationality] S. 196-209

„… explained by the homogeneity principle which calls for an interpretation of Art. 4 in line with the ECJ’s …” „… a general level.44 The ECJ’s reasoning also illustrates that determining whether two groups are in …” „… Agreement would be vigorously contested. IX. Summary As we have seen, the practice of the ECJ and EFTA …”

Karl Harald Søvig Article 70 [Equal treatment of men and women] S. 683-690

„… ECJ’s reasoning in Abrahamsson implied that the Norwegian earmarking rule fell foul of the principle of …” „… discrimination was present in the case at hand,29 the ECJ-centred approach has proven very important in …” „… the ECJ under the directive, and summarised it as follows (para. 43): 3 Dir. 97/80/EC was incorporated …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXXVI

„… Marin Alpin, the Supreme Court, based on an extensive analysis of the ECJ’s decisions in the Cases C …” „… judgement over the years regularly referred to and relied on the relevant decisions of the ECJ, and …” „… repeatedly stated that relevant rulings from the ECJ are to be given significant weightage by Norwegian …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 38 [Transport services] S. 470-473

„… scope of Art. 36 and those classified as transport services.3 In Fonnship, the ECJ was faced with a …” „… , flew the Panamanian flag.5 The ECJ found that two categories of persons enjoyed, under certain …” „… Agreement.7 In light of this, the ECJ held that, to the extent that Fonnship could be considered to be the …”

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Fredrik Bøckman Finstad, Ida Sørebø Article 104 [Binding effect of EEA Joint Committee decisions] S. 824-825

„… functionally integrated with the ECJ. In short, the EEA Court itself would safeguard uniform interpretation of …” „… EEA law as such in both pillars of the EEA,1 whereas the participation of ECJ judges in the EEA Court …” „… rules of Community law. Importantly, the ECJ judges would be in majority – the ‘plenary session’ of the …”

Thomas Chr. Poulsen Article 46 [Contractual and non-contractual liability of the ESA] S. 1066-1074

„… , Kolbeinsson, para. 77, with reference to the ECJ’s judgment in Case C-224/01,30.9.2003, Köbler and Others …” „… the seriousness condition, the EFTA Court held, referring to the case-law of the ECJ, that account …” „… be. The provision is identical in substance to Art. 46 of the Statute of the ECJ. According to the …”

Finn Arnesen, Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Article 1 [Object and purpose] S. 171-176

„… membership of the EC/EU. It may well have contributed to the ECJ’s initial scepticism in Opinion 1/91 about …” „… objectives, thus easing the EFTA Court’s task of keeping up with the ECJ’s teleological interpretation of the …” „… provisions applies even in cases where it may well be argued that the ECJ’s interpretation of EU law has been …”

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Ida Sørebø Article 7 [Binding effect and implementation of EU legal acts] S. 248-270

„… requirements of public interest to a higher degree than what the ECJ has been prepared to do.285 This means …” „… stemming from the act in question. In the EU, the ECJ has stated that the principle of loyalty requires …” „… Agreement. By accepting that the Agreement does not entail transfer of legislative powers, the ECJ has also …”

Henrik Bull Article 41 [Free movement of payments] S. 488-489

„… has no equivalent in the EEA Agreement. As the ECJ has made no distinction between Art. 67(2) and Art …” „… , this mixed origin of Art. 41 EEA should not create any problems in applying ECJ case law to that …” „… Article. In Joined Cases 286/82 and 26/83 Luisi and Carbone,1 the ECJ had to address the difference …”

Berte-Elen R. Konow Article 72 [Provisions on consumer protection] S. 691-713

„… differently. Drawing upon the ECJ’s expectations to “the average consumer” in its case-law concerning …” „… )1 of Annex IX. 44 Para. 41, citing the ECJ’s judgment in Case C-210/96 Gut Springenheide. 45 Paras …” „… EFTA Court’s President is telling: According to him, the ECJ’s implicit view that a consumer ‘cannot …”

Per Christiansen Article 28 [Composition] S. 1020-1021

„… Parties and to rule on matters relating to the EFTA States. However, the ECJ rejected the proposal as …” „… decided to introduce an EFTA court, and a revised proposal was presented to the ECJ. Under that proposal …” „… the EFTA Court has sole jurisdiction vis-à-vis the EFTA States and institutions, whereas the ECJ has …”

Finn Arnesen Article 119 [Annexes and Protocols as integral part of the Agreement] S. 912-919

„… Annexes.2 The ruling of the ECJ in case C-496/09 Commission v Italy,3 regarding the similarly worded Art …” „… also may find that the committee has acted ultra vires.20 Accepting this, the ECJ must have the same …” „… EEA Agreement, the SCA or in EU law that provide either the EFTA Court or the ECJ with the power to …”

Article 124 [Non-discrimination of investments] Henrik Bull S. 939-942

„… . In the few cases where what is now Art. 55 TFEU has been applied after that time,2 the ECJ has seen …” „… capital, the ECJ has come to regard such 'portfolio' investments as protected by the provisions on free …” „… infringements proceedings going before the ECJ, and indirectly discriminatory measures may have been dealt with …”

Per Christiansen Article 27 [The establishment of the EFTA Court] S. 1019-1020

„… States. However, the ECJ rejected the proposal as being incompatible with the EEC Treaty (Opinion 1/91 …” „… proposal was presented to the ECJ. Under that proposal the EFTA Court has sole jurisdiction vis-à-vis the …” „… EFTA States and institutions, whereas the ECJ has sole jurisdiction vis-à-vis the EU Member States and …”

Ronny Gjendemsjø Article 54 [Abuse of a dominant position] S. 546-555

„… Wouters-justification is based on the ECJ’s judgments in Wouters and Meca Medina.116 In these judgments a restriction of …” „… of abuses which are found in the case law of the ECJ. As a consequence, the analysis focuses on the …” „… , customers and ultimately of its consumers”.3 Those familiar with the case law of the ECJ on dominance will …”

Per Christiansen Article 34 [Advisory opinion] S. 1032-1040

„… procedures. A difference in principle between Art. 34 SCA and Art. 267 TFEU is that the ECJ may rule not only …” „… validity of such acts. Therefore, although the ECJ may not rule on the validity of a treaty provision, it …” „… interpretations are not within the remit of the EFTA Court, but for the ECJ to pronounce. In practice, the EFTA …”

Finn Arnesen Article 129 [Languages, ratification, entry into force] S. 968-973

„… Sveinbjörnsdóttir shows that the EFTA Court did not immediately follow the ECJ’s lead. In this case, the EFTA Court …” „… ) and so is the link to the procedural rules governing the ECJ’s jurisdiction in the EU-pillar.3 As a …” „… increased either. The directions given by the ECJ to national courts in Case 283/81 CILFIT3 will apply also …”

Håvard Ormberg Article 122 [Secrecy obligations] S. 927-929

„… provisions refer in particular to information gathered about undertakings, the ECJ has established that the …” „… undertakings that are able to place considerable economic or commercial pressure on their competitors.4 The ECJ …” „… with a justified wish to remain anonymous.5 The ECJ has established that a breach of the obligation of …”

Finn Arnesen, Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Contracting Parties S. 973-975

„… ) and so is the link to the procedural rules governing the ECJ’s jurisdiction in the EU-pillar.3 As a …” „… and the ECJ, neither generally nor in cases where these EU institutions ensure the fulfillment of EEA …” „… vis-àvis the ECJ in particular, one of the members of the evaluation panel was to be a former judge of the …”

Ernst Nordtveit, Sigrid Eskeland Schütz Article 75 [More stringent national measures] S. 737-740

„… the path chosen in EU law. When the ECJ decides on the level of harmonisation brought about by a …” „… level of protection. The ECJ stated that the directive seeks to minimize the impact of end-of-life …” „… market and to avoid distortions of competition in the Union’.6 The ECJ further held that the Directive’s …”

Fredrik Bøckman Finstad Norway and the EEA S. 59-80

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2. Excursus: The ECJ’s case law on the Bilateral Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3. Indirect …” „… and the EEA Finstad 61 5 6 7 isting EC institutions (the Commission and the ECJ) regarding the EFTA …” „… order. After first having rejected a common EEA court, the ECJ accepted the setting up an EFTA court …”

Martin Hennig Article 49 [State aid in the transport sector] S. 518-521

„… down in Art. 61(1). This was confirmed in Belgian Railways, where the ECJ declared in general terms …” „… the ECJ. However, according to the Commission, the concept has significance which goes “beyond the …” „… sector Hennig 519 3 4 development in the case law of the ECJ, most notably the Altmark case, establishing …”

Tron Løkken Sundet Article 66 [Improvement of working conditions] S. 659-660

„… combination, nothing more than what clearly follows from the case law of the ECJ and well settled trade mark …” „… preamble mn. 34. Article 66 Improvement of working conditions Sundet 659 1 2 the ECJ, the EFTA Court, and …” „… social policy in the secondary legislation and in the case law of the ECJ must be implemented into EEA …”

Introduction S. 1-13

„… interpretation of EEA law in line with the ECJ’s dynamic development of EU law; it has also embraced, and won …” „… the ECJ’s suggestions to the contrary in Case C-431/11, 26.9.2013, UK v. Council, para. 54, and Case C …” „… ’ prognosis in his annotation of the ECJ’s Opinions 1/91 and 1/92 in 29 Common Market Law Review (1992), pp …”

Dora Sif Tynes Article 108 [The ESA and the EFTA Court: Establishment and competences] S. 840-852

„… Court has on the other hand found the need to reaffirm its independence both vis-á-vis the ECJ and the …” „… case law from the ECJ and has, for instance, not distinguished between rulings rendered before the EEA …” „… of teleological reasoning that would have been expected from the ECJ, in light of that court’s …”

Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen EEA law in and beyond the text of the Main Part of the EEA Agreement S. 124-145

„… lead to divergences between the ECtHR’s interpretation of the ECHR and the ECJ’s interpretation of more …” „… handling of EEA-related matters are also found in, e.g., the Statute and the Rules of Procedure of the ECJ …” „… courts as well as by the ECJ when interpreting EU law? More than 20 years after the entry into force of …”

Christian Franklin Article 2 [Principle of loyalty] S. 978-980

„… more recent decisions of the ECJ.5 Unsurprisingly, and unlike with Art. 3 EEA, Art. 2 SCA does not …” „… , such as Art. 5(2)(c) (duty to cooperate with the EU Commission), Art. 3 (duty to take ECJ case-law into …” „… [Relevance of ECJ case law] 1. Without prejudice to future developments of case law, the provisions of …”

Per Christiansen Article 33 [Compliance with judgements of the EFTA Court] S. 1030-1032

„… brought before the ECJ. No equivalent requirement exists under Art. 32 SCA, even though Art. 259 …” „… the ECJ after giving the Member State concerned the opportunity to submit its observations.5 Art. 33 …” „… ) TFEU authorises the ECJ, upon an application from the Commission, to impose a lump sum or penalty …”

Henrik Bull Article 24 [Energy] S. 356-361

„… ,24 the ECJ made it clear that Art. 13 does not allow for other liability systems to apply as long as …” „… the Member States, with some territorial exceptions and clarifications. It follows from ECJ case law …” „… than the ECJ did with regard to Art. 345 TFEU in Joined Cases C-105/12, C-106/12 and C-107/12 Essent …”

Gunnar Thor Pétursson Article 8 [Free movement of goods, scope of application] S. 270-281

„… whether it had changed its mind due to the ECJ’s ruling in Silhouette. In L’Oréal, the EFTA Court …” „… ECJ in Opinion 1/91. 5 Case E-2/97, 3.12.1997, Maglite, para. 27. Article 8 Free movement of goods …” „… originating and non-originating products.10 Case-law from the EFTA Court and the ECJ: Maglite, Silhouette and …”

Henrik Bull Article 23 [Technical regulations and barriers to trade in wine, product liability] S. 350-356

„… restricted to adopting the relevant Com- 2. 1 It follows from consistent case law of the ECJ, also prior to …” „… same effect is currently r consideration. According to ECJ case law,17 Dir. 98/34/EC produces so-called …” „… Court nor the ECJ have ruled on whether breach of the procedure laid out in Art. 39 of Reg. No 1169/2011 …”

Christian Jordal, Gjermund Mathisen Article 64 [Dispute resolution] S. 609-612

„… . Art. 64 was added after the ECJ’s Opinion 1/91 on the EEA Agreement. The immediate background would …” „… from the EFTA Court and the ECJ or the General Court, the mechanism under Art. 111 would seem the more …” „… pointed out by the ECJ in Case C-237/99, to eliminate barriers to the freedom to provide goods and …”

Tron Løkken Sundet Article 67 [Health and safety of workers] S. 660-664

„… interpretation of EEA law advocated by the EFTA Court deviates from the ECJ’s approach to corresponding …” „… the ECJ, the EFTA Court, and particularly the importance of the Charter, could give rise to …” „… law of the ECJ must be implemented into EEA law.6 Generally speaking, the substantive law on social …”

Håvard Ormberg Article 121 [Nordic cooperation, regional union between Switzerland and Liechtenstein] S. 924-927

„… Treaties.7 Further, in Commission v Luxembourg, the ECJ stated that: “the aim of Article [350] of the …” „… Liechtenstein Ormberg 925 2 3 4 5 The ECJ also stated that the Benelux Treaty could not justify derogation from …” „… gathered about undertakings, the ECJ has established that the obligation of professional secrecy is a …”

Thomas Chr. Poulsen Article 125 [The EEA Agreement and national systems of property ownership] S. 942-945

„… May 1999 Art. 222). In Case C-367/98 Commission v Portugal, the ECJ held that Art. 222 EC (now Art …” „… identical in substance for the purpose of the case at hand, the case law of the ECJ on Article 295 EC is of …” „… relevance when interpreting Article 125 EEA. 62 It follows from the case law of the ECJ on Article 295 EC …”

Dora Sif Tynes Article 109 [The two-pillar surveillance system] S. 852-860

„… .14 In the same manner, ESA has submitted written observations to the ECJ and intervened in cases in …” „… to an EFTA State in certain instances and any EFTA State may appeal to the ECJ on the same grounds …” „… particular field accepted the jurisdiction of the ECJ. The rationale seems to be that due to the division of …”

Finn Arnesen, Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Article 2 [Definitions] S. 176-180

„… and the ECJ’s ERTA-case law,13 the ‘Contracting Party’ on the EU side in the EEA Agreement will in …” „… first potential difficulty is purely terminological, as both the ECJ and the EFTA Court have referred to …” „… ) and 13(2) TEU, the ECJ had at times previously referred to earlier corresponding Treaty provisions as …”

Per Christiansen Article 30 [Members] S. 1021-1025

„… system at the ECJ, the Court does not publish dissenting opinions. Since reappointment of a retiring …” „… nominates one person.2 Similar to the ECJ, there is no nationality requirement. The judges must be chosen …” „… 1994 and served until he became an ECJ Judge in January 1995. Judge Haug was elected President from …”

Per Christiansen Article 31 [Infringement action] S. 1025-1029

„… that ESA proceeds within an appropriate time” or “without undue delay”. In the EU, the ECJ has not set …” „… before the ECJ. This potential departure from procedural homogeneity has met some criticism, see Sletnes …” „… , Commission v Belgium, para. 14, and subsequent case law of the ECJ. Article 31 Infringement action …”

Henrik Bull Article 42 [Circumvention of capital movements liberalization] S. 489-490

„… we have seen in the comments to Art. 40 EEA, the EFTA Court and the ECJ, have in fact “harmonised …” „… any role in the case law of the EFTA Court or the ECJ. Article 42 [Circumvention of capital movements …”

Gunnar Thor Pétursson Article 9 [Origin of goods] S. 281-286

„… , that Art. 10 was to be interpreted in conformity with ECJ caselaw concerning Art. 12 ff. of the EC …” „… the ECJ already in the seminal van Gend en Loos case.4 As is well known, the EEA does not entail a …” „… . 111. 3 Ibid, para. 101. 4 Case 26/62, 5.2.1963, van Gend en Loos, in which the ECJ famously held Art …”

Ronny Gjendemsjø Article 56 [Distribution of competences between the ESA and the Commission] S. 558-563

„… or economic nature”. The definition is identical to how the term has been defined by the ECJ.3 III …” „… the ECJ. Similarly, a damage claim for loss pursuant to a cartel which violates both EU and EEA law …” „… court may refer questions to, not the ECJ. The legal basis supporting the Commission’s view appears to …”

Dora Sif Tynes Article 110 [Enforceability of decisions of the ESA and the Commission and of judgments of the EFTA Court and the EU Courts] Einarsson/FredriksenEnforceability of decisions and judgements S. 860-865

„… Art. 260 TFEU. 1 In EU law, the enforceability of judgments of the CJEU (the ECJ and the GC) is …” „… applies as regards the Commission and the ECJ when they have jurisdiction under the terms of the EEA. Para …” „… judgments from the GC or the ECJ is governed by Arts. 299 and 280 TFEU. Thus, it is only in case of …”

Håvard Ormberg Article 120 [The EEA Agreement and pre-existing agreements] S. 919-924

„… on Art. 120 EEA, notes 211 and 16. See e.g. ECJ’s opinions on the WTO in Opinion 1/94, 15.11.1994 …” „… States. However, despite the impact the Charter has had on the ECJ’s case law and the challenges that the …” „… Fredriksen and Franklin, to introduce a possibility for the EFTA Court to ask the ECJ to rule on …”

Per Christiansen Article 36 [Action for annulment] S. 1041-1046

„… has resorted to the test developed by the ECJ since the Plaumann case,6 which focuses on the …” „… question of validity to the ECJ. 22 Case E-14/11, 21.12.2012, DB Schenker v ESA, para. 77 and case law …” „… AG Kokott in C-274/12 P, 21.3.2013, Telefónica, paras. 17 to 28. The ECJ refrained from addressing …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 30 [Recognition of diplomas, certificates] S. 391-400

„… EFTA Court and the ECJ have moved the EEA Agreement beyond the economically active, and the case law …” „… knows, a similar case has not been ruled upon by the ECJ, there is, however, little reason to suppose …” „… anchored in case law from the ECJ, which had ruled on cases concerning German and French legislation that …”

Ernst Nordtveit, Sigrid Eskeland Schütz Article 74 [Protective measures] S. 721-737

„… homogeneous interpretation, regardless of the underlying EU law sources that may have influenced the ECJ’s …” „… the ECJ’s efforts to secure the consistency of EU environmental law will also inform the …” „… , techniques and legal concepts are often found in different legal acts, and decisions from the ECJ in relation …”

Finn Arnesen, Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen The Contracting Parties S. 145-150

„… to accept this, however, the Commission gave in without bringing the matter before the ECJ. From a …” „… . Arnesen/Fredriksen 145 1 2 3 about by the Treaty of Lisbon and the case law of the ECJ, suggest that the areas …”

Henrik Bull Article 26 [Anti-dumping and anti-subsidies measures] S. 362-367

„… , competition and state aid, including enforcement at Union level through the European Commission and the ECJ …” „… those of the Commission and the ECJ, there should also be no place for such measures and duties between …”

Per Andreas Bjørgan Article 13 [Rules of procedure] S. 997-1002

„… refusing access to the merger case file. The ECJ nevertheless accepted the Commission’s short and more …” „… deny access to a cartel case file. That judgment was set aside by the ECJ by judgment of 27 February …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 35 [Recognition of diplomas, certificates] S. 450

„… , the ECJ found in van Binsbergen that Art. 59 EEC had direct effect.2 As Art. 36 EEA is in the main …”

Ólafur Jóhannes Einarsson Article 39 [Scope of application] S. 473

„… . This proviso led the ECJ to conclude, in Case 203/80 Casati,3 that Art. 67(1) EEC in and of itself did …”

Per Christiansen Article 29 [Quorum] S. 1021

„… system at the ECJ, the Court does not publish dissenting opinions. Since reappointment of a retiring …”

Christian Jordal, Gjermund Mathisen Article 61 [Prohibition of state aid, exemptions] S. 585-598

„… “undertaking” with that of the ECJ,4 by more narrowly defining undertakings as entities engaged in economic …” „… the provider of the service. With its judgment in 2003 in the Altmark case, the ECJ set out four …” „… measure would threaten to distort competition. As regards the effect on trade condition, the ECJ has …”

Ronny Gjendemsjø Introduction to the competition rules applicable to undertakings S. 525-526

„… relation to homogeneity, it is also important to be aware that both the General Court and the ECJ apply and …”

Index S. 1125-1141

„… task II 72 1 – ECJ practice II 72 39 – hidden topic II 72 3 Consumer rights directive II 72 21 …” „… Earmarking of positions II 70 5 ECHR II 120 7 ECJ I EU 16, 34, 60, 68 ECOFIN II 46 2 Economic aims II 33 …” „… Preliminary references II 6 59 Preliminary references to the ECJ II 107 1 ff. Preliminary rulings III 34 28 …”

Martin Hennig Article 48 [Non-discriminatory application of national rules] S. 517-518

„… confirmed in Belgian Railways, where the ECJ declared in general terms, that Art. 77 EEC Treaty [now Art. 93 …”

Per Christiansen Article 32 [Infringement action by an EFTA State] S. 1029-1030

„… action by an EFTA State Christiansen 1029 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 brought before the ECJ. No equivalent …”

Christophe Hillion Article 118 [Extension of the EEA Agreement to new fields] S. 904-912

„… . The ECJ has jurisdiction to interpret the EEA Agreement within the EU legal order, having in turn an …” „… and Annexes.2 The ruling of the ECJ in case C-496/09 Commission v Italy,3 regarding the similarly …”

Finn Arnesen Article 126 [Territorial application of the EEA Agreement] S. 945-953

„… See Case C-6/04, 20.10.2005, Commission v UK, para. 117 where the ECJ held that the Habitats Directive …” „… 11 12 Neither the EFTA Court nor the ECJ has ruled explicitly upon the geographical application of …”

Finn Arnesen Article 18 [Technical barriers to trade in agricultural products] S. 336-337

„… .2 This is in line with consistent case law from the EFTA Court as well as the ECJ; written and …”

Finn Arnesen Article 19 [Liberalization of trade in agricultural products] S. 337-338

„… consistent case law from the EFTA Court as well as the ECJ; written and unwritten exceptions to the …”

Ronny Gjendemsjø Article 58 [Cooperation between the ESA and the Commission] S. 566-568

„… Gjendemsjø 567 3 4 5 6 7 States the possibility of appealing a referral decision to the ECJ, on the same …”

Dora Sif Tynes Article 93 [Composition of the EEA Joint Committee, decision‑making] S. 784-786

„… ECJ under Art. 111(3) EEA. See further the comments by Fredriksen on that provision. 7 See for …”

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Fredrik Bøckman Finstad, Ida Sørebø Article 97 [Right to amend internal legislation] S. 793-795

„… legislation in question from EEA-based judicial review, be it before the EFTA Court or the ECJ, presumably …”

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Fredrik Bøckman Finstad, Ida Sørebø Article 98 [Amendments to Annexes and selected Protocols] S. 795-797

„… on the possibility to request the ECJ to interpret EEA rules, Protocol 35 on the implementation of …”

Finn Arnesen, Halvard Haukeland Fredriksen Preamble S. 975-977

„… instruct the EFTA Court to take ECJ case-law into account and ESA to cooperate with the Commission, but not …”

Per Andreas Bjørgan Article 8 [Independence of the members] S. 993-995

„… why ESA sends fewer infringements cases to the EFTA Court than what the Commission sends to the ECJ …”

Dora Sif Tynes Article 94 [The EEA Joint Committee: presidency, meetings, sub-committees and working groups] Functioning of the EEA Joint Committee S. 786-789

„… Although the Contracting Parties may agree to request an opinion by the ECJ under Art. 111(3) EEA. See …”

Per Andreas Bjørgan Article 5 [Responsibilities and means] S. 987-990

„… ’ turnover in the relevant markets and the potential effect on trade in the EU. The ECJ has described the EEA …”

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Fredrik Bøckman Finstad, Ida Sørebø Article 99 [Participation of EFTA States in EU decision-shaping] S. 797-800

„… possibility to request the ECJ to interpret EEA rules, Protocol 35 on the implementation of EEA rules, and …”

Thomas Chr. Poulsen Article 42 [Protocols and Annexes as integral part of the SCA] S. 1051-1056

„… been updated following the amendments in 2010 and 2012. The ECJ and the General Court adopted new RoP …”

Per Andreas Bjørgan Article 25 [Responsibilities of the ESA in the field of the competition rules] S. 1012-1018

„… the Main Part of the SCA. The case law illustrates that the ECJ and EFTA Courts do not avoid making …”

Ernst Nordtveit, Sigrid Eskeland Schütz Article 73 [Object and purpose of EEA environmental law] S. 715-721

„… Joint Committee. In the same way as the ECJ interprets secondary EU law in light of the environmental …”

Henrik Bull Article 21 [Border controls and cooperation in customs‑related matters] S. 341-349

„… . In Case C-125/94 Aprile Srl,4 the ECJ concluded that Dir. 83/643 as amended did not apply to trade …”

Christophe Hillion Article 128 [Accession to the EEA Agreement] S. 961-968

„… objectives of the EEA as understood by the ECJ in e.g. Opinion 1/91, 14.12.9, EEA (I), and Case C-431/11 …”

Marthe Kristine Fjeld Dystland, Fredrik Bøckman Finstad, Ida Sørebø Article 102 [Amendments of Annexes, incooperation of EEA-relevant EU legislation] S. 803-819

„… tasks laid on the ECJ, which for the EFTA States would be assigned to the EFTA Court. The changes made …”

Margrét Einarsdóttir, Ragnhildur Helgadóttir Iceland and the EEA S. 13-35

„… Supreme Court, as well as lower courts and parties to cases, have cited the ECJ directly. But the volume …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845275796

Shira Becker-Alon - The Communitarian Dimension of the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy

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Shira Becker-Alon

The Communitarian Dimension of the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy

Series: Schriften des Europa-Instituts der Universität des Saarlandes - Rechtswissenschaft

Volume 83 2011

Results in this title

Scope of ECJ jurisdiction under the TEU S. 96-103

„… was the concern that the ECJ’s integrationist approach and doctrines would be applied to the CFSP …” „… of the ECJ’s jurisdiction from the CFSP. a. Article 46 of the TEU: the general rule of …” „… comes to third pillar issues, the Treaty of Amsterdam marked an extension of the ECJ’s jurisdiction …”

Article 133 of the TEC as a legal basis for export control of dual-use goods: the European Court of Justice (ECJ)’s approach S. 228-230

„… legal basis for export control of dual-use goods: the European Court of Justice (ECJ)’s approach When …” „… to the Member States’ security interests. Nevertheless, judging from the ECJ approach to this issue …” „… . Already in its Opinion 1/78, the ECJ stressed the need for a non-restrictive interpretation of the concept …”

Scope of the European Courts’ jurisdiction under the Treaties establishing the European Communities S. 95-96

„… the existence of hierarchy between EC and CFSP norms, it is suggested that the fact that ECJ …” „… jurisdiction applies to this “collision norm”359 (Article 46(f) TEU) enables the ECJ to ensure that the primacy …” „… . General The TEC entrusts the ECJ and the Court of First Instance (CFI)361 – each within the scope of its …”

Justiciability of the imposition of sanctions by the EU and the procedure under Article 301 of the TEC S. 216-218

„… , the ECJ’s jurisdiction does not apply to CFSP Decisions on sanctions, made under Title V of the TEU …” „… whether, or to what extent, the ECJ (and the CFI) can apply its (their) jurisdiction to sanctions imposed …” „… . The ECJ is thereby supposed to be prevented from reviewing Union decisions and actions that are based …”

The Community’s implied external competences S. 33-37

„… powers” by the ECJ The theory of implied powers was originally developed in the constitutional and …” „… , the doctrine of implied powers, as developed by the ECJ, had a significant effect on the development …” „… several provisions expressly referring to the Community’s external competences, the ECJ – in what had been …”

The Community’s express external competences S. 28-33

„… extension of the Community’s external competences through the ECJ’s implied powers doctrine.27It is beyond …” „… are not an exhaustive list from the ECJ’s point of view, which preferred a wide interpretation of …” „… States, it was the ECJ that developed the principles to determine the scope and nature of Community …”

Article 47 of the TEU: keeping the Treaties establishing the European Communities intact S. 94-95

„… by the ECJ’s jurisdiction in Leifer (Case C-83/94, [1995] ECR I-3231), Werner (Case C-70/94, [1995 …” „… issue of export control over dualuse goods, which – according to the ECJ – was subject to the exclusive …” „… hierarchy between EC and CFSP norms, it is suggested that the fact that ECJ jurisdiction applies to this …”

Summary and conclusions S. 283-298

„… , the ECJ’s judicial powers do not apply to CFSP. Yet, at the same time, the judicial powers of the …” „… of the ECJ’s judicial review from the CFSP, while respected by the Court, has done nothing to affect …” „… according to CFSP provisions. Nevertheless, despite the ECJ’s 289 intervention power in this context, it …”

EU agreements: a new field of dualism in the EU’s external relations S. 201-203

„… should not apply to mixed agreements involving the exercising of EC and CFSP competences. The ECJ’s …” „… affect the EC part of the agreement which may result in an intervention of the ECJ. Although, as …” „… relating to Joint Actions or Common Positions – up to the ECJ to prevent such encroachments on Community …”

Shared external competences S. 41-46

„… ECJ’s jurisdiction is not so clear cut. Considering that the Court does not lose its jurisdiction power …” „… States.With no specific reference to this issue in the TEC, it was again the ECJ, in its judgment and opinions …” „… O’keffee 2000, pp. 193–194. In its Opinion, the ECJ found only the Multilateral Agreements on the Trade in …”

Justiciability of the CFSP financing procedure S. 134

„… is not subject to judicial scrutiny by the European Court of Justice (ECJ). Yet, the connection …” „… leads to the admissibility of an indirect ECJ jurisdiction over the financing of the CFSP expenditure …” „… Article 46 of the TEU cannot prevent from being subject to ECJ scrutiny.562 CFSP substance, measures and …”

The legal implications of Article 301 of the TEC for the Commission S. 213-216

„… Article 301 of the TEC. According to Article 46 of the TEU, the ECJ’s jurisdiction does not apply to CFSP …” „… competences, decisions and procedures, it should be examined whether, or to what extent, the ECJ (and the CFI …” „… Decisions on sanctions, made under Title V of the TEU. The ECJ is thereby supposed to be prevented from …”

The Court of Justice of the European Union and the justiciability of the CFSP S. 265-268

„… brought action before the ECJ requesting the annulment of said regulation1139 (see further discussion in …” „… shall include the ECJ, the General Court (the former CFI) and specialised courts (Article 19(1), amended …” „… extent to Article 47 of the TEU, which authorizes the ECJ to safeguard the acquis communautaire and the …”

Exclusive external competences S. 37-41

„… derived from the scope of internal measures adopted by the Community institutions The ECJ’s position that …” „… or complementary. It was the ECJ, first in its opinions from the 1970s that “discovered” the …” „… ECJ in the AETR case, stating that, “each time the Community, with a view to implementing a common …”

Legal nature and justiciability of the requirement of consistency S. 88-89

„… decision could play a role in the ECJ’s decision (Münch 1997, p. 153), relating in this regard to Joint …” „… Justice (ECJ) jurisdiction does not apply to Article 3 of the TEU. Moreover, the requirement of …” „… requirement of consistency in the overall external activities of the Union is not subject to ECJ review …”

Justiciability of agreements concluded under Article 24 of the TEU S. 203

„… , Article 46 of the TEU excludes the jurisdiction of the ECJ from CFSP matters, thereby leaving potential …” „… , which enables the EP, the Council, the Commission or a Member State to obtain the opinion of the ECJ as …” „… (Neuwahl 1998, p. 193). 888 An interesting additional role that might be assigned to the ECJ – and more …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 2-15

„… : keeping the Treaties establishing the European Communities intact 9810ii. The ECJ’s potential …” „… jurisdiction on actions of mixed competences 101iii. The ECJ’s potential jurisdiction through the participation …” „… (ECJ)’s approach 2292. Article 301 of the TEC as a possible legal basis for export controls of …”

Legal basis for CFSP financing S. 132-134

„… scrutiny by the European Court of Justice (ECJ). Yet, the connection Article 28 of the TEU establishes …” „… indirect ECJ jurisdiction over the financing of the CFSP expenditure through the Community budget.561 …” „… from being subject to ECJ scrutiny.562 CFSP substance, measures and procedures remain outside the scope …”

Is there a Community obligation to finance the CFSP actions? S. 134-136

„… is not subject to judicial scrutiny by the European Court of Justice (ECJ). Yet, the connection …” „… leads to the admissibility of an indirect ECJ jurisdiction over the financing of the CFSP expenditure …” „… Article 46 of the TEU cannot prevent from being subject to ECJ scrutiny.562 CFSP substance, measures and …”

The addressees of the requirement of consistency S. 89-90

„… infringement of Article 10 of the TEC, the content of the CFSP decision could play a role in the ECJ’s decision …” „… external activities of the Union is not subject to ECJ review. Similarly, the Court does not have …” „… ECJ may intervene, as the Member States are obliged to fulfil their obligations according to Article …”

The question of hierarchy between Community law norms and the intergovernmental pillars S. 93-94

„… contrary views of Moestl (2004, p. 165 and Weatherhill (1998, p. 173). 351 Besides the ECJ’s jurisdiction …” „… by the ECJ’s jurisdiction in Leifer (Case C-83/94, [1995] ECR I-3231), Werner (Case C-70/94, [1995 …” „… This could have been seen to suggest the existence of ECJ jurisdiction over any case in which the …”

Provisions in Community law, authorizing Member States’ unilateral actions regarding export control of dual-use goods S. 231-233

„… different public security interests (Article 11).1020However, according to the ECJ, Member States will not …” „… different circumstances relating to public security. However, as stressed by the ECJ, such an exception to a …” „… and war material. However, as the ECJ asserted, this exception does not apply automatically whenever a …”

Economic sanctions in the EU legal framework S. 206-208

„… , ECR [2008] I-06351).898 Ibid, paragraph 291. For an interpretation of the ECJ’s decision in the …” „… as its Member States, by virtue of the Treaty establishing it”.896 The European Court of Justice (ECJ …” „… paragraph123 T-315/01, Kadi, [2005] ECR II-3649). This approach was later confirmed by the ECJ in the appeal …”

Community law aspects of armament and defence cooperation S. 167-174

„… case of the EDA, and despite the ECJ’s restrictive approach to the interpretation of the exemptions …” „… significantly changed, even after the 1999 ECJ ruling in the case of Commission v. Spain, in which the Court …” „… Treaty) applies. 723 Trybus 2006, pp. 673–674. In its ruling the ECJ set out that the TEC articles …”

The legal personality of the EC S. 25-26

„… ”), the European Court of Justice (ECJ, or “the Court”) found Article 281 of the TEC (the reference was …” „… More specifically, the ECJ found that this provision means “that in its external relations the …” „… European Parliament (EP), the Council, the Commission, the ECJ and the Court of Auditors (Article 7 TEC …”

The principle of subsidiarity S. 27-28

„… through the ECJ’s implied powers doctrine.27It is beyond the scope of this work to provide an encompassing …” „… and the Member States, it was the ECJ that developed the principles to determine the scope and nature …” „… do not end there as a result of the development by the ECJ of the implied powers doctrine, on the …”

The principle of conferred powers S. 26-27

„… Transport case (AETR, also known as the “ERTA judgment”), the European Court of Justice (ECJ, or “the Court …” „… the powers conferred upon them by this Treaty.2013 More specifically, the ECJ found that this …” „… Commission, the ECJ and the Court of Auditors (Article 7 TEC). 16 See C-327/91, France v. Commission [1994 …”

The obligation to preserve the acquis communautaire. S. 92-93

„… contrary views of Moestl (2004, p. 165 and Weatherhill (1998, p. 173). 351 Besides the ECJ’s jurisdiction …” „… understood to encompass the entire written and unwritten primary and secondary EC law, as well as ECJ …” „… This could have been seen to suggest the existence of ECJ jurisdiction over any case in which the …”

Can the 2006 IIA be considered to be legally binding? S. 142-146

„… scholarly contributions and in the case law of the ECJ and CFI, see Hummer (2006, pp. 57–65).599 See …” „… ECJ.609 The EP will not be able, 607 Bieber, Epiney & Haag 2005, p. 188. 608 Compare with the …” „… been agreed therein. At the same time, when considering whether the ECJ will acknowledge the 2006 IIA …”

Article 301 of the TEC as a possible legal basis for export controls of dual-use goods S. 230-231

„… policy and the CCP were handled again by the ECJ, although not directly with regard to dual-use goods, in …” „… , the ECJ asserted that even such measures must respect the Community rules adopted under the CCP (C …” „… different public security interests (Article 11).1020However, according to the ECJ, Member States will not …”

Article 308 of the TEC S. 223-224

„… the cases of Yusuf and Kadi,984 the ECJ stressed in the appeal regarding these two cases985 that it is …” „… In the same appeal the ECJ rejected the notion that the bridge constructed between the actions of the …” „… operation of the common market, one of the objectives of the Community. The ECJ eventually found that the …”

Union institutions or Community institutions? S. 105-107

„… , the European Parliament (EP), the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and the Court of Auditors. Thus …” „… their involvement in the intergovernmental pillars. While the Council and the ECJ are acting within the …” „… scope of the TEU as Treaty institutions (Vertragsorgane) (ECJ only within the PJCC), the Commission and …”

The Treaty of Lisbon: the integration of the pillar structure? S. 246-251

„… extension of the ECJ’s jurisdiction (see discussion in Part III of this chapter); the new options for …” „… through the European Court of Justice (ECJ) case law. 1081 Geiger, In: Geiger, Khan & Kotzur (eds …” „… ). Consequentially, and considering also the ruling out of ECJ jurisdiction with respect to CFSP provisions (Article …”

The justiciability of the ESDP S. 178

„… 178 4. The justiciability of the ESDP As discussed earlier in this work, the involvement of the ECJ …” „… Community competences780 and, when needed, the ECJ will be able to prevent any encroachment on Community …”

The Commission S. 118-124

„… is anchored in several TEC provisions,492 serving – together with the ECJ doctrine of “implied powers …” „… 226 TEC, according to which the Commission may bring a Member State before the ECJ for failing to …” „… ; namely, its option to bring Second Pillar measures before the ECJ in the event that it holds that these …”

Evaluation of the integrated system S. 236-239

„… TEC, the ECJ’s approach in the cases of Leifer, Werner and Centro-Com was explicitly taken into …” „… movement of goods.1043 Indeed, as claimed by Weidel, on the grounds of the ECJ rulings in the case of …” „… and that only the communitarian part of the system is subject to judicial scrutiny by the ECJ.1049 …”

Jusiciability of Common Positions S. 198

„… the Community and its institutions, otherwise Article 47 of the TEU could be invoked before the ECJ.IV …” „… According to the provisions of Article 46 of the TEU, Common Positions as such are not subject to ECJ …”

Adoption of restrictive measures by the EU against third countries S. 276-279

„… restrictive measure.1184 With no exact indication in this regard, it remains to be seen how the ECJ will …” „… before the ECJ, the former seeks the annulment of said Regulation, claiming that having regarded its …” „… peace and security” [author’s own emphasis]. It remains to be seen whether the ECJ would favour the …”

Evaluation of Common Strategies as a cross-pillar instrument S. 183-187

„… of the Community may be invalidated by the European Court of Justics (ECJ).802 With that said, it …” „… , the ECJ does not lose its jurisdiction over the communitarian components of the Act. Moreover, in …” „… Community may be invalidated by the ECJ.820II. Joint Actions With the introduction of Joint Actions and …”

EPC legal nature S. 56-60

„… , the exclusion of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) from exercising its jurisdiction regarding the …” „… provisions or other Community laws by means of this action.186The result of the exclusion of ECJ jurisdiction …” „… . However, the ECJ would retain its authority to define the scope of Community powers and to interpret the …”

The European Council S. 152-153

„… of Justice (ECJ) in security and defence policy, unless it interacts in the activities of the EC.644 …” „… Kielmansegg 2005, p. 380. 644 See discussion on possible involvement of the ECJ in CFSP in Chapter IV. 645 …”

Binding effect of Common Positions on the Community and its institutions S. 197-198

„… the Community and its institutions, otherwise Article 47 of the TEU could be invoked before the ECJ.IV …” „… According to the provisions of Article 46 of the TEU, Common Positions as such are not subject to ECJ …”

The Treaty of Lisbon S. 46-47

„… delineation in the establishing Treaties, it was the ECJ that effectively set out the principles determining …” „… , represent an attempt at codification of the ECJ case law as regards the existence and nature of Community …”

Legal nature of the ESDP S. 151-152

„… the Member States643 leaves no room for a substantial role of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) in …” „… of the ECJ in CFSP in Chapter IV. 645 Annex IV of the Presidency Report on the ESDP, Nice European …”

Introduction S. 19-24

„… influenced and promoted by the European Court of Justice (ECJ) in its case law and opinions, mainly …” „… framework and may provide for enhanced ECJ jurisdiction over the CFSP, which is formally very limited …” „… States’ national law (Article 249 TEC) and are subject to the jurisdiction of the ECJ. 24and, at the …”

Article 297 of the TEC S. 222-223

„… the ECJ stressed in the appeal regarding these two cases985 that it is Articles 60 and 301 of the TEC …” „… conditions to which its applicability is subject had been satisfied.986 In the same appeal the ECJ rejected …”

Involvement of the Community in initiating Joint Actions S. 187-189

„… representing a certain mixed EU–EC Act, the ECJ does not lose its jurisdiction over the communitarian …” „… the agenda of the Community may be invalidated by the ECJ.820II. Joint Actions With the introduction …”

Treaty-making competence of the EU S. 198-200

„… the Community and its institutions, otherwise Article 47 of the TEU could be invoked before the ECJ.IV …” „… According to the provisions of Article 46 of the TEU, Common Positions as such are not subject to ECJ …”

Economic sanctions in international law S. 204-206

„… , ECR [2008] I-06351).898 Ibid, paragraph 291. For an interpretation of the ECJ’s decision in the …” „… Member States, by virtue of the Treaty establishing it”.896 The European Court of Justice (ECJ) further …”

Article 133 of the TEC S. 219-221

„… addressed by the ECJ. In the case of Werner, the Court stressed that the implementation of a CCP based on …” „… ECJ thereby further recognized the applicability of Article 133 of the TEC to restrictive measures …”

The European Parliament (EP) S. 263-265

„… TFEU, the EP brought action before the ECJ requesting the annulment of said regulation1139 (see further …” „… shall include the ECJ, the General Court (the former CFI) and specialised courts (Article 19(1), amended …”

Legal instruments and voting procedures under the CFSP S. 268-270

„… the ruling out of the ECJ jurisdiction with respect to the CFSP provisions (Articles 24(2 …” „… explicit exclusion was required since the ECJ shall generally have the power to review the legality of …”

Assessment: uniform foreign policy and “one voice” for Europe? S. 279-282

„… before the ECJ, the former seeks the annulment of said Regulation, claiming that having regarded its …” „… peace and security” [author’s own emphasis]. It remains to be seen whether the ECJ would favour the …”

Secretary-General of the Council and the High Representative for the CFSP (SG/HR) S. 115-118

„… several TEC provisions,492 serving – together with the ECJ doctrine of “implied powers” – as the legal …” „… Member State before the ECJ for failing to fulfil obligation under the TEC. 491 Bono 1998, p. 94. 492 …”

Joint Actions’ agenda and Community competences and policies S. 190-193

„… immune from being brought before the ECJ.831 Indeed, as evident from the example discussed in the section …” „… Council Decision on the financial assistance to ECOWAS was eventually challenged before the ECJ by the …”

Financing European operations having military or defence implications (OMDIs) under the ESDP S. 174-178

„… , the involvement of the ECJ in the CFSP is very limited. This is all the more true when it comes to the …” „… might entail some kind of connection to Community competences780 and, when needed, the ECJ will be able …”

The inter-pillar procedure S. 208-211

„… paragraph123 T-315/01, Kadi, [2005] ECR II-3649). This approach was later confirmed by the ECJ in the appeal …” „… Abdulla Kadi v. Council of the European Union, ECR [2008] I-06351).905 According to the ECJ, in the …”

The role of different institutions and bodies within the EPC framework S. 60-66

„… means of this action.186The result of the exclusion of ECJ jurisdiction and of the fact that the …” „… external problems facing Europe”.190185 See Freestone & Davidson 1986, p. 800. However, the ECJ would …”

Involvement of the EC in the ESDP S. 156-167

„… TEU.680 After the EP (and the Netherlands) took legal steps before the ECJ against the SG/HR’s …” „… situation has not significantly changed, even after the 1999 ECJ ruling in the case of Commission v. Spain …” „… ) TEC (Ex-Article 223(1)(b) EEC Treaty) applies. 723 Trybus 2006, pp. 673–674. In its ruling the ECJ …”

Conclusions S. 85

„… , along with the scope of ECJ jurisdiction over the CFSP, are discussed in Chapter IV. Koenig 2000, pp …”

List of abbreviations S. 16-18

„… Directorate-General EC European Community ECJ European Court of Justice ECOWAS Economic Community of West African …”

The EU single institutional framework S. 105

„… , the European Parliament (EP), the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and the Court of Auditors. Thus …”

Justiciability of Joint Actions S. 190

„… immune from being brought before the ECJ.831 Indeed, as evident from the example discussed in the section …”

Article 62(2) of the TEC S. 224-225

„… the operation of the common market, one of the objectives of the Community. The ECJ eventually found …”

External aspect of the institutional process S. 104-105

„… , the European Parliament (EP), the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and the Court of Auditors. Thus …”

Implementing measures and voting procedure S. 182-183

„… be invalidated by the European Court of Justics (ECJ).802 With that said, it should also be borne 799 …”

The binding effect of Joint Actions on the Community and its institutions S. 189-190

„… Community law by Joint Actions, they will be immune from being brought before the ECJ.831 Indeed, as evident …”

Article 60 of the TEC S. 218-219

„… CFI Decision in the case of Yusuf,the ECJ recognizes its limits with respect to the interpretation of …”

Export controls of dual-use goods in the European Political Cooperation (EPC)–EEC framework S. 233-234

„… .1029In the context of export controls of dual-use goods, the ECJ will examine the legitimacy of a …”

Components of the new regime S. 239-240

„… the basis of Article 133 TEC, the ECJ’s approach in the cases of Leifer, Werner and Centro-Com was …”

The question of the EU’s legal personality S. 84-85

„… scope of ECJ jurisdiction over the CFSP, are discussed in Chapter IV. Koenig 2000, pp. 33–45; Pechstein …”

The content of the requirement of consistency S. 87-88

„… Justice (ECJ) jurisdiction does not apply to Article 3 of the TEU. Moreover, the requirement of …”

“Acquis communautaire”: definition S. 91-92

„… understood to encompass the entire written and unwritten primary and secondary EC law, as well as ECJ …”

The 2006 IIA between the Parliament, the Council and the Commission on Budgetary Discipline and Sound Financial Management. S. 141-142

„… the ECJ and CFI, see Hummer (2006, pp. 57–65).599 See Hüwelmeier (2002, p. 211) and Bleckmann (1997 …”

Scope of CFSP S. 79-81

„… established the European Court of Justice (ECJ) competence to prevent actions taken at the intergovernmental …”

The 1980 sanction against Iran and the question of using EEC instruments as legal basis for European political cooperation S. 68-70

„… interpretation of Article 133 TEC is based to a certain extent on the non-restrictive approach of the ECJ in …”

The European Council and its President S. 251-254

„… action (referring to Articles 1(3) and 40 of the amended TEU); the extension of the ECJ’s jurisdiction …”

Bibliography S. 299-312

„… R (2008). Cross-Pillar Litigation before the ECJ: Demarcation of Community and Union Competences …”

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