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Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer - Smart Products

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Sebastian Lohsse (ed.), Reiner Schulze (ed.), Dirk Staudenmayer (ed.)

Smart Products

2022

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Christiane Wendehorst The Update Obligation – how to make it work in the relationship between seller, producer, digital content or service provider and consumer S. 63-90

„… content or service provider and consumerChristiane Wendehorst*IntroductionFrom the point of view of …” „… necessary to enable the provider of an information society service to provide a service requested by the …” „… the seller cannot factually provide these services themselves, the seller relies on the manufacturer …”

Hans Schulte-Nölke Digital obligations of sellers of smart devices under the Sale of Goods Directive 771/2019 S. 47-62

„… the wrong debtor, because it is usually the third-party service provider that causes the smart device …” „… 's lack of conformity, and the seller has little or no leverage to prompt the third-party service provider …” „… provides for a continuous supply of digital content or a digital service over a period of time.3 Examples …”

Isabell Conrad, Alin Seegel Modifications of digital content/services and digital elements in smart products – how to design the contracts S. 133-154

„… conformity of the digital content or digital service. The trader's duty to provide updates for maintaining …” „… . 19 (1) DCD / section 327r (1) BGB: “contract provides that the digital content or digital service is …” „… Modifications of digital content/services and digital elements in smart products – how to design …”

Karin Sein Modifications of digital content or services and of digital elements in smart products – Possible application problems S. 111-132

„… consumer, the trader and the digital service provider (2.). Following that, it tries to define and …” „… obligation to provide digital content or digital service and not in cases where he has already fulfilled his …” „… trader and the digital service provider are different persons. It may well be that the trader concludes …”

Gerhard Wagner Software as a Product S. 157-180

„… goods (Art. 28 et seq TFEU), and the freedom to provide services (Art. 56 et seq. TFEU). As different …” „… had interpreted the freedom to provide services under what is now Art. 56 TFEU (Art. 50 EC) broadly …” „… liability of service providers and the liability of manufacturers of products “constitute two distinct …”

André Janssen The Update Obligation for Smart Products – Time Period for the Update Obligation and Failure to Install the Update S. 91-108

„… service (Art. 7(3)(a) Sale of Goods Directive 2019/771) and (b) sales contracts that provide for a …” „… ServiceIf it is a so-called oneoff contract, i.e. a sales contract that provides for a single act of supply …” „… Directive.Sales Contracts that Provide for Continuous Supply of Digital Content or Digital Service Over a Period …”

Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell Product Liability for Beyond-Product Ecosystems – Is the Product Liability Directive ready to accommodate smart products? S. 201-216

„… , PLD)2 provides for a definition, for the purposes of the Directive, of ‘product’3 – slightly amended …” „… , UNIDROIT, Rome. Member of the Expert Group on liability and new technologies whose mission is to provide …” „… , and constitute a undistinguishable melting of services and products. The conundrum is then whether the …”

Sebastian Lohsse, Reiner Schulze, Dirk Staudenmayer ‘Smart Products’ – A Focal Point for Legal Developments in the Digital Economy S. 11-44

„… are connected with digital services.I.* Sebastian Lohsse und Reiner Schulze are Professors of Law …” „… supply of digital content and digital services (DCD) and 2019/771 on certain aspects concerning …” „… digital content or a digital service in such a way that the absence of that digital content or digital …”

Evelyne Gebhardt Introductory Statement S. 223-228

„… public services, such as healthcare and education. Already now, they provide services of general …” „… endless and current product liability law fails to provide answers. Now, what is clear is that we need to …” „… Parliament (MEP), Social Democratic Party of Germany, Party of European Socialists.223services reach the …”

Susanne Dehmel How should ‘smart products’ be handled in contractual and (product) liability law? S. 229-236

„… economy, including 1,900 direct members. Through IT- and communication services alone, our members …” „… technologies, IT-services, and telecommunications or internet services, produce hardware and consumer …” „… assistance systems are deployed. These AI systems either provide recommendations to prepare a final human …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… relationship between seller, producer, digital content or service provider and consumer 63Christiane …” „… Install the Update 91André JanssenModifications of digital content/services and digital elements in smart …” „… productsModifications of digital content or services and of digital elements in smart products – Possible application …”

Georg Borges Liability for self-learning smart products S. 181-200

„… of a neural network), and in particular provide (suitable) training data, but does not have to …” „… also reflected by the distinction between the production of a new product from work, and services …” „… not provide for civil liability, which is to be regulated in another European legal act.40At the level …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783748929772

Henning Jessen, Michael Jürgen Werner - EU Maritime Transport Law

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Henning Jessen (ed.), Michael Jürgen Werner (ed.)

EU Maritime Transport Law

Series: Kooperationswerke Beck - Hart – Nomos

Volume 2016

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Marian Paschke II. Commentary on Regulation EEC/3577/92/EC Applying the Principle of Freedom to Provide Services to Maritime Transport within Member States S. 316-339

„… II. Commentary on Regulation EEC/3577/92/EC Applying the Principle of Freedom to Provide Services …” „… ; Aussant, Jill, Freedom to provide Services in Shipping in the EU, ETL 1994, 556; Basedow, Jürgen …” „… interpretation of Council Regulation (EEC) No 3577/92 applying the principle of freedom to provide services to …”

Michael Jürgen Werner III. Application of EU Competition Rules to Maritime Sector – Commentary on the Liner Shipping Consortium Block Exemption Regulation No. 697/2014 (Regulation 906/2009) S. 340-359

„… than the underlying economic reality that the parties provide a joint service. (4) The benefit of the …” „… underlying economic reality, namely the fact that the parties operate a joint service. This provides the …” „… provide international liner shipping services from or to one or more Community ports. Article 1 sets out …”

Christine Wersel VI. Commentary on Regulation EC/1177/2010 Concerning the Rights of Passengers when Travelling by Sea and Inland Waterway S. 408-490

„… freedom to provide services to maritime transport within Member States (maritime cabotage) [4]. (4) The …” „… concerning public service requirements and the award of public service contracts in passenger transport by …” „… ; – local and regional services play a particular role; – some services (e.g. maritime regional transport …”

Robert Coleman, Henning Jessen I. Introduction S. 293-315

„… – pools. Freight liner conferences provide regular service on given routes and are intended to ensure …” „… may not provide a maritime transport service which governments deem necessary. In those circumstances …” „… , rather than provide the service themselves, public authorities may wish to contract for the provision of …”

Thomas Brinkmann III. Commentary on Directive 2000/59/EC of 27 November 2000 on Port Reception Facilities for Ship-Generated Waste and Cargo Residues S. 653-663

„… granting of concessions to port operators and other providers of port services accompanied by equally …” „… the financial relations between providers and users of port services as well as port infrastructure …” „… programme states: Under international rules, all parties are obliged to provide and maintain facilities in …”

Alexandros Ntovas II. Commentary on Regulation EC/725/2004 on Enhancing Ship and Port Facility Security S. 1130-1208

„… operating such services are able to provide such information at any time on request by the competent …” „… service’ means a series of sailings organised in such a way as to provide a service linking two or more …” „… organised in such a way as to provide a service linking two or 58 Recital 9 in the preamble to the …”

Robert Coleman, Henning Jessen I. Maritime Transportation General Introduction S. 19-65

„… provide services in this field should be governed by the provisions of the specific title on transport …” „… continued failure leading to the freedom to provide services being given direct effect. All of this, coupled …” „… principle of freedom to provide services to maritime transport between Member States and between Member …”

Henning Jessen VII. Commentary on Regulation EC/391/2009 on Common Rules and Standards for Ship Inspection and Survey Organisations and Directive 2009/15/EC on Common Rules and Standards for Ship Inspection and Survey Organisations and for the Relevant Activities of Maritime Administrations S. 731-873

„… freedom to provide services. This includes the development and implementation of safety requirements for …” „… 63 64 entities that contribute to ensuring that that organisation provides cover for their services …” „… . Regardless of the corporate structure, the organisation to be recognised should provide services worldwide …”

Michael Jürgen Werner IX. Directive 2002/59/EC establishing a Community vessel traffic monitoring and information system and repealing Council Directive 93/75/EEC S. 920-954

„… other ships owned or operated by a Member State and used for non-commercial public service; (b) fishing …” „… and used for non-commercial public service, small fishing vessels and bunkers on ships below 1000 …” „… Maritime assistance services (MAS); – IMO guidelines on the fair treatment of seafarers in the event of a …”

Mateusz Bek III. Commentary on Directive 2005/65/EC on Enhancing Port SecurityFor an extensive account of literature relevant to the subject of port security, see Chapter 5, II. S. 1209-1258

„… considered by the Commission of the European Communities to be necessary in order to provide the Member …” „… measures laid down in the Directive in ports and provides the Member States with an option to extend their …” „… countries. Article 2(2) further provides that the Directive does not apply to military installations in …”

Orestis Schinas V. Commentary on Regulation EC/782/2003 on the Prohibition of Organotin Compounds on Ships S. 667-684

„… detention of ships. The remaining articles provide information, definitions and set out the entry into force …” „… ) Article 21: Languages. The annexes provide necessary technical requirements for the enforcement of the …” „… owned or operated by a party and used, for the time being, only for government non-commercial service …”

Orestis Schinas II. Commentary on Directive 1999/32/EC as regards the sulphur content of marine fuels, as amended by Directive 2012/33/EC S. 607-652

„… interest of operators, policy-makers, and enforcement officers as well of service providers, such as the …” „… service.24 2. Modal shift implications are still uncertain; as some short sea routes might be affected …” „… 2016. The purpose of this code, as stated in the preamble, is to provide an international standard for …”

Michael Jürgen Werner IV. Commentary on the Community Guidelines on State Aid to Maritime Transport and Regulation 3094/95 on Aid to Shipbuilding S. 360-388

„… beneficiaries: a) Pure ship lessors: they do not provide maritime transport services; and b) Pure commercial …” „… , acceptance or approval; Whereas the Agreement provides for the elimination of all direct shipbuilding aids …” „… service (for example dredgers and ice-breakers, excluding floating docks and mobile offshore units …”

Timo Noftz V. Regulation (EC) No 789/2004 on the transfer of cargo and passenger ships between registers within the Community S. 389-407

„… to provide services to maritime transport between Member States and between Member States and third …” „… of 22 December 1986 applying the principle of freedom to provide services to maritime transport …” „… Regulation 4055/86/EEC,4 the European legislator has codified the general freedom to provide maritime …”

Michael Pimm XI. Commentary on Directive 2009/20/EC on the Insurance of Shipowners for Maritime Claims S. 1033-1040

„… operated ships used for a non commercial public service. 3. This Directive shall be without prejudice to …” „… appears to recognise that it will generally be P&I Clubs which provide the cover required by the Directive …” „… the law governing the relevant contract of service precludes or restricts such limitation – see …”

Sara Vatankhah X. Commentary on Directive 2009/18/EC Establishing the Fundamental Principles Governing the Investigation of Accidents in the Maritime Transport Sector S. 955-1032

„… Services (EPRS), Ex-Post Impact Assessment Unit, PE 536.331 – October 2015, pp. 92-108; Parliament of …” „… Australia, Department of Parliamentary Services, Bills Digest, 27 June 2006, No. 147, Chapter 4, X. 938 Sara …” „… Maritime Safety Package – Ex-Post Impact Assessment, Study, European Parliamentary Research Services (EPRS …”

Robert Coleman, Henning Jessen I. Introduction S. 584-606

„… become economically active, provide services and move capital. While there was certain ambivalence about …” „… und Prestige (2012); van Hooydonk, The European Port Services Directive: The Good or the Last Try …” „… European Port Services Directive, Il Diritto Marittimo 2004, pp. 851; Jenisch, The European Union as an …”

Henning Jessen II. EU Law and Inland Waterway Transportation S. 66-94

„… competition from road transport and railway services providers. On the contrary, the Netherlands (46.5%) and …” „… between Member States with a view to establishing freedom to provide such transport services;105 Council …” „… inland waterway network which also has a negative impact on other potential hinterland services offered …”

Robert Coleman, Henning Jessen I. Introduction S. 1117-1129

„… functioning of the internal market in maritime services. The events of 11 September 2001 and subsequent …” „… operating domestic services within the EU as well as the port facilities that they use.7 This extension was …” „… Jessen 1103 11 12 13 on the conduct of its inspections under those measures.11 These provide for EM- SA …”

Henning Jessen VI. Commentary on Directive 2005/35/EC on ship-source pollution and on the introduction of penalties, including criminal penalties, for pollution offences (as amended by Directive 2009/123/EC) S. 685-730

„… Legal Act The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) provides States with a broad …” „… hazardous or noxious substances provides sufficient dissuasive effects to discourage the parties involved in …” „… services (as a classification society for a shipowner).32 Thus, it is indispensable to identify on a …”

Henning Jessen, Alexander Block III. Seafarers’ Rights and Maritime Employment Contracts in the EU Legal Order S. 249-292

„… striking example. The MLC 2006 now provides that the State parties will have to ensure that all seafarers …” „… legislation (including seafarers ordinarily resident in their territory).3 This will provide a certain minimum …” „… : Title 1 determines the minimum requirements for seafarers to work on a ship, Title 2 provides the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-18

„… in North America (US and Canada) by Hart Publishing, c/o International Specialized Book, Services …” „… services, – maritime safety and pollution control; – maritime security. This list of leading topics governs …” „… create a liberalised and competitive market in maritime services, arguably the most important and most …”

Henning Jessen XIII. Commentary on Regulation 530/2012/EU of Double-Hull or Equivalent Design Requirements for Single-Hull Oil Tankers S. 1052-1077

„… (3rd ed. 2013); Mielke, Oil Spill Intelligence Report – Congressional research service: Oil spill …” „… global regulatory level (i.e.: of the IMO) still provides legal possibilities for the continued …” „… still in service for decades to come. Consequently, to further enhance vessel safety and to align MARPOL …”

Melis Özdel I. The EU and the Carriage of Goods by Sea under Private Law and EU Regulation S. 95-210

„… position within the EU and EF- TA states will be addressed. The historical background will provide insight …” „… Hague-Visby Rules: the well-known actual carrier problem. The Hamburg Rules provide that all the provisions …” „… trading nations, thereby failing to provide a widely accepted replacement for the Hague and the …”

Michael Pimm VIII. Commentary on Directive 2009/16/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on Port State Control S. 874-919

„… Conditions in Intra-Community Regular Maritime Transport Services Carried Out by Ships under Member States …” „… system mandatory in the European Union and provides it with significant practical support through EMSA …” „… , which provides for inspections to be more targeted than before. Every vessel now has a “risk profile …”

Melis Özdel II. Maritime Confict of Laws and Jurisdiction S. 211-248

„… provides guidance on some issues of jurisdiction. This chapter will discuss, in particular, the current …” „… based on the defendant’s domicile.21 Hence, Article 4(1) of the Recast Regulation provides that …” „… . 24 See Article 6(1) of the Recast Regulation. The article provides that, in the case of a defendant …”

Antonios Politis VII. Regulation (EC) No 392/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the liability of carriers of passengers by sea in the event of accidents S. 491-583

„… international transport has been eliminated within the internal market in maritime transport services and it is …” „… , particularly in the case of small shipping companies operating national transport services, account must be …” „… , which provides more potential jurisdictions, see Article 2, para. 58. 69 As Ringbom notes, the method …”

Henning Jessen XIV. Commentary on Regulation (EU) 2015/757 on the Monitoring, Reporting and Verification of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Maritime Transport S. 1078-1116

„… fuel consumed on voyages to and from EU ports, as fuel sales data could not provide appropriately …” „… services and market requirement for increased speed and availability continued unchanged.42 However, more …” „… new and existing ships. The SEEMP “is designed to provide the framework against which shipowners can …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845271873

Sandra Schmitz - The Struggle in Online Copyright Enforcement

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Sandra Schmitz

The Struggle in Online Copyright Enforcement

Series: Luxemburger Juristische Studien - Luxembourg Legal Studies

Volume 8 2015

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B. Enforcement Measures Directed at Intermediaries S. 565-719

„… schemes at national levels require the cooperation of every single domestic Internet service provider. In …” „… addition, service providers have different network designs and hence, need to deploy different content …” „… liability of intermediary service providers established in this Directive do not affect the possibility of …”

B. National Enforcement Measures Against Users S. 243-517

„… to information to be provided by Internet service providers.899 Article 8 of the Directive goes much …” „… services in question”. Article 8(3)(a) confirms that the Directive provides for minimum standards with …” „… service provider. It is decisive that there is a legal basis on which this information can be obtained …”

A. The Peer-to-Peer File-Sharer as the Addressee of Enforcement Measures S. 195-243

„… a 2009 study analysing the web traffic of 21,766 hosts of a German Internet service provider showed …” „… disclosure of data by the Internet service provider, and that the Internet service provider retains the …” „… service providers from disclosing the identity of individual account holders to right holders for the …”

List of References S. 747-789

„… Internet-Service-Provider als Geiseln deutscher Ordnungsbehörden – Eine Kritik an den Verfügungen der Bezirksregierung …” „… , Data retention by Internet service providers for IP rights protection: Bonnier Audio (C-461/10 …” „… , human rights protection and the responsibilities of Internet service providers after Scarlet, European …”

A. The Status Quo – or How Did We Get to Where We AreToday? S. 49-115

„… debate252, where Internet service providers make deals with services like Netflix or Amazon allowing …” „… the Internet service provider Verizon in the US, see Edward Wyatt, Rebuffing F.C.C. in 'Net Neutrality …” „… fight of on-demand streaming services to provide their customers a better service than anyone else by …”

A. Online Intermediaries as the Addressees of Enforcement Measures S. 517-565

„… also includes the providers of websites with user-generated content. File-hosting services or streaming …” „… these service providers needs to be looked at. In addition, the main intentions of most copyright …” „… file-hosting services, the entities that, from the position of the rights-holders, provide the means for the …”

General Conclusions S. 719-747

„… what is technologically feasible; attention must be paid to the capacities of the service provider …” „… address allows for identification of the Internet access service provider and thus, the general location …” „… via file-hosting services or new forms of media consumption such as streaming, host providers have …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-20

„… Idem Ruledd) 180 The Fundamental Rights of Internet Service Providers at Stake 3. 181 Freedom to …” „… Conformity with the Fundamental Rights of Internet Service Providers d) 416 Freedom to Conduct Business of …” „… Traditional Access Providers aa) 416 Freedom to Conduct Business of Providers of Free Wi-Fi Services bb) 418 …”

Introduction S. 21-49

„… scale” infringements, and the role of Internet service providers.48 It is striking that the most …” „… search engines, advertising networks and other providers to withhold their services in relation to such …” „… major concern was that requiring service providers to bar access to foreign websites may break the …”

B. The Technological and Legal Challenges of Online Copyright Enforcement S. 115-195

„… identification is that IP data is retained by the Internet service provider. However, under a) b) 388 Glenn …” „… data protection principles of data reduction and data economy, Internet service providers are obliged …” „… . Telecommunication service providers or operators store customers’ personal data for the purposes of transmitting …”

Table of Cases S. 789-800

„… Karen Murphy v Media Protection Services Ltd., [2011] ECR I-9083 CJEU, Case C‑213/10 F-Tex SIA v …” „… 10.05.2012 (Blocking of The Pirate Bay: BREIN v providers) Table of Cases 798 The United Kingdom Court of …” „… Inc. v Prodigy Services Co., 1995 WL 323710 (NY Sup. Ct. 1995) Table of Cases 800 …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845265872

Marcus Scheibel - Einfluss der eingeschränkten Handelbarkeit auf die Bewertung von privaten Unternehmen im Euroraum

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Marcus Scheibel

Einfluss der eingeschränkten Handelbarkeit auf die Bewertung von privaten Unternehmen im Euroraum

Series: Finanz- und Rechnungswesen

Volume 13 2013

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Appendix S. 171-180

„… internet service providerInternet / ecommerceISPsNetherlandsPrivateKPN NVPublic69,028,93,210,9%21,9x …” „… MediengruppeGerman telephone directory providerServices (other)Business support servicesGermanyPrivateEniro ABPublic …” „… corporations, Internet service providersTelecommunications: CarriersMobile/satellite telecoms …”

doi.org/10.5771/9783845246420

ZfRV Zeitschrift für Europarecht, Int. Privatrecht und Rechtsvergleichung

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ZfRV Zeitschrift für Europarecht, Int. Privatrecht und Rechtsvergleichung

Browse Volumes: ZfRV Zeitschrift für Europarecht, Int. Privatrecht und Rechtsvergleichung

ZfRV Volume 64 (2023) Issue 6 ISSN Online: 2078-1059

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Olmos Giupponi The Regulation of the Data Economy S. 5-11

„… respective persons to transfer their data bet-ween competing service providers.8 While the right to data …” „… to such request;▶ providers of data processing services offering such servicesto customers in the …” „… which this is not thecase, eg a cloud service provider who acts as data holder (Reci-tal 21).b …”

doi.org/10.5771/2078-1059-2023-6

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